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单词 bedlam
释义

bedlamn.

Brit. /ˈbɛdləm/, U.S. /ˈbɛdləm/
Forms: Old English–Middle English betleem, Middle English beþþleæm, Middle English–1500s beth(e)leem, Middle English bedleem, Middle English–1700s bethlem, 1500s– bethlehem, Middle English–1600s bedlem, Middle English bedelem, 1500s bedleme, 1500s–1600s bedlame, 1500s– bedlam.
Etymology: Middle English Bedlem = Bethlem, Bethlehem; applied to the Hospital of St. Mary of Bethlehem, in London, founded as a priory in 1247, with the special duty of receiving and entertaining the bishop of St. Mary of Bethlehem, and the canons, etc. of this, the mother church, as often as they might come to England. In 1330 it is mentioned as ‘an hospital,’ and in 1402 as a hospital for lunatics (Timbs); in 1346 it was received under the protection of the city of London, and on the Dissolution of the Monasteries, it was granted to the mayor and citizens, and in 1547 incorporated as a royal foundation for the reception of lunatics. Thence the modern sense, of which instances appear early in 16th cent.
†1. The town of Bethlehem in Judea. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > named regions of earth > named cities or towns > [noun] > in Middle East and Asia Minor
bedlam971
Troy-bane1652
971 Blickl. Hom. 93 Þa he on Betleem wæs acenned.
c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 3360 He borenn iss I daviþþ kingess chesstre. Þatt iss ȝehatenn beþþleæm.
c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 31 And tealde þe herdes þe wakeden ouer here oref biside þe burch belleem [? betleem].
c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Luke ii. 4 A cite of Dauith, that is clepid Bedleem [a1425 L.V. Bethleem].
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 11234 Þat blisful birþ in bethleem [ Gött. betheleem, c1460 Laud bedlem].
c1440 Lay-Folks Mass-bk. C. 109 Ihesu, þat was in bedlem borne.
1601 J. Marston et al. Iacke Drums Entertainm. v. sig. I M. Mamon is in a Citie of Iurye, called Bethlem, Alias plaine Bedlame.
2. The Hospital of St. Mary of Bethlehem, used as an asylum for the reception and treatment of the mentally ill; originally situated in Bishopsgate, in 1676 rebuilt near London Wall, and in 1815 transferred to Lambeth. Jack o' Bedlam: a madman (cf. Tom o' Bedlam n. at Tom n.1 Compounds 1b(b)).
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > mental health > mental illness > mentally ill person > [noun] > mad person
woodman1297
madmanc1330
lunatic1377
franticc1380
madwomana1438
March harec1500
Bedlam beggar1525
fanaticc1525
bedlama1529
frenetic1528
Jack o' Bedlam1528
Tom o' Bedlam1569
crack-brain1570
madbrain1570
Tom1575
madcap1589
gelt1596
madhead1600
brainsick1605
madpash1611
non compos1628
madling1638
bedlam-man1658
bedlamerc1675
fan1682
bedlamite1691
cracka1701
lymphatic1708
shatter-brain1719
mad1729
maniaca1763
non compos mentis1765
shatter-pate1775
shatter-wit1775
insane1786
craze1831
dement1857
crazy1867
crackpot1883
loony1884
bug1885
psychopath1885
dingbat1887
psychopathic1890
ding-a-ling1899
meshuggener1900
détraqué1902
maddiea1903
nut1908
mental1913
ding1929
lakes1934
wack1938
fruitcake1942
nutty1942
barm-pot1951
nutcake1953
nutter1958
nutcase1959
nut job1959
meshuga1962
nutsy1964
headcase1965
nutball1968
headbanger1973
nutso1975
wacko1977
nut bar1978
mentalist1990
the world > health and disease > healing > places for the sick or injured > [noun] > hospital or infirmary > hospital for the mentally ill > specific
bedlam1528
Broadmoor1868
1528 W. Tyndale Obed. Christen Man f. xxxvjv For they..doo thinges which they of Bedlem maye se, that they are but madnes.
1550 J. Heywood Hundred Epigrammes xliii. sig. Bvii Than forthwith art Thou skippyng, Lyke Iacke of bedlem in and out whippyng.
1589 Pappe with Hatchet (1844) 34 Could sute them in no place but in Bedlam and Bridewell.
1594 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 2 v. i. 130 What is he mad? to Bedlem with him.
1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear ii. 131 With a sith like them of Bedlam . View more context for this quotation
1678 J. Evelyn Mem. (1857) II. 126 I went to see new Bedlam Hospital..most sweetly placed in Moorfields, since the dreadful fire.
1867 G. MacDonald Ann. Quiet Neighbourhood I. xi. 371 There was I..in as strait a jacket as ever poor wretch in Bedlam.
3.
a. In extended use: an asylum for the mentally ill; a madhouse, ‘lunatic asylum’.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > places for the sick or injured > [noun] > hospital or infirmary > hospital for the mentally ill
bedlam-house1525
dull-house1622
madhouse1649
bedlam1663
lunatic hospital1762
asylum1776
retreat1796
lunatic house1813
lunatic asylum1828
maison de santé1843
idiot asylum1848
rat house1854
bughouse1887
Colney Hatch1891
booby hatch1896
mental hospital1898
booby house1900
nut factory1900
nut collegec1906
nuthouse1906
monkey house1910
booby-hutch1914
nuttery1915
loony bin1919
nut hatch1928
silly house1930
bin1938
snake-pit1947
funny farm1950
1663 L. Womock Aron-bimnucha or Antidote to cure Calamites 32 The Bedlam..the skrews..are the best instances of our kindness.
1699 J. Pomfret Love Triumphant 170 'Twas both an hospital and bedlam too.
1702 C. Mather Magnalia Christi vii. iv. 23/1 A Bethlehem seems to have been fitter for them than a Gallows.
a1743 Ld. Hervey Beauties Eng. (1804) I. 106 Those virgins act a wiser part Who hospitals and bedlams would explore.
b. abstract. Madness, lunacy. Also as interjection.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > mental health > mental illness > [noun] > insanity or madness
woodnessc1000
woodshipc1000
madshipc1225
woodc1275
woodhead1303
ragec1330
amentiaa1398
madnessa1398
frenzy?a1400
madheada1400
maddingc1400
alienation?a1425
furiosity?a1475
derverye1480
forcenery1480
furiousnessc1500
unwitness1527
unwitting1527
demencya1529
straughtness1530
insaniea1538
brainsickness1541
lunacy1541
amenty1557
distraughtness1576
dementation?1583
straughtedness1583
insanity1590
crazedness1593
bedlam1598
dementia1598
insanation1599
non compos mentis1607
distraction1609
daffinga1614
disinsanitya1625
cerebrosity1647
vecordy1656
fanaticness1662
non-sanity1675
insaneness1730
craziness1755
hydrophobia1760
vecord1788
derangement1800
vesania1800
a screw loose1810
unsoundness1825
dementedness1833
craze1841
psychosis1847
crackiness1861
feyness1873
crack1891
meshugas1898
white ant1908
crackedness1910
pottiness1933
loopiness1939
wackiness1941
screwballism1942
kink1959
1598 J. Marston Certaine Satyres in Metamorph. Pigmalions Image 53 Bedlame, Frenzie, Madnes, Lunacie, I challenge all your moody Empery.
1640 W. Habington Queene of Arragon sig. I3 Bedlam this is pretty sport.
4. figurative. A scene of mad confusion or uproar.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > order > disorder > confusion or disorder > commotion, disturbance, or disorder > [noun] > (a) noisy > place or situation
Paris gardena1633
bear garden1640
bedlam1661
garden-Paris1663
pandemonium1755
1661 A. Cowley Vision Cromwell 6 Thou doest..A Babel, and a Bedlam grow.
1713 R. Steele in Guardian 12 Aug. 1/2 Our House is a sort of Bedlam, and nothing in Order.
1850 T. Carlyle Latter-day Pamphlets viii. 39 That all this was a Donnybrook Bedlam,..proceeding nowhither.
†5. An inmate of Bethlehem Hospital, London, or of a lunatic asylum, or one fit for such a place, a madman; spec. one of the discharged, but often only half-cured, patients of the former, who were licensed to beg, wearing as a badge a tin plate on their left hand or arm. Also called Bedlam-beggar (Bedlam beggar at Compounds), bedlamer (bedlamer n.1), bedlamite (bedlamite n.). Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > mental health > mental illness > mentally ill person > [noun] > mad person
woodman1297
madmanc1330
lunatic1377
franticc1380
madwomana1438
March harec1500
Bedlam beggar1525
fanaticc1525
bedlama1529
frenetic1528
Jack o' Bedlam1528
Tom o' Bedlam1569
crack-brain1570
madbrain1570
Tom1575
madcap1589
gelt1596
madhead1600
brainsick1605
madpash1611
non compos1628
madling1638
bedlam-man1658
bedlamerc1675
fan1682
bedlamite1691
cracka1701
lymphatic1708
shatter-brain1719
mad1729
maniaca1763
non compos mentis1765
shatter-pate1775
shatter-wit1775
insane1786
craze1831
dement1857
crazy1867
crackpot1883
loony1884
bug1885
psychopath1885
dingbat1887
psychopathic1890
ding-a-ling1899
meshuggener1900
détraqué1902
maddiea1903
nut1908
mental1913
ding1929
lakes1934
wack1938
fruitcake1942
nutty1942
barm-pot1951
nutcake1953
nutter1958
nutcase1959
nut job1959
meshuga1962
nutsy1964
headcase1965
nutball1968
headbanger1973
nutso1975
wacko1977
nut bar1978
mentalist1990
the world > health and disease > healing > patient > [noun] > in hospital > of Bedlam or lunatic asylum
bedlama1529
bedlamite1691
the world > health and disease > healing > patient > [noun] > out-patient > of Bedlam
bedlama1529
the mind > possession > poverty > mendicancy > [noun] > beggar > Bedlam beggar
Bedlam beggar1525
bedlama1529
Tom1575
a1529 J. Skelton Why come ye nat to Courte (?1545) 653 Such a madde bedleme For to rewle this reame.
1541 R. Barnes Wks. (1573) 294/2 A scorge to tame those bedlames with.
1545 M. Coverdale tr. Erasmus Shorte Recap. Enchiridion iii. sig. Biiij The worlde iudgeth us to be fooles..and to be mad bedlems.
1594 T. Bowes tr. P. de la Primaudaye French Acad. II. 169 The veriest bedlems that can be.
1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues at Affamé A hungry Boore is halfe a bedlam.
1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy ii. iv. i. v. 447 Such raging Bedlams as are tied in chaines.
1629 L. Owen Speculum Iesuiticum (new ed.) 37 The Duke imagining him to bee a foole, or a bedlem..let him goe.
1678 J. Bunyan Pilgrim's Progress 123 Some [said] they were Bedlams . View more context for this quotation
1709 J. Swift Mrs. Harris's Petition in Baucis & Philemon (new ed.) 12 She roar'd like a Bedlam.
6. attributive, passing into adj. Of, belonging to, or fit for Bedlam or a madhouse; mad, foolish.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > mental health > mental illness > [adjective] > insanity or madness > affected with
woodc725
woodsekc890
giddyc1000
out of (by, from, of) wit or one's witc1000
witlessc1000
brainsickOE
amadc1225
lunaticc1290
madc1330
sickc1340
brain-wooda1375
out of one's minda1387
frenetica1398
fonda1400
formada1400
unwisea1400
brainc1400
unwholec1400
alienate?a1425
brainless1434
distract of one's wits1470
madfula1475
furious1475
distract1481
fro oneself1483
beside oneself1490
beside one's patience1490
dementa1500
red-wood?1507
extraught1509
misminded1509
peevish1523
bedlam-ripe1525
straughta1529
fanatic1533
bedlama1535
daft1540
unsounda1547
stark raving (also staring) mad1548
distraughted1572
insane1575
acrazeda1577
past oneself1576
frenzy1577
poll-mad1577
out of one's senses1580
maddeda1586
frenetical1588
distempered1593
distraught1597
crazed1599
diswitted1599
idle-headed1599
lymphatical1603
extract1608
madling1608
distracteda1616
informala1616
far gone1616
crazy1617
March mada1625
non compos mentis1628
brain-crazed1632
demented1632
crack-brained1634
arreptitiousa1641
dementate1640
dementated1650
brain-crackeda1652
insaniated1652
exsensed1654
bedlam-witteda1657
lymphatic1656
mad-like1679
dementative1685
non compos1699
beside one's gravity1716
hyte1720
lymphated1727
out of one's head1733
maddened1735
swivel-eyed1758
wrong1765
brainsickly1770
fatuous1773
derangedc1790
alienated1793
shake-brained1793
crack-headed1796
flighty1802
wowf1802
doitrified1808
phrenesiac1814
bedlamite1815
mad-braineda1822
fey1823
bedlamitish1824
skire1825
beside one's wits1827
as mad as a hatter1829
crazied1842
off one's head1842
bemadded1850
loco1852
off one's nut1858
off his chump1864
unsane1867
meshuga1868
non-sane1868
loony1872
bee-headed1879
off one's onion1881
off one's base1882
(to go) off one's dot1883
locoed1885
screwy1887
off one's rocker1890
balmy or barmy on (or in) the crumpet1891
meshuggener1892
nutty1892
buggy1893
bughouse1894
off one's pannikin1894
ratty1895
off one's trolley1896
batchy1898
twisted1900
batsc1901
batty1903
dippy1903
bugs1904
dingy1904
up the (also a) pole1904
nut1906
nuts1908
nutty as a fruitcake1911
bugged1920
potty1920
cuckoo1923
nutsy1923
puggled1923
blah1924
détraqué1925
doolally1925
off one's rocket1925
puggle1925
mental1927
phooey1927
crackers1928
squirrelly1928
over the edge1929
round the bend1929
lakes1934
ding-a-ling1935
wacky1935
screwball1936
dingbats1937
Asiatic1938
parlatic1941
troppo1941
up the creek1941
screwed-up1943
bonkers1945
psychological1952
out to lunch1955
starkers1956
off (one's) squiff1960
round the twist1960
yampy1963
out of (also off) one's bird1966
out of one's skull1967
whacked out1969
batshit1971
woo-woo1971
nutso1973
out of (one's) gourd1977
wacko1977
off one's meds1986
the world > health and disease > healing > places for the sick or injured > [adjective] > hospital > mental hospital
bedlama1535
a1535 T. More Wks. (1557) 16 The rauing of bethlem people.
1575 G. Turberville Bk. Faulconrie 254 Falcons..when they bee impacient and bedlam in the mewe.
1600 W. Shakespeare Henry V v. i. 18 Ha, art thou bedlem?
1642 J. Milton Apol. Smectymnuus 20 But this which followes is plaine bedlam stuffe.
1788 W. Cowper Table Talk 609 Anacreon, Horace, play'd..This Bedlam part.

Compounds

Nouns, as Bedlam beggar (cf. 5), bedlam-house, bedlam-man; adjs., as bedlam-mad, bedlam-ripe, bedlam-witted.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > mental health > mental illness > [adjective] > insanity or madness > affected with
woodc725
woodsekc890
giddyc1000
out of (by, from, of) wit or one's witc1000
witlessc1000
brainsickOE
amadc1225
lunaticc1290
madc1330
sickc1340
brain-wooda1375
out of one's minda1387
frenetica1398
fonda1400
formada1400
unwisea1400
brainc1400
unwholec1400
alienate?a1425
brainless1434
distract of one's wits1470
madfula1475
furious1475
distract1481
fro oneself1483
beside oneself1490
beside one's patience1490
dementa1500
red-wood?1507
extraught1509
misminded1509
peevish1523
bedlam-ripe1525
straughta1529
fanatic1533
bedlama1535
daft1540
unsounda1547
stark raving (also staring) mad1548
distraughted1572
insane1575
acrazeda1577
past oneself1576
frenzy1577
poll-mad1577
out of one's senses1580
maddeda1586
frenetical1588
distempered1593
distraught1597
crazed1599
diswitted1599
idle-headed1599
lymphatical1603
extract1608
madling1608
distracteda1616
informala1616
far gone1616
crazy1617
March mada1625
non compos mentis1628
brain-crazed1632
demented1632
crack-brained1634
arreptitiousa1641
dementate1640
dementated1650
brain-crackeda1652
insaniated1652
exsensed1654
bedlam-witteda1657
lymphatic1656
mad-like1679
dementative1685
non compos1699
beside one's gravity1716
hyte1720
lymphated1727
out of one's head1733
maddened1735
swivel-eyed1758
wrong1765
brainsickly1770
fatuous1773
derangedc1790
alienated1793
shake-brained1793
crack-headed1796
flighty1802
wowf1802
doitrified1808
phrenesiac1814
bedlamite1815
mad-braineda1822
fey1823
bedlamitish1824
skire1825
beside one's wits1827
as mad as a hatter1829
crazied1842
off one's head1842
bemadded1850
loco1852
off one's nut1858
off his chump1864
unsane1867
meshuga1868
non-sane1868
loony1872
bee-headed1879
off one's onion1881
off one's base1882
(to go) off one's dot1883
locoed1885
screwy1887
off one's rocker1890
balmy or barmy on (or in) the crumpet1891
meshuggener1892
nutty1892
buggy1893
bughouse1894
off one's pannikin1894
ratty1895
off one's trolley1896
batchy1898
twisted1900
batsc1901
batty1903
dippy1903
bugs1904
dingy1904
up the (also a) pole1904
nut1906
nuts1908
nutty as a fruitcake1911
bugged1920
potty1920
cuckoo1923
nutsy1923
puggled1923
blah1924
détraqué1925
doolally1925
off one's rocket1925
puggle1925
mental1927
phooey1927
crackers1928
squirrelly1928
over the edge1929
round the bend1929
lakes1934
ding-a-ling1935
wacky1935
screwball1936
dingbats1937
Asiatic1938
parlatic1941
troppo1941
up the creek1941
screwed-up1943
bonkers1945
psychological1952
out to lunch1955
starkers1956
off (one's) squiff1960
round the twist1960
yampy1963
out of (also off) one's bird1966
out of one's skull1967
whacked out1969
batshit1971
woo-woo1971
nutso1973
out of (one's) gourd1977
wacko1977
off one's meds1986
the world > health and disease > mental health > mental illness > mentally ill person > [noun] > mad person
woodman1297
madmanc1330
lunatic1377
franticc1380
madwomana1438
March harec1500
Bedlam beggar1525
fanaticc1525
bedlama1529
frenetic1528
Jack o' Bedlam1528
Tom o' Bedlam1569
crack-brain1570
madbrain1570
Tom1575
madcap1589
gelt1596
madhead1600
brainsick1605
madpash1611
non compos1628
madling1638
bedlam-man1658
bedlamerc1675
fan1682
bedlamite1691
cracka1701
lymphatic1708
shatter-brain1719
mad1729
maniaca1763
non compos mentis1765
shatter-pate1775
shatter-wit1775
insane1786
craze1831
dement1857
crazy1867
crackpot1883
loony1884
bug1885
psychopath1885
dingbat1887
psychopathic1890
ding-a-ling1899
meshuggener1900
détraqué1902
maddiea1903
nut1908
mental1913
ding1929
lakes1934
wack1938
fruitcake1942
nutty1942
barm-pot1951
nutcake1953
nutter1958
nutcase1959
nut job1959
meshuga1962
nutsy1964
headcase1965
nutball1968
headbanger1973
nutso1975
wacko1977
nut bar1978
mentalist1990
the world > health and disease > healing > places for the sick or injured > [noun] > hospital or infirmary > hospital for the mentally ill
bedlam-house1525
dull-house1622
madhouse1649
bedlam1663
lunatic hospital1762
asylum1776
retreat1796
lunatic house1813
lunatic asylum1828
maison de santé1843
idiot asylum1848
rat house1854
bughouse1887
Colney Hatch1891
booby hatch1896
mental hospital1898
booby house1900
nut factory1900
nut collegec1906
nuthouse1906
monkey house1910
booby-hutch1914
nuttery1915
loony bin1919
nut hatch1928
silly house1930
bin1938
snake-pit1947
funny farm1950
the mind > possession > poverty > mendicancy > [noun] > beggar > Bedlam beggar
Bedlam beggar1525
bedlama1529
Tom1575
1525 W. Tyndale Prol. to N.T. Prol. Who ys..so bedlem madde to affyrm that good is the naturall cause of yuell?
1533 T. More Answere Poysened Bk. Pref. sig. Aa.vii More bedelem rype than this boke is.
1556 J. Heywood Spider & Flie lxxxiv. 28 Beetill blind, and bedlem mad.
1572 R. Harrison tr. L. Lavater Of Ghostes i. ii. 13 Bedleme houses where mad and frantike men are kepte.
1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear vii. 180 The Countrie giues me proofe and president Of Bedlam beggers. View more context for this quotation
a1657 G. Daniel Poems (1878) I. 60 All Bedlam-witted, walke in Bedlem wise.
1658 J. Ussher Ann. World (1688) vi. 106 Like a bedlam-man.
1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. III. vi. vii. 388 Hardly audible amid the Bedlam-storm.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online December 2020).
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