单词 | morgan |
释义 | † morgann.1 slang. Obsolete. A counterfeit 20-shilling coin in circulation in the mid 17th cent. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > money > medium of exchange or currency > coins collective > false coin > [noun] > specific crockard1300 lushburg1346 pollarda1387 rosarya1387 eagle1577 Leonine1577 morgan1659 rap1724 mitre1749 Paduan1770 Bungtown copper or cent1787 rap halfpenny1787 stampee1795 Jack1851 1659 T. Fuller Appeal Iniured Innocence i. 65 There were lately false twenty Shilling pieces, (commonly called Morgans) coyned by a cunning and cheating Chymist. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2019). morgann.2 Now English regional (Sussex, Hampshire, and Isle of Wight). Any of several kinds of mayweed occurring as weeds; esp. stinking chamomile, Anthemis cotula. Also: the ox-eye daisy, Leucanthemum vulgare (more fully Dutch morgan). ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular medicinal plants or parts > [noun] > camomile camomilea1300 whitewort?c1400 camovynec1550 anthemis1551 morgan1669 Roman chamomile1721 ox-eye1731 1669 J. Worlidge Systema Agriculturæ 168 Mugwort, Morgan, Wormwood,..or other bitter or noisome Weeds or Herbs. a1722 E. Lisle Observ. Husbandry (1757) 448 I filled my meads with morgan and other trumpery. 1766 Compl. Farmer (at cited word) Morgan, the same with May-weed. 1847 J. O. Halliwell Dict. Archaic & Provinc. Words II Margan, the stinking camomile. 1856 W. A. Bromfield Flora Vectensis 263 Plant well known to reapers by the name of Morgin, and unanimously accused of blistering the feet, hands and open bosoms of those employed in making up the corn into shocks. 1886 J. Britten & R. Holland Dict. Eng. Plant-names 341 Dutch Morgan, Chrysanthemum Leucanthemum. 1892 Times 15 Feb. 12/1 A large number of ewes are said to have aborted in one farm in Hampshire through being fed on hay containing ‘morgan’ or ‘hay weed’. 1988 J. Lavers Dict. Isle of Wight Dial. 56 Morgan. Also marvins. The stinking chamomile. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022). Morgann.3 U.S. A breed of sturdy, compact horse developed in New England and used for a variety of purposes; a horse of this breed. Frequently attributive. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > horse defined by breed > [noun] > miscellaneous breeds Frison?a1400 jennet1463 garron1540 Galloway1598 ghoonta1613 Goonhilly1640 forester1712 yabu1753 Highland pony1768 Narragansett pacer1777 Suffolk punch1784 Nubian1790 Cleveland bay1796 cob1818 Conestoga1824 marsh tacky1826 Narragansett1826 Russian pony1829 Clydesdale1831 Turkoman1831 Morgan1841 tarpan1841 Waler1849 Percheron1855 Canuck1860 Anglo-Arabian1864 Anglo-Arab1869 Belgium1878 Palouse1881 standardbred1888 Belgium draught horse1889 saddlebred1891 Timor pony1895 Haflinger1899 Argentine1901 Belgian1907 palomino1914 Appaloosa1924 Trakehner1926 Lipizzaner1928 Tennessee walking horse1938 Bhotia1939 cremello1944 Akhal-Teke1947 Palouse horse1947 Tennessee walker1960 Falabella1977 1841 Spirit of Times 24 July 246/3 They are known as the ‘Morgan breed’. 1849 New Eng. Farmer 1 314 There has never been a stock of horses in New England which has proved so generally useful as the Morgan stock of the original Morgan horse, raised by Justin Morgan..in 1793. 1869 C. L. Brace New West xiv. 187 Each coach well made and comfortable, with six horses, evidently picked Morgans. 1884 J. Hay Bread-winners v. 77 If you don't want to talk, a train of Morgan horses couldn't make you. 1906 W. Churchill Coniston 22 The tough little Morgans of that time..have all but disappeared. 1934 Dict. Amer. Biogr. XIII. 183/1 Before the middle of the nineteenth century Morgan horses had become a distinct type or breed, famed throughout the country for their attractive appearance and their endurance, docility, and utility as driving, riding, cavalry, stage, and general-purpose horses. 1973 Washington Post 13 Jan. f1/7 (advt.) Must sell this w[ee]kend.—Dark bay Morgan gelding, 15·2 h, good temperament, excel. hunter prospect. 1992 Morgan Horse Nov. 25/1 The one thing the classic good Morgan has got that the classic English horse of today hasn't is that wonderful curvaceous upheaded outline. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022). morgann.4 Genetics. A unit of the relative distance on a chromosome between two linked genes, defined such that the distance in morgans between two genes is equal to the frequency of crossing over between them when they are close enough together for the effect of multiple crossing over to be negligible (i.e. one morgan is equal to a frequency of crossing over of 100 per cent).On linkage maps, distances between genes are usually expressed in centimorgans (one hundredth of a morgan). ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > laboratory analysis > measure > [noun] > unit international unit1857 microunit1900 morgan1919 megaunit1920 S1942 Svedberg unit1942 quantum1952 Somogyi unit1956 cistron1957 1919 J. B. S. Haldane in Jrnl. Genetics 8 305 Let x be the distance between the loci of two factors, y their cross-over value, and let the unit of distance be chosen so that when y is sufficiently small x becomes equal to y... The value of y for a given value of x is the sum of the probabilities of all odd numbers of cross-overs. ∴y =..½ (1 − e−2x)... It is suggested that the unit of distance in a chromosome as defined above be termed a ‘morgan’, on the analogy of the ohm, volt, etc. Morgan's unit of distance is therefore a centimorgan. 1919 J. B. S. Haldane in Jrnl. Genetics 8 305 The cross-over values ·412 and ·236 correspond, according to curve (c),..to distances of ·549 and ·261 morgans respectively. 1965 J. A. Serra Mod. Genetics I. vii. 260 Map distances between gene loci are the cross-over values expressed as percentages of recombination for small intervals. Thus, 1% of recombination is often called one cross-over unit..or a centimorgan... One morgan is equal to 100 centimorgans. [Note] Some authors call a cross-over unit one morgan. 1971 Nature 24 Dec. 475/1 Pedigree studies by Lawler and her co-workers established a close linkage (0·03 morgans) between Rh, the rhesus set of blood group loci, and one of the loci, El1, that can lead to elliptocytosis of the red cell. 1993 Theoret. & Appl. Genetics 86 492 The average map distance between the quantitative trait loci..and their nearest marker was 0.15 Morgans. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < |
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