perverseadj.

Brit.

/pəˈvəːs/, U.S.

/pərˈvərs/

Forms: late Middle English paruers, late Middle English perverce, late Middle English perversse, late Middle English–1600s peruers, late Middle English–1600s peruerse, late Middle English–1700s pervers, 1500s peruarce, 1500s peruarse, 1500s peruersse, 1500s pervars, 1500s– perverse, 1600s perverss; also Scottish pre-1700 perverss, pre-1700 perves, pre-1700 pervess.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French pervers; Latin perversus.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman and Middle French pervers, parvers (French pervers ) inclined to do evil, wicked, unnatural, deformed, abnormal (late 12th cent. in Anglo-Norman and Old French; 1st half of the 12th cent. in Anglo-Norman as purvers , noun), mistaken, wrong, contrary (c1370) and its etymon classical Latin perversus turned the wrong way, awry, unnatural, abnormal, wrong-headed, misguided, perverted, use as adjective of past participle of pervertere pervert v. Compare Old Occitan pervers (early 13th cent.; Occitan pervèrs), Catalan pervers (first half of the 14th cent.), Spanish perverso (first half of the 13th cent.), Portuguese perverso (15th cent.), Italian perverso (13th cent.).

a. Of a person, action, etc.: going or disposed to go against what is reasonable, logical, expected, or required; contrary, fickle, irrational.In early use esp. of fortune personified.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > wrongdoing > leading astray > [adjective] > affected by

forraughtc1175

perverteda1382

arsewardc1386

perversec1425

perversionatec1475

perversed1488

perverta1500

thraward?a1513

seduced1584

wronged1619

the mind > will > decision > obstinacy or stubbornness > [adjective] > perverse

wharfedc1175

thwart-over?c1225

fromwardc1275

thwarta1325

wilgernc1325

contrariousa1340

froward1340

rebours1340

awaywarda1375

overthwartc1384

protervec1384

waywardc1384

arsewardc1386

wrawc1386

wrawfulc1386

crabbeda1400

ungraitha1400

wraweda1400

awklyc1400

perversec1425

awkc1440

perversiosec1475

crooked1508

wrayward1516

awkward1530

difficilec1533

peevish1539

protervous1547

overthwarting1552

untowardly1561

difficult1589

cross1594

cama1600

frowish1601

awkwardish1613

haggardly1635

pigheadeda1637

cross-grained1647

wry1649

crossfulc1680

thwarting1718

kim-kama1734

wronghead1737

piggish1742

witherly1790

top-thrawn1808

contrary1850

cussed1858

three-cornered1863

thwarteous1890

bloody-minded1935

society > authority > lack of subjection > [adjective] > intractable or recalcitrant > and perverse

waywardc1384

contumaxc1386

contumacec1425

perversec1425

gainsaying1489

wrayward1516

untowards1525

untoward1526

wrabbed?1544

contumacious1603

c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) v. 16 (MED) Fortune, ay froward and peruerse, Hath with her myrthe meynt aduersite.

c1450 ( G. Chaucer Bk. Duchess 813 Fortune..ys to lyen ful comune, The false trayteresse pervers [v.rr. peruerse, peruers, paruers]!

1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 754 He was with mischarging of a speare, by fortunes peruerse countenaunce pittifully slayne.

1597 W. Shakespeare Romeo & Juliet ii. i. 138 Il'e frowne and say thee nay and be peruerse .

1647 J. Howell New Vol. of Lett. 61 To have to do with perverse irrationall half witted men.

1660 F. Brooke tr. V. Le Blanc World Surveyed 313 I married the most perverse woman in the world.

1709 Brit. Apollo 16–21 Dec. A fropish, froward..Perverse Wife.

1753 S. Richardson Hist. Sir Charles Grandison IV. iv. 28 I touched first one hand, then the other, of the perverse baby with my lips.

1837 W. S. Landor Pentameron in Wks. (1846) II. 323/1 The affectation of Ovid was light and playful; Virgil's was wilful, perverse, and grammatistical.

1873 W. Black Princess of Thule xiii. 217 I think you have a perverse fancy that you are different from the people you meet.

1906 J. Galsworthy Man of Prop. 72 A distaste born perhaps by the perverse processes of Nature out of a secret fund of brutality in himself.

1987 P. Farmer Away from Home (1988) 52 She just says, ‘So what?’ knowing she is being perverse, but not caring in the slightest.

b. Of a thing or event: adverse, unfavourable, untimely; unexpected, unpredictable. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > disadvantage > [adjective] > unfavourable

contrariousc1320

bada1325

contraryinga1340

adversea1393

frowarda1400

contrairc1400

fremd1423

adversant?a1425

sinister1432

perversea1450

undisposed1456

sinistral?a1475

contrary1477

favourless1509

unfriendlya1513

thwarting1530

wayward?1544

contrariant1548

disfavourable1561

cross1565

unindifferent1565

sinistrous1566

haggard1578

unkindly1579

backward1582

awkward1587

improsperous1598

thwart1610

unpropitious1613

averted1619

untoward1621

averse1623

impropitious1638

sinister1726

unfavourable1748

untowardly1756

unfavouring1835

a1450 (?c1421) J. Lydgate Siege Thebes (Arun.) (1911) 384 (MED) Astronomyens..Consydred..eche aspecte and lookes ek dyuers, Which were good and which also pervers.

a1450 Partonope of Blois (Univ. Coll. Oxf.) (1912) 4429 (MED) Now the tone Is at þe better, and now..he ys atte worsse; So this batayle ys perversse.

1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour ii. xiii. sig. Xii Alas suche peruerse constellation nowe reigneth ouer men.

1593 T. Nashe Christs Teares 36 b The best remedy of thyne vnrepriueable peruerse destiny was death.

1608 W. Bettie Hist. Titana & Theseus sig. B3^v Theseus..thought it very strange, that Nature should indow..such comely limmits, with such peruerse conditions.

1671 J. Milton Samson Agonistes 737 Though the fact more evil drew In the perverse event then I foresaw.

1726 J. Swift Cadenus & Vanessa 35 Tho' by one perverse Event Pallas had cross'd her first Intent.

1785 R. Cumberland Observer xii. 111 This perverse wind has at last..come about to the east, so that we are all in high spirits getting under weigh.

1813 J. Austen Pride & Prejudice II. i. 13 Mr. Wickham's society was of material service in dispelling the gloom, which the late perverse occurrences had thrown on many of the Longbourn family.

1849 C. Brontë Shirley I. ii. 29 The cloth we can't sell, the hands we can't employ, the mills we can't run, the perverse course of events generally.

1887 W. F. Barry New Antigone II. ii. xix. 91 The Countess Lutenieff was carrying out one of those schemes..through which accidents of a perverse kind are wont to happen.

1943 Amer. Hist. Rev. 48 699 That perverse circumstances should have made Thomas Jefferson the man to usurp power from the people is ironical enough.

2003 N. Rush Mortals xxxiii. 515 Humans making declarations they meant at the time..undone and swept away by perverse events.

a. Contrary to what is morally right or good; wicked, evil, debased.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > moral evil > wickedness > [adjective] > perverse

wharfedc1175

perverse?a1439

oblique1576

squint-minded1653

obliquitous1833

a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) vi. 465 (MED) Your appetitis most straunge & most dyuers, And euir ful of chaung & doubilnesse, Froward also, malicious & peruers.

a1475 (?a1430) J. Lydgate tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage Life Man (Vitell.) 19003 An hunte [sc. Satan] stoode with his horne, Off chere and looke ryght pervers.

1530–1 Act 22 Hen. VIII c. 11 Every suche perverse & malicyous cuttyng downe & brekyng up of any parte or partes of the sayde Dykes.

1568 Bible (Bishops') Matt. xvii. 17 O faythlesse and peruerse nation, howe long shal I be with you?

a1631 J. Donne Serm. (1962) X. 220 It is the perversest assertion, That God gives man temporall things to ensnare him.

a1677 I. Barrow Treat. Pope's Supremacy (1680) 180 These pompatick, foolish, proud, perverse, wicked, prophane words.

1744 E. Young Complaint: Night the Seventh 43 Man's perverse, eternal War with Heav'n!

1782 B. Franklin Let. 7 June in Papers (2003) XXXVII. 445 I only wonder how it happen'd that they..came to be such good Creatures in the midst of so perverse a Generation.

1849 J. L. Motley Merry-Mount I. v. 58 What vengeance shall we inflict upon this perverse slanderer?

1901 J. W. de Forest Downing Legends 95 Goblin shapes and tints, Devised by seraphim perverse,..To mock the Maker's universe.

1963 A. Ginsberg Let. May in A. Ginsberg & L. Ginsberg Family Business (2001) 208 Nobody yet recognizes how really perverse America became, and how much there is to revolt against.

2003 H. S. Thompson Kingdom of Fear i. 26 A Byzantine snake pit of treachery and overweening bribery-driven corruption so perverse as to stagger the best minds of any generation.

b. Contrary to an accepted standard or practice; incorrect, mistaken, wrong; (of an argument, interpretation, etc.) unjustifiable, contradictory, distorted.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > disregard for truth, falsehood > lack of truth, falsity > [adjective]

unrightlyeOE

leasea900

falsec1175

untruec1370

untruefulc1380

erroneousc1400

fallacec1400

wrongc1420

unsubstantialc1455

wrongfulc1470

unrighteous1507

improper1531

perverse1531

mistaken1540

square1549

truthless1568

uncorrect1568

misconceiveda1612

errorous1633

swervinga1638

tralatitious1645

out of the way1676

wrongous1768

aberrated1834

aberrational1837

unsubstantiated1837

unevidenced1842

non-realistic1882

unsubstantiate1890

screwed-up1942

disauthentic1960

1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour ii. ix. sig. Rvii^v Alexander what peruerse opinion hath put the in suche hope, that thou thinkest to make them loyall unto the.

a1568 R. Ascham Scholemaster (1570) i. f. 1 Peruerse iudgement, both of wordes and sentences.

1610 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes (ed. 2) 1290 A peruerse interpretation or misconstruing of words.

1643 Sir T. Browne Religio Medici (authorized ed.) i. § 19 The bad construction and perverse comment on these pair of second causes..have perverted the devotion of many unto atheism.

1765 S. Johnson Pref. to Shakespear's Plays p. liii Perverse interpretations, and..improbable conjectures.

1787 T. Jefferson Notes Virginia vi. 169 It seems perverse to declare it the same, from a partial resemblance of their tusks and bones.

1850 H. Rogers Ess. (1874) II. iv. 194 Perverse transfers of uncongenial idiom.

1856 A. P. Stanley Sinai & Palestine (1858) Introd. 47 Massive walls and colonnades, irregular and perverse in all their proportions.

1910 Times 27 Apr. 6/4 This department was open to the imputation either of ignorance of the law or of a perverse interpretation of it.

2000 G. R. Evans Bernard of Clairvaux ii. 36 It would be a perverse understanding of the meaning of obedience if a higher duty (to do right) was disregarded for the sake of a lower (the duty to obey one's abbot).

3. Obstinate, stubborn, or persistent in what is unreasonable, foolish, or wrong; remaining set in a course of action in spite of the consequences.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > decision > obstinacy or stubbornness > [adjective] > stubborn in error

perverse1509

butt-headed1855

1509 A. Barclay Brant's Shyp of Folys (Pynson) xxxiiii. sig. Hviij Of hym that is alwayes folysshe..the peruers foole is lunatyke.

1578 J. Lyly Euphues f. 39 If women be not peruerse they shall reape profite.

1648 Bp. J. Wilkins Math. Magick ii. vi. 192 A blind and perverse incredulity.

1675 tr. W. Camden Hist. Princess Elizabeth (rev. ed.) iv. 622 His perverse Obstinacy..did so prick her forward to use Severity.

1751 S. Johnson Rambler No. 87. ⁋2 Perverse neglect of the most salutary precepts.

1814 M. Edgeworth Patronage III. xxxiii. 330 Perverse child, why would not you come when I could have been of some use to you?

1860 R. W. Emerson Considerations in Conduct of Life (London ed.) 236 The steady wrongheadedness of one perverse person irritates the best.

1956 A. J. Cronin Crusader's Tomb 192 He winced at the recollection of the wild donation of their funds, the inopportune surrender of the boots, the perverse determination.

2003 Express (Nexis) 28 Mar. 44 The continuing perverse refusal, common to all lexicographers, to recognise the word ‘socklessness’.

4. Law. Of a verdict: against the weight of evidence or the direction of the judge on a point of law.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > judging > [adjective] > unreasonable

perverse1851

Wednesbury1968

1851 Edinb. Rev. July 239 The jurors, whom the Bench had fined and committed for their ‘perverse’ verdict.

1854 J. T. Coleridge in T. F. Ellis & C. Blackburn Reports (1855) III. 952 We shall grant a new trial if the verdict is perverse, but not if the evidence is merely conflicting.

1955 Observer 20 Feb. 7/8 No one has ever yet been able to find a way of depriving a British jury of its privilege of returning a perverse verdict.

1990 J. H. Baker Introd. Eng. Legal Hist. (ed. 3) 591 The jury alone..could with impunity ignore the evidence in order to save a defendant from the gallows. Such ‘pious perjury’ might take the form of finding a perverse verdict of not guilty.

5. That is (regarded as) sexually perverted.

ΚΠ

1891 N. Amer. Rev. Jan. 125 What is natural in one sex appears to be most perverse and unnatural in the other.

1925 W. J. H. Sprott tr. E. Kretschmer Physique & Char. xiii. 226 Platen had perverse impulses.

1973 R. Ellmann Golden Codgers 57 Her virginal yet perverse sensuality is related to Paterism.

2000 K. Atkinson Emotionally Weird 130 J was..indulging in something quite perverse with his mistress's lapdog.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	perverse
释义	perversen. Brit. /pəˈvəːs/, U.S. /pərˈvərs/ Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: perverse adj. Etymology: < perverse adj. Compare classical Latin perversus a person who is misguided. Compare pervert n. N.E.D. (1905) gives the pronunciation for sense 2 as (pə̄·ɹvəɹs, pəɹvə̄·ɹs) /ˈpɜːvəs/, /pəˈvɜːs/. 1. A person who or thing which is perverse. Now chiefly with the and plural agreement: perverse people or things as a class. ΚΠ 1529 tr. M. Luther in tr. Erasmus Exhort. Studye Script. sig. f.iij^v With the chosen shalte thou be chosen, and with the perverse [Ger. bey den verkereten] and weywarde shalte thou be weywarde. 1576 G. Gascoigne Droomme of Doomes Day ii. xx. sig. J.i^v Then the perverse and wicked..shall seeke but truce for one hower. 1651 E. Prestwich tr. Seneca Hippolitus 23 Love, the perverse oft tameth, and removes All hatred this thy Mother Country proves. 1721 R. Blackmore New Version Psalms cxix. 271 Let Mercy, Lord, my Death prevent, I'm to thy Law inclin'd; Blast the Perverse to hurt me bent, But I thy Statutes mind. 1748 S. Richardson Clarissa (1811) VI. xliii. 302 I expected that the dear perverse would begin with me with spirit and indignation. a1800 W. Cowper tr. G. Andreini Adam i. i, in Wks. (1837) X. 246 Let the perverse behold, Despairing his escape and my compassion. 1850 H. Melville White-jacket xviii. 425 The Navy is the asylum for the perverse, the home of the unfortunate. 1911 G. K. Chesterton Ballad White Horse i. 17 Under the twisted trees, Where the perverse in pleasure pine. 1997 Web Aug. 34/1 The Web has more than its share of the antisocial, the perverse, and the just plain wack. †2. Geometry. A mirror image of a figure or object, in which the transverse directions of the original are reversed. Cf. perversion n. 3. Obsolete. rare.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries. ΚΠ 1890 Cent. Dict. Perverse n., a geometrical form related to another (of which it is said to be the perverse) as the form of the image of an object in a plane mirror is to that of the object itself. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). perverseadj. Brit. /pəˈvəːs/, U.S. /pərˈvərs/ Forms: late Middle English paruers, late Middle English perverce, late Middle English perversse, late Middle English–1600s peruers, late Middle English–1600s peruerse, late Middle English–1700s pervers, 1500s peruarce, 1500s peruarse, 1500s peruersse, 1500s pervars, 1500s– perverse, 1600s perverss; also Scottish pre-1700 perverss, pre-1700 perves, pre-1700 pervess. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French pervers; Latin perversus. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman and Middle French pervers, parvers (French pervers ) inclined to do evil, wicked, unnatural, deformed, abnormal (late 12th cent. in Anglo-Norman and Old French; 1st half of the 12th cent. in Anglo-Norman as purvers , noun), mistaken, wrong, contrary (c1370) and its etymon classical Latin perversus turned the wrong way, awry, unnatural, abnormal, wrong-headed, misguided, perverted, use as adjective of past participle of pervertere pervert v. Compare Old Occitan pervers (early 13th cent.; Occitan pervèrs), Catalan pervers (first half of the 14th cent.), Spanish perverso (first half of the 13th cent.), Portuguese perverso (15th cent.), Italian perverso (13th cent.). 1. a. Of a person, action, etc.: going or disposed to go against what is reasonable, logical, expected, or required; contrary, fickle, irrational.In early use esp. of fortune personified. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > wrongdoing > leading astray > [adjective] > affected by forraughtc1175 perverteda1382 arsewardc1386 perversec1425 perversionatec1475 perversed1488 perverta1500 thraward?a1513 seduced1584 wronged1619 the mind > will > decision > obstinacy or stubbornness > [adjective] > perverse wharfedc1175 thwart-over?c1225 fromwardc1275 thwarta1325 wilgernc1325 contrariousa1340 froward1340 rebours1340 awaywarda1375 overthwartc1384 protervec1384 waywardc1384 arsewardc1386 wrawc1386 wrawfulc1386 crabbeda1400 ungraitha1400 wraweda1400 awklyc1400 perversec1425 awkc1440 perversiosec1475 crooked1508 wrayward1516 awkward1530 difficilec1533 peevish1539 protervous1547 overthwarting1552 untowardly1561 difficult1589 cross1594 cama1600 frowish1601 awkwardish1613 haggardly1635 pigheadeda1637 cross-grained1647 wry1649 crossfulc1680 thwarting1718 kim-kama1734 wronghead1737 piggish1742 witherly1790 top-thrawn1808 contrary1850 cussed1858 three-cornered1863 thwarteous1890 bloody-minded1935 society > authority > lack of subjection > [adjective] > intractable or recalcitrant > and perverse waywardc1384 contumaxc1386 contumacec1425 perversec1425 gainsaying1489 wrayward1516 untowards1525 untoward1526 wrabbed?1544 contumacious1603 c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) v. 16 (MED) Fortune, ay froward and peruerse, Hath with her myrthe meynt aduersite. c1450 ( G. Chaucer Bk. Duchess 813 Fortune..ys to lyen ful comune, The false trayteresse pervers [v.rr. peruerse, peruers, paruers]! 1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 754 He was with mischarging of a speare, by fortunes peruerse countenaunce pittifully slayne. 1597 W. Shakespeare Romeo & Juliet ii. i. 138 Il'e frowne and say thee nay and be peruerse . View more context for this quotation 1647 J. Howell New Vol. of Lett. 61 To have to do with perverse irrationall half witted men. 1660 F. Brooke tr. V. Le Blanc World Surveyed 313 I married the most perverse woman in the world. 1709 Brit. Apollo 16–21 Dec. A fropish, froward..Perverse Wife. 1753 S. Richardson Hist. Sir Charles Grandison IV. iv. 28 I touched first one hand, then the other, of the perverse baby with my lips. 1837 W. S. Landor Pentameron in Wks. (1846) II. 323/1 The affectation of Ovid was light and playful; Virgil's was wilful, perverse, and grammatistical. 1873 W. Black Princess of Thule xiii. 217 I think you have a perverse fancy that you are different from the people you meet. 1906 J. Galsworthy Man of Prop. 72 A distaste born perhaps by the perverse processes of Nature out of a secret fund of brutality in himself. 1987 P. Farmer Away from Home (1988) 52 She just says, ‘So what?’ knowing she is being perverse, but not caring in the slightest. b. Of a thing or event: adverse, unfavourable, untimely; unexpected, unpredictable. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > disadvantage > [adjective] > unfavourable contrariousc1320 bada1325 contraryinga1340 adversea1393 frowarda1400 contrairc1400 fremd1423 adversant?a1425 sinister1432 perversea1450 undisposed1456 sinistral?a1475 contrary1477 favourless1509 unfriendlya1513 thwarting1530 wayward?1544 contrariant1548 disfavourable1561 cross1565 unindifferent1565 sinistrous1566 haggard1578 unkindly1579 backward1582 awkward1587 improsperous1598 thwart1610 unpropitious1613 averted1619 untoward1621 averse1623 impropitious1638 sinister1726 unfavourable1748 untowardly1756 unfavouring1835 a1450 (?c1421) J. Lydgate Siege Thebes (Arun.) (1911) 384 (MED) Astronomyens..Consydred..eche aspecte and lookes ek dyuers, Which were good and which also pervers. a1450 Partonope of Blois (Univ. Coll. Oxf.) (1912) 4429 (MED) Now the tone Is at þe better, and now..he ys atte worsse; So this batayle ys perversse. 1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour ii. xiii. sig. Xii Alas suche peruerse constellation nowe reigneth ouer men. 1593 T. Nashe Christs Teares 36 b The best remedy of thyne vnrepriueable peruerse destiny was death. 1608 W. Bettie Hist. Titana & Theseus sig. B3^v Theseus..thought it very strange, that Nature should indow..such comely limmits, with such peruerse conditions. 1671 J. Milton Samson Agonistes 737 Though the fact more evil drew In the perverse event then I foresaw. View more context for this quotation 1726 J. Swift Cadenus & Vanessa 35 Tho' by one perverse Event Pallas had cross'd her first Intent. 1785 R. Cumberland Observer xii. 111 This perverse wind has at last..come about to the east, so that we are all in high spirits getting under weigh. 1813 J. Austen Pride & Prejudice II. i. 13 Mr. Wickham's society was of material service in dispelling the gloom, which the late perverse occurrences had thrown on many of the Longbourn family. View more context for this quotation 1849 C. Brontë Shirley I. ii. 29 The cloth we can't sell, the hands we can't employ, the mills we can't run, the perverse course of events generally. 1887 W. F. Barry New Antigone II. ii. xix. 91 The Countess Lutenieff was carrying out one of those schemes..through which accidents of a perverse kind are wont to happen. 1943 Amer. Hist. Rev. 48 699 That perverse circumstances should have made Thomas Jefferson the man to usurp power from the people is ironical enough. 2003 N. Rush Mortals xxxiii. 515 Humans making declarations they meant at the time..undone and swept away by perverse events. 2. a. Contrary to what is morally right or good; wicked, evil, debased. ΘΚΠ society > morality > moral evil > wickedness > [adjective] > perverse wharfedc1175 perverse?a1439 oblique1576 squint-minded1653 obliquitous1833 a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) vi. 465 (MED) Your appetitis most straunge & most dyuers, And euir ful of chaung & doubilnesse, Froward also, malicious & peruers. a1475 (?a1430) J. Lydgate tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage Life Man (Vitell.) 19003 An hunte [sc. Satan] stoode with his horne, Off chere and looke ryght pervers. 1530–1 Act 22 Hen. VIII c. 11 Every suche perverse & malicyous cuttyng downe & brekyng up of any parte or partes of the sayde Dykes. 1568 Bible (Bishops') Matt. xvii. 17 O faythlesse and peruerse nation, howe long shal I be with you? a1631 J. Donne Serm. (1962) X. 220 It is the perversest assertion, That God gives man temporall things to ensnare him. a1677 I. Barrow Treat. Pope's Supremacy (1680) 180 These pompatick, foolish, proud, perverse, wicked, prophane words. 1744 E. Young Complaint: Night the Seventh 43 Man's perverse, eternal War with Heav'n! 1782 B. Franklin Let. 7 June in Papers (2003) XXXVII. 445 I only wonder how it happen'd that they..came to be such good Creatures in the midst of so perverse a Generation. 1849 J. L. Motley Merry-Mount I. v. 58 What vengeance shall we inflict upon this perverse slanderer? 1901 J. W. de Forest Downing Legends 95 Goblin shapes and tints, Devised by seraphim perverse,..To mock the Maker's universe. 1963 A. Ginsberg Let. May in A. Ginsberg & L. Ginsberg Family Business (2001) 208 Nobody yet recognizes how really perverse America became, and how much there is to revolt against. 2003 H. S. Thompson Kingdom of Fear i. 26 A Byzantine snake pit of treachery and overweening bribery-driven corruption so perverse as to stagger the best minds of any generation. b. Contrary to an accepted standard or practice; incorrect, mistaken, wrong; (of an argument, interpretation, etc.) unjustifiable, contradictory, distorted. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > disregard for truth, falsehood > lack of truth, falsity > [adjective] unrightlyeOE leasea900 falsec1175 untruec1370 untruefulc1380 erroneousc1400 fallacec1400 wrongc1420 unsubstantialc1455 wrongfulc1470 unrighteous1507 improper1531 perverse1531 mistaken1540 square1549 truthless1568 uncorrect1568 misconceiveda1612 errorous1633 swervinga1638 tralatitious1645 out of the way1676 wrongous1768 aberrated1834 aberrational1837 unsubstantiated1837 unevidenced1842 non-realistic1882 unsubstantiate1890 screwed-up1942 disauthentic1960 1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour ii. ix. sig. Rvii^v Alexander what peruerse opinion hath put the in suche hope, that thou thinkest to make them loyall unto the. a1568 R. Ascham Scholemaster (1570) i. f. 1 Peruerse iudgement, both of wordes and sentences. 1610 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes (ed. 2) 1290 A peruerse interpretation or misconstruing of words. 1643 Sir T. Browne Religio Medici (authorized ed.) i. § 19 The bad construction and perverse comment on these pair of second causes..have perverted the devotion of many unto atheism. View more context for this quotation 1765 S. Johnson Pref. to Shakespear's Plays p. liii Perverse interpretations, and..improbable conjectures. 1787 T. Jefferson Notes Virginia vi. 169 It seems perverse to declare it the same, from a partial resemblance of their tusks and bones. 1850 H. Rogers Ess. (1874) II. iv. 194 Perverse transfers of uncongenial idiom. 1856 A. P. Stanley Sinai & Palestine (1858) Introd. 47 Massive walls and colonnades, irregular and perverse in all their proportions. 1910 Times 27 Apr. 6/4 This department was open to the imputation either of ignorance of the law or of a perverse interpretation of it. 2000 G. R. Evans Bernard of Clairvaux ii. 36 It would be a perverse understanding of the meaning of obedience if a higher duty (to do right) was disregarded for the sake of a lower (the duty to obey one's abbot). 3. Obstinate, stubborn, or persistent in what is unreasonable, foolish, or wrong; remaining set in a course of action in spite of the consequences. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > decision > obstinacy or stubbornness > [adjective] > stubborn in error perverse1509 butt-headed1855 1509 A. Barclay Brant's Shyp of Folys (Pynson) xxxiiii. sig. Hviij Of hym that is alwayes folysshe..the peruers foole is lunatyke. 1578 J. Lyly Euphues f. 39 If women be not peruerse they shall reape profite. 1648 Bp. J. Wilkins Math. Magick ii. vi. 192 A blind and perverse incredulity. 1675 tr. W. Camden Hist. Princess Elizabeth (rev. ed.) iv. 622 His perverse Obstinacy..did so prick her forward to use Severity. 1751 S. Johnson Rambler No. 87. ⁋2 Perverse neglect of the most salutary precepts. 1814 M. Edgeworth Patronage III. xxxiii. 330 Perverse child, why would not you come when I could have been of some use to you? 1860 R. W. Emerson Considerations in Conduct of Life (London ed.) 236 The steady wrongheadedness of one perverse person irritates the best. 1956 A. J. Cronin Crusader's Tomb 192 He winced at the recollection of the wild donation of their funds, the inopportune surrender of the boots, the perverse determination. 2003 Express (Nexis) 28 Mar. 44 The continuing perverse refusal, common to all lexicographers, to recognise the word ‘socklessness’. 4. Law. Of a verdict: against the weight of evidence or the direction of the judge on a point of law. ΘΚΠ society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > judging > [adjective] > unreasonable perverse1851 Wednesbury1968 1851 Edinb. Rev. July 239 The jurors, whom the Bench had fined and committed for their ‘perverse’ verdict. 1854 J. T. Coleridge in T. F. Ellis & C. Blackburn Reports (1855) III. 952 We shall grant a new trial if the verdict is perverse, but not if the evidence is merely conflicting. 1955 Observer 20 Feb. 7/8 No one has ever yet been able to find a way of depriving a British jury of its privilege of returning a perverse verdict. 1990 J. H. Baker Introd. Eng. Legal Hist. (ed. 3) 591 The jury alone..could with impunity ignore the evidence in order to save a defendant from the gallows. Such ‘pious perjury’ might take the form of finding a perverse verdict of not guilty. 5. That is (regarded as) sexually perverted. ΚΠ 1891 N. Amer. Rev. Jan. 125 What is natural in one sex appears to be most perverse and unnatural in the other. 1925 W. J. H. Sprott tr. E. Kretschmer Physique & Char. xiii. 226 Platen had perverse impulses. 1973 R. Ellmann Golden Codgers 57 Her virginal yet perverse sensuality is related to Paterism. 2000 K. Atkinson Emotionally Weird 130 J was..indulging in something quite perverse with his mistress's lapdog. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). perversev. Brit. /pəˈvəːs/, U.S. /pərˈvərs/ Forms: late Middle English 1600s 2000s– perverse, 1500s peruerse. Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: perverse adj. Etymology: < perverse adj. Compare Middle French perverser (1530). Now rare. transitive. To pervert; to turn away from that which is good, right, or true. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > wrongdoing > leading astray > [verb (transitive)] forteeOE fortihtOE bicharrea1000 perverta1382 faitc1430 perversec1475 seduce1477 seduec1485 seduct1490 wry1563 society > morality > moral evil > moral or spiritual degeneration > degrading or impairing morally > degrade or impair morally [verb (transitive)] > pervert or deprave bicharrea1100 crooka1340 subvertc1384 pervertc1425 traverse1438 overthwartc1450 perversec1475 deprave1482 crooken1552 preposterate1566 depravate1847 c1475 Wisdom (Folger) (1969) 379 (MED) Thus wndyr colors all thynge perverse; I xall neuer rest tyll þ[e] Soule I defyle. 1582 G. Fenton Golden Epist. (new ed.) 339 Such are..accursed of God, & hated of men, who..confound iustice w^e tyrannie, peruerse equitie with iniquitie. 1653 T. Blake (title) Covenant of God entered with man-kinde.., with the Scripture texts perversed by Mr. Tombes vindicated. 2002 Business World (Philippines) (Nexis) 15 Mar. 10 He willfully, wrongfully, intentionally, and maliciously perversed the truth. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1529adj.c1425v.c1475
随便看	loyalty oath loyn loyolan loyolism loyolist loyolite loys lozen lozen-wise lozened lozenge lozenge in point lozenge lion lozenge-base lozenge-coach lozenge-figured lozenge-like lozenge-machine lozenge-shaped lozengebase lozengecoach lozenged lozengefigured lozengelike lozengemachine

perversen.

perverseadj.

perversev.