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单词 pompeian
释义

Pompeiann.1adj.1

Brit. /pɒmˈpeɪən/, /pɒmˈpiːən/, U.S. /pɑmˈpeɪən/, /pɑmˈpiən/
Forms: 1500s– Pompeian, 1600s Pompejan, 1600s–1700s Pompeyan.
Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin Pompēiānus.
Etymology: < classical Latin Pompēiānus of or belonging to Pompey, follower of Pompey (referring either to Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus, 106–48 b.c., or to his son, Sextus Pompeius, c67–35 b.c.) < the name of Pompēius Pompey + -ānus -an suffix.
A. n.1 Roman History.
A supporter or associate of the Roman statesman and general Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus, or of his son Sextus Pompeius.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > rule or government > politics > other national politics > [noun] > partisans in ancient Roman politics
Pompeian1539
Sullan1866
Pompeyite1878
1539 R. Morison tr. Frontinus Strategemes & Policies Warre iii. sig. K vi Whan Ategua a cytie in Spayne, was in the Ciuyle warre besyeged of the Pompeians.
1559 R. Crowley Lanquet's Epitome of Crons. (new ed.) Pref. f. 85 In this yere he warred against the Pompeians in Aphrike, and vanquished theym at Tapsus.
1605 B. Jonson Sejanus iii. sig. Gv Oft Augustus call'd him a Pompeian: Yet this not hurt their friendship. View more context for this quotation
1632 R. Fage tr. P. de la Ramée P. Ramus his Dialectica I. v. 7 The Efficient is constrained to the Effect... There is one in the excuse of the Pompeians.
1728 J. Morgan Hist. Barbary Epitomiz'd in Compl. Hist. Algiers I. 33 As for Bocchus, he at last fell off from Cæsar's Alliance, and sent his sons to the Assistance of the Pompeians.
a1831 J. H. Newman in Encycl. Metrop. (1845) X. 281/2 Bent on retiring to the Pompeians in Sicily.
1908 W. W. Fowler Soc. Life Rome iii. 87 Some £17,500, all of which, while in deposit at Ephesus, was seized by the Pompeians in the Civil War.
1949 L. R. Taylor Party Politics in Age of Caesar viii. 171 Caesar also contributed by the policy he followed when..he came home from his victory over the Pompeians in Spain.
1974 E. S. Gruen Last Generation Rom. Republ. ii. 56 Bibulus and Domitius could be counted on by Cato for steady co~operation in reducing the influence of Cæsarians and Pompeians in Roman politics.
2000 Jrnl. Rom. Stud. 90 47 The coins..combine the head of Pompey on the obverse, and a series of images on the reverse, both evoking the mutual goodwill between the Pompeians and the cities of Spain.
B. adj.1
Of or relating to Pompey or his party.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > rule or government > politics > other national politics > [adjective] > partisans in ancient Roman politics
Pompeian1619
Sullan1866
1619 E. M. Bolton tr. Florus Rom. Hist. iv. ii. 430 Had not fiue cohorts of the Pompeian horse..giuen a semblant of flying.
1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan i. xii. 54 They..hope for good or evill luck, superstitiously, from things that have no part..in the causing of it: As the Athenians did for their war at Lepanto, demand another Phormio, the Pompeian faction for their warre in Afrique, another Scipio.
1713 tr. Plutarch Lives 231 Vanquishing the Pompeian Generals, and receiving their Army into his hands, he got all the Province.
a1831 J. H. Newman in Encycl. Metrop. (1845) X. 282/1 The remains of the Pompeian party.
1867 J. Lord Old Rom. World vi. 254 The Cornelian, Pompeian, and Julian laws formed the foundation of criminal jurisprudence.
1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 430/2 After the outbreak of the civil war he commanded the Pompeian troops at Corfinium, but was obliged to surrender.
2000 S. Connor Dumbstruck ii. 69 In the underworld too civil war rages between the Caesarian and Pompeian factions.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

Pompeiann.2adj.2

Brit. /pɒmˈpeɪən/, /pɒmˈpiːən/, U.S. /pɑmˈpeɪən/, /pɑmˈpiən/
Forms: 1600s– Pompeian, 1700s Pompejan, 1800s– Pompeiian.
Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin Pompeiānus.
Etymology: < classical Latin Pompeiānus of or relating to Pompeii, native or inhabitant of Pompeii < Pompēii , the name of an ancient city in western Italy + -ānus -an suffix.Pompeii was buried by an eruption of Mount Vesuvius in a.d. 79, and has been gradually excavated since 1755. N.E.D. (1907) gives the pronunciation as (pǫmpī·iăn) /pɒmˈpiːɪən/.
A. n.2
A native or inhabitant of Pompeii.
ΘΚΠ
the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > native or inhabitant of ancient or medieval Europe > native or inhabitant of states or regions Italy > [noun]
Albana1387
Latina1398
Venetian1432
Picentine1598
sybarite1598
Faliscan1600
Picene1601
sybaritan1608
Picenian1610
Peucetian1615
Pompeian1654
Praenestine1683
Iapygian1773
Messapian1773
Atestine1924
Cumaean1931
1654 S. Lennard tr. S. Mazzella Parthenopoeia i. 125 They were named the Pompeians [It. i Pompei] (as Solino affirmeth by Hercoles) which brought thither his oxen with great pomp from Spain. The Pompeians [It. Pompei] had a long Country full of goodly Villages.
1778 tr. A. Fortis Trav. into Dalmatia 187 The construction of arches, and vaults, in imitation of the Pompejans, who built theirs of the black pumices of Vesuvius.
1800 J. Hayter Herculanean & Pompeian MSS 10 More of the Herculaneans than the Pompeians escaped.
1840 Penny Cycl. XVIII. 380/2 The emperor Nero..adjudged that the Pompeians should be deprived of all theatrical amusements for ten years.
1869 ‘M. Twain’ Innocents Abroad xxxi. 330 Those Pompeiians were very luxurious in their tastes and habits.
1960 G. Westcott Images of Truth (1962) ii. 35 A sort of concavity..rather like the shapes of ancient Pompeians in the awful layers of ashes from Vesuvius.
1998 Amer. Jrnl. Archaeol. 102 401/1 All the notions of luxury and status that ancient Pompeians associated with..spaces for the display of art.
B. adj.2
Of or relating to Pompeii; characteristic or reminiscent of the culture of Roman Pompeii, esp. its painting or architecture.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > named regions of earth > named cities or towns > [adjective] > in Italy > ancient cities or towns
Venusian1616
Pompeian1662
Cumaean1731
Herculanean1780
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > period, movement, or school of art > ancient, primitive, or pre-Renaissance > [adjective] > Pompeiian
Pompeian1869
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > style of architecture > [adjective] > classical and neo-classical
all'antica1605
Palladian1731
Vitruvian1762
Adamatic1776
Corinthianesque1837
Adam1846
Corinthianizing1846
Pompeian1869
neoclassical1933
neo-Palladian1940
1662 W. Dugdale Hist. Imbanking & Drayning Fens iv. 6 That the Roman works of this nature, were not a few, and those very eminent, I shall next make manifest; by their drains in the Pompeian Marshes; the Fossa Mariana; [etc.].
1757 J. Dyer Fleece i. 7 Vesuvius, where the bow'rs of Bacchus rose, And Herculanean and Pompeian domes.
1834 E. Bulwer-Lytton Last Days of Pompeii I. i. iii. 38 A tolerable notion of the Pompeian houses.
1869 D. G. Rossetti Let. 21 Aug. (1965) II. 716 She built..a Pompeian house for the schoolmaster.
1939 A. Thirkell Before Lunch iv. 106 The ceiling..painted in what were called Pompeian colours.
1972 Sci. Amer. Sept. 86/1 The Pompeiian mosaic in the museum in Naples.
1992 Harpers & Queen Nov. 40/2 We settled into our neo-classical chairs and admired the Pompeian walls, expertly befrescoed in faux marble and trompe-l'oeil draperies.

Compounds

Pompeian red n. a shade of red resembling that found on the walls of houses in Pompeii; also as adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > [noun] > shades of red > other reds
madderOE
stammel colour1567
Paris red1600
strawberry red1675
strawberry1688
cornelian1718
dahlia1846
Pompeian red1868
crushed strawberry1881
wallflower red1883
framboise1895
raspberry1918
1868 Putnam's Mag. July 4/2 A broad, warm field of color—generally that which is now distinguished as ‘Pompeiian red’.
1874 Herald & Torch Light (Hagerstown, Maryland) 22 Apr. The new boot in Paris... A pink or Pompeian red silk stocking is seen through the open clover or diamond shaped design.
1969 F. Mowat Boat who wouldn't Float (1976) iii. 25 He pointed up the hill to a large house painted in wide horizontal stripes of puce, canary yellow, and Pompeian red.
2003 Times Lit. Suppl. 7 Nov. 20/1 Someone clearly thinks that our appetite for candlelit bodices, Pompeian Red drawing-rooms and sidewhiskers rages undimmed.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1adj.11539n.2adj.21654
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