quaternizev.

Brit.

/ˈkwɒtənʌɪz/, U.S.

/ˈkwɑdərˌnaɪz/

Forms: 1900s– quaternise, 1900s– quaternize.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: quaternary adj., -ize suffix.

Etymology: < quatern- (in quaternary adj.) + -ize suffix.

Chemistry.

1. transitive. To convert (an atom or compound, esp. a tertiary amine) into a quaternary form.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > [verb (intransitive)] > to convert to organic compounds

quaternize1932

the world > matter > chemistry > chemical reactions or processes > subject to chemical reactions or processes [verb (transitive)] > subject to named chemical reaction or process > subject to quaternization

quaternize1932

1932 Jrnl. Amer. Chem. Soc. 54 4176 The chemistry of the substituted methylenediamines gives support to this mechanism. Attempts to quaternize them fail.

1951 Jrnl. Polymer Sci. 6 513 We may consider the butyl salt to be a chain polymer with approximately every other pyridine quaternized.

1970 J. Williamson in H. W. Mulligan Afr. Trypanosomiases vii. 167 The dimethylated diamino dye, Acridinium Yellow, in which the ring N atom was quaternized.

1991 Intl. Jrnl. Cosmetic Sci. 13 169 This reaction sequence overcame the steric hindrance problems encountered in unsuccessful attempts to quaternize halogen groups attached directly to the main chain.

2. intransitive. Of an atom or compound: to be converted into a quaternary form.

ΚΠ

1950 Jrnl. Amer. Chem. Soc. 72 1596/2 The success of the cyclization reaction depends upon the choice of a tertiary amine, which does not quaternize readily with a sulfonic ester.

2002 Tetrahedron Lett. 43 900/1 It was postulated that the product 9 was just as likely to quaternise with iodomethane under the reaction conditions as the starting material 8.

Derivatives

quaterniˈzation n. the process of quaternizing a compound or atom.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > chemical reactions or processes > [noun] > chemical reactions or processes (named) > quaternization

quaternization1932

1932 Jrnl. Amer. Chem. Soc. 54 4175 The quaternization of the nitrogen..tends to stabilize negative groups in the alpha position.

1948 Science 23 Jan. 95/1 Quaternization of the amino nitrogen of the aliphatic series invariably results in greater pharmacological potency.

1988 F. A. Cotton & G. Wilkinson Adv. Inorg. Chem. (ed. 5) xi. 385 The tetrahedron can be completed by ‘quaternization’ (formal addition of R⁺ or H⁺) to give cations, for example, PR₄⁺.

ˈquaternized adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > chemical reactions or processes > [adjective] > of or relating to named chemical reactions or processes > having undergone quaternization

quaternized1940

1940 Jrnl. Amer. Chem. Soc. 62 3030/1 On treatment of the high boiling fraction with methyl iodide a quaternized salt was obtained.

1951 Jrnl. Polymer Sci. 6 523 Quaternized copolymers of styrene and 4-vinylpyridine.

1990 BioFactors 2 149/1 The tertiary amine could be activated for methyl transfer by two electron oxidation, giving rise to a quaternized sp² nitrogen (1) or (2).

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	quaternize
释义	quaternizev. Brit. /ˈkwɒtənʌɪz/, U.S. /ˈkwɑdərˌnaɪz/ Forms: 1900s– quaternise, 1900s– quaternize. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: quaternary adj., -ize suffix. Etymology: < quatern- (in quaternary adj.) + -ize suffix. Chemistry. 1. transitive. To convert (an atom or compound, esp. a tertiary amine) into a quaternary form. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > [verb (intransitive)] > to convert to organic compounds quaternize1932 the world > matter > chemistry > chemical reactions or processes > subject to chemical reactions or processes [verb (transitive)] > subject to named chemical reaction or process > subject to quaternization quaternize1932 1932 Jrnl. Amer. Chem. Soc. 54 4176 The chemistry of the substituted methylenediamines gives support to this mechanism. Attempts to quaternize them fail. 1951 Jrnl. Polymer Sci. 6 513 We may consider the butyl salt to be a chain polymer with approximately every other pyridine quaternized. 1970 J. Williamson in H. W. Mulligan Afr. Trypanosomiases vii. 167 The dimethylated diamino dye, Acridinium Yellow, in which the ring N atom was quaternized. 1991 Intl. Jrnl. Cosmetic Sci. 13 169 This reaction sequence overcame the steric hindrance problems encountered in unsuccessful attempts to quaternize halogen groups attached directly to the main chain. 2. intransitive. Of an atom or compound: to be converted into a quaternary form. ΚΠ 1950 Jrnl. Amer. Chem. Soc. 72 1596/2 The success of the cyclization reaction depends upon the choice of a tertiary amine, which does not quaternize readily with a sulfonic ester. 2002 Tetrahedron Lett. 43 900/1 It was postulated that the product 9 was just as likely to quaternise with iodomethane under the reaction conditions as the starting material 8. Derivatives quaterniˈzation n. the process of quaternizing a compound or atom. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > chemical reactions or processes > [noun] > chemical reactions or processes (named) > quaternization quaternization1932 1932 Jrnl. Amer. Chem. Soc. 54 4175 The quaternization of the nitrogen..tends to stabilize negative groups in the alpha position. 1948 Science 23 Jan. 95/1 Quaternization of the amino nitrogen of the aliphatic series invariably results in greater pharmacological potency. 1988 F. A. Cotton & G. Wilkinson Adv. Inorg. Chem. (ed. 5) xi. 385 The tetrahedron can be completed by ‘quaternization’ (formal addition of R⁺ or H⁺) to give cations, for example, PR₄⁺. ˈquaternized adj. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > chemical reactions or processes > [adjective] > of or relating to named chemical reactions or processes > having undergone quaternization quaternized1940 1940 Jrnl. Amer. Chem. Soc. 62 3030/1 On treatment of the high boiling fraction with methyl iodide a quaternized salt was obtained. 1951 Jrnl. Polymer Sci. 6 523 Quaternized copolymers of styrene and 4-vinylpyridine. 1990 BioFactors 2 149/1 The tertiary amine could be activated for methyl transfer by two electron oxidation, giving rise to a quaternized sp² nitrogen (1) or (2). This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < v.1932
随便看	fetidity fetidly fetidness fetidnesses fetiferous feting fetiparous fetish fetish object fetish phoenix fetish-bird fetish-ceremony fetish-day fetish-gold fetish-house fetish-man fetish-monger fetish-priest fetish-woman fetish-word fetish-worship fetish-worshipper fetish-worshipping fetishbird fetishceremony