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单词 indigenous
释义

indigenousadj.n.

Brit. /ɪnˈdɪdʒᵻnəs/, /ɪnˈdɪdʒn̩əs/, U.S. /ᵻnˈdɪdʒənəs/
Origin: A borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Etymons: Latin indigena , -ous suffix.
Etymology: < classical Latin indigena (adjective) born in a country, native, (noun) original or native inhabitant of a place (see indigene n.) + -ous suffix.Compare classical Latin indigenus, adjective (in undated glossaries).
A. adj.
1.
a. Born or originating in a particular place; spec. (now often with capital initial) designating a people or group inhabiting a place before the arrival of (European) settlers or colonizers. Also with to introducing the place in question.
ΘΚΠ
the world > people > nations > native people > [adjective]
inbornc1000
theodiscc1000
i-cundeOE
landisha1300
kindc1325
denizen1483
kindly born1483
native1488
naturally born1523
naturala1533
home-bred?1560
natural1574
home-born1577
homeling1577
natural-born1583
land-born1589
self-bred1590
self-born1597
indigene1598
land-breda1599
vernaculous1606
kindly1609
inbred1625
terrigenist1631
native-born1645
indigenous1646
indigenary1651
indigenital1656
aboriginal1698
own-born1699
indigenal1725
homegrown1737
terrigenous1769
indigenate1775
1632 M. Stanhope Cures without Care 26 Those who neighbour nearest to these waters, are an indigenous poore people, not able to step out of the roade of their laborious calling.
1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica vi. x. 325 Although..there bee at present swarmes of Negroes serving under the Spaniard, yet were they all transported from Africa, since the discovery of Columbus, and are not indigenous or proper natives of America. View more context for this quotation
1777 G. Forster Voy. round World I. 523 If it were ever possible for Europeans to have humanity enough to acknowledge the indigenous tribes of the South Sea as their brethren, we might have settlements which would not be defiled with the blood of innocent nations.
1793 J. Sinclair Statist. Acct. Scotl. IX. x. 140 The most general disease..in this district..is scrofula; not a family of most of the indigenous inhabitants of the lower ranks is free from it.
1794 tr. J. C. Gatterer in Mem. Sci. & Arts 2 35 It can scarcely be doubted that they [sc. Slavs] were a people indigenous to Europe, in the same sense in which all the other principal nations of Europe are reckoned so.
1822 J. Crawfurd Diary 7 Jan. in Jrnl. Embassy to Courts of Siam & Cochin China (1828) 28 The indigenous inhabitants of the territory of Queda, consist of..Malays, Samsams, Siamese, and Samangs.
1872 E. Rich tr. P. Marcoy Journey S. Amer. II. 584 As for the colour of these indigenous women, I am sorry that I cannot give a correct idea of it by borrowing a comparison from lilies and roses.
1923 H. H. Johnston Story of my Life xi. 270 The people indigenous to the Mlanje range were of Nyanja stock.
2021 New Yorker 8 Nov. 65/3 Modern ethnographic treatments of Indigenous communities describe an astonishing level of social plasticity.
b. Of, relating to, or characteristic of the native inhabitants of a place or their language; native, vernacular; spec. (now often with capital initial) of, belonging to, or relating to a people or group inhabiting a place before the arrival of (European) settlers or colonizers.
ΘΚΠ
the world > people > nations > native people > [adjective] > belonging to or used by
naturallya1533
natively1590
native1779
home-brewed1802
indigenous1846
desi1885
1747 New Gen. Coll. Voy. & Trav. IV. 35 They call the great Island, Pe-kan, or Pakkando, which some say is the indigenous Name.
1786 J. C. Walker Hist. Mem. Irish Bards 77 We cannot find that the Bagpipe was indigenous to the Irish. To the Caledonians, we believe, they must be content to owe it.
1823 C. L. Irby & J. Mangles Trav. Egypt & Nubia, Syria & Asia Minor v. 408 The details and ornaments of these [towers], universally betray an imitation of Roman architecture, whilst at Petra they bear all the marks of a peculiar and indigenous style.
1837 W. Whewell Hist. Inductive Sci. I. 277 They had..been passionately fond of their indigenous poetry.
1846 H. H. Wilson Hist. Brit. India 1805–35 II. xii. 579 Most of the Missionary establishments attempted the formation of an English school in connexion with their indigenous schools.
1868 F. Hall in Examiner 11 Apr. 228/3 Compositions which studiously reject all words that are not either Sanskritic or indigenous.
1884 A. P. Hill Tales Colorado Pioneers xlvi. 216 Besides the slangs indigenous to the soil, we heard strange provincialisms of every section of the United States.
1958 Eng. Stud. 39 104 The segmental sounds are almost exclusively transferred from indigenous languages of the area.
1984 L. Hanson & F. Allan Hanson Art Oceania Pref. xiii. We have made a special effort to include the literature indigenous to Oceania in the bibliography.
1994 Sun (Baltimore) 20 Mar. m3/5 Bermudians take great pride in their indigenous architecture, most notably the limestone-built homes nestled comfortably amid the island's gently rolling contours.
2021 S. Graham-Jones Only Good Indians (Acknowledgments) 307 There's Elizabeth LaPensée's Deer Woman: a Vignette, which I picked up at the first Indigenous Comic Com.
2. Of plants, animals, natural products, etc.: originating in or belonging to a particular country or region; of native origin, production, or growth; not introduced from elsewhere. Also of a disease: originating and regularly occurring in a particular place; endemic. Often with to introducing the place in question.
ΚΠ
1697 Philos. Trans. 1695–7 (Royal Soc.) 19 497 This Creature was formerly Common with us in Ireland; and an Indigenous Animal..universally met with in all parts of the Kingdom.
1702 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 22 1040 Volume 4th will be employ'd wholly upon the Fish,..the Indigenous as well as Strangers, that come only at certain seasons.
1733 J. Arbuthnot Ess. Effects Air Human Bodies vii. 180 It [is] probable that it is a Disease indigenous to some Tract of Ground, and from thence propagated to other Places by Contagion.
1794 S. Williams Nat. & Civil Hist. Vermont 70 A plant indigenous only to China and Tartary.
1830 J. Baxter Libr. Agric. & Hort. Knowl. 6 The wild crab is the only apple indigenous to this country.
1885 H. R. Haggard King Solomon's Mines Introd. 5 The indigenous flora and fauna of Kukuanaland.
1911 H. R. Smith Secondary Course Animal Production 28 Turkeys are the one race of poultry indigenous to America.
1966 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 20 Aug. 430/1 The eradication of diphtheria as an indigenous disease was well under way.
2016 Sunday World (S. Afr.) (Nexis) 3 July I was interested in seeking out some unique veggies or fruit indigenous to the island.
3. figurative. Inborn, innate; native or natural to.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > existence > intrinsicality or inherence > [adjective] > innate or natural
i-cundeeOE
fleshly971
kindlyOE
kindc1175
naturalc1275
kindc1390
innatea1420
nativea1425
inborn1513
innative1513
habitual1526
ingenerate1531
instincta1538
innated1545
inset1545
of one's nativity1582
inbreda1592
connatural1599
prognatec1600
ingenious1601
ingenit1604
congenite1610
connativea1618
intuitive1621
infusive1630
habituous1633
veined1633
genial1646
connatea1652
relollacean1654
relollaceous1657
relolleous1662
congenial1664
complanted1668
ingrown1670
ingenerated1677
unborrowed1704
cogenite1712
born1741
naturable1771
unacquired1793
congenerous1813
congenital1848
ingrain1852
indigenousa1864
ingenital1886
wired-in1957
1836 E. B. Browning Let. 29 Sept. in Lett. to M. R. Mitford (1983) I. 18 I cant help hoping with my own indigenous sanguineness.
a1864 I. Taylor in Webster's New Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. (1890) Joy and hope are emotions indigenous to the human mind.
1885 J. Martineau Types Ethical Theory II. 68 The more we appreciate what obligation means, the more shall we rest in the psychologically indigenous character of its conditions.
1945 N. Streatfeild Saplings (2002) xxi. 124 There was a faint air of truculence that was, to her, put on rather than indigenous to Tony.
2011 Human Archit. 9 44 I was able to discover that these personal values are not simply indigenous to my core self, but are instead symptomatic of the..persona my culture's myth demands.
B. n.
With the and plural agreement. Indigenous peoples (esp. of a particular region) considered collectively, typically as distinguished from settlers, colonizers, or their descendants. Also with capital initial.
ΘΚΠ
the world > people > nations > native people > [noun]
landfolkc1000
thede-folkc1275
the world > people > nations > native people > [noun] > the original inhabitants of a territory
aborigine1724
1790 J. Bruce Trav. Source Nile II. 10 There are other inhabitants still besides these Gibbertis and native blacks, whom we must not confound with the indigenous of this country.
1893 Trans. Med. & Chirurg. Faculty State of Maryland 95th Ann. Session 79 Of his fifteen years observations in Gorbersdorf,..the emigration of patients has not increased the number of cases [of tuberculosis] among the indigenous in that village.
1983 Philadelphia Inquirer (Electronic ed.) 10 Mar. a14 Which countries will be the most highly populated if the indigenous of both North and South America have their lands returned to them?
2019 Southern Highland News (Austral.) (Nexis) 12 Aug. 6 The indigenous of the north are getting little meaningful help.

Compounds

indigenous rights n. (now often with capital initial) the human, civil, and legal rights possessed by indigenous peoples, esp. those rights relating to the preservation, protection, or recognition of traditional lands, cultures, and ways of life.In early use perhaps not a fixed collocation.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > social attitudes > racial attitudes > [noun] > due recognition of indigenous peoples > specific
Indianism1651
indigenous rights1858
society > law > legal right > right of specific class, person, or place > [noun] > status or rights of being a citizen > position or rights of native-born
naturality1518
indigenous rights1858
1858 Lloyd's Weekly Newspaper 7 Nov. 11/1 Mr. Bright is mistaken if he thinks that in any age of the world colonies were ever founded without some display of force, and some invasion of indigenous rights.
1957 E. H. Jacoby in B. T. Dickson Guide Bk. Res. Data Arid Zone Devel. ii. ii. 154/1 A well-balanced land policy is therefore of outstanding importance for the development of arid regions. This, however, does not mean that indigenous rights and interests in the land have to be conserved for ever or at any price.
2019 Toronto Star (Nexis) 9 Jan. a1 As Ottawa continues to fall short of upholding Indigenous rights, the emptiness of its promises of reconciliation are laid bare.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2022).
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adj.n.1632
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