regenerationn.
/rᵻˌdʒɛnəˈreɪʃn/, /ˌriːdʒɛnəˈreɪʃn/, U.S. /riˌdʒɛnəˈreɪʃ(ə)n/, /rəˌdʒɛnəˈreɪʃ(ə)n/ 1.
a. The action of coming or bringing into renewed existence; recreation; rebirth; restoration.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > creation > [noun] > creating again
regenerationc1384
re-creation?a1425
new-making1495
repullulation1623
remaking1625
reproductiona1640
regermination1646
recasting1687
regenesis1833
c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Matt. xix. 28 Ȝe that han forsaken alle thingis and sued me in regeneracioun [L. in regeneratione], or gendrynge aȝein, whenne mannes sone shall sitte in the sete of his mageste, [etc.].
c1390 (c1350) Proprium Sanctorum in Archiv f. das Studium der Neueren Sprachen (1888) 81 103 (MED) In þe Regeneraciun good Of alle men to flesch and blod..On Twelf seetes sitte schal ȝe, Þe twelf kuyndes demynge.
a1550 ( G. Ripley Compend of Alchemy (Bodl. e Mus.) f. 50 The killed bodies into corruption furthre leadynge And afterwarde into regeneration them habiling.
1561 T. Norton tr. J. Calvin Inst. Christian Relig. i. f. 24 After the generall flood, there was as it were a new regeneration of the world.
1620 Swetnam Arraigned i. i You powers that grant Regeneration, What meant you first to giue him vitall breath?
1694 W. Salmon Pharmacopœia Bateana i. ix. 394/1 This is made a regeneration of Nitre.
1707 tr. P. Le Lorrain de Vallemont Curiosities in Husbandry & Gardening 324 The Miracle of the Regeneration, or even of the Resurrection of Plants from their Ashes.
1785 C. Wilkins tr. Bhăgvăt-Gēētā vi. 50 But such a regeneration into this life is the most difficult to attain.
1810 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 100 56 There is always a partial regeneration of ammonia.
1860 J. W. Warter Sea-board & Down II. 206 The throes the grave has to undergo before the regeneration in the resurrection.
1954 Industr. & Engin. Chem. 46 453/1 The regeneration of sulfuric acid from the by-product calcium sulfate, called phosphogypsum.
1986 J. Cox Spirit of Gardening 181 The brambles figure centrally in the dramatic process of regeneration that Nature uses to reclothe her land after it is scarred.
b. In extended use: renaissance; renewal, spec. of a geographical area by the improvement of its economic and social conditions.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > amending > restoration > [noun] > restoration to flourishing condition > fact of
regeneration1567
resurging1575
renascency1648
Second Coming1650
palintocya1660
reflorescence1690
revirescence1741
resurgence1798
renascence1810
resurgency1810
recrudescence1877
Renaissance1882
Risorgimento1883
reburgeoning1929
greening1970
1567 W. Painter Palace of Pleasure II. xxij. f. 166v The further he went, the greater he saw the increase, & almost a regeneration, or as I may say, a new birth of rare things, which made yt littlenesse of the place more stately and wonderfull.
1627 G. Hakewill Apologie iii. viii. 239 Together with the regeneration of other kindes of learning Poetrie likewise grew in request.
1665 M. Casaubon To J. S. 10 Who hath not heard of that..regeneration of Learning, by all kind of Writers, since, or about that time, so much extolled and magnified?
1789 A. Young Jrnl. 24 June in Trav. France (1792) i. 119 What they call the regeneration of the kingdom, a favourite term, to which they affix no precise idea.
1799 H. Tresham Rome at Close Eighteenth Cent. 11 The Moderns are indebted to the Church for the regeneration of the Learning of the Antients.
1835 E. Bulwer-Lytton Rienzi I. i. viii. 118 All great regenerations are the universal movement of the mass.
1847 L. H. Kerr tr. L. von Ranke Hist. Servia 217 The military regeneration of the Turkish Empire.
1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 580/1 He argued that a single worthless life stood in the way of the regeneration of Russia.
1988 Times 25 May 13/1 One of those wider purposes—the ‘reskilling’ of the unemployed at a moment of economic regeneration.
1990 Environment 96/2 The London Docklands Development Corporation has made great strides towards bringing about the regeneration of East London's deserted dock areas and their surroundings, primarily through new development.
2. † b. The period of Christ's teaching ministry on earth. Obsolete. rare.Apparently based on a misinterpretation of Matthew 19:28, perhaps arising from the punctuation in English translations.
a. The process or fact of being spiritually reborn; the state resulting from this. Also in extended use: reform, moral improvement.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > aspects of faith > spirituality > soul > regeneration > [noun]
again-begettingc1384
regenerationa1425
renovationa1425
reparation1447
second birtha1513
new birth1529
gain-birtha1557
regeneracy1620
reawakening1662
renewal1737
rebirth1837
reawakenment1886
rebirthing1969
a1425 (a1400) Northern Pauline Epist. (1916) Titus iii. 5 (MED) After his myche mercy he has maad vs safe þurgh þe wasschyng of þe hooly goost of þe regeneracyoun [L. regenerationis] and of þe renouacyoun.
c1500 (?a1475) Assembly of Gods (1896) 2101 That we may haue a place, Accordyng to oure regeneracion, With heuynly spyrytes.
a1513 H. Bradshaw Lyfe St. Werburge (1521) i. xxvii. sig. i.viii By the seconde byrthe..At fonte of baptym, we haue regeneracyon.
1597 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie v. l. 105 They haue the seede of their regeneration by the ministerie of the Church.
1609 S. Rowlands Famous Hist. Guy Earle of Warwick 72 Nature's corruption I do strive to leave, A new regeneration to receive.
1681 J. Flavell Method of Grace xxxi. 535 Regeneration is..the life of God reinspired into a soul alienated from it by the power of sin.
1701 J. Norris Ess. Ideal World I. v. 284 Considering that our Regeneration implies only the restoration of our nature.
1781 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall II. xx. 207 Future tyrants were encouraged to believe, that the innocent blood which they might shed in a long reign would instantly be washed away in the waters of regeneration.
a1805 W. Paley Serm. (1810) vii. 116 I am not unwilling to admit..that, when this Spirit is given, there is a new birth, a regeneration.
1883 J. A. Froude Short Stud. IV. iii. 263 Spiritual regeneration begins naturally among the poor and the humble.
1912 Catholic Encycl. XIV. 11/2 If there has been no fall from a higher to a lower state, then the teaching of Scripture in regard to Redemption and the necessity of a baptismal regeneration is unintelligible.
1935 H. A. L. Fisher Europe 173 They had no philosophy of the state or belief in the regeneration of society through institutions.
1991 Jrnl. Theol. Stud. 42 100 These doctrines made a systematic distinction between justification (the external act by which God declares the sinner to be righteous) and sanctification or regeneration (the internal process of renewal within man).
ΚΠ
1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan iii. xli. 263 And therefore it is, that the time of his preaching is often by himself called the Regeneration.
3. Biology and Medicine. The formation of new tissue or cells; the natural replacement or repair of a lost or damaged part, organ, etc.; the formation of a new individual from part of an organism, often as a form of asexual reproduction. Also: an instance of this.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > animal body > general parts > [noun] > reproduction of parts
regeneration?a1425
reproduction1728
the world > health and disease > healing > recovery > process of healing of an injury, etc. > [noun] > regeneration of tissue
regeneration?a1425
the world > animals > animal body > general parts > constituent materials > [noun] > formation of new tissue
regeneration?a1425
the world > life > biology > biological processes > development, growth, or degeneration > [noun] > growth > formation or regeneration of parts
regeneration?a1425
organogeny1844
morphosis1857
organogenesis1865
angiogenesis1888
recrescence1890
neurotization1892
heteromorphosis1894
homoeosis1894
holomorphosis1901
homomorphosis1901
organ regeneration1923
neovascularization1952
?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 8 Herez & nailez..þof al þai be noȝt proprely membrez bot superfluiteez, Neþerlez þay haue a maner vtilitee & regeneracioun [?c1425 Paris waxinge; L. generationem]..To which bene verray regeneracioun [?c1425 Paris geting; L. regeneratio] & consolidacion, ffor þai ar gendred of blode, as flesh & grece.
c1425 tr. J. Arderne Treat. Fistula (Sloane 277) (1910) 27 (MED) Þai [sc. medicines] ar..of þe same vertu in regeneracion of flesch.
?1541 R. Copland Guy de Chauliac's Questyonary Cyrurgyens ii. sig. Bivv In asmoche as they haue..regeneracyon as the membres, they be called membres.
1565 J. Hall tr. Lanfranc Most Excellent Woorke Chirurg. ii. ix. 23 It neadeth nothinge but regeneration of the fleshe, and healinge vp of the Vlcer.
1617 J. Woodall Surgions Mate 131 The medicaments incarnatiue, or for regeneration of flesh.
1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica 127 Spermaticall parts..will not admit a Regeneration . View more context for this quotation
1740 J. Sparrow tr. H. F. Le Dran Observ. Surg. (ed. 2) xxiv. 85 There was a sensible Regeneration of the Dura Mater.
1795 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 85 183 The regeneration of the nerves which took place in the first dog.
1836–9 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. II. 45/2 We are not aware that the process of regeneration in these animals has been carefully traced.
1872 T. H. Huxley Lessons Elem. Physiol. (ed. 6) i. 18 The local death of some tissues is followed by their regeneration.
1901 T. H. Morgan Regeneration i. 23 The word ‘regeneration’ has come to mean, in general usage, not only the replacement of a lost part, but also the development of a new, whole organism, or even a part of an organism, from a piece of an adult, or of an embryo, or of an egg.
a1933 J. A. Thomson Biol. for Everyman (1934) I. viii. 152 In their power of regeneration (or replacement of lost parts) earthworms are able to hold their own in the face of much persecution.
2005 Daily Tel. 12 Oct. 10/7 During salamander regeneration, specialised cells ‘de-differentiate’ to form ‘blastema’ cells that can rebuild a limb or organ.
4. Forestry. The renewal of a tree crop or the regrowth of a forest, by natural or artificial means. Frequently attributive.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > by growth or development > defined by habit > tree or woody plant > wood or assemblage of trees or shrubs > [noun] > regrowth or advance growth
regeneration1834
advance growth1882
natural regeneration1889
the world > plants > by growth or development > defined by habit > tree or woody plant > wood or assemblage of trees or shrubs > [adjective] > of regrowth
regeneration1909
1834 Tait's Edinb. Mag. New Ser. 1 665/1 The new system of silvan-culture introduced by Violaines, for the regeneration of the Royal forests.
1909 P. T. Maw Pract. Forestry ix. 183 A Seed Felling or Regeneration Felling is made when a good seed year has come. As its name implies, it is the felling made for the actual regeneration of the area.
1936 Times 14 Sept. 13/7 Old methods of planting and of forest regeneration are changing under scientific guidance.
1977 J. L. Harper Population Biol. Plants xxiii. 746 This gives a ‘regeneration cycle’ in which a whole Beech–ash woodland may maintain an equilibrium condition.
2005 C. Tudge Secret Life Trees ix. 178 The levees of the Mississippi have hugely reduced the natural regeneration of the native P. deltoides.
5.
a. Chemistry and Textiles. The action or process of regenerating a polymer or fibre.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > chemical reactions or processes > [noun] > chemical reactions or processes (named) > miscellaneous other processes
redintegrationa1550
decoction1555
fixion1555
cementation1592
fumigation1617
spiritualization1651
retortion1657
rocking1673
phosphorizationa1687
concentration1689
humectation1706
animalization1733
hyperoxygenation1793
bituminization1804
assimilation1830
metamorphosis1843
transformation1857
retorting1858
tincturation1860
regeneration1869
nitrification1880
diagenesis1886
aluminothermy1900
aluminothermics1902
photoprocess1910
olation1931
mass transfer1937
reconcentration1956
tritiation1961
borohydride reduction1965
1869 Chem. News 1 Oct. 38/2 Easily saponifiable by alkalies, with regeneration of cellulose.
1910 Jrnl. Industr. & Engin. Chem. 2 104/2 There is no mention under ‘Viscose’ of the regeneration of cellulose through decomposition of the material.
1950 R. W. Moncrieff Artificial Fibres ii. 20 The original cotton had consisted of short, hairy, nearly opaque fibres, and after regeneration it consisted of very long, smooth, transparent filaments, but it was still the same essential material.
1953 Chem. Abstr. 47 643 (heading) Regeneration of egg albumins under pressure.
2001 A. G. Wilkes in C. Woodings Regenerated Cellulose Fibres iii. 54 High salt figure viscose requires more time for complete regeneration.
b. Chemistry and Biochemistry. The restoration of the activity of a catalyst, ion-exchange resin, adsorbent, etc.
ΚΠ
1908 W. M. Bayliss Nature Enzyme Action vi. 40 Nitrosulphonic acid..decomposed with formation of sulphuric acid and regeneration of the catalyst.
1945 H. S. Bell Amer. Petroleum Refining (ed. 3) xvii. 262 Twenty minutes for regeneration of the catalyst.
1980 Desalination 34 190 The regeneration of the ion exchange resin with external supply of chemicals could be economically feasible in isolated cases only.
2008 J. A. Dorsch & S. E. Dorsch Understanding Anesthesia Equipm. (ed. 5) ix. 232/1 The amount of regeneration depends on how long the absorbent is rested.
6. Engineering. The use of heat that would otherwise be lost from a furnace, engine, etc., to preheat the cooler incoming air or fuel, in order to increase efficiency. Cf. regenerator n. 2a.
ΚΠ
1882 Electrician 25 Feb. 236/1 The hot products of combustion are utilised to warm the incoming air... A recent and beautiful application of this simple method of regeneration is the new gas burner of Frederick Siemens.
1903 Science 20 Nov. 651/1 The degeneration of heat from high to low temperature is compensated by the regeneration of heat into work.
1981 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 78 31/1 Liquids can work in heat engine cycles that employ regeneration.
2007 W. D. Turner in F. Kreith & D. Y. Goswami Handbk. Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy xvii. 11 The simple-cycle gas turbine uses no external techniques such as regeneration to improve its efficiency.
7. Electronics.
a. Amplification of a current through the return of some of the output to the input, in phase with the input; positive feedback. Frequently attributive.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electronics > electronic phenomena > signal > [noun] > feedback
feedback1920
regeneration1920
superregeneration1922
1920 Jrnl. Washington Acad. Sci. 10 175 With a heterodyne coupling too loose to give the best signal, autodyne regeneration increased the strength of signal.
1936 Pop. Mech. July 126 a/2 Adjust the regeneration control to a point just beyond where oscillation begins.
1957 Pract. Wireless 33 694/1 The hole is used..in the next stage for a regeneration control.
1969 J. J. Sparkes Transistor Switching iii. 74 Regeneration will only commence provided the loop gain..is greater than 1.
2006 F. Preve Remixer's Bible v. 107 By boosting the input level or regeneration of a delay line that's synced to the same tempo as the arpeggiator, you can turn a dry one-note line into a vivid chord pattern.
b. The process of regenerating a signal that has suffered corruption or loss of amplitude.
ΚΠ
1923 Brit. Patent 196,980 4/1 The duplication of the relays with alternate operation allows of increase of the speed of signalling while providing for effective and complete regeneration of the signals.
1959 U.S. Patent 2,877,359 1 Signal regeneration is effected by applying a biasing signal as a train of pulses.
1989 P. Horowitz & W. Hill Art of Electronics (ed. 2) viii. 471/2 Digital regeneration at each stage guarantees noiseless transmission.
2008 Broadcast Engin. (Nexis) 1 Oct. 12 There are applications in fiber-optic communications where a signal requires regeneration and replication.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2009; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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n.c1384