autocratorn.

Brit.

/ɔːˈtɒkrətə/, U.S.

/ɔˈtɑkrədər/,

/ɑˈtɑkrədər/

Forms: 1700s autokrator, 1700s– autocrator.

Origin: A borrowing from Greek; originally modelled on a Russian lexical item. Etymon: Greek αὐτοκράτωρ.

Etymology: < Hellenistic Greek and Byzantine Greek αὐτοκράτωρ title of the Roman emperor (rendering classical Latin imperātor imperator n.; specific use of ancient Greek αὐτοκράτωρ one's own master, absolute ruler < αὐτο- auto- comb. form¹ + -κράτωρ : see Pantocrator n.), originally after Russian samoderžec absolute ruler, (now obsolete) sovereign ruler (Old Russian samod′rž′c′ master, sovereign ruler, absolute ruler (1073)), itself after Byzantine Greek αὐτοκράτωρ . Compare Russian (now historical) avtokrator (formerly avtokrator″ ; 1709 or earlier as an appellation of the emperor of Russia; in later use also as title of the Byzantine emperors), French †autocrateur , title of the emperor of Russia (1754; 1719 as †authocrateur ), German †Autokrator (1738 as †Autocrator , as title of the emperor of Russia; 1794 or earlier in general sense ‘autocratic ruler’; originally with Latinate inflectional forms), all either < post-classical Latin autocrator (4th cent.) or its etymon Greek αὐτοκράτωρ . Compare later autocrat n. N.E.D. (1885) gives the pronunciation as (ǭtǫ·krătǫɹ) /ɔːˈtɒkrətɔː(r)/.

Now historical.

(A title of) an autocratic ruler.Chiefly with reference to Russian tsars, or to Roman and Byzantine emperors.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > absolute ruler > [noun]

tyrantc1330

dictatora1593

Caesar1595

absolute monarch1596

imperator1598

voluntar1650

Mogul1653

sultanist1659

sultan1662

Grand Monarque1699

autocrator1718

despot1755

autocrat1762

sultanship1823

monocrat1848

autarch1865

autarkist1938

1718 tr. Peter the Great in Prerogative of Primogeniture 4 We, Peter I, by the Grace of God, Czar and Autokrator or Emperor..of all Russia.

1787 E. A. W. von Zimmermann Polit. Surv. Europe ii. 37 The emperor, or autocrator of Russia.

a1859 J. Austin Lect. Jurispr. (1879) I. vi. 213 That our own king was monarch and autocrator in Hanover.

1894 E. Sullivan Woman v. 50 She shamed her ‘Autocrator’ and the great Belisarius out of their pusillanimity.

1920 Times 6 Mar. 16/1 Justinian's sense of equity did not forbid him to evict Theodosius in order to make room for the equestrian statue of the reigning autocrator.

1968 J. Dahmus Middle Ages iv. 140 The ruler of Byzantium was an autocrat: his title often included the very word autocrator.

2008 D. L. Lewis God's Crucible iii. 69 The Autocrator removed his gorgeous attire and walked the Via Dolorosa dressed as a simple pilgrim.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	autocrator
释义	autocratorn. Brit. /ɔːˈtɒkrətə/, U.S. /ɔˈtɑkrədər/, /ɑˈtɑkrədər/ Forms: 1700s autokrator, 1700s– autocrator. Origin: A borrowing from Greek; originally modelled on a Russian lexical item. Etymon: Greek αὐτοκράτωρ. Etymology: < Hellenistic Greek and Byzantine Greek αὐτοκράτωρ title of the Roman emperor (rendering classical Latin imperātor imperator n.; specific use of ancient Greek αὐτοκράτωρ one's own master, absolute ruler < αὐτο- auto- comb. form¹ + -κράτωρ : see Pantocrator n.), originally after Russian samoderžec absolute ruler, (now obsolete) sovereign ruler (Old Russian samod′rž′c′ master, sovereign ruler, absolute ruler (1073)), itself after Byzantine Greek αὐτοκράτωρ . Compare Russian (now historical) avtokrator (formerly avtokrator″ ; 1709 or earlier as an appellation of the emperor of Russia; in later use also as title of the Byzantine emperors), French †autocrateur , title of the emperor of Russia (1754; 1719 as †authocrateur ), German †Autokrator (1738 as †Autocrator , as title of the emperor of Russia; 1794 or earlier in general sense ‘autocratic ruler’; originally with Latinate inflectional forms), all either < post-classical Latin autocrator (4th cent.) or its etymon Greek αὐτοκράτωρ . Compare later autocrat n. N.E.D. (1885) gives the pronunciation as (ǭtǫ·krătǫɹ) /ɔːˈtɒkrətɔː(r)/. Now historical. (A title of) an autocratic ruler.Chiefly with reference to Russian tsars, or to Roman and Byzantine emperors. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > absolute ruler > [noun] tyrantc1330 dictatora1593 Caesar1595 absolute monarch1596 imperator1598 voluntar1650 Mogul1653 sultanist1659 sultan1662 Grand Monarque1699 autocrator1718 despot1755 autocrat1762 sultanship1823 monocrat1848 autarch1865 autarkist1938 1718 tr. Peter the Great in Prerogative of Primogeniture 4 We, Peter I, by the Grace of God, Czar and Autokrator or Emperor..of all Russia. 1787 E. A. W. von Zimmermann Polit. Surv. Europe ii. 37 The emperor, or autocrator of Russia. a1859 J. Austin Lect. Jurispr. (1879) I. vi. 213 That our own king was monarch and autocrator in Hanover. 1894 E. Sullivan Woman v. 50 She shamed her ‘Autocrator’ and the great Belisarius out of their pusillanimity. 1920 Times 6 Mar. 16/1 Justinian's sense of equity did not forbid him to evict Theodosius in order to make room for the equestrian statue of the reigning autocrator. 1968 J. Dahmus Middle Ages iv. 140 The ruler of Byzantium was an autocrat: his title often included the very word autocrator. 2008 D. L. Lewis God's Crucible iii. 69 The Autocrator removed his gorgeous attire and walked the Via Dolorosa dressed as a simple pilgrim. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1718
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