plumagen.

Brit.

/ˈpluːmɪdʒ/, U.S.

/ˈplumɪdʒ/

Forms: Middle English plomage, Middle English–1600s plummage, Middle English– plumage, 1600s plumadge.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French plumage.

Etymology: Originally < Middle French plumage, plomage feathers of a bird collectively (1284 in Old French as plumage ), a person's (showy or distinctive) clothing (1668 in La Fontaine's fable Le corbeau et le renard ( Fables II. i), and now chiefly with allusion to La Fontaine's use; earlier in Old French (1280) and Middle French (beginning of the 15th cent.), both in apparently isolated attestations)) < plume plume n. + -age -age suffix. Sense 2 probably shows an English development; this sense is apparently not paralleled in French until later (1611 in Cotgrave; now regional and rare), although compare an earlier Middle French use in sense ‘goldsmith's ornamental work’ (1523 in an apparently isolated attestation); perhaps compare plumach n. Compare Catalan plomatge (16th cent.), Spanish plumaje (first half of the 14th cent. or earlier), Portuguese plumagem (14th cent. as promagẽes (plural)), Italian piumaggio (1476 as piomagio ; probably < French), all earliest in sense 1a.

a. The feathers of a bird collectively, frequently with reference to their colouring, arrangement, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > birds > feather > [noun] > collective or plumage

featherhama800

plumeOE

plumagec1395

feathera1400

shrouda1400

hacklea1450

plomaylec1475

pennage1591

gander's wool1600

feathering1721

plumery1795

plumeletage1855

c1395 G. Chaucer Squire's Tale 426 Ther nas neuere man yet on lyue, If that I koude a faukon wel discryue, That herde of swich another of fairnesse, As wel of plumage [v.r. plummage] as of gentillesse.

1481 W. Caxton tr. Myrrour of Worlde ii. xvi. 102 The pecock..is moche prowde of his fair fethers and plumage.

1486 Bk. St. Albans sig. Avij^v A Goshawke nor a tercell in thare sore aage haue nott thair mayles named bot it is calde their plumage, and after the cote it is calde theyr Maill.

1582 S. Batman Vppon Bartholome, De Proprietatibus Rerum xii. xxxiii. f. 188/1 Of the fethers of the Estridge, the plumage is made for Princes, and nobles to weare in their hats, caps, and other furniture.

1630 M. Drayton Noahs Floud in Muses Elizium 112 Pruning his plumage, clensing euery quill.

1678 J. Ray tr. F. Willughby Ornithol. 102 The feet [of the brown owl] are covered..with a thick dirty-white plumage.

1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory ii. xiii. 286/1 At the end of this Baldness..grew small long feathers, like certain rough curled hairs, standing up above the rest of the plummage.

1748 T. Gray Ode in R. Dodsley Coll. Poems II. 267 No painted plumage to display.

1779 T. Forrest Voy. New Guinea 66 He presented me with a Loorequet of beautiful plumage, mostly green and yellow.

1801 J. Strutt Glig-gamena Angel-ðeod ii. i. 54 We are not..to conclude, that the goose alone afforded the plumage for the arrows.

1859 C. Darwin Origin of Species i. 22 The period at which the perfect plumage is acquired varies.

1883 R. L. Stevenson Treasure Island xxii. 180 I..thought I could make out the bird by her bright plumage as she sat..upon her master's wrist.

a1933 J. A. Thomson Biol. for Everyman (1934) I. xx. 634 Redshanks are very beautiful birds..and the sexes are alike in plumage.

1953 N. Tinbergen Herring Gull's World xi. 98 In February, the gulls develop their wonderful white breeding plumage.

2002 G. M. Eberhart Mysterious Creatures II. 430/2 The Greater flamingo (Phoenicopterus ruber) has fiery-pink plumage.

†b. Falconry. Feathers given to a hawk to clean its gorge; a casting. Cf. casting n. 3c. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > hunting > hawking > [noun] > hawking procedures

casting1388

to come to reclaima1398

rebukingc1400

plumage?a1450

enseamingc1575

imping1575

mewing1575

weathering1575

manning1580

lure1614

carry1618

coping1855

seeling1859

?a1450 Percy Poem on Falconry (Yale) l. 238 in Studier i Modern Språkvetenskap (1968) 3 18 Yf þat þu kepe her tendirly Wyth chekons..and hote mete, Than shalt thou make her sykerly Here plumage keste.

a1475 Bk. Hawking (Harl. 2340) in Studia Neophilol. (1944) 16 6 Euer fede here with on-wasche mete; And loke þat here castynge be plumage.

1575 G. Turberville Bk. Faulconrie 117 Giue hir casting or plumage agayne, according as hir state dothe require.

1614 S. Latham Falconry Explan. Wordes sig. ¶2^v Plummage are small downie feather which the Hawke takes, or are giuen her for casting.

2. A bunch or tuft of feathers used as an ornament; a plume. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > parts of headgear > [noun] > plume (of feathers, etc.)

crestelc1320

crestc1380

plumach1494

plumasse1494

plume1530

plumage1565

panache1584

plumassery1613

kalgi1715

hackle1816

heckle1855

panache-crest1864

osprey1885

paradise1905

1565–6 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1916) XI. 467 For ane plumage xl s.

1594 A. Hume Treat. Felicitie 39 To see their glauncing harnes, and armour both invasiue and defenciue, their Plumages, standarts and displaied hand seignes.

1656 T. Blount Glossographia Plumage, feathers or a bunch of feathers.

1677 London Gaz. No. 1206/1 Having Scarlet, and other fine Coats, all richly laced, and bearing very rich Plumages, Scarfs, and Embroidered Belts.

1713 J. Ozell tr. A. Tassoni Trophy-bucket ii. 49 The God a Corslet on his Body wore, And on his Hat a scarlet Plumage bore.

1737 R. Glover Leonidas i. 400 The purple plumage nods.

1858 T. Carlyle Hist. Friedrich II of Prussia II. ix. x. 527 Nothing of the soldier but the epaulettes and plumages.

1986 R. Schlesinger & A. P. Stabler tr. A. Thevet in André Thevet's N. Amer. 16 They carry many ensigns made of birch branches, adorned with feathers and plumages of swans.

3. figurative. (a) A person's clothing, esp. regarded as presenting a distinctive or showy appearance. (b) More generally: outward appearance (esp. with the implication of showiness or display).

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > [noun]

clothesc888

hattersOE

shroudc1000

weedOE

shrouda1122

clothc1175

hatteringa1200

atourc1220

back-clout?c1225

habit?c1225

clothingc1275

cleadinga1300

dubbinga1300

shroudinga1300

attirec1300

coverturec1300

suitc1325

apparel1330

buskingc1330

farec1330

harness1340

tire1340

backs1341

geara1350

apparelmentc1374

attiringa1375

vesturec1385

heelinga1387

vestmentc1386

arraya1400

graitha1400

livery1399

tirementa1400

warnementa1400

arrayment1400

parelc1400

werlec1400

raiment?a1425

robinga1450

rayc1450

implements1454

willokc1460

habiliment1470

emparelc1475

atourement1481

indumenta1513

reparel1521

wearing gear1542

revesture1548

claesc1550

case1559

attirement1566

furniture1566

investuring1566

apparelling1567

dud1567

hilback1573

wear1576

dress1586

enfolding1586

caparison1589

plight1590

address1592

ward-ware1598

garnish1600

investments1600

ditement1603

dressing1603

waith1603

thing1605

vestry1606

garb1608

outwall1608

accoutrementa1610

wearing apparel1617

coutrement1621

vestament1632

vestiment1637

equipage1645

cask1646

aguise1647

back-timbera1656

investiture1660

rigging1664

drapery1686

vest1694

plumage1707

bussingc1712

hull1718

paraphernalia1736

togs1779

body clothing1802

slough1808

toggery1812

traps1813

garniture1827

body-clothes1828

garmenture1832

costume1838

fig1839

outfit1840

vestiture1841

outer womana1845

outward man1846

vestiary1846

rag1855

drag1870

clo'1874

parapherna1876

clobber1879

threads1926

mocker1939

schmatte1959

vine1959

kit1989

the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > thing seen > appearance or aspect > [noun]

onseneeOE

bleea1000

shapeOE

ylikeOE

laitc1175

semblanta1225

sightc1275

fare1297

showingc1300

specea1325

parelc1330

guise1340

countenance1362

semblance?a1366

apparel1377

regardc1380

apparencec1384

imagec1384

spicec1384

overseeminga1398

kenninga1400

seemingc1400

visage1422

rinda1450

semenauntc1450

'pearance1456

outwardc1475

representation1489

favour?a1500

figurea1522

assemblant1523

prospect?1533

respect1535

visure1545

perceiverance1546

outwardshine1549

species1559

utter-shape1566

look1567

physiognomy1567

face1572

paintry1573

visor1575

mienc1586

superficies?1589

behaviour1590

aspect1594

complexion1597

confrontment1604

show1604

aira1616

beseeminga1616

formality1615

resemblancea1616

blush1620

upcomea1630

presentment1637

scheme1655

sensation1662

visibility1669

plumage1707

facies1727

remark1748

extrinsica1797

exterior1801

showance1820

the cut of one's jib1823

personnel1839

personal appearance1842

what-like1853

look-see1898

outwall1933

visuality1938

prosopon1947

1707 tr. J. B. Morvan de Bellegarde Reflexions upon Politeness of Manners 4 Many pass for Polite who have but a superficial tincture of this Vertue, concealing themselves under the dazling Plumage of a borrow'd Exteriour.

1732 E. Boyd Happy-unfortunate 137 She was not yet, 'twas certain, publickly in Fault; but a Court Secret, rarely kept so long, where Scandal, ever busy, caught its Plumage.

a1764 R. Lloyd Poetry Professors 113 These sons of gowned ease Proud of the plumage of Degrees.

a1807 W. Wordsworth Prelude (1959) vi. 190 All the strength and plumage of thy youth.

1823 W. Scott Peveril I. xi. 289 This expression of liberality and confidence..gave full plumage to Mistress Deborah's hopes.

1852 H. B. Stowe Uncle Tom's Cabin I. xvi. 248 While she was thinking what to say, Marie gradually wiped away her tears, and smoothed her plumage in a general sort of way.

1938 R. G. Collingwood Princ. Art ii. 34 It is only a new version, tricked out in the borrowed plumage of modern science, of the ancient fallacy that the arts are kinds of craft.

1992 S. Sontag Volcano Lover iv. i. 376 I was regarded as far superior to the generality of my sex because of my solemn demeanor, my dull plumage, my appetite for reading.

2004 Australian (Nexis) 2 Dec. 15 [He] described the rate negotiations as a game where networks showed off their plumage.

Compounds

plumage-stitch n. Embroidery (now rare) a stitch in which the first row is alternated in length to achieve an effect resembling a bird's plumage (cf. long and short stitch at long and short adj. 3).

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > sewn or ornamented textile fabric > [noun] > embroidery or ornamental sewing > stitch > other

chain-stitch1598

French knot1623

picot1623

petty-point1632

tent-stitch1639

brede-stitch1640

herringbone stitch1659

satin stitch1664

feather-stitch1835

Gobelin stitch1838

crowfoot1839

seedingc1840

German stitch1842

petit point1842

long stitch1849

looped stitch1851

hem-stitch1853

loop-stitch1853

faggot stitch1854

spider-wheel1868

dot stitch1869

picot stitch1869

slip-stitch1872

coral-stitch1873

stem stitch1873

rope stitch1875

Vienna cross stitch1876

witch stitch1876

pin stitch1878

seed stitch1879

cushion-stitch1880

Japanese stitch1880

darning-stitch1881

Kensington stitch1881

knot-stitch1881

bullion knot1882

cable pattern1882

Italian stitch1882

lattice-stitch1882

queen stitch1882

rice stitch1882

shadow-stitch1882

ship-ladder1882

spider-stitch1882

stem1882

Vandyke stitch1882

warp-stitch1882

wheel-stitch1882

basket-stitch1883

outline stitch1885

pointing1888

bullion stitchc1890

cable-stitchc1890

oriental stitchc1890

Turkish stitchc1890

Romanian stitch1894

shell-stitch1895

saddle stitch1899

magic stitch1900

plumage-stitch1900

saddle stitching1902

German knot stitch1903

trellis1912

padding stitch1913

straight stitch1918

Hungarian stitch1921

trellis stitch1921

lazy daisy1923

diamond stitchc1926

darning1930

faggot filling stitch1934

fly stitch1934

magic chain stitch1934

glove stitch1964

pad stitch1964

1900 L. F. Day & M. Buckle Art in Needlewk. vii. 62 [Feather-stitch] is not to be confounded with what is called ‘plumage-stitch’, which is..a version of satin-stitch.

1901 L. F. Day & M. Buckle Art in Needlewk. (ed. 2) x. 100 The worker adapts..the length of the stitch to the work to be done, directing it also according to the form to be expressed, and so arrives,..by way of satin-stitch, at what is called plumage-stitch.

plumage work n. [after post-classical Latin opus plumarium (Vulgate; from 8th cent. in British sources) < classical Latin opus work (see opus n.) + plūmārium , neuter of plūmārius brocaded with a feather pattern ( < plūma plume n. + -ārius -ary suffix¹)] Embroidery (now rare) the group of stitches to which plumage-stitch belongs.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > sewn or ornamented textile fabric > [noun] > embroidery or ornamental sewing > done in specific stitches

setwork1503

chain-stitch1598

true-stitch1606

cross-stitchc1710

tent-work1798

faggoting1868

plumage work1886

pin stitching1900

pattern darning1906

rococo stitch1906

1886 Lady Alford Needlework as Art vi. 207 The ‘Opus Plumarium’ is one of the most ancient groups, and includes all flat stitches... I propose to restore its original title of plumage work.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	plumage
释义	plumagen. Brit. /ˈpluːmɪdʒ/, U.S. /ˈplumɪdʒ/ Forms: Middle English plomage, Middle English–1600s plummage, Middle English– plumage, 1600s plumadge. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French plumage. Etymology: Originally < Middle French plumage, plomage feathers of a bird collectively (1284 in Old French as plumage ), a person's (showy or distinctive) clothing (1668 in La Fontaine's fable Le corbeau et le renard ( Fables II. i), and now chiefly with allusion to La Fontaine's use; earlier in Old French (1280) and Middle French (beginning of the 15th cent.), both in apparently isolated attestations)) < plume plume n. + -age -age suffix. Sense 2 probably shows an English development; this sense is apparently not paralleled in French until later (1611 in Cotgrave; now regional and rare), although compare an earlier Middle French use in sense ‘goldsmith's ornamental work’ (1523 in an apparently isolated attestation); perhaps compare plumach n. Compare Catalan plomatge (16th cent.), Spanish plumaje (first half of the 14th cent. or earlier), Portuguese plumagem (14th cent. as promagẽes (plural)), Italian piumaggio (1476 as piomagio ; probably < French), all earliest in sense 1a. 1. a. The feathers of a bird collectively, frequently with reference to their colouring, arrangement, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > feather > [noun] > collective or plumage featherhama800 plumeOE plumagec1395 feathera1400 shrouda1400 hacklea1450 plomaylec1475 pennage1591 gander's wool1600 feathering1721 plumery1795 plumeletage1855 c1395 G. Chaucer Squire's Tale 426 Ther nas neuere man yet on lyue, If that I koude a faukon wel discryue, That herde of swich another of fairnesse, As wel of plumage [v.r. plummage] as of gentillesse. 1481 W. Caxton tr. Myrrour of Worlde ii. xvi. 102 The pecock..is moche prowde of his fair fethers and plumage. 1486 Bk. St. Albans sig. Avij^v A Goshawke nor a tercell in thare sore aage haue nott thair mayles named bot it is calde their plumage, and after the cote it is calde theyr Maill. 1582 S. Batman Vppon Bartholome, De Proprietatibus Rerum xii. xxxiii. f. 188/1 Of the fethers of the Estridge, the plumage is made for Princes, and nobles to weare in their hats, caps, and other furniture. 1630 M. Drayton Noahs Floud in Muses Elizium 112 Pruning his plumage, clensing euery quill. 1678 J. Ray tr. F. Willughby Ornithol. 102 The feet [of the brown owl] are covered..with a thick dirty-white plumage. 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory ii. xiii. 286/1 At the end of this Baldness..grew small long feathers, like certain rough curled hairs, standing up above the rest of the plummage. 1748 T. Gray Ode in R. Dodsley Coll. Poems II. 267 No painted plumage to display. 1779 T. Forrest Voy. New Guinea 66 He presented me with a Loorequet of beautiful plumage, mostly green and yellow. 1801 J. Strutt Glig-gamena Angel-ðeod ii. i. 54 We are not..to conclude, that the goose alone afforded the plumage for the arrows. 1859 C. Darwin Origin of Species i. 22 The period at which the perfect plumage is acquired varies. 1883 R. L. Stevenson Treasure Island xxii. 180 I..thought I could make out the bird by her bright plumage as she sat..upon her master's wrist. a1933 J. A. Thomson Biol. for Everyman (1934) I. xx. 634 Redshanks are very beautiful birds..and the sexes are alike in plumage. 1953 N. Tinbergen Herring Gull's World xi. 98 In February, the gulls develop their wonderful white breeding plumage. 2002 G. M. Eberhart Mysterious Creatures II. 430/2 The Greater flamingo (Phoenicopterus ruber) has fiery-pink plumage. †b. Falconry. Feathers given to a hawk to clean its gorge; a casting. Cf. casting n. 3c. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > hunting > hawking > [noun] > hawking procedures casting1388 to come to reclaima1398 rebukingc1400 plumage?a1450 enseamingc1575 imping1575 mewing1575 weathering1575 manning1580 lure1614 carry1618 coping1855 seeling1859 ?a1450 Percy Poem on Falconry (Yale) l. 238 in Studier i Modern Språkvetenskap (1968) 3 18 Yf þat þu kepe her tendirly Wyth chekons..and hote mete, Than shalt thou make her sykerly Here plumage keste. a1475 Bk. Hawking (Harl. 2340) in Studia Neophilol. (1944) 16 6 Euer fede here with on-wasche mete; And loke þat here castynge be plumage. 1575 G. Turberville Bk. Faulconrie 117 Giue hir casting or plumage agayne, according as hir state dothe require. 1614 S. Latham Falconry Explan. Wordes sig. ¶2^v Plummage are small downie feather which the Hawke takes, or are giuen her for casting. 2. A bunch or tuft of feathers used as an ornament; a plume. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > parts of headgear > [noun] > plume (of feathers, etc.) crestelc1320 crestc1380 plumach1494 plumasse1494 plume1530 plumage1565 panache1584 plumassery1613 kalgi1715 hackle1816 heckle1855 panache-crest1864 osprey1885 paradise1905 1565–6 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1916) XI. 467 For ane plumage xl s. 1594 A. Hume Treat. Felicitie 39 To see their glauncing harnes, and armour both invasiue and defenciue, their Plumages, standarts and displaied hand seignes. 1656 T. Blount Glossographia Plumage, feathers or a bunch of feathers. 1677 London Gaz. No. 1206/1 Having Scarlet, and other fine Coats, all richly laced, and bearing very rich Plumages, Scarfs, and Embroidered Belts. 1713 J. Ozell tr. A. Tassoni Trophy-bucket ii. 49 The God a Corslet on his Body wore, And on his Hat a scarlet Plumage bore. 1737 R. Glover Leonidas i. 400 The purple plumage nods. 1858 T. Carlyle Hist. Friedrich II of Prussia II. ix. x. 527 Nothing of the soldier but the epaulettes and plumages. 1986 R. Schlesinger & A. P. Stabler tr. A. Thevet in André Thevet's N. Amer. 16 They carry many ensigns made of birch branches, adorned with feathers and plumages of swans. 3. figurative. (a) A person's clothing, esp. regarded as presenting a distinctive or showy appearance. (b) More generally: outward appearance (esp. with the implication of showiness or display). ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > [noun] clothesc888 hattersOE shroudc1000 weedOE shrouda1122 clothc1175 hatteringa1200 atourc1220 back-clout?c1225 habit?c1225 clothingc1275 cleadinga1300 dubbinga1300 shroudinga1300 attirec1300 coverturec1300 suitc1325 apparel1330 buskingc1330 farec1330 harness1340 tire1340 backs1341 geara1350 apparelmentc1374 attiringa1375 vesturec1385 heelinga1387 vestmentc1386 arraya1400 graitha1400 livery1399 tirementa1400 warnementa1400 arrayment1400 parelc1400 werlec1400 raiment?a1425 robinga1450 rayc1450 implements1454 willokc1460 habiliment1470 emparelc1475 atourement1481 indumenta1513 reparel1521 wearing gear1542 revesture1548 claesc1550 case1559 attirement1566 furniture1566 investuring1566 apparelling1567 dud1567 hilback1573 wear1576 dress1586 enfolding1586 caparison1589 plight1590 address1592 ward-ware1598 garnish1600 investments1600 ditement1603 dressing1603 waith1603 thing1605 vestry1606 garb1608 outwall1608 accoutrementa1610 wearing apparel1617 coutrement1621 vestament1632 vestiment1637 equipage1645 cask1646 aguise1647 back-timbera1656 investiture1660 rigging1664 drapery1686 vest1694 plumage1707 bussingc1712 hull1718 paraphernalia1736 togs1779 body clothing1802 slough1808 toggery1812 traps1813 garniture1827 body-clothes1828 garmenture1832 costume1838 fig1839 outfit1840 vestiture1841 outer womana1845 outward man1846 vestiary1846 rag1855 drag1870 clo'1874 parapherna1876 clobber1879 threads1926 mocker1939 schmatte1959 vine1959 kit1989 the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > thing seen > appearance or aspect > [noun] onseneeOE bleea1000 shapeOE ylikeOE laitc1175 semblanta1225 sightc1275 fare1297 showingc1300 specea1325 parelc1330 guise1340 countenance1362 semblance?a1366 apparel1377 regardc1380 apparencec1384 imagec1384 spicec1384 overseeminga1398 kenninga1400 seemingc1400 visage1422 rinda1450 semenauntc1450 'pearance1456 outwardc1475 representation1489 favour?a1500 figurea1522 assemblant1523 prospect?1533 respect1535 visure1545 perceiverance1546 outwardshine1549 view1556 species1559 utter-shape1566 look1567 physiognomy1567 face1572 paintry1573 visor1575 mienc1586 superficies?1589 behaviour1590 aspect1594 complexion1597 confrontment1604 show1604 aira1616 beseeminga1616 formality1615 resemblancea1616 blush1620 upcomea1630 presentment1637 scheme1655 sensation1662 visibility1669 plumage1707 facies1727 remark1748 extrinsica1797 exterior1801 showance1820 the cut of one's jib1823 personnel1839 personal appearance1842 what-like1853 look-see1898 outwall1933 visuality1938 prosopon1947 1707 tr. J. B. Morvan de Bellegarde Reflexions upon Politeness of Manners 4 Many pass for Polite who have but a superficial tincture of this Vertue, concealing themselves under the dazling Plumage of a borrow'd Exteriour. 1732 E. Boyd Happy-unfortunate 137 She was not yet, 'twas certain, publickly in Fault; but a Court Secret, rarely kept so long, where Scandal, ever busy, caught its Plumage. a1764 R. Lloyd Poetry Professors 113 These sons of gowned ease Proud of the plumage of Degrees. a1807 W. Wordsworth Prelude (1959) vi. 190 All the strength and plumage of thy youth. 1823 W. Scott Peveril I. xi. 289 This expression of liberality and confidence..gave full plumage to Mistress Deborah's hopes. 1852 H. B. Stowe Uncle Tom's Cabin I. xvi. 248 While she was thinking what to say, Marie gradually wiped away her tears, and smoothed her plumage in a general sort of way. 1938 R. G. Collingwood Princ. Art ii. 34 It is only a new version, tricked out in the borrowed plumage of modern science, of the ancient fallacy that the arts are kinds of craft. 1992 S. Sontag Volcano Lover iv. i. 376 I was regarded as far superior to the generality of my sex because of my solemn demeanor, my dull plumage, my appetite for reading. 2004 Australian (Nexis) 2 Dec. 15 [He] described the rate negotiations as a game where networks showed off their plumage. Compounds plumage-stitch n. Embroidery (now rare) a stitch in which the first row is alternated in length to achieve an effect resembling a bird's plumage (cf. long and short stitch at long and short adj. 3). ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > sewn or ornamented textile fabric > [noun] > embroidery or ornamental sewing > stitch > other chain-stitch1598 French knot1623 picot1623 petty-point1632 tent-stitch1639 brede-stitch1640 herringbone stitch1659 satin stitch1664 feather-stitch1835 Gobelin stitch1838 crowfoot1839 seedingc1840 German stitch1842 petit point1842 long stitch1849 looped stitch1851 hem-stitch1853 loop-stitch1853 faggot stitch1854 spider-wheel1868 dot stitch1869 picot stitch1869 slip-stitch1872 coral-stitch1873 stem stitch1873 rope stitch1875 Vienna cross stitch1876 witch stitch1876 pin stitch1878 seed stitch1879 cushion-stitch1880 Japanese stitch1880 darning-stitch1881 Kensington stitch1881 knot-stitch1881 bullion knot1882 cable pattern1882 Italian stitch1882 lattice-stitch1882 queen stitch1882 rice stitch1882 shadow-stitch1882 ship-ladder1882 spider-stitch1882 stem1882 Vandyke stitch1882 warp-stitch1882 wheel-stitch1882 basket-stitch1883 outline stitch1885 pointing1888 bullion stitchc1890 cable-stitchc1890 oriental stitchc1890 Turkish stitchc1890 Romanian stitch1894 shell-stitch1895 saddle stitch1899 magic stitch1900 plumage-stitch1900 saddle stitching1902 German knot stitch1903 trellis1912 padding stitch1913 straight stitch1918 Hungarian stitch1921 trellis stitch1921 lazy daisy1923 diamond stitchc1926 darning1930 faggot filling stitch1934 fly stitch1934 magic chain stitch1934 glove stitch1964 pad stitch1964 1900 L. F. Day & M. Buckle Art in Needlewk. vii. 62 [Feather-stitch] is not to be confounded with what is called ‘plumage-stitch’, which is..a version of satin-stitch. 1901 L. F. Day & M. Buckle Art in Needlewk. (ed. 2) x. 100 The worker adapts..the length of the stitch to the work to be done, directing it also according to the form to be expressed, and so arrives,..by way of satin-stitch, at what is called plumage-stitch. plumage work n. [after post-classical Latin opus plumarium (Vulgate; from 8th cent. in British sources) < classical Latin opus work (see opus n.) + plūmārium , neuter of plūmārius brocaded with a feather pattern ( < plūma plume n. + -ārius -ary suffix¹)] Embroidery (now rare) the group of stitches to which plumage-stitch belongs. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > sewn or ornamented textile fabric > [noun] > embroidery or ornamental sewing > done in specific stitches setwork1503 chain-stitch1598 true-stitch1606 cross-stitchc1710 tent-work1798 faggoting1868 plumage work1886 pin stitching1900 pattern darning1906 rococo stitch1906 1886 Lady Alford Needlework as Art vi. 207 The ‘Opus Plumarium’ is one of the most ancient groups, and includes all flat stitches... I propose to restore its original title of plumage work. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.c1395
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