postmastern.¹

Brit.

/ˈpəʊs(t)ˌmɑːstə/,

/ˈpəʊs(t)ˌmastə/, U.S.

/ˈpoʊs(t)ˌmæstər/

Forms: see post n.³ and master n.¹ and adj.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding; probably modelled on a German lexical item. Etymons: post n.³, master n.¹

Etymology: < post n.³ + master n.¹, probably after German Postmeister (c1490), the title of Francis de Taxis (Franz von Taxis, Francesco de Tassis; 1459–1517), founder of the Imperial mail service. Compare post-classical Latin magister postarum (16th cent. in British and continental sources), French maître de poste (1520 as maître de postes), Italian maestro delle poste (a1562; compare maestro de' corrier (a1492)).

1. A person who has official charge of the post.

a. Originally: an officer in charge of the system of postal messengers in a particular country, sovereignty, etc. Also figurative. Now historical.The office gradually developed into that of postmaster general: see postmaster general n.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > correspondence > postal services > [noun] > official of the post

postmaster1513

post-officer1669

postmistress1697

1513 in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1827) 2nd Ser. I. 210 Whilst I have no postis at my command,..I do my dwte in wrytynge & spende monney to send my lettyrs to th' Emperours post~mastir.

1574–5 in W. H. Turner Select. Rec. Oxf. (1880) 376 Item, payed for charges bestowed uppon M^r. Gasquyner the Quenes post master.

1606 T. Dekker Newes from Hell sig. D2 The Post-master of Hell plainely told them, that if any so Seditious a fellow as gold, were cast into Prison: their fathers would neuer giue their consent to haue him ransom'd.

1625 J. Chamberlain Let. 28 May in R. F. Williams Birch's Court & Times Charles I (1848) (modernized text) I. 24 Questor was overthrown this day sevennight in a suit about the postmaster's office, wherein the Lord Stanhope prevailed against him.

1708 London Gaz. No. 4455/2 Count Paar, Post-Master of the Hereditary Countries, goes with her..Majesty as far as Holland.

a1790 B. Franklin Autobiogr. (1981) iii. 101 His Refusal, while Postmaster, to permit my Papers being carried by the Riders.

1809 S. T. Coleridge Let. (1959) III. 162 Ambleside & Windermere receive such a Vast of Letters, that we think of making an application to the Post Master, Mr Freeling, signed by the Bishop, Llandaff.

1982 S. B. Flexner Listening to Amer. 281 Franklin was appointed postmaster of Philadelphia in 1737.

b. In the 17th and 18th centuries: the official at each of the stations or stages of a post-road, whose primary duty it was to carry the mail to the next stage, and to receive and deliver or send out letters for his own town or district. See post n.³ 1. Now historical and rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > correspondence > postal services > [noun] > official of the post > at stage on post road

postmaster1603

mail-master1855

mail-officer1867

1603 in Rep. Secret Comm. P.O. (1844) 38 It is fit and convenient, in this time so full of busines, that the postemasters of every stage be aided and assisted with fresh and able horses.

1637 in Hist. MSS Comm.: MSS Duke of Rutland (1905) IV. 529 in Parl. Papers (Cd. 2606) LXIII. 301 Payd to a messenger that came from the postmaster of Newarke.., 2s.

1681 R. Boyle Let. in Wks. (1772) I. p. clxxx I resolved to dispatch them by land to Chester, to the post-master of which place I got them particularly recommended by M^r. Dowlin, post-master of Dublin.

1707 J. Chamberlayne Angliæ Notitia (ed. 22) iii. 442 Upon this grand Office depends 182 Deputy-Post-Masters in England and Scotland, most of which keep regular Offices in their Stages, and Sub-Post-Masters in their Branches.

1772 Ann. Reg. 1771 98/2 The court gave judgment,..declaring, that by the several acts relating to the post-office, all letters must be delivered by the post-master of every post-town, to the persons to whom such letters are directed.

1893 H. Joyce Hist. Post Office vi. 48 These stages [of the post roads, in 17th cent.] were presided over by..postmasters, whose duty it was to carry the mails each over his own stage.

c. A person (formerly esp. a man) having official charge of a post office, and supervising the business transacted there. Cf. postmistress n.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > correspondence > postal services > [noun] > official of the post > postmaster general

postmaster general1626

postmaster1849

PMG1851

1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. viii. 350 The letter addressed to William Lloyd, Bishop of Norwich, was, in spite of all precautions, detained by a postmaster.

1861 Times 28 Aug. 6/4 Every entry..is attested by the dated stamp of the office, the depositor, too, signing his own name. This is the acknowledgement given on the part of the local postmaster.

1937 H. Jennings et al. May 12th Mass-observ. Day-surv. i. i. 51 A day or two after this my wife went into the post office. The postmaster did not seem to approve of the tea.

1944 Newsweek 29 May 72 Manhattan's postmaster, Albert Goldman, doubtful as to the mailability of ‘Strange Fruit’.

1991 M. Tully No Full Stops in India (1992) vii. 213 A police constable arrived during the cremation—apparently he had been informed about the sati by the village postmaster and the patwari or land-records official.

†2. The person in charge of a posting station, who provides horses for posting; the proprietor or manager of a posting establishment; = jobmaster n. 1. Obsolete.Cf. early use of sense 1b; the postmasters who carried the mail were the only people licensed to let horses to travellers.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > transport by relays of horses or vehicles > [noun] > travelling by means of post-horses > officials

Master of the Posts1528

postmaster1581

horser1851

1581 G. Pettie tr. S. Guazzo Ciuile Conuersat. (1586) ii. 85 The Postmaister [Fr. maistre de la poste] came unto him, and called twice aloude..and forthwith there came out of the Stable a foule greate Groome..who had charge giuen him to make readie three horses.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Merry Wives of Windsor (1623) v. v. 184 It was not Anne, but a Post-masters boy.

1659 Orig. Jrnls. House of Commons 10 June 47 219 The humble peticion of the seuerall Postmast^rs of England in behalf of themselves &..families was this day read.

1763 T. Smollett Let. 19 Oct. in Trav. France & Italy (1979) 68 I resolved to chide the post-master..the traveller who comes first shall be first served.

1810 Sporting Mag. 35 56 The defendant is a licenced post-master in the city of London, and had let a chaise and pair of horses for the day.

1840 Penny Cycl. XVIII. 461/1 That revenue can be raised on posting, without the government acting as a postmaster, we have England for an example.

1865 W. E. Gladstone Financial Statem. 84 I believe the largest post-masters in the kingdom are in London, and that their principal traffic is to the railway stations.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

postmastern.²

Brit.

/ˈpəʊs(t)ˌmɑːstə/,

/ˈpəʊs(t)ˌmastə/, U.S.

/ˈpoʊs(t)ˌmæstər/

Forms:

α. 1500s postmaister, 1500s– postmaster.

β. 1500s post mynster.

Origin: Of uncertain origin. Perhaps a variant or alteration of another lexical item.. Perhaps a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: portionist n.; Latin portionista.

Etymology: Origin uncertain; perhaps an alteration of portionist n. (although this is first attested slightly later) or its etymon post-classical Latin portionista, after master n.¹ or perhaps postmaster n.¹; with the β form perhaps compare minister n.The word has also been explained as an alteration of an unattested post-classical Latin form *post-magister or *post-minister (although compare the English form post mynster ), on account of the fact that the scholars were at one time servitors to the Masters or Fellows, perhaps standing behind their chairs at dinner, etc. But neither *post-magister nor *post-minister occurs in the college register, where the term used appears always to be portionista . In quots. 1552 and 1593 with reference to Postmasters' Hall , the dwelling opposite to the college in which the scholars had resided until c1575, when they were moved into the college. Compare quot. a1672¹ at portionist n. 1a.

At Merton College, Oxford: the title given, from the 16th cent., to a recipient of the benefaction instituted in 1380 by John Wylyot; = portionist n. 1a.In quot. 1562 used to denote the benefaction itself.In more recent times used to denote the holder of a major award on the foundation. Since 1986 postmasterships have been awarded only as college prizes.

ΘΚΠ

society > education > learning > learner > college or university student > [noun] > student receiving allowance

sizer1303

demya1486

postmaster1552

portionist1562

sizar1588

subsister?1589

subsizara1592

servitor1626

taberdar1648

semi-commoner1691

1552 in Reg. of Leases (Magdalen Coll., Oxf.: EL/5) f. 39 A garden..extending from Postmaister Hawle on the west parte unto a little layn leading from Awborne Hawle unto the High Strete.

1562 in E. M. Thompson & W. H. Frere Registrum Matthei Parker (1928) II. 703 James Leche..saieth that Mr. Potte hathe a postmaster which dothe not goe to logicke, but is putt into the house by the Chauncelor of Exeter.

1593 J. Leach Let. 31 Mar. in Merton Coll. Reg. By the ordinacion of my predecessor John Wiliett, founder of postm^rs hall.

1639 W. Laud Let. 6 May in Merton Coll. Reg. That no Postmaster shall hold his place after that he hath gotten his grace to be a Graduate in the University.

1647 A. Wood Life & Times (1891) I. 135 Samuel Jones was made from being a servitour of All Soules College, either a postmaster or a pro-postmaster.

1655 T. Fuller Church-hist. Brit. iii. 77 Much honoured, in that Bishop Jewel was a postmaster before removed hence to be Fellow of Corpus Christi Colledg.

1738 Defoe's Tour Great Brit. (ed. 2) II. 209 Merton College... This College has 1 Warden, 20 Fellows, 14 Portionists, or Post-Masters, &c.

1853 ‘C. Bede’ Adventures Mr. Verdant Green vii. 62 At Merton there are fourteen postmasters.

1911 Encycl. Brit. XXV. 865 Five years afterwards he [sc. Steele] proceeded to Christ Church, Oxford, and was a postmaster at Merton when Addison was a demy at Magdalen.

1997 Independent (Nexis) 30 Oct. e7 I became the top ‘Postmaster’ (as scholars are called at Merton) and did VSO in India for a year.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

postmastern.³

Brit.

/ˈpəʊs(t)ˌmɑːstə/,

/ˈpəʊs(t)ˌmastə/, U.S.

/ˈpoʊs(t)ˌmæstər/, Canadian English

/ˈpoːs(t)ˌmæstər/

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: post n.⁵, master n.¹

Etymology: < post n.⁵ + master n.¹

Canadian. Now historical.

The master of a fur-trading post.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > trader > [noun] > master of trading post in North America

truck-master1694

postmaster1829

booshway1850

1829 Minutes Council Northern Dept. Rupert Land in Publ. Hudson's Bay Rec. Soc. (1940) 3 237 (table) Summer Arrangements. Saskatchewan..Jaspers Ho. a Post Master and 1 man.

?1829 Minutes Council Northern Dept. Rupert Land in Publ. Hudson's Bay Rec. Soc. (1940) 3 236 Post Masters Are a Class which ranks in the Service between Interpreters & Clerks. They are generally persons who while filling the office of common Labourers..were..raised from the ‘ranks’ and placed in charge of small Posts at Salys. from 35 to £45 p. Annm.

1953 A. R. M. Lower Unconventional Voy. 33 The postmaster at Attawapiskat..was minus the toes on his right foot.

1974 R. C. Harris & J. W. Warketin Canada before Confederation (1991) vi. 262 In an attempt to diversify diets and to ensure a more regular food supply many post masters planted gardens.

1993 Beaver Apr. 38/1 He was promoted to postmaster..and in the fall of 1833 he was sent to Fort Simpson.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

n.¹1513

n.²1552

n.³1829

单词	postmaster
释义	postmastern.¹ Brit. /ˈpəʊs(t)ˌmɑːstə/, /ˈpəʊs(t)ˌmastə/, U.S. /ˈpoʊs(t)ˌmæstər/ Forms: see post n.³ and master n.¹ and adj. Origin: Formed within English, by compounding; probably modelled on a German lexical item. Etymons: post n.³, master n.¹ Etymology: < post n.³ + master n.¹, probably after German Postmeister (c1490), the title of Francis de Taxis (Franz von Taxis, Francesco de Tassis; 1459–1517), founder of the Imperial mail service. Compare post-classical Latin magister postarum (16th cent. in British and continental sources), French maître de poste (1520 as maître de postes), Italian maestro delle poste (a1562; compare maestro de' corrier (a1492)). 1. A person who has official charge of the post. a. Originally: an officer in charge of the system of postal messengers in a particular country, sovereignty, etc. Also figurative. Now historical.The office gradually developed into that of postmaster general: see postmaster general n. ΘΚΠ society > communication > correspondence > postal services > [noun] > official of the post postmaster1513 post-officer1669 postmistress1697 1513 in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1827) 2nd Ser. I. 210 Whilst I have no postis at my command,..I do my dwte in wrytynge & spende monney to send my lettyrs to th' Emperours post~mastir. 1574–5 in W. H. Turner Select. Rec. Oxf. (1880) 376 Item, payed for charges bestowed uppon M^r. Gasquyner the Quenes post master. 1606 T. Dekker Newes from Hell sig. D2 The Post-master of Hell plainely told them, that if any so Seditious a fellow as gold, were cast into Prison: their fathers would neuer giue their consent to haue him ransom'd. 1625 J. Chamberlain Let. 28 May in R. F. Williams Birch's Court & Times Charles I (1848) (modernized text) I. 24 Questor was overthrown this day sevennight in a suit about the postmaster's office, wherein the Lord Stanhope prevailed against him. 1708 London Gaz. No. 4455/2 Count Paar, Post-Master of the Hereditary Countries, goes with her..Majesty as far as Holland. a1790 B. Franklin Autobiogr. (1981) iii. 101 His Refusal, while Postmaster, to permit my Papers being carried by the Riders. 1809 S. T. Coleridge Let. (1959) III. 162 Ambleside & Windermere receive such a Vast of Letters, that we think of making an application to the Post Master, Mr Freeling, signed by the Bishop, Llandaff. 1982 S. B. Flexner Listening to Amer. 281 Franklin was appointed postmaster of Philadelphia in 1737. b. In the 17th and 18th centuries: the official at each of the stations or stages of a post-road, whose primary duty it was to carry the mail to the next stage, and to receive and deliver or send out letters for his own town or district. See post n.³ 1. Now historical and rare. ΘΚΠ society > communication > correspondence > postal services > [noun] > official of the post > at stage on post road postmaster1603 mail-master1855 mail-officer1867 1603 in Rep. Secret Comm. P.O. (1844) 38 It is fit and convenient, in this time so full of busines, that the postemasters of every stage be aided and assisted with fresh and able horses. 1637 in Hist. MSS Comm.: MSS Duke of Rutland (1905) IV. 529 in Parl. Papers (Cd. 2606) LXIII. 301 Payd to a messenger that came from the postmaster of Newarke.., 2s. 1681 R. Boyle Let. in Wks. (1772) I. p. clxxx I resolved to dispatch them by land to Chester, to the post-master of which place I got them particularly recommended by M^r. Dowlin, post-master of Dublin. 1707 J. Chamberlayne Angliæ Notitia (ed. 22) iii. 442 Upon this grand Office depends 182 Deputy-Post-Masters in England and Scotland, most of which keep regular Offices in their Stages, and Sub-Post-Masters in their Branches. 1772 Ann. Reg. 1771 98/2 The court gave judgment,..declaring, that by the several acts relating to the post-office, all letters must be delivered by the post-master of every post-town, to the persons to whom such letters are directed. 1893 H. Joyce Hist. Post Office vi. 48 These stages [of the post roads, in 17th cent.] were presided over by..postmasters, whose duty it was to carry the mails each over his own stage. c. A person (formerly esp. a man) having official charge of a post office, and supervising the business transacted there. Cf. postmistress n. ΘΚΠ society > communication > correspondence > postal services > [noun] > official of the post > postmaster general postmaster general1626 postmaster1849 PMG1851 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. viii. 350 The letter addressed to William Lloyd, Bishop of Norwich, was, in spite of all precautions, detained by a postmaster. 1861 Times 28 Aug. 6/4 Every entry..is attested by the dated stamp of the office, the depositor, too, signing his own name. This is the acknowledgement given on the part of the local postmaster. 1937 H. Jennings et al. May 12th Mass-observ. Day-surv. i. i. 51 A day or two after this my wife went into the post office. The postmaster did not seem to approve of the tea. 1944 Newsweek 29 May 72 Manhattan's postmaster, Albert Goldman, doubtful as to the mailability of ‘Strange Fruit’. 1991 M. Tully No Full Stops in India (1992) vii. 213 A police constable arrived during the cremation—apparently he had been informed about the sati by the village postmaster and the patwari or land-records official. †2. The person in charge of a posting station, who provides horses for posting; the proprietor or manager of a posting establishment; = jobmaster n. 1. Obsolete.Cf. early use of sense 1b; the postmasters who carried the mail were the only people licensed to let horses to travellers. ΘΚΠ society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > transport by relays of horses or vehicles > [noun] > travelling by means of post-horses > officials Master of the Posts1528 postmaster1581 horser1851 1581 G. Pettie tr. S. Guazzo Ciuile Conuersat. (1586) ii. 85 The Postmaister [Fr. maistre de la poste] came unto him, and called twice aloude..and forthwith there came out of the Stable a foule greate Groome..who had charge giuen him to make readie three horses. a1616 W. Shakespeare Merry Wives of Windsor (1623) v. v. 184 It was not Anne, but a Post-masters boy. View more context for this quotation 1659 Orig. Jrnls. House of Commons 10 June 47 219 The humble peticion of the seuerall Postmast^rs of England in behalf of themselves &..families was this day read. 1763 T. Smollett Let. 19 Oct. in Trav. France & Italy (1979) 68 I resolved to chide the post-master..the traveller who comes first shall be first served. 1810 Sporting Mag. 35 56 The defendant is a licenced post-master in the city of London, and had let a chaise and pair of horses for the day. 1840 Penny Cycl. XVIII. 461/1 That revenue can be raised on posting, without the government acting as a postmaster, we have England for an example. 1865 W. E. Gladstone Financial Statem. 84 I believe the largest post-masters in the kingdom are in London, and that their principal traffic is to the railway stations. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). postmastern.² Brit. /ˈpəʊs(t)ˌmɑːstə/, /ˈpəʊs(t)ˌmastə/, U.S. /ˈpoʊs(t)ˌmæstər/ Forms: α. 1500s postmaister, 1500s– postmaster. β. 1500s post mynster. Origin: Of uncertain origin. Perhaps a variant or alteration of another lexical item.. Perhaps a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: portionist n.; Latin portionista. Etymology: Origin uncertain; perhaps an alteration of portionist n. (although this is first attested slightly later) or its etymon post-classical Latin portionista, after master n.¹ or perhaps postmaster n.¹; with the β form perhaps compare minister n.The word has also been explained as an alteration of an unattested post-classical Latin form post-magister or post-minister (although compare the English form post mynster ), on account of the fact that the scholars were at one time servitors to the Masters or Fellows, perhaps standing behind their chairs at dinner, etc. But neither post-magister nor post-minister occurs in the college register, where the term used appears always to be portionista . In quots. 1552 and 1593 with reference to Postmasters' Hall , the dwelling opposite to the college in which the scholars had resided until c1575, when they were moved into the college. Compare quot. a1672¹ at portionist n. 1a. At Merton College, Oxford: the title given, from the 16th cent., to a recipient of the benefaction instituted in 1380 by John Wylyot; = portionist n. 1a.In quot. 1562 used to denote the benefaction itself.In more recent times used to denote the holder of a major award on the foundation. Since 1986 postmasterships have been awarded only as college prizes. ΘΚΠ society > education > learning > learner > college or university student > [noun] > student receiving allowance sizer1303 demya1486 postmaster1552 portionist1562 sizar1588 subsister?1589 subsizara1592 servitor1626 taberdar1648 semi-commoner1691 1552 in Reg. of Leases (Magdalen Coll., Oxf.: EL/5) f. 39 A garden..extending from Postmaister Hawle on the west parte unto a little layn leading from Awborne Hawle unto the High Strete. 1562 in E. M. Thompson & W. H. Frere Registrum Matthei Parker (1928) II. 703 James Leche..saieth that Mr. Potte hathe a postmaster which dothe not goe to logicke, but is putt into the house by the Chauncelor of Exeter. 1593 J. Leach Let. 31 Mar. in Merton Coll. Reg. By the ordinacion of my predecessor John Wiliett, founder of postm^rs hall. 1639 W. Laud Let. 6 May in Merton Coll. Reg. That no Postmaster shall hold his place after that he hath gotten his grace to be a Graduate in the University. 1647 A. Wood Life & Times (1891) I. 135 Samuel Jones was made from being a servitour of All Soules College, either a postmaster or a pro-postmaster. 1655 T. Fuller Church-hist. Brit. iii. 77 Much honoured, in that Bishop Jewel was a postmaster before removed hence to be Fellow of Corpus Christi Colledg. 1738 Defoe's Tour Great Brit. (ed. 2) II. 209 Merton College... This College has 1 Warden, 20 Fellows, 14 Portionists, or Post-Masters, &c. 1853 ‘C. Bede’ Adventures Mr. Verdant Green vii. 62 At Merton there are fourteen postmasters. 1911 Encycl. Brit. XXV. 865 Five years afterwards he [sc. Steele] proceeded to Christ Church, Oxford, and was a postmaster at Merton when Addison was a demy at Magdalen. 1997 Independent (Nexis) 30 Oct. e7 I became the top ‘Postmaster’ (as scholars are called at Merton) and did VSO in India for a year. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). postmastern.³ Brit. /ˈpəʊs(t)ˌmɑːstə/, /ˈpəʊs(t)ˌmastə/, U.S. /ˈpoʊs(t)ˌmæstər/, Canadian English /ˈpoːs(t)ˌmæstər/ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: post n.⁵, master n.¹ Etymology: < post n.⁵ + master n.¹ Canadian. Now historical. The master of a fur-trading post. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > trader > [noun] > master of trading post in North America truck-master1694 postmaster1829 booshway1850 1829 Minutes Council Northern Dept. Rupert Land in Publ. Hudson's Bay Rec. Soc. (1940) 3 237 (table) Summer Arrangements. Saskatchewan..Jaspers Ho. a Post Master and 1 man. ?1829 Minutes Council Northern Dept. Rupert Land in Publ. Hudson's Bay Rec. Soc. (1940) 3 236 Post Masters Are a Class which ranks in the Service between Interpreters & Clerks. They are generally persons who while filling the office of common Labourers..were..raised from the ‘ranks’ and placed in charge of small Posts at Salys. from 35 to £45 p. Annm. 1953 A. R. M. Lower Unconventional Voy. 33 The postmaster at Attawapiskat..was minus the toes on his right foot. 1974 R. C. Harris & J. W. Warketin Canada before Confederation (1991) vi. 262 In an attempt to diversify diets and to ensure a more regular food supply many post masters planted gardens. 1993 Beaver Apr. 38/1 He was promoted to postmaster..and in the fall of 1833 he was sent to Fort Simpson. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹1513n.²1552n.³1829
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postmastern.1

postmastern.2

postmastern.3

postmastern.¹

postmastern.²

postmastern.³