margarinen.adj.

Brit.

/ˌmɑːdʒəˈriːn/,

/ˌmɑːɡəˈriːn/, U.S.

/ˈmɑrdʒ(ə)rən/

Forms: 1800s– margarin, 1800s– margarine.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French margarine.

Etymology: < French margarine margarin n. (an application arising from a misconception about the chemical nature of the substance). Compare oleomargarine n.For the coinage in French note the following patents by A. M. Mège:1869 in Descr. des Machines et Procédés: Brevets d'Invention (1884) 109 xiv. iii. 12/2 Le corps gras obtenu ci-dessus est composé, comme le beurre, de margarine, d'oléine et d'un peu d'huile odorante.1874 in Descr. des Machines et Procédés: Brevets d'Invention (1884) 109 xiv. iii. 13/2 L'oléomargarine, nommé vulgairement margarine, sortant de la presse, a la même composition que le beurre. N.E.D. (1905) gives as the pronunciation only (mā·ɹgărīn), with /-ɡ-/; this pronunciation, which became rare in the second half of the 20th cent., probably underlies the nickname Maggie Ann (see maggie n. 4). N.E.D. (1902), however, s.v. Oleomargarine, notes that the latter is ‘Often mispronounced (-mā·ɹdʒərīn), as if spelt -margerine ’ (i.e. with /-dʒ-/). The latter pronunciation is recorded in 1913 (with subordinate status) by H. Michaelis & D. Jones Phonetic Dict. Eng. Lang.; the shortened form marge , in which -ge also implies pronunciation with /-dʒ-/, is attested within ten years of this (see 1922 at marge n.²). The shift of stress, outside North American English, from the first to the final syllable is also first evidenced in the 1913 source.

A. n.

A substance made by emulsifying vegetable oils or animal fats with water, milk, etc., and used as a spread (on bread, etc.) and as a cooking fat, originally as a substitute for butter. Cf. butterine n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > fat or oil > [noun] > vegetable oil or margarine

palm oil1625

vegetable oil1651

butter of mace1694

Negro-oil1753

sunflower oil1768

Galam butter1782

vegetable butter1790

vegetable fat1797

winter oil1811

butter substitute1834

red palm oil1836

butter oil1844

shea butter1847

palm butter1848

vegetable lard1859

palm-kernel oil1863

butterine1866

margarine1873

oleomargarine1873

bosch1879

oleo1884

oleo oil1884

vegetable shortening1892

Nucoline1894

almond butter1895

nut butter1896

Nutter1906

marge1919

Maggie Ann1931

sun oil1937

vanaspati1949

maggie1971

canola oil1982

the world > food and drink > food > fat or oil > [noun] > used in baking

suet1675

shortening1796

marge1919

lard1974

margarine1996

1873 U.S. Patent 146012 2/1 In all cases the oleo margarine is separated from the stearine. When it is cold..it constitutes..a greasy matter of very good taste, and which may replace the butter in the kitchen, where it is employed under the name of ‘margarine’.

1876 World 5 No. 111. 12 Margarine is no novelty; it was brought out two or three years ago in Paris.

1888 Times 3 Jan. 4/5 After adopting successively the names ‘oleomargarine’, ‘butterine’, and ‘margarine’, Parliament finally, after several struggles, resolved on the last.

1888 Times 3 Jan. 9/4 Margarine, as we formally record this morning, has begun its actual legislative existence.

1890 Garden & Forest 3 579/1 With regard to its chemical composition, cocoanut butter differs from most other fats, and particularly butter, lard and margarin.

1907 Act 7 Edward VII c. 21 §13 For the purposes of the Sale of Food and Drugs Act and this Act the expression ‘margarine’ shall mean any article of food, whether mixed with butter or not, which resembles butter and is not milk-blended butter.

1931 Science 13 Mar. 279/2 The oleomargarin law was amended so as to put all yellow colored margarins under the ten cent per pound tax... The new regulations are to be applied because of the recent development of natural colored palm oil margarin.

1957 Minutes Agric. Food Standards Comm. Rep. Ice Cream (H.M.S.O.) 4 The bulk of ice cream now produced in this country is made from margarine and other non-milk fats.

1987 M. Collins Angel iii. 42 They did not sell many things. Flour..margarine, little cakes.

1996 BBC Good Food Easter 54/2 Rub in the margarine or shortening until it resembles breadcrumbs, then add about four tablespoons of cold water.

B. adj. (attributive).

Sham, bogus, counterfeit.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > forgery, falsification > [adjective]

counterfeitedc1385

counterfeitc1386

trothlessa1393

bastard1397

forged1484

apocryphate1486

adulterate?a1509

mockisha1513

sophisticate1531

adulterine1542

adulterous1547

mock1548

forbate1558

coined1582

firking1594

feigned1598

adulterated1610

apocryphal1612

spurious1615

usurpeda1616

impostured1619

mock-madea1625

suppository1641

affictitious1656

pasteboard1659

sophisticated1673

flam1678

Brummagem1679

sham1681

belieda1718

fictitious1739

Birmingham1785

pinchbeck1790

brummish1803

Brum1805

flash1812

spurious1830

bogus1839

imitative1839

dummy1846

doctored1853

postiche1854

pseudo1854

Brummagemish1855

snide1859

inauthentic1860

fake1879

bum1884

Brummie1886

tin1886

filled1887

duff1889

faked1890

shicec1890

margarine1891

dud1904

Potemkin village1904

mocked-up1919

phoney baloney1936

four-flushing1942

bodgie1956

moody1958

disauthentic1960

bodgied1988

bodgied-up1988

1891 F. S. Haden in 19th Cent. May 780 One of those things which I fear I must call a ‘margarine’ substitute for an etching.

1897 Sir W. Harcourt in Daily News 26 Nov. 3/3 Take care you do not get margarine Liberalism.

1939 J. B. Priestley in Observer 20 Aug. 9/5 The 'isms of our time are really substitute religions, margarine beliefs.

1986 E. Van Lustbader Shan ii. 238 Stalin and Molotov had called Mao and his followers ‘margarine Communists’ because their revolution had come via the peasants and not the proletariat as was strict Karl Marx scripture.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.

margarine factory n.

ΚΠ

1895 Westm. Gaz. 11 Sept. 3/2 Other particulars about the margarine factories.

margarine works n.

ΚΠ

1909 Chambers's Jrnl. Jan. 24/1 Margarine works are equipped with cooling machinery.

C2.

Margarine Act n. now historical the Act of Parliament (50 & 51 Vict. (1887) c. 29; repealed in 1928) by which the name margarine was given to butter imitations.

ΚΠ

1887 Act 50 & 51 Vict. c. 29 §1 This Act may be cited as the Margarine Act, 1887.

1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 222/2 The Margarine Act of 1887 was extended to margarine cheese, the obligatory labelling of margarine packages was more precisely regulated, [etc.].

margarine cheese n. now rare cheese made either partly or wholly without milk.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > dairy produce > cheese > [noun] > cheese substitutes

cheesine1884

soy cheese1890

margarine cheese1899

1899 Act 62 & 63 Vict. c. 51 §25 The expression ‘margarine-cheese’ means any substance, whether compound or otherwise, which is prepared in imitation of cheese, and which contains fat not derived from milk.

1902 Encycl. Brit. XXV. 93/2 From America cheese has come into the English market, made from skim-milk which has again been provided with fatty matter, generally emulsified margarine—hence the term ‘margarine cheese’ or ‘filled cheese’.

1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 222/2 The Margarine Act of 1887 was extended to margarine cheese.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	margarine
释义	margarinen.adj. Brit. /ˌmɑːdʒəˈriːn/, /ˌmɑːɡəˈriːn/, U.S. /ˈmɑrdʒ(ə)rən/ Forms: 1800s– margarin, 1800s– margarine. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French margarine. Etymology: < French margarine margarin n. (an application arising from a misconception about the chemical nature of the substance). Compare oleomargarine n.For the coinage in French note the following patents by A. M. Mège:1869 in Descr. des Machines et Procédés: Brevets d'Invention (1884) 109 xiv. iii. 12/2 Le corps gras obtenu ci-dessus est composé, comme le beurre, de margarine, d'oléine et d'un peu d'huile odorante.1874 in Descr. des Machines et Procédés: Brevets d'Invention (1884) 109 xiv. iii. 13/2 L'oléomargarine, nommé vulgairement margarine, sortant de la presse, a la même composition que le beurre. N.E.D. (1905) gives as the pronunciation only (mā·ɹgărīn), with /-ɡ-/; this pronunciation, which became rare in the second half of the 20th cent., probably underlies the nickname Maggie Ann (see maggie n. 4). N.E.D. (1902), however, s.v. Oleomargarine, notes that the latter is ‘Often mispronounced (-mā·ɹdʒərīn), as if spelt -margerine ’ (i.e. with /-dʒ-/). The latter pronunciation is recorded in 1913 (with subordinate status) by H. Michaelis & D. Jones Phonetic Dict. Eng. Lang.; the shortened form marge , in which -ge also implies pronunciation with /-dʒ-/, is attested within ten years of this (see 1922 at marge n.²). The shift of stress, outside North American English, from the first to the final syllable is also first evidenced in the 1913 source. A. n. A substance made by emulsifying vegetable oils or animal fats with water, milk, etc., and used as a spread (on bread, etc.) and as a cooking fat, originally as a substitute for butter. Cf. butterine n. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > fat or oil > [noun] > vegetable oil or margarine palm oil1625 vegetable oil1651 butter of mace1694 Negro-oil1753 sunflower oil1768 Galam butter1782 vegetable butter1790 vegetable fat1797 winter oil1811 butter substitute1834 red palm oil1836 butter oil1844 shea butter1847 palm butter1848 vegetable lard1859 palm-kernel oil1863 butterine1866 margarine1873 oleomargarine1873 bosch1879 oleo1884 oleo oil1884 vegetable shortening1892 Nucoline1894 almond butter1895 nut butter1896 Nutter1906 marge1919 Maggie Ann1931 sun oil1937 vanaspati1949 maggie1971 canola oil1982 the world > food and drink > food > fat or oil > [noun] > used in baking suet1675 shortening1796 marge1919 lard1974 margarine1996 1873 U.S. Patent 146012 2/1 In all cases the oleo margarine is separated from the stearine. When it is cold..it constitutes..a greasy matter of very good taste, and which may replace the butter in the kitchen, where it is employed under the name of ‘margarine’. 1876 World 5 No. 111. 12 Margarine is no novelty; it was brought out two or three years ago in Paris. 1888 Times 3 Jan. 4/5 After adopting successively the names ‘oleomargarine’, ‘butterine’, and ‘margarine’, Parliament finally, after several struggles, resolved on the last. 1888 Times 3 Jan. 9/4 Margarine, as we formally record this morning, has begun its actual legislative existence. 1890 Garden & Forest 3 579/1 With regard to its chemical composition, cocoanut butter differs from most other fats, and particularly butter, lard and margarin. 1907 Act 7 Edward VII c. 21 §13 For the purposes of the Sale of Food and Drugs Act and this Act the expression ‘margarine’ shall mean any article of food, whether mixed with butter or not, which resembles butter and is not milk-blended butter. 1931 Science 13 Mar. 279/2 The oleomargarin law was amended so as to put all yellow colored margarins under the ten cent per pound tax... The new regulations are to be applied because of the recent development of natural colored palm oil margarin. 1957 Minutes Agric. Food Standards Comm. Rep. Ice Cream (H.M.S.O.) 4 The bulk of ice cream now produced in this country is made from margarine and other non-milk fats. 1987 M. Collins Angel iii. 42 They did not sell many things. Flour..margarine, little cakes. 1996 BBC Good Food Easter 54/2 Rub in the margarine or shortening until it resembles breadcrumbs, then add about four tablespoons of cold water. B. adj. (attributive). Sham, bogus, counterfeit. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > forgery, falsification > [adjective] counterfeitedc1385 counterfeitc1386 trothlessa1393 bastard1397 forged1484 apocryphate1486 adulterate?a1509 mockisha1513 sophisticate1531 adulterine1542 adulterous1547 mock1548 forbate1558 coined1582 firking1594 feigned1598 adulterated1610 apocryphal1612 spurious1615 usurpeda1616 impostured1619 mock-madea1625 suppository1641 affictitious1656 pasteboard1659 sophisticated1673 flam1678 Brummagem1679 sham1681 belieda1718 fictitious1739 Birmingham1785 pinchbeck1790 brummish1803 Brum1805 flash1812 spurious1830 bogus1839 imitative1839 dummy1846 doctored1853 postiche1854 pseudo1854 Brummagemish1855 snide1859 inauthentic1860 fake1879 bum1884 Brummie1886 tin1886 filled1887 duff1889 faked1890 shicec1890 margarine1891 dud1904 Potemkin village1904 mocked-up1919 phoney baloney1936 four-flushing1942 bodgie1956 moody1958 disauthentic1960 bodgied1988 bodgied-up1988 1891 F. S. Haden in 19th Cent. May 780 One of those things which I fear I must call a ‘margarine’ substitute for an etching. 1897 Sir W. Harcourt in Daily News 26 Nov. 3/3 Take care you do not get margarine Liberalism. 1939 J. B. Priestley in Observer 20 Aug. 9/5 The 'isms of our time are really substitute religions, margarine beliefs. 1986 E. Van Lustbader Shan ii. 238 Stalin and Molotov had called Mao and his followers ‘margarine Communists’ because their revolution had come via the peasants and not the proletariat as was strict Karl Marx scripture. Compounds C1. General attributive. margarine factory n. ΚΠ 1895 Westm. Gaz. 11 Sept. 3/2 Other particulars about the margarine factories. margarine works n. ΚΠ 1909 Chambers's Jrnl. Jan. 24/1 Margarine works are equipped with cooling machinery. C2. Margarine Act n. now historical the Act of Parliament (50 & 51 Vict. (1887) c. 29; repealed in 1928) by which the name margarine was given to butter imitations. ΚΠ 1887 Act 50 & 51 Vict. c. 29 §1 This Act may be cited as the Margarine Act, 1887. 1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 222/2 The Margarine Act of 1887 was extended to margarine cheese, the obligatory labelling of margarine packages was more precisely regulated, [etc.]. margarine cheese n. now rare cheese made either partly or wholly without milk. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > dairy produce > cheese > [noun] > cheese substitutes cheesine1884 soy cheese1890 margarine cheese1899 1899 Act 62 & 63 Vict. c. 51 §25 The expression ‘margarine-cheese’ means any substance, whether compound or otherwise, which is prepared in imitation of cheese, and which contains fat not derived from milk. 1902 Encycl. Brit. XXV. 93/2 From America cheese has come into the English market, made from skim-milk which has again been provided with fatty matter, generally emulsified margarine—hence the term ‘margarine cheese’ or ‘filled cheese’. 1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 222/2 The Margarine Act of 1887 was extended to margarine cheese. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022). margarinev. Brit. /ˌmɑːdʒəˈriːn/, /ˌmɑːɡəˈriːn/, U.S. /ˈmɑrdʒ(ə)rən/ Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: margarine n. Etymology: < margarine n. transitive. To spread (bread, etc.) with margarine. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > garnishing > garnish [verb (transitive)] > spread with butter or margarine buttera1475 bebutter1611 margarine1960 1918 Punch 15 May 315 She knows which side her bread's margarined. 1960 D. Storey This Sporting Life ii. i. 159 She..began to margarine the bread. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.1873v.1918
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margarinen.adj.

Compounds

margarinev.