单词 | queath |
释义 | † queathn. Obsolete. A speech, an address; (as a mass noun) speech, talk. Also: a sound, a cry. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > [noun] > that which is or can be spoken speechc897 saw9.. speech971 wordOE quideOE wordsOE wordOE thingOE rouna1225 mouthc1225 queatha1250 breathc1300 reasonc1300 speakingsa1325 swarec1325 saying1340 voicec1350 lorea1375 sermonc1385 carpc1400 gear1415 utterancec1454 parol1474 ditty1483 say1571 said1578 dictumc1586 palabra1600 breathing1606 bringinga1616 elocution?1637 rumblea1680 elocutive1821 vocability1841 deliverance1845 deliverment1850 deliverancy1853 verbalization1858 voicing1888 sayable1937 a1250 (?c1200) Prov. Alfred (Galba) (transcript of damaged MS) (1955) 74 Wise weren the cweðen [a1275 Trin. Cambr. sawen; a1300 Jesus Oxf. wordes] the saide the King Alfred. a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 4011 Balaac misliked al ðis queðe. c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) 1150 (MED) At þe fyrst quethe of þe quest quaked þe wylde. 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid v. ii. 102 Quairfor Enee begouth again renew His faderis hie saull queith. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2007; most recently modified version published online December 2021). † queathv.α. Old English cuæðes (Northumbrian), Old English cueðes (Northumbrian), Old English cuist, Old English cuoeðas (Northumbrian), Old English cuoeðes (Northumbrian), Old English cuoeðest (Northumbrian), Old English cwæst, Old English cwæþst, Old English cwæðst, Old English cwest, Old English cweðes (Northumbrian), Old English cweþest, Old English cweðest, Old English cweþst, Old English cweðst, Old English cwist, Old English cwiðst, Old English cwoeðes (Northumbrian), Old English cwyst, Old English cwyþst, Old English cwyðst, late Old English cwetst, late Old English cwytst. β. Old English coðas (Northumbrian), Old English cuoðas (Northumbrian). (iii). 3rd singular Old English coeðes (Northumbrian), Old English cueoeð (Northumbrian), Old English cueð, Old English cueðæs (Northumbrian), Old English cueðas (Northumbrian), Old English cueðes (Northumbrian), Old English cuęðes (Northumbrian), Old English cuið, Old English cuoeðæs (Northumbrian), Old English cuoeðas (Northumbrian), Old English cuoeðað (Northumbrian), Old English cuoeðes (Northumbrian), Old English cuoeðeð (Northumbrian), Old English cweoðas (Northumbrian), Old English cweoðað (Northumbrian), Old English cweþ, Old English cweð, Old English cweþaþ (Mercian), Old English cweðes (Northumbrian), Old English cwiþ, Old English cwið, Old English cwiþeð, Old English cwð, Old English cwyþ, Old English cwyð, Old English cwyþeð, Old English cwyðð, Old English–early Middle English cweþeð, Old English–early Middle English cweðeð, late Old English cweþæþ, late Old English cweðæt, early Middle English cwæð, early Middle English cweð, early Middle English cwiðð, early Middle English cwyd, Middle English queþ. (iv). Pluralα. Old English coeða (Northumbrian), Old English coeðas (Northumbrian), Old English cuæðas (Northumbrian), Old English cuedes (Northumbrian), Old English cueðas (Northumbrian), Old English cueðað, Old English cuoæðas (Northumbrian), Old English cuoaðas (Northumbrian), Old English cuoede (Northumbrian), Old English cuoeða (Northumbrian), Old English cuoeðas (Northumbrian), Old English cuoeðað (Northumbrian), Old English cuoęðað (Northumbrian), Old English cwæþaþ, Old English cwæþað, Old English cwæðað, Old English cweaðas (Northumbrian), Old English cweaðað (Mercian), Old English cwedaþ, Old English cweodaþ (Mercian), Old English cweoðas (Northumbrian), Old English cweoþaþ (Mercian), Old English cweoþað (Mercian), Old English cweoðaþ (Anglian), Old English cweoðað (Anglian), Old English cweþæþ, Old English cweþæð, Old English cweðæþ, Old English cweðæð, Old English cweþaþ, Old English cweðaþ, Old English cweðað, Old English cweþe (before personal pronoun), Old English cweðe (chiefly before personal pronoun), Old English cweðes (Northumbrian), Old English cweþeð, Old English cweðeð, Old English cwoeðas (Northumbrian), Old English cwyðaþ, Old English–early Middle English cwæðaþ, Old English–early Middle English cweþað. β. Old English cuoðað (Northumbrian). c. Imperative. (i). Singular Old English cuęð (Northumbrian), Old English cuoeð (Northumbrian), Old English cwæþ, Old English cwæð, Old English cwet, Old English cweþ, Old English cweð, Old English cweðð, Old English–early Middle English cwed, late Old English cwæt. (ii). Pluralα. Old English cweþat, Old English cweþaþ, Old English cweþað, Old English cweðaþ, Old English cweðað. β. Old English cuoðas (Northumbrian). 2. Past tense. a. Strong: see quoth v. b. Weak Middle English qwithit (in a late copy), late Middle English queþed, late Middle English queved (probably transmission error), late Middle English withid. 3. Past participle. a. Strong Old English cueden, Old English cuoeden (Northumbrian), Old English cuoeðen (Northumbrian), Old English cwæden, Old English cweden, Old English cwęden, Old English cwedyn, Old English cweþen, Old English cweðen, Old English cwoeden (Northumbrian), Old English gecoeden (Northumbrian), Old English gecueden, Old English gecuedon (Northumbrian), Old English gecuoeden (Northumbrian), Old English gecuoedon (Northumbrian), Old English gecuoeðen (Northumbrian), Old English gecwæden, Old English gecwædon, Old English gecwedæn, Old English gecwedan, Old English gecweden, Old English gecwedyn, Old English gecweðen, Old English gicueden (Northumbrian), Old English gicweden (Northumbrian), Old English–early Middle English gecwedon, late Old English cwiden, late Old English gecwæðen, early Middle English gecwede, early Middle English gecweþon, early Middle English icwæden, early Middle English icwædene, early Middle English icwædon, early Middle English icwede, early Middle English icweden, early Middle English icwedon, early Middle English icweþe, early Middle English icweðe, early Middle English icweðen, Middle English iqueþe, Middle English iqueðe, Middle English iqueðen, Middle English iqueðene, Middle English queden, Middle English queðen, Middle English yquethe. b. Weak 1500s queythed. Obsolete. 1. a. To speak, say, tell. (a) transitive. Without direct speech. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > speak, say, or utter [verb (transitive)] speakc825 queatheOE forthdoc900 i-seggenc900 sayeOE speak971 meleOE quidOE spella1000 forthbringc1000 givec1175 warpa1225 mootc1225 i-schirea1250 upbringa1250 outsay?c1250 spilec1275 talec1275 wisea1300 crackc1315 nevena1325 cast1330 rehearsec1330 roundc1330 spend1362 carpa1375 sermona1382 to speak outc1384 usea1387 minc1390 pronouncea1393 lancec1400 mellc1400 nurnc1400 slingc1400 tellc1400 wordc1400 yelpc1400 worka1425 utterc1444 outspeakc1449 yielda1450 arecchec1460 roose?a1475 cutc1525 to come forth with1532 bubble1536 prolate1542 report1548 prolocute1570 bespeak1579 wield1581 upbraid1587 up with (also mid) ——1594 name1595 upbrayc1600 discoursea1616 tonguea1616 to bring out1665 voice1665 emit1753 lip1789 to out with1802 pitch1811 go1836 to open one's head1843 vocabulize1861 shoot1915 verbal1920 be1982 the mind > language > speech > agreement > promise > promise, vow, or pledge [verb (intransitive)] queatheOE sweara900 fangc1175 behightc1275 to make (hold, pay, keep, yield or break) a vowc1290 vowa1325 avowc1400 to plight (one's) faithc1410 promitc1422 promise1447 creance1477 to take in vow1526 votec1540 depose1610 vum1785 to nail down1859 pledge1928 eOE (Mercian) Vespasian Psalter (1965) xli. 11 Dum dicitur mihi per singulos dies, ubi est deus tuus : ðonne bið cweden to me ðorh syndrie dægas hwer is god ðin. OE Blickling Homilies 153 Þa eode se ealdorman þara Iudea & þara sacerda & wæs cweþende swa him ær bebead se eadga Petrus. a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 37 Do summe of þisse þinge þe ic wulle nu cweþen. a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 3525 Her nu quat god sal more queðen. c1450 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Ashm.) 4325 (MED) I sall quethe þe forqui & quat is þe cause. (b) transitive. With direct speech. ΚΠ OE Old Eng. Hexateuch: Exod. (Claud.) iv. 23 Ic cweðe: Forlæt minne sunu þæt he ðeowige me. OE Ælfric Homily (Cambr. Ii.4.6) in J. C. Pope Homilies of Ælfric (1967) I. 489 We cweðað, AMEN. lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough interpolation) anno 656 Seo papa seonde þa his writ þus cwæðend: ‘Ic Uitalianus papa [etc.].’ a1300 in R. Morris Old Eng. Misc. (1872) 100 Gabriel hire grette, þus queþinde: ‘Edy beo þu, mayde.’ b. intransitive. quick and queathing: alive and able to speak. ΘΚΠ the world > life > source or principle of life > [adjective] > opposed to inanimate quickeOE livelyOE animatea1398 quick and queathing?a1475 vitala1513 animated1568 animal1599 animant1678 inanimated1689 vivified1767 animastic1794 vitalic1848 the mind > language > speech > [adjective] > speaking > able or given to speak reasonablea1387 quick and queathing?a1475 articulate1531 extemporal1588 extemporanean1621 extemporizing1644 expressible1661 speakable1667 extemporaneous1812 extempore1817 ?a1475 Ludus Coventriae (1922) 335 (MED) To all my bretheryn I xal go telle how þat ȝe be man levynge, quyk and qwethynge, of flesch and ffelle. 1529 T. More Dialogue Heresyes i, in Wks. 131/2 A man and a woman whyche are yet quicke and quething. 1546 Bp. S. Gardiner Declar. True Articles 39 b I meruayle where he had lerned that lesson being yet quicke and quethynge. 1558 Speciall Grace after Banket at Yorke sig. d.iiiv Our Bisshops, our suffragans, our doctours.., whearof many yet aliue both quick and queathyng. 2. a. transitive. To proclaim; to declare or pronounce (a person or thing) to be something. ΚΠ lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough interpolation) anno 963 Ðas land & ealla þa oðre þe lin into þe mynstre þa cwede ic scyr... Þas rihting & ealle oðre ða cweðe ic scyr Crist & S. Peter. ?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) (1996) i. 1218 With luf & leue he quede [a1450 Lamb. queþe] vs quite, and gyf vs schippes in to wende. b. transitive. To promise. rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > agreement > promise > promise or vow [verb (transitive)] swearc825 hightOE behighta1000 behestc1175 bespeakc1320 queatha1325 vow1338 avowc1374 undertakec1385 forhighta1400 forsweara1400 hest14.. promitc1422 promise1430 protest1430 to swear outa1440 to swear to ——1598 pollicitate1657 a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 2788 Nu am ic ligt to fren hem ðeðen, And milche and hunige lond hem queðen. 3. a. transitive. To give (something) up, renounce. ΚΠ c1225 (?c1200) Hali Meiðhad (Bodl.) (1940) l. 611 (MED) Hwen þi were..sið..þet his fa forlið þe..he forheccheð þe anan..& cweðeð þe al cwite him þet tu of temest. c1225 (?c1200) St. Katherine (Bodl.) (1981) 321 (MED) For þi þet ha [sc. pagan books] beoð ful of idel ȝelp..al ich forsake ham her ant cweðe al scher [v.r. sker] up. b. transitive. To grant or give; to assign by will, to bequeath. ΘΚΠ society > law > transfer of property > testamentary disposition > bequeath by will [verb (transitive)] leaveOE bequeath1066 queatha1325 let1340 dowc1374 bequest1394 wit1394 devise1395 give1420 willc1460 test1491 legacy1546 legate1546 league1623 legatee1797 a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 1496 Sel me ðo wunes, Ðe queðen ben ðe firme sunes. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1874) V. 321 (MED) I queþe me to þe trone of þat Iuge þat nevere haþ ende. a1400 (c1303) R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne (Harl.) 6292 (MED) Hous and rente and ouþer þyng Mow þey [sc. fathers] queþe at here endyng. a1450 Seven Sages (Cambr. Dd.1.17) (1845) l. 97 (MED) Al that evere I have done I queth ȝou, sire emperoure. 1463 in S. Tymms Wills & Inventories Bury St. Edmunds (1850) 16 (MED) I geue and qwethe to Willm Hussher iij s. iiij d. a1475 (?a1430) J. Lydgate tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage Life Man (Vitell.) 4794 My body I quethe also To the sepulkre for dayes thre. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 676/2 Hath he queythed you any thyng in his testament? c. transitive. Perhaps: to bestow, deliver. rare. ΚΠ c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy 6973 To Qwintilion the quem he qwithit a dynt, Woundit hym wickidly. Compounds queath word n. a legacy, a bequest. ΘΚΠ society > law > transfer of property > testamentary disposition > [noun] > a bequest or legacy quideOE questc1300 queath worda1425 legate1438 witting1483 bequest1496 legation1503 legacy1514 bequeathmenta1627 questword1792 bequeathing1855 a1425 Medulla Gram. (Stonyhurst) f. 37 Legatum, a queþe worde. 1469 M. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 350 It is a fowle slaundere that he was so wurchepfull beried and his qwethword not parfourmed. 1581 Aldeburgh Rec. in Notes & Queries 12th Ser. 7 402/2 Pd to John Tedboll for his queathe woorde of John Bec iiizi vis viiid. Derivatives queathing n. rare bequeathing. ΚΠ c1400 J. Wyclif Sel. Eng. Wks. (1871) III. 373 By beggynge, byqueethyng [v.r. *queþinge], by birying, by salaries and trentals..[they] cryen evere after worldly godis. queathing word n. rare a last farewell to a person who is dying. ΚΠ 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid ix. viii. 62 Thi last regrait and quething wordis to say. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2007; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.a1250v.eOE |
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