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单词 morgan
释义

morgann.1

Origin: Probably from a proper name. Etymon: proper name Morgan.
Etymology: Probably < the surname Morgan (see quot. 1659).
slang. Obsolete.
A counterfeit 20-shilling coin in circulation in the mid 17th cent.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > money > medium of exchange or currency > coins collective > false coin > [noun] > specific
crockard1300
lushburg1346
pollarda1387
rosarya1387
eagle1577
Leonine1577
morgan1659
rap1724
mitre1749
Paduan1770
Bungtown copper or cent1787
rap halfpenny1787
stampee1795
Jack1851
1659 T. Fuller Appeal Iniured Innocence i. 65 There were lately false twenty Shilling pieces, (commonly called Morgans) coyned by a cunning and cheating Chymist.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2019).

morgann.2

Brit. /ˈmɔːɡ(ə)n/, U.S. /ˈmɔrɡ(ə)n/
Forms: 1600s– morgan, 1800s margan, 1800s– margin, 1800s– margon, 1800s– morgin.
Origin: Of uncertain origin.
Etymology: Origin uncertain. Related to marg n., which may be a shortened form. Perhaps ultimately related to maythe n.; compare also marvins in quot. 1988 as an alternative name.
Now English regional (Sussex, Hampshire, and Isle of Wight).
Any of several kinds of mayweed occurring as weeds; esp. stinking chamomile, Anthemis cotula. Also: the ox-eye daisy, Leucanthemum vulgare (more fully Dutch morgan).
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the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular medicinal plants or parts > [noun] > camomile
camomilea1300
whitewort?c1400
camovynec1550
anthemis1551
morgan1669
Roman chamomile1721
ox-eye1731
1669 J. Worlidge Systema Agriculturæ 168 Mugwort, Morgan, Wormwood,..or other bitter or noisome Weeds or Herbs.
a1722 E. Lisle Observ. Husbandry (1757) 448 I filled my meads with morgan and other trumpery.
1766 Compl. Farmer (at cited word) Morgan, the same with May-weed.
1847 J. O. Halliwell Dict. Archaic & Provinc. Words II Margan, the stinking camomile.
1856 W. A. Bromfield Flora Vectensis 263 Plant well known to reapers by the name of Morgin, and unanimously accused of blistering the feet, hands and open bosoms of those employed in making up the corn into shocks.
1886 J. Britten & R. Holland Dict. Eng. Plant-names 341 Dutch Morgan, Chrysanthemum Leucanthemum.
1892 Times 15 Feb. 12/1 A large number of ewes are said to have aborted in one farm in Hampshire through being fed on hay containing ‘morgan’ or ‘hay weed’.
1988 J. Lavers Dict. Isle of Wight Dial. 56 Morgan. Also marvins. The stinking chamomile.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

Morgann.3

Brit. /ˈmɔːɡ(ə)n/, U.S. /ˈmɔrɡ(ə)n/
Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Morgan.
Etymology: < the name of Justin Morgan (1747–98), U.S. teacher and owner of the stallion from which the breed is descended.
U.S.
A breed of sturdy, compact horse developed in New England and used for a variety of purposes; a horse of this breed. Frequently attributive.
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the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > horse defined by breed > [noun] > miscellaneous breeds
Frison?a1400
jennet1463
garron1540
Galloway1598
ghoonta1613
Goonhilly1640
forester1712
yabu1753
Highland pony1768
Narragansett pacer1777
Suffolk punch1784
Nubian1790
Cleveland bay1796
cob1818
Conestoga1824
marsh tacky1826
Narragansett1826
Russian pony1829
Clydesdale1831
Turkoman1831
Morgan1841
tarpan1841
Waler1849
Percheron1855
Canuck1860
Anglo-Arabian1864
Anglo-Arab1869
Belgium1878
Palouse1881
standardbred1888
Belgium draught horse1889
saddlebred1891
Timor pony1895
Haflinger1899
Argentine1901
Belgian1907
palomino1914
Appaloosa1924
Trakehner1926
Lipizzaner1928
Tennessee walking horse1938
Bhotia1939
cremello1944
Akhal-Teke1947
Palouse horse1947
Tennessee walker1960
Falabella1977
1841 Spirit of Times 24 July 246/3 They are known as the ‘Morgan breed’.
1849 New Eng. Farmer 1 314 There has never been a stock of horses in New England which has proved so generally useful as the Morgan stock of the original Morgan horse, raised by Justin Morgan..in 1793.
1869 C. L. Brace New West xiv. 187 Each coach well made and comfortable, with six horses, evidently picked Morgans.
1884 J. Hay Bread-winners v. 77 If you don't want to talk, a train of Morgan horses couldn't make you.
1906 W. Churchill Coniston 22 The tough little Morgans of that time..have all but disappeared.
1934 Dict. Amer. Biogr. XIII. 183/1 Before the middle of the nineteenth century Morgan horses had become a distinct type or breed, famed throughout the country for their attractive appearance and their endurance, docility, and utility as driving, riding, cavalry, stage, and general-purpose horses.
1973 Washington Post 13 Jan. f1/7 (advt.) Must sell this w[ee]kend.—Dark bay Morgan gelding, 15·2 h, good temperament, excel. hunter prospect.
1992 Morgan Horse Nov. 25/1 The one thing the classic good Morgan has got that the classic English horse of today hasn't is that wonderful curvaceous upheaded outline.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

morgann.4

Brit. /ˈmɔːɡ(ə)n/, U.S. /ˈmɔrɡ(ə)n/
Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Morgan.
Etymology: < the name of Thomas Hunt Morgan (1866–1945), U.S. geneticist and zoologist.
Genetics.
A unit of the relative distance on a chromosome between two linked genes, defined such that the distance in morgans between two genes is equal to the frequency of crossing over between them when they are close enough together for the effect of multiple crossing over to be negligible (i.e. one morgan is equal to a frequency of crossing over of 100 per cent).On linkage maps, distances between genes are usually expressed in centimorgans (one hundredth of a morgan).
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the world > life > biology > laboratory analysis > measure > [noun] > unit
international unit1857
microunit1900
morgan1919
megaunit1920
S1942
Svedberg unit1942
quantum1952
Somogyi unit1956
cistron1957
1919 J. B. S. Haldane in Jrnl. Genetics 8 305 Let x be the distance between the loci of two factors, y their cross-over value, and let the unit of distance be chosen so that when y is sufficiently small x becomes equal to y... The value of y for a given value of x is the sum of the probabilities of all odd numbers of cross-overs. ∴y =..½ (1 − e−2x)... It is suggested that the unit of distance in a chromosome as defined above be termed a ‘morgan’, on the analogy of the ohm, volt, etc. Morgan's unit of distance is therefore a centimorgan.
1919 J. B. S. Haldane in Jrnl. Genetics 8 305 The cross-over values ·412 and ·236 correspond, according to curve (c),..to distances of ·549 and ·261 morgans respectively.
1965 J. A. Serra Mod. Genetics I. vii. 260 Map distances between gene loci are the cross-over values expressed as percentages of recombination for small intervals. Thus, 1% of recombination is often called one cross-over unit..or a centimorgan... One morgan is equal to 100 centimorgans. [Note] Some authors call a cross-over unit one morgan.
1971 Nature 24 Dec. 475/1 Pedigree studies by Lawler and her co-workers established a close linkage (0·03 morgans) between Rh, the rhesus set of blood group loci, and one of the loci, El1, that can lead to elliptocytosis of the red cell.
1993 Theoret. & Appl. Genetics 86 492 The average map distance between the quantitative trait loci..and their nearest marker was 0.15 Morgans.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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