houseln.

Brit.

/ˈhaʊzl/, U.S.

/ˈhaʊz(ə)l/

Forms: Old English husl, Old English husol, Old English–Middle English husul, Old English–Middle English (1700s historical) husel, early Middle English husell ( Ormulum), Middle English hoosyl, Middle English hosel, Middle English hosil, Middle English hosill, Middle English hosol, Middle English hosul, Middle English hosyl, Middle English hosyll, Middle English housil, Middle English housul, Middle English housyl, Middle English housyll, Middle English houzell (in a late copy), Middle English howsele, Middle English–1500s howsill, Middle English–1500s (1700s historical) howsel, Middle English–1600s howsell, Middle English– housel, 1500s houseale, 1500s houssel, 1500s houswil, 1500s howselle, 1500s hushel, 1500s hussel, 1500s hussyll, 1500s–1600s housell; also Scottish pre-1700 housill, pre-1700 houssil, pre-1700 housyll, pre-1700 howsill, 1800s hoozle.

Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.

Etymology: Cognate with early Scandinavian (runic: Sweden) (dative singular) hosli sacrifice, Old Icelandic húsl (Icelandic húsl , hunsl , now historical), Old Norwegian húsl , Old Swedish husl , all in sense ‘the Eucharist, the consecrated elements of the Eucharist’, Gothic hunsl sacrifice, offering (translating ancient Greek θυσία ), also (in an isolated attestation: John 16:2, translating ancient Greek λατρεία latria n.) service to God, worship; further etymology uncertain and disputed: see below. The word is probably a Christian semantic development of an originally pagan term; with the development of sense 2, compare the concept of the Eucharist as sacrifice (in Catholic and Orthodox theology).The English and most of the Scandinavian forms show loss of nasal with compensatory vowel lengthening. (The idea that the Scandinavian word in Christian uses shows a borrowing or reborrowing from English is now normally rejected, largely on the grounds of the existence of forms with a nasal.) An older etymology derives the Germanic word < the same Indo-European base as Avestan spəṇta , Old Church Slavonic svętŭ , both in sense ‘holy’, and (perhaps < Slavonic) Old Prussian swints , (in place names) swents , Lithuanian šventas , Latvian svēts , all in sense ‘holy’. However, this poses morphological problems: the supposed de-adjectival suffixal formation type of the Germanic noun (with the Germanic base of -els suffix) is unparalleled, whereas deverbal formations with this suffix are well attested (compare e.g. Gothic swumfsl pond, lit. ‘place to swim in’). An alternative etymology (E. Rooth in Beiträge zur Geschichte der deutschen Sprache und Literatur (1925) 49 114–6) derives the word < an ablaut variant of the Germanic base of Gothic -hinþan to seize (see hand n.) + the Germanic base of -els suffix, the supposed original sense of the word being taken to be ‘that which is offered in return’. Other suggestions include a connection with ancient Greek καίνειν ‘to kill’ (a by-form, with zero-grade and different treatment of the initial consonant cluster, of κτείνειν ‘to kill’: see myoctonic adj.), or derivation < an ablaut variant of the Germanic base of hand n. (the sacrifice supposedly being ‘a thing which is handled’). Many scholars today consider that the word probably shows a borrowing into Germanic from another (unidentified) language.

Now rare (historical in later use).

†1. A sacrifice. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > worship > sacrifice or a sacrifice > [noun]

ofleteeOE

almousOE

houselOE

yieldOE

lakeOE

offeringOE

offeranda1225

sacrificea1300

hosta1340

sacrifyingc1374

mannaa1382

incense1382

oblationc1425

hostie1483

obleya1500

sacrificy?c1510

immolation1534

offerture1537

offrage1548

mactation1563

offertory1596

sacrificing1601

litation1623

elibation1656

sacrification1694

sacrificature1779

OE (Northumbrian) Lindisf. Gospels: Matt. xii. 7 Misericordiam uolo et non sacrificium : miltheortnisse ic willo & nis husul.

OE (Northumbrian) Liturgical Texts (Durham Ritual) in A. H. Thompson & U. Lindelöf Rituale Ecclesiae Dunelmensis (1927) 34 Deus qui pro salute mundi sacrificium paschale fecisti : god ðu ðe f'e hælo middang' husul..eostorlic.

2. The consecrated elements of the Eucharist, esp. the bread; (also) the administration or receiving of the Eucharist; the service or ceremony of the Eucharist.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > artefacts > consumables > eucharistic elements > [noun]

houseleOE

bread and winea1225

sacrament?c1225

sacringc1290

spicec1425

kind?1531

Eucharistc1540

element1556

species1579

elemental1656

mystery1662

symbol1671

waybread1993

society > faith > worship > sacrament > communion > administration of communion > [noun]

houseleOE

houselingOE

society > faith > worship > sacrament > communion > mass > [noun]

houseleOE

masseOE

massOE

prayer1711

eOE tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (Tanner) iv. xxv. 348 He frægn, hwæðer heo ænig husl inne hæfdon.

OE Ælfric Let. to Wulfsige (Corpus Cambr.) in B. Fehr Die Hirtenbriefe Ælfrics (1914) 30 Þæt husel is Cristes lichama, na lichamlice ac gastlice. Na se lichama, þe he on þrowode, ac se lichama, þe he embe spræc.

OE Wærferð tr. Gregory Dialogues (Corpus Cambr.) (1900) ii. xxiii. 152 Þa wæs þeaw ær þam huslgange, þæt se diacon cleopode & þus cwæð: swa hwilc man swa to husle ne ga, þonne buge se of þissere stowe & ga ut of þissere cyrcan.

a1200 MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 61 Þer after ben alesd of pine þurh þat holie husel.

a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 25 (MED) Þe preost me walde eskien..hwa me scriue er he me ȝefe husul.

c1300 St. Mary Magdalen (Laud) l. 627 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 480 (MED) Schrift and hosel ich ȝuyrne.

c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) l. 8661 (MED) He..deide wiþoute speche, Wiþoute ssrift & hosel.

c1390 in C. Brown Relig. Lyrics 14th Cent. (1924) 131 Graunt vs repentaunce and respiȝt, And schrift and hosel or we day.

a1400 (?c1300) Lay Folks Mass Bk. (Royal) (1879) l. 235 (MED) I trow þat housel es bothe flesshe & blode.

c1460 J. Lydgate Minor Poems (1934) ii. 738 Contricioun, shrifft, hoosyl at thy partyng.

1534 T. More Treat. Passion in Wks. 1331/1 Holy men..haue in their writinges called this blessed holy housell, by the name of a sacrament, a signe, a memoriall and a figure.

1564 T. Becon Compar. Lordes Supper & Popish Masse f. cxiii, in Wks. iii To celebrate the Lordes Supper, or as the Papistes terme it, to take their Hushel, or to receaue their maker.

1625 J. Ussher Answer to Jesuite 79 Christ hallowed bread and wine to housel before his suffering.

1694 J. Strype Memorials T. Cranmer i. xxv. 107 The People said..That they should receive their Maker at Easter; but they should say, we shall receive our Housel.

1750 Wks. Beaumont & Fletcher II. 305 He produces many Authorities for Husel, Howsel, or Housel..signifying the Eucharist in general.

1845 J. Lingard Hist. & Antiq. Anglo-Saxon Church (ed. 3) I. vii. 324 From the arrival of Augustine till the reformation, the English name for the eucharist was the housel.

1890 G. G. Perry Hist. Eng. Church (ed. 5) I. ix. 138 The laws..assume the character..of a sermon.., earnestly pressing upon men Christian lives, bidding them to go to housel three times a year at least.

1922 J. Joyce Ulysses ii. 368 She said that he had a fair sweet death through God His goodness with masspriest to be shriven, holy housel and sick men's oil to his limbs.

2008 B. A. Barr Pastoral Care Women Late Medieval Eng. iv. 119 This time the lackadaisical penitent is a man and instead of falling down the church steps after receiving housel unworthily, he is struck by lightning.

Compounds

General attributive, as housel-box, housel bread, housel cloth, etc.

ΚΠ

OE Ælfric Gloss. (St. John's Oxf.) 313 Patena, huseldisc.

OE Ælfric 2nd Let. to Wulfstan (Junius) in B. Fehr Die Hirtenbriefe Ælfrics (1914) 178 Sume preostas gefyllað heora huselbox [OE Corpus Cambr. husel boxcs] on eastron and healdað ofer twelf monað to untrumum mannum.

a1400 (?c1300) Lay Folks Mass Bk. (Royal) (1879) l. 597 (MED) We praye þis messe vs stande in stede of shrift, & als of housel-brede.

c1475 Antichrist & Disciples in J. H. Todd Three Treat. J. Wycklyffe (1851) p. cxlvii (MED) Antecrist makiþ hise knowen..bi peterpens gederynge..& houselpens takynge.

1598 R. Hakluyt tr. W. de Rubruquis in Princ. Navigations (new ed.) I. 115 Like vnto a deacon carying the houssel-boxe in time of lent.

1887 E. Gilliat Forest Outlaws xxxix. 355 He was storing up quite a collection of morsels of housel-bread saved from attendances at mass.

1899 Downside Rev. 18 257 The housel-cloth is fastened to the white altar-cloth, and held across the altar step whilst Communion is given.

1901 Jrnl. Royal Soc. Antiquaries Ireland 31 105 Manchet was purchased on Good Friday,..and ‘hossling’ (housel) bread for Holy Communion.

2009 R. W. Pfaff Liturgy Medieval Eng. vi. 241 A miniature of a layman..receiving a large host from the priest, a housel cloth being stretched under the paten and host by two acolytes.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

houselv.

Brit.

/ˈhaʊzl/, U.S.

/ˈhaʊz(ə)l/

Inflections: Present participle houseling, houselling; past tense and past participle houseled, houselled;

Forms: Old English huslian, early Middle English huslenn ( Ormulum), early Middle English huslie, Middle English hoosil, Middle English hosele, Middle English hoseli, Middle English hosle, Middle English hossell, Middle English housele, Middle English houseli, Middle English hously, Middle English howsele, Middle English howseul, Middle English howsil, Middle English howsul, Middle English howsyll, Middle English husele, Middle English 1600s husle, Middle English–1500s hosel, Middle English–1500s husel, Middle English–1600s housle, Middle English–1600s howsell, Middle English–1600s howsle, Middle English– housel, late Middle English hesill (transmission error), 1500s hussyll, 1500s–1600s housell, 1500s–1600s howsel, 1600s houzle, 1600s hussel.

Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: housel n.

Etymology: < housel n. Compare Old Icelandic húsla (Icelandic húsla, hunsla, now historical), Old Swedish husla.In Old English the prefixed form gehūslian (compare y- prefix) is also attested.

Now rare (archaic and historical in later use).

a. transitive. To administer the Eucharist to.Sometimes with reference to the administering of the Eucharist as part of the last rites; see viaticum n. 1.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > worship > sacrament > communion > administration of communion > perform communion [verb (transitive)]

houselOE

communea1400

common?a1425

administer1483

administrate1538

communicate1539

OE Wulfstan Canons of Edgar (Corpus Cambr.) (1972) lxviii. 14 We lærað þæt ælc preost..seoce men huslige þonne heom þearf si, and hi eac smerige gif hi þæs girnan.

OE Ælfric Let. to Wulfsige (Corpus Cambr.) in B. Fehr Die Hirtenbriefe Ælfrics (1914) 10 Se [sc. diaconus] mot fulligan cild and þæt folc husligan.

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 6129 He shall shrifenn þe. & huslenn ec.

c1300 St. Michael (Laud) l. 96 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 302 Þat folk he dude hoseli al.

a1425 (?a1400) G. Chaucer Romaunt Rose (Hunterian) (1891) l. 6438 He shal housel me anoon.

?c1450 Life St. Cuthbert (1891) l. 1964 To howsil her or she sulde dy.

1548 tr. M. Luther Chiefe Articles Christen Faythe sig. Bj One would pretend to husel or Communicate himself.

1590 H. Barrow & J. Greenwood Coll. Sclaunderous Articles G Your popish and Idolatrous housling the sick with this Sacrament.

1616 J. Bullokar Eng. Expositor Howsell, to minister Sacraments to a sicke man in danger of death.

a1650 Sir Aldingar xlvi, in F. J. Child Eng. & Sc. Pop. Ballads (1885) II. iii. 46/2 ‘A preist, a preist’, sayes Aldingar, ‘Me for to houzle and shriue!’

1814 J. Hogg Hunting of Badlewe v. i. 119 Thou shalt absolve and housel me in secret.

1877 J. D. Chambers Divine Worship Eng. 395 In England, the Deacon might baptize and housel the people.

1905 E. G. C. F. Atchley Ordo Romanus Primus ii. Introd. 62 The bishop and presbyters approach the throne so that the pope may housel them.

b. transitive. In passive. To receive the Eucharist. †Also reflexive (obsolete).Sometimes with reference to the receiving of the Eucharist as part of the last rites; see viaticum n. 1.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > worship > sacrament > communion > receive communion [phrase]

houselOE

to receive, take the sacrament?c1225

to receive one's Savioura1425

to take (also deliver, receive) (the) communion1440

to receive (also take) one's Maker1539

society > faith > worship > sacrament > communion > receive communion [verb (reflexive)]

common?a1425

housel?a1425

OE Ælfric 2nd Let. to Wulfstan (Corpus Cambr.) in B. Fehr Die Hirtenbriefe Ælfrics (1914) 152 Ge sculon huslian þa cild, þonne hi gefullode beoð, and hy man bere to mæssan, þæt hyg beon gehuslode ealle þa seofon dagas, þa hwile þe hig unþwogene beoð.

a1200 MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 101 (MED) Ðanne we hauen ure sinnes forleten and bireused and bet, and ben huseled.

c1350 (a1333) William of Shoreham Poems (1902) 22 (MED) Wanne hy scholle yhouseled be..he ne be nauȝt digne For te be housled wyþ þys body.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 28455 Efter þat i huseld was.

c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Parson's Tale (Ellesmere) (1877) §1027 Oones a yeere atte leeste wey it is laweful for to been housled.

?a1425 (c1400) Mandeville's Trav. (Titus C.xvi) (1919) 174 Þei schryuen hem & howselen hem euermore ones or twyes in the woke. And þere ben manye of hem þat howselen hem euery day.

c1450 Jacob's Well (1900) 176 He was howselyd & anelyd, & dyed, & apperyd to oon of his frendys in lyknes of a deuyl, & seyde he was dampnyd.

1541 R. Barnes Wks. (1573) 302/2 In the begynning of the church, all Christen men were houseled vnder both kyndes.

1577 R. Holinshed Chron. II. 572/1 Children were Christned, and men houseled and annoyled.

a1607 H. Chettle Trag. Hoffman (1631) v. sig. I2 Thou in thy end wert rob'd of Funerall rites.., Thou wert not houseled, neither did the bells ring Blessed peales, nor towle thy funerall knell.

1682 tr. T. Erastus Treat. Excommun. 73 They thought themselves, by being shut out from the Sacrament, to fall straight into the very clutches of the Devil,..that they could not die, without being housled.

1822 W. Bennett Malpas I. xiv. 339 I trust to be houselled and shriven on my dying bed.

1870 W. Morris Earthly Paradise I. i. 336 And then being houselled, did he eat and drink.

1918 Irish Monthly Apr. 236 Some dozen or fifteen women had gathered, and one or two lads: most of them were houselled at mass.

1953 S. Beckett Watt i. 47 He died of premature exhaustion, the following week, oiled and houseled.

†c. intransitive. To administer the Eucharist. Also with with. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > worship > sacrament > communion > administration of communion > perform communion [verb (intransitive)]

housel1448

communicate1539

1448 Acct. in Berks, Bucks & Oxon Archæol. Jrnl. (1906) 12 14 Itm. ij. towellys to serve to hesill [read hosill] wt at Estr & i. Chaleyse.

1504 in J. T. Fowler Acts Church SS. Peter & Wilfrid, Ripon (1875) 295 I witte unto the alter..to serwe at Pasch to howsell with, oon twill towel.

1516 in E. A. Tillett St. George Tombland, Norwich (1891) 40 A towel of plein cloth for to howsel with of iiij or v ellys.

?a1650 Sir John Butler in J. W. Hales & F. J. Furnivall Bishop Percy's Folio MS Ballads & Romances (1868) III. 213 ‘A preist, a preist,’ saies Ellen Butler, ‘To housle and to shriue!’ ‘A preist, a preist,’ sais Ellen Butler, ‘while that my father is a man aliue!’

1894 Catholic Papers (Council Clerical Union, U.S.A.) Introd. p. xlviii The work of the minister in Holy Baptism is to baptize, in Holy Communion to housel, in Confirmation to confirm.

2. transitive. In extended use. To purify or absolve of past wrongdoings, esp. by ceremonial expiation or the performance of religious rites. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > worship > cleanness (ceremonial) > purification > purify [verb (transitive)]

cleansec1000

hallowc1000

clengea1300

circumcide1340

circumcisec1340

purifyc1350

purgea1430

sanctifya1500

expiate1603

housel1607

lustre1645

lustrate1653

catharize1832

1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 677 The Athenians..when they housled their army..did it with hogs, sheep, or Buls..and at last slew and offered them to Mars.

a1625 J. Fletcher Wit without Money (1639) iii. sig. E1 May zealous Smithes So housell all our Hackneyes, that they may feele compunction in their feete.

1925 G. G. Coulton Medieval Village 271 A little earth was put into the dying man's mouth instead of the holy wafer, and he went into eternity houseled as his ancestors would have houseled him before the Christian era.

1969 Rev. Metaphysics 22 691 It is as though philosophy were a toga which houselled one through life.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2011; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	housel
释义	houseln. Brit. /ˈhaʊzl/, U.S. /ˈhaʊz(ə)l/ Forms: Old English husl, Old English husol, Old English–Middle English husul, Old English–Middle English (1700s historical) husel, early Middle English husell ( Ormulum), Middle English hoosyl, Middle English hosel, Middle English hosil, Middle English hosill, Middle English hosol, Middle English hosul, Middle English hosyl, Middle English hosyll, Middle English housil, Middle English housul, Middle English housyl, Middle English housyll, Middle English houzell (in a late copy), Middle English howsele, Middle English–1500s howsill, Middle English–1500s (1700s historical) howsel, Middle English–1600s howsell, Middle English– housel, 1500s houseale, 1500s houssel, 1500s houswil, 1500s howselle, 1500s hushel, 1500s hussel, 1500s hussyll, 1500s–1600s housell; also Scottish pre-1700 housill, pre-1700 houssil, pre-1700 housyll, pre-1700 howsill, 1800s hoozle. Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: Cognate with early Scandinavian (runic: Sweden) (dative singular) hosli sacrifice, Old Icelandic húsl (Icelandic húsl , hunsl , now historical), Old Norwegian húsl , Old Swedish husl , all in sense ‘the Eucharist, the consecrated elements of the Eucharist’, Gothic hunsl sacrifice, offering (translating ancient Greek θυσία ), also (in an isolated attestation: John 16:2, translating ancient Greek λατρεία latria n.) service to God, worship; further etymology uncertain and disputed: see below. The word is probably a Christian semantic development of an originally pagan term; with the development of sense 2, compare the concept of the Eucharist as sacrifice (in Catholic and Orthodox theology).The English and most of the Scandinavian forms show loss of nasal with compensatory vowel lengthening. (The idea that the Scandinavian word in Christian uses shows a borrowing or reborrowing from English is now normally rejected, largely on the grounds of the existence of forms with a nasal.) An older etymology derives the Germanic word < the same Indo-European base as Avestan spəṇta , Old Church Slavonic svętŭ , both in sense ‘holy’, and (perhaps < Slavonic) Old Prussian swints , (in place names) swents , Lithuanian šventas , Latvian svēts , all in sense ‘holy’. However, this poses morphological problems: the supposed de-adjectival suffixal formation type of the Germanic noun (with the Germanic base of -els suffix) is unparalleled, whereas deverbal formations with this suffix are well attested (compare e.g. Gothic swumfsl pond, lit. ‘place to swim in’). An alternative etymology (E. Rooth in Beiträge zur Geschichte der deutschen Sprache und Literatur (1925) 49 114–6) derives the word < an ablaut variant of the Germanic base of Gothic -hinþan to seize (see hand n.) + the Germanic base of -els suffix, the supposed original sense of the word being taken to be ‘that which is offered in return’. Other suggestions include a connection with ancient Greek καίνειν ‘to kill’ (a by-form, with zero-grade and different treatment of the initial consonant cluster, of κτείνειν ‘to kill’: see myoctonic adj.), or derivation < an ablaut variant of the Germanic base of hand n. (the sacrifice supposedly being ‘a thing which is handled’). Many scholars today consider that the word probably shows a borrowing into Germanic from another (unidentified) language. Now rare (historical in later use). †1. A sacrifice. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > sacrifice or a sacrifice > [noun] ofleteeOE almousOE houselOE yieldOE lakeOE offeringOE offeranda1225 sacrificea1300 hosta1340 sacrifyingc1374 mannaa1382 incense1382 oblationc1425 hostie1483 obleya1500 sacrificy?c1510 immolation1534 offerture1537 offrage1548 mactation1563 offertory1596 sacrificing1601 litation1623 elibation1656 sacrification1694 sacrificature1779 OE (Northumbrian) Lindisf. Gospels: Matt. xii. 7 Misericordiam uolo et non sacrificium : miltheortnisse ic willo & nis husul. OE (Northumbrian) Liturgical Texts (Durham Ritual) in A. H. Thompson & U. Lindelöf Rituale Ecclesiae Dunelmensis (1927) 34 Deus qui pro salute mundi sacrificium paschale fecisti : god ðu ðe f'e hælo middang' husul..eostorlic. 2. The consecrated elements of the Eucharist, esp. the bread; (also) the administration or receiving of the Eucharist; the service or ceremony of the Eucharist. ΘΚΠ society > faith > artefacts > consumables > eucharistic elements > [noun] houseleOE bread and winea1225 sacrament?c1225 sacringc1290 spicec1425 kind?1531 Eucharistc1540 element1556 species1579 elemental1656 mystery1662 symbol1671 waybread1993 society > faith > worship > sacrament > communion > administration of communion > [noun] houseleOE houselingOE society > faith > worship > sacrament > communion > mass > [noun] houseleOE masseOE massOE prayer1711 eOE tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (Tanner) iv. xxv. 348 He frægn, hwæðer heo ænig husl inne hæfdon. OE Ælfric Let. to Wulfsige (Corpus Cambr.) in B. Fehr Die Hirtenbriefe Ælfrics (1914) 30 Þæt husel is Cristes lichama, na lichamlice ac gastlice. Na se lichama, þe he on þrowode, ac se lichama, þe he embe spræc. OE Wærferð tr. Gregory Dialogues (Corpus Cambr.) (1900) ii. xxiii. 152 Þa wæs þeaw ær þam huslgange, þæt se diacon cleopode & þus cwæð: swa hwilc man swa to husle ne ga, þonne buge se of þissere stowe & ga ut of þissere cyrcan. a1200 MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 61 Þer after ben alesd of pine þurh þat holie husel. a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 25 (MED) Þe preost me walde eskien..hwa me scriue er he me ȝefe husul. c1300 St. Mary Magdalen (Laud) l. 627 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 480 (MED) Schrift and hosel ich ȝuyrne. c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) l. 8661 (MED) He..deide wiþoute speche, Wiþoute ssrift & hosel. c1390 in C. Brown Relig. Lyrics 14th Cent. (1924) 131 Graunt vs repentaunce and respiȝt, And schrift and hosel or we day. a1400 (?c1300) Lay Folks Mass Bk. (Royal) (1879) l. 235 (MED) I trow þat housel es bothe flesshe & blode. c1460 J. Lydgate Minor Poems (1934) ii. 738 Contricioun, shrifft, hoosyl at thy partyng. 1534 T. More Treat. Passion in Wks. 1331/1 Holy men..haue in their writinges called this blessed holy housell, by the name of a sacrament, a signe, a memoriall and a figure. 1564 T. Becon Compar. Lordes Supper & Popish Masse f. cxiii, in Wks. iii To celebrate the Lordes Supper, or as the Papistes terme it, to take their Hushel, or to receaue their maker. 1625 J. Ussher Answer to Jesuite 79 Christ hallowed bread and wine to housel before his suffering. 1694 J. Strype Memorials T. Cranmer i. xxv. 107 The People said..That they should receive their Maker at Easter; but they should say, we shall receive our Housel. 1750 Wks. Beaumont & Fletcher II. 305 He produces many Authorities for Husel, Howsel, or Housel..signifying the Eucharist in general. 1845 J. Lingard Hist. & Antiq. Anglo-Saxon Church (ed. 3) I. vii. 324 From the arrival of Augustine till the reformation, the English name for the eucharist was the housel. 1890 G. G. Perry Hist. Eng. Church (ed. 5) I. ix. 138 The laws..assume the character..of a sermon.., earnestly pressing upon men Christian lives, bidding them to go to housel three times a year at least. 1922 J. Joyce Ulysses ii. 368 She said that he had a fair sweet death through God His goodness with masspriest to be shriven, holy housel and sick men's oil to his limbs. 2008 B. A. Barr Pastoral Care Women Late Medieval Eng. iv. 119 This time the lackadaisical penitent is a man and instead of falling down the church steps after receiving housel unworthily, he is struck by lightning. Compounds General attributive, as housel-box, housel bread, housel cloth, etc. ΚΠ OE Ælfric Gloss. (St. John's Oxf.) 313 Patena, huseldisc. OE Ælfric 2nd Let. to Wulfstan (Junius) in B. Fehr Die Hirtenbriefe Ælfrics (1914) 178 Sume preostas gefyllað heora huselbox [OE Corpus Cambr. husel boxcs] on eastron and healdað ofer twelf monað to untrumum mannum. a1400 (?c1300) Lay Folks Mass Bk. (Royal) (1879) l. 597 (MED) We praye þis messe vs stande in stede of shrift, & als of housel-brede. c1475 Antichrist & Disciples in J. H. Todd Three Treat. J. Wycklyffe (1851) p. cxlvii (MED) Antecrist makiþ hise knowen..bi peterpens gederynge..& houselpens takynge. 1598 R. Hakluyt tr. W. de Rubruquis in Princ. Navigations (new ed.) I. 115 Like vnto a deacon carying the houssel-boxe in time of lent. 1887 E. Gilliat Forest Outlaws xxxix. 355 He was storing up quite a collection of morsels of housel-bread saved from attendances at mass. 1899 Downside Rev. 18 257 The housel-cloth is fastened to the white altar-cloth, and held across the altar step whilst Communion is given. 1901 Jrnl. Royal Soc. Antiquaries Ireland 31 105 Manchet was purchased on Good Friday,..and ‘hossling’ (housel) bread for Holy Communion. 2009 R. W. Pfaff Liturgy Medieval Eng. vi. 241 A miniature of a layman..receiving a large host from the priest, a housel cloth being stretched under the paten and host by two acolytes. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). houselv. Brit. /ˈhaʊzl/, U.S. /ˈhaʊz(ə)l/ Inflections: Present participle houseling, houselling; past tense and past participle houseled, houselled; Forms: Old English huslian, early Middle English huslenn ( Ormulum), early Middle English huslie, Middle English hoosil, Middle English hosele, Middle English hoseli, Middle English hosle, Middle English hossell, Middle English housele, Middle English houseli, Middle English hously, Middle English howsele, Middle English howseul, Middle English howsil, Middle English howsul, Middle English howsyll, Middle English husele, Middle English 1600s husle, Middle English–1500s hosel, Middle English–1500s husel, Middle English–1600s housle, Middle English–1600s howsell, Middle English–1600s howsle, Middle English– housel, late Middle English hesill (transmission error), 1500s hussyll, 1500s–1600s housell, 1500s–1600s howsel, 1600s houzle, 1600s hussel. Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: housel n. Etymology: < housel n. Compare Old Icelandic húsla (Icelandic húsla, hunsla, now historical), Old Swedish husla.In Old English the prefixed form gehūslian (compare y- prefix) is also attested. Now rare (archaic and historical in later use). 1. a. transitive. To administer the Eucharist to.Sometimes with reference to the administering of the Eucharist as part of the last rites; see viaticum n. 1. ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > sacrament > communion > administration of communion > perform communion [verb (transitive)] houselOE communea1400 common?a1425 administer1483 administrate1538 communicate1539 OE Wulfstan Canons of Edgar (Corpus Cambr.) (1972) lxviii. 14 We lærað þæt ælc preost..seoce men huslige þonne heom þearf si, and hi eac smerige gif hi þæs girnan. OE Ælfric Let. to Wulfsige (Corpus Cambr.) in B. Fehr Die Hirtenbriefe Ælfrics (1914) 10 Se [sc. diaconus] mot fulligan cild and þæt folc husligan. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 6129 He shall shrifenn þe. & huslenn ec. c1300 St. Michael (Laud) l. 96 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 302 Þat folk he dude hoseli al. a1425 (?a1400) G. Chaucer Romaunt Rose (Hunterian) (1891) l. 6438 He shal housel me anoon. ?c1450 Life St. Cuthbert (1891) l. 1964 To howsil her or she sulde dy. 1548 tr. M. Luther Chiefe Articles Christen Faythe sig. Bj One would pretend to husel or Communicate himself. 1590 H. Barrow & J. Greenwood Coll. Sclaunderous Articles G Your popish and Idolatrous housling the sick with this Sacrament. 1616 J. Bullokar Eng. Expositor Howsell, to minister Sacraments to a sicke man in danger of death. a1650 Sir Aldingar xlvi, in F. J. Child Eng. & Sc. Pop. Ballads (1885) II. iii. 46/2 ‘A preist, a preist’, sayes Aldingar, ‘Me for to houzle and shriue!’ 1814 J. Hogg Hunting of Badlewe v. i. 119 Thou shalt absolve and housel me in secret. 1877 J. D. Chambers Divine Worship Eng. 395 In England, the Deacon might baptize and housel the people. 1905 E. G. C. F. Atchley Ordo Romanus Primus ii. Introd. 62 The bishop and presbyters approach the throne so that the pope may housel them. b. transitive. In passive. To receive the Eucharist. †Also reflexive (obsolete).Sometimes with reference to the receiving of the Eucharist as part of the last rites; see viaticum n. 1. ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > sacrament > communion > receive communion [phrase] houselOE to receive, take the sacrament?c1225 to receive one's Savioura1425 to take (also deliver, receive) (the) communion1440 to receive (also take) one's Maker1539 society > faith > worship > sacrament > communion > receive communion [verb (reflexive)] common?a1425 housel?a1425 OE Ælfric 2nd Let. to Wulfstan (Corpus Cambr.) in B. Fehr Die Hirtenbriefe Ælfrics (1914) 152 Ge sculon huslian þa cild, þonne hi gefullode beoð, and hy man bere to mæssan, þæt hyg beon gehuslode ealle þa seofon dagas, þa hwile þe hig unþwogene beoð. a1200 MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 101 (MED) Ðanne we hauen ure sinnes forleten and bireused and bet, and ben huseled. c1350 (a1333) William of Shoreham Poems (1902) 22 (MED) Wanne hy scholle yhouseled be..he ne be nauȝt digne For te be housled wyþ þys body. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 28455 Efter þat i huseld was. c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Parson's Tale (Ellesmere) (1877) §1027 Oones a yeere atte leeste wey it is laweful for to been housled. ?a1425 (c1400) Mandeville's Trav. (Titus C.xvi) (1919) 174 Þei schryuen hem & howselen hem euermore ones or twyes in the woke. And þere ben manye of hem þat howselen hem euery day. c1450 Jacob's Well (1900) 176 He was howselyd & anelyd, & dyed, & apperyd to oon of his frendys in lyknes of a deuyl, & seyde he was dampnyd. 1541 R. Barnes Wks. (1573) 302/2 In the begynning of the church, all Christen men were houseled vnder both kyndes. 1577 R. Holinshed Chron. II. 572/1 Children were Christned, and men houseled and annoyled. a1607 H. Chettle Trag. Hoffman (1631) v. sig. I2 Thou in thy end wert rob'd of Funerall rites.., Thou wert not houseled, neither did the bells ring Blessed peales, nor towle thy funerall knell. 1682 tr. T. Erastus Treat. Excommun. 73 They thought themselves, by being shut out from the Sacrament, to fall straight into the very clutches of the Devil,..that they could not die, without being housled. 1822 W. Bennett Malpas I. xiv. 339 I trust to be houselled and shriven on my dying bed. 1870 W. Morris Earthly Paradise I. i. 336 And then being houselled, did he eat and drink. 1918 Irish Monthly Apr. 236 Some dozen or fifteen women had gathered, and one or two lads: most of them were houselled at mass. 1953 S. Beckett Watt i. 47 He died of premature exhaustion, the following week, oiled and houseled. †c. intransitive. To administer the Eucharist. Also with with. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > sacrament > communion > administration of communion > perform communion [verb (intransitive)] housel1448 communicate1539 1448 Acct. in Berks, Bucks & Oxon Archæol. Jrnl. (1906) 12 14 Itm. ij. towellys to serve to hesill [read hosill] wt at Estr & i. Chaleyse. 1504 in J. T. Fowler Acts Church SS. Peter & Wilfrid, Ripon (1875) 295 I witte unto the alter..to serwe at Pasch to howsell with, oon twill towel. 1516 in E. A. Tillett St. George Tombland, Norwich (1891) 40 A towel of plein cloth for to howsel with of iiij or v ellys. ?a1650 Sir John Butler in J. W. Hales & F. J. Furnivall Bishop Percy's Folio MS Ballads & Romances (1868) III. 213 ‘A preist, a preist,’ saies Ellen Butler, ‘To housle and to shriue!’ ‘A preist, a preist,’ sais Ellen Butler, ‘while that my father is a man aliue!’ 1894 Catholic Papers (Council Clerical Union, U.S.A.) Introd. p. xlviii The work of the minister in Holy Baptism is to baptize, in Holy Communion to housel, in Confirmation to confirm. 2. transitive. In extended use. To purify or absolve of past wrongdoings, esp. by ceremonial expiation or the performance of religious rites. rare. ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > cleanness (ceremonial) > purification > purify [verb (transitive)] cleansec1000 hallowc1000 clengea1300 circumcide1340 circumcisec1340 purifyc1350 purgea1430 sanctifya1500 expiate1603 housel1607 lustre1645 lustrate1653 catharize1832 1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 677 The Athenians..when they housled their army..did it with hogs, sheep, or Buls..and at last slew and offered them to Mars. a1625 J. Fletcher Wit without Money (1639) iii. sig. E1 May zealous Smithes So housell all our Hackneyes, that they may feele compunction in their feete. 1925 G. G. Coulton Medieval Village 271 A little earth was put into the dying man's mouth instead of the holy wafer, and he went into eternity houseled as his ancestors would have houseled him before the Christian era. 1969 Rev. Metaphysics 22 691 It is as though philosophy were a toga which houselled one through life. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2011; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.eOEv.OE
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