† astandv.

Forms: For forms see stand v.

Etymology: Old English astandan , < a- prefix¹ + standan to stand v.; compare Old High German arstantan , Middle High German erstân , modern German erstehen . But in some of the senses a- appears to represent on- (incl. ond- ), at- . Compare onstand v., atstand v.

Obsolete.

1. To stand up.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > posture > action of standing up or rising > rise or be standing [verb (intransitive)] > rise

arisec1000

astandOE

standOE

to stand upOE

risec1175

runge?c1225

uprisea1300

upstanda1300

buskc1390

to fare upa1400

to get upa1400

to win upona1400

dress1490

upget1582

up1635

raise1884

OE Beowulf 1556 Syþðan he eft astód.

1250 Laȝamon Brut 6495 Þat deor up astod.

2. To come to a stand, stop, arrive.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > absence of movement > [verb (intransitive)] > cease to move or become motionless > come to a stand or stop

abideOE

atstandc1000

steveneta1225

atstuntc1230

to make, take, etc., stallc1275

stema1300

astandc1314

withstanda1325

stintc1374

arrestc1400

stotec1400

stayc1440

steadc1475

stop short1530

disadvance1610

come1611

consist1611

check1635

halt1656

to bring to1697

to draw up1767

to bring up1769

to pull up1781

to fetch up1838

to come to a standstill1852

c1314 Guy Warw. 47 At the girdel the swerd astode.

c1400 St. Alexius 288 Þo it was liȝt At Rome hy gonne astonde.

3. To remain standing; to continue, abide, persist. Cf. onstand n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > change > absence of change, changelessness > lasting quality, permanence > be permanent [verb (intransitive)] > remain, continue

bidec893

ofstandeOE

astandc1000

restOE

holdc1175

dure1297

akeepc1300

lastc1300

arrest1393

containc1400

perseverec1425

reserve1529

to run on1533

to stick by ——1533

persist1538

persist1539

to hold up1582

retaina1631

persist1659

c1000 West Saxon Gospels: Luke (Corpus Cambr.) xxiii. 23 And hig astodon [Lindisf. on-stodon].

c1300 Beket 2015 The Clerkes..if hi wolleth her astonde, Swerie the king true to be.

c1400 St. Alexius (Laud) 234 Þat sholde hem lere..where he were a-stonde.

4. transitive and absol. To withstand. Cf. atstand v.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > difficulty > opposition > oppose [verb (transitive)] > resist

withstandc888

withsake971

forstanda1000

to stand again ——OE

withsetc1000

again-standOE

to stand againOE

warnc1175

wiþerhaldec1175

atstandc1220

astand1250

withsitc1300

sitc1325

asitc1330

(it) may well withc1395

reversea1400

resist1417

ofstandc1425

onstandc1425

gainstand?c1450

endure1470

obsista1475

repugna1513

recountera1525

occur1531

desist1548

impugn1577

obstrigillate1623

counter-stand1648

stem1675

repique1687

to make face to1807

to fight off1833

to stick up1838

bay1848

withstay1854

buck1857

1250 Laȝamon Brut 4240 Alle þaie þat astode hii fulde to grunde.

c1330 Pol. Songs 338 Theih bien londes and ledes, ne may hem non astonde.

c1400 Chron. Eng. in J. Ritson Anc. Eng. Metrical Romanceës (1802) II. 61 The kyng was ateoned stronge, That Corineus astod so longe.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online June 2019).

单词	astand
释义	† astandv. Forms: For forms see stand v. Etymology: Old English astandan , < a- prefix¹ + standan to stand v.; compare Old High German arstantan , Middle High German erstân , modern German erstehen . But in some of the senses a- appears to represent on- (incl. ond- ), at- . Compare onstand v., atstand v. Obsolete. 1. To stand up. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > posture > action of standing up or rising > rise or be standing [verb (intransitive)] > rise arisec1000 astandOE standOE to stand upOE risec1175 risec1175 runge?c1225 uprisea1300 upstanda1300 buskc1390 to fare upa1400 to get upa1400 to win upona1400 dress1490 upget1582 up1635 raise1884 OE Beowulf 1556 Syþðan he eft astód. 1250 Laȝamon Brut 6495 Þat deor up astod. 2. To come to a stand, stop, arrive. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > absence of movement > [verb (intransitive)] > cease to move or become motionless > come to a stand or stop abideOE atstandc1000 steveneta1225 atstuntc1230 to make, take, etc., stallc1275 stema1300 astandc1314 withstanda1325 stintc1374 arrestc1400 stotec1400 stayc1440 steadc1475 stop short1530 disadvance1610 come1611 consist1611 check1635 halt1656 to bring to1697 to draw up1767 to bring up1769 to pull up1781 to fetch up1838 to come to a standstill1852 c1314 Guy Warw. 47 At the girdel the swerd astode. c1400 St. Alexius 288 Þo it was liȝt At Rome hy gonne astonde. 3. To remain standing; to continue, abide, persist. Cf. onstand n. ΘΚΠ the world > time > change > absence of change, changelessness > lasting quality, permanence > be permanent [verb (intransitive)] > remain, continue bidec893 ofstandeOE astandc1000 restOE holdc1175 dure1297 akeepc1300 lastc1300 arrest1393 containc1400 perseverec1425 reserve1529 to run on1533 to stick by ——1533 persist1538 persist1539 to hold up1582 retaina1631 persist1659 c1000 West Saxon Gospels: Luke (Corpus Cambr.) xxiii. 23 And hig astodon [Lindisf. on-stodon]. c1300 Beket 2015 The Clerkes..if hi wolleth her astonde, Swerie the king true to be. c1400 St. Alexius (Laud) 234 Þat sholde hem lere..where he were a-stonde. 4. transitive and absol. To withstand. Cf. atstand v. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > difficulty > opposition > oppose [verb (transitive)] > resist withstandc888 withsake971 forstanda1000 to stand again ——OE withsetc1000 again-standOE to stand againOE warnc1175 wiþerhaldec1175 atstandc1220 astand1250 withsitc1300 sitc1325 asitc1330 (it) may well withc1395 reversea1400 resist1417 ofstandc1425 onstandc1425 gainstand?c1450 endure1470 obsista1475 repugna1513 recountera1525 occur1531 desist1548 impugn1577 obstrigillate1623 counter-stand1648 stem1675 repique1687 to make face to1807 to fight off1833 to stick up1838 bay1848 withstay1854 buck1857 1250 Laȝamon Brut 4240 Alle þaie þat astode hii fulde to grunde. c1330 Pol. Songs 338 Theih bien londes and ledes, ne may hem non astonde. c1400 Chron. Eng. in J. Ritson Anc. Eng. Metrical Romanceës (1802) II. 61 The kyng was ateoned stronge, That Corineus astod so longe. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online June 2019). < v.OE
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