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单词 morkin
释义

morkinn.1

Brit. /ˈmɔːkɪn/, U.S. /ˈmɔrk(ə)n/, Scottish English /ˈmorkɪn/
Forms: late Middle English mortkyn, late Middle English–1500s morkyn, 1500s– morkin (now Scottish), 1600s morekin, 1600s morkein, 1600s morking, 1600s mortkin, 1600s murkin, 1800s morken (Scottish), 1900s– merkin (Scottish).
Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French mortekine, morticine.
Etymology: < Anglo-Norman mortekine, morticine and Middle French morticine carrion (1160 in Old French; in Anglo-Norman also as adjective) < post-classical Latin morticinum carrion (Vetus Latina), use as noun of neuter of classical Latin morticīnus (of an animal) that has died a natural death, probably < mort- , mors death (see mort n.1) + -cīnus (in porcīnus porcine adj., hircīnus hircine adj., etc.; compare -ine suffix1). Compare also Spanish mortecino , adjective (end of 10th cent.), Catalan mortehí , adjective, Italian morticina , noun, morticino , adjective (both end of 13th cent.). With sense 2 compare Italian lana morticina wool of dead animals (14th cent.).English and Anglo-Norman forms in -k- perhaps show influence of -kin suffix; compare morling n. Perhaps compare also Old English myrten carrion, (as adjective: of an animal that has not been slaughtered) dead.
Now Scottish and rare.
1. An animal that has died from disease or by accident.In quot. 1530: (apparently) an aborted or stillborn animal.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > death > dead person or the dead > [noun] > dead animal
morkina1450
morling1636
a1450 in J. Kail 26 Polit. Poems (1904) 91 As mortkyn forsaken, she let me liȝe.
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 246/1 Morkyn a beest, auortin.
1597 Bp. J. Hall Virgidemiarum: 1st 3 Bks. iii. iv. 58 Could he not sacrifice Some sorry morkin that vnbidden dies?
1656 T. Blount Glossographia Morkein or Morkin..among huntsmen is a Deer that dies by some disease or mischance.
1786 Burns's Poems Gloss. Braxie, a morkin sheep.
1927 Trans. Dumfries & Galloway Nat. Hist. & Antiquarian Soc. 13 32 Merkins, dead lambs. I had never heard the word until I came to Scaur.
2. The skin of a sheep or lamb that has died. Also morkin fell. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > skin or hide > skin with hair attached or fur > [noun] > of sheep > types of
scalding1429
shorling1429
morkin1474
mort1592
mort skin1624
1474 in R. R. Sharpe Cal. Let.-bks. London (1912) L. 117 Item, c Morkyn' and lamb Felles, iiij de.
1582 Rates Custome House (new ed.) sig. Fv Lamb skinnes called Morkins.
1606 in Merchant Venturess Bristol (1952) ix. 165 Item euery thowsand of murkins, sheepe fells or Conny skins shall pay ijd.
1640 in J. Noorthouck New Hist. London (1773) 843/1 Skins, morkins, tawed or raw.
1660 Act 12 Chas. II c. 4 Sched. 2 Lambe skins vocant Morekins.

Compounds

morkin-gnoff n. [ < morkin n.1 + gnoff n.] Obsolete rare a miser.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > retaining > niggardliness or meanness > [noun] > niggard or mean person > miser or hoarder of wealth
chinch?a1300
wretch1303
chincher1333
muckererc1390
mokerarda1400
muglard1440
gatherer?a1513
hoarder?a1513
warner1513
hardhead1519
snudge1545
cob1548
snidge1548
muckmonger1566
mucker1567
miser?1577
scrape-penny1584
money-miser1586
gromwell-gainer1588
muckscrape1589
muckworm1598
scrib1600
muckraker1601
morkin-gnoff1602
scrape-scall1602
incubo1607
accumulator1611
gripe-money1611
scrape-good1611
silver-hider1611
gripe1621
scrapeling1629
clutch1630
scrape-pelfa1640
volpone1672
spare-penny1707
save-all1729
bagger1740
spare-thrift1803
money-codger1818
hunger-rot1828
muckrake1850
muckthrift1852
gripe-penny1860
hugger-mugger1862
Scrooge1940
1602 W. Basse Sword & Buckler sig. Biij A morkin-gnoffe that..Sits carping how t'advance his shapelesse brood.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

morkinn.2

Forms: 1500s morkyn.
Origin: A borrowing from Middle Low German. Etymon: Middle Low German morken.
Etymology: < Middle Low German morken, mȫrken, moerken, moirken < Mōr Moor n.2 (with reference to the blackness of the coin) + -ken (see -kin suffix). Compare Middle High German mörche, Middle Dutch moorkijn, morkijn, Middle French mourequin (late 15th cent.), post-classical Latin morikinus (1360). The coin was also known as a hohlringheller.
Obsolete. rare.
A small base silver coin weighing about 0.3 grams, issued in Cologne in the 15–17th centuries.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > money > medium of exchange or currency > coins collective > foreign coins > [noun] > German or Prussian coins
hellera1549
kreutzera1549
morkina1549
pfenniga1549
dollar1553
batz1568
fennin1611
groschen1617
mariengroschen1617
mark1727
schilling1753
thaler1787
Joachimsthaler1831
tail-ducat1864
krone1871
a1549 A. Borde Fyrst Bk. Introd. Knowl. (1870) xiv. 161 In Hygh Almayne..they haue Morkyns, Halardes, Phenyngs.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2002; most recently modified version published online December 2020).
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n.1a1450n.2a1549
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