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单词 mali
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malin.1

Brit. /ˈmɑːli/, U.S. /ˈmɑli/
Forms: 1700s–1800s maully, 1700s–1800s molly, 1800s malee, 1800s mallee, 1800s mauly, 1800s mollee, 1800s molley, 1800s– mallie, 1900s– mali, 1900s– malley, 1900s– malli.
Origin: A borrowing from Hindi. Etymon: Hindi mālī.
Etymology: < Hindi mālī (cognates in a number of Indo-Aryan languages) < Sanskrit mālīn gardener, person who works with flowers < mālā garland, wreath. O.E.D. Suppl. (1976) shows that the pronunciation until at least the beginning of the 20th cent. was (mǭ·li) /ˈmɔːli/, which is probably due to early modern English identification of foreign /ɑː/ with the sounds written au and o, as several of the variant spellings imply.
In South Asia: a member of a caste whose traditional occupation is gardening; any non-European gardener.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > gardening > gardener > [noun]
leightonwardc1000
curtilera1300
gardenerc1300
gardener1340
curtelaina1400
hortulan1526
ortolan1526
Adamist1623
fosterer1628
gardeneressa1645
under-gardener1687
horticulist1754
horticultor1760
yard boy1776
garden boy1798
horticulturist1818
plantsman1881
mali1908
plantswoman1933
1759 Wages Tariff in J. Long Select. Rec. Govt. relating to Bengal (1869) 182 House Molly..2 Rs.
1810 T. Williamson E. India Vade-mecum I. 261 The Mauly, or gardener, next claims attention.
1822 J. M. Good Study Med. II. 860 Such people as have their feet and hands frequently in cold water or earth, such as..Dobys (washerwomen) and Mollies (gardeners) in the upper provinces of India.
1852 Life in Bombay 23 There must be from one to six Molleys, or gardeners.
1879 Mrs. A. G. F. E. James Indian Househ. Managem. 63 We soon got a mallee, or gardener, and a garden-coolie.
1908 C. Sorabji Between Twilights xii. 150 While my Mali and I did tidyings in the Garden, I spoke to him gently about the plant.
1934 ‘G. Orwell’ Burmese Days ii. 20 A nearly naked mali, watering-can in hand.
1971 Hindustan Times Weekly (New Delhi) 4 Apr. 10/7 The groundsmen and malis were being paid from the University Sports Fund.
1991 M. Tully No Full Stops in India (1992) vii. 215 She was having an affair with a boy from the mali or gardeners' caste.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

malin.2

Brit. /ˈmɑːli/, U.S. /ˈmɑli/, South African English /ˈmɑːli/
Forms: 1800s marlie, 1800s– mali, 1900s– mahli.
Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Xhosa. Partly a borrowing from Zulu. Etymons: Xhosa imali; Zulu imali.
Etymology: Partly < Xhosa imali and partly < Zulu imali money, both < money n.
South African.
Money, cash.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > money > [noun]
silverc825
feec870
pennieseOE
wortheOE
mintOE
scata1122
spense?c1225
spendinga1290
sumc1300
gooda1325
moneya1325
cattlec1330
muckc1330
reasona1382
pecunyc1400
gilt1497
argentc1500
gelta1529
Mammon1539
ale silver1541
scruff1559
the sinews of war1560
sterling1565
lour1567
will-do-all1583
shell1591
trasha1592
quinyie1596
brass1597
pecuniary1604
dust1607
nomisma1614
countera1616
cross and pilea1625
gingerbreada1625
rhinoa1628
cash1646
grig1657
spanker1663
cole1673
goree1699
mopus1699
quid1699
ribbin1699
bustle1763
necessary1772
stuff1775
needfula1777
iron1785
(the) Spanish1788
pecuniar1793
kelter1807
dibs1812
steven1812
pewter1814
brad1819
pogue1819
rent1823
stumpy1828
posh1830
L. S. D.1835
rivetc1835
tin1836
mint sauce1839
nobbins1846
ochre1846
dingbat1848
dough1848
cheese1850
California1851
mali1851
ducat1853
pay dirt1853
boodle?1856
dinero1856
scad1856
the shiny1856
spondulicks1857
rust1858
soap1860
sugar1862
coin1874
filthy1876
wampum1876
ooftish1877
shekel1883
oil1885
oof1885
mon1888
Jack1890
sploshc1890
bees and honey1892
spending-brass1896
stiff1897
mazuma1900
mazoom1901
cabbage1903
lettuce1903
Oscar Asche1905
jingle1906
doubloons1908
kale1912
scratch1914
green1917
oscar1917
snow1925
poke1926
oodle1930
potatos1931
bread1935
moolah1936
acker1939
moo1941
lolly1943
loot1943
poppy1943
mazoola1944
dosh1953
bickies1966
lovely jubbly1990
scrilla1994
1851 J. F. Churchill Jrnl. 7 Jan. (Killie Campbell Africana Library MS37) 14 One Caffir..came to ask for work and when asked how much marlie replied one pound a month.
1893 R. Blennerhassett Adventures in Mashonaland vi. 181 He appears stretching out his hands for ‘mali’ (money). If the ‘mali’ is not forthcoming that very instant—good-bye to peace!
1911 P. Gibbon Margaret Harding 66 Picanin all right; plenty scoff, plenty mahli, plenty everything.
a1931 S. Black Three Plays (1984) 142 Baas, if I take now this–ten pound–and afterwards you make plenty mali out of the gold, you must give me and Grietje a job by Johannesburg and one hundred pound!
1948 A. Paton Cry, Beloved Country iii. ii. 225 And money is imali.—Right also.]
This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, June 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

Maliadj.n.3

Brit. /ˈmɑːli/, U.S. /ˈmɑli/
Forms: 1900s– Mali, 1900s– Melle, 1900s– Melli.
Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Mali.
Etymology: < the place name Mali, probably < French Mali < Arabic Mālī (also in form Māllī (14th cent.)), probably < Soninke *Malli < Manding *Mandeŋ , the name of the traditional Manding homeland (see Mande n. and adj.). Compare Fulfulde Mali (Mɛli, Malel) the Mande people. The older form of the place name, Melli, is probably < Italian Melli (1550 in Leo Africanus) < Arabic Māllī (perhaps via Spanish or Maghribi Arabic *Mēllī).
A. adj.
= Malian adj.The Federation of Mali was created in January 1959, uniting the former French colonies of Soudan and Senegal (Dahomey and Upper Volta, having planned to join, in the event withdrew). The federation broke up in August 1960, and Soudan adopted the name Mali.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > named regions of earth > Africa > [adjective] > West Africa > specific countries
Guinean1607
Congoese1765
Liberian1823
Congolese1839
Gambian1864
Mali1906
Senegambian1911
Togolese1957
Mauritanian1959
Malian1963
Ivorian1966
Biafran1967
Upper Voltan1972
1906 H. H. Johnston Liberia II. xxvii. 896 The Melli..empire..arose and flourished in Nigeria before the foundation of Timbuktu.
1911 Encycl. Brit. XVII. 565/1 It is not known by whom the Melle (Mali) state was founded... The first king whose name is preserved was Baramindana, believed to have reigned from 1213 to 1235.
1960 Daily Tel. 24 Aug. 1/1 The Mali force..was due to be withdrawn from the Congo.
1970 P. Oliver Savannah Syncopators 106 Mali lutes, Senegal kora.
1985 J. B. Wright et al. Geol. & Min. Resources W. Afr. v. 53/1 The Mali Group consists mainly of shales, dolomites and quartzites.
2011 Mali (I.M.F. Country Rep. No. 11) ii. 30 Assuming a return to normal economic conditions in Côte d'Ivoire during the second half of 2011, the crisis in that country will leave its mark on the Mali economy for about six months.
B. n.3
= Malian n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Africa > native or inhabitant of West Africa > [noun] > countries or regions
Guinean1589
Kongo1600
Gambian1744
Guinea Negro1748
Congoese1765
Sierra Leonean1791
Congolese1800
Liberian1826
Guinea-man1830
Nigerian1860
Lagosian1897
Basenji1906
Ghanaian1949
assimilado1953
Mali1960
Malian1960
Katangese1962
Biafran1967
Zairean1972
Ivorian1973
Zairois1973
Zairese1974
Upper Voltan1975
Voltaic1976
1960 Daily Tel. 24 Aug. 1/1 Irish troops of the U.N. were to have taken over from the Malis.
1975 Afr. in Soviet Stud. 1972 303 Diversified handicrafts play a much greater role in the life of the Malis than local industry.
2005 F. Bondy European Notebks. 258 The men from Mali..found themselves new and not unattractive living quarters... The Malis wanted to stay where they were, and did.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.11759n.21851adj.n.31906
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更新时间:2025/3/10 19:34:17