hotadj.n.¹

Brit.

/hɒt/, U.S.

/hɑt/

Forms:

α. early Old English haat, Old English hattum (dative, rare), Old English (Middle English chiefly northern) hat, Middle English hatte (chiefly northern), Middle English (early or northern) 1500s (northern) hate, late Middle English hatt (chiefly northern); English regional (northern) 1800s– heat, 1800s– heeat, 1800s– yat; Scottish pre-1700 haet, pre-1700 hait, pre-1700 haite, pre-1700 haitt, pre-1700 hat, pre-1700 hate, pre-1700 hayt, pre-1700 heit, 1800s heat.

β. Middle English hoȝt, Middle English hoott, Middle English hoth, Middle English hothe, Middle English hoyt, Middle English–1500s hoote, Middle English–1600s hoot, Middle English–1600s hote, Middle English– hot, 1500s hoate, 1500s–1600s hoat, 1500s–1700s hott, 1500s–1700s hotte, 1600s hout, 1800s– 'ot (nonstandard); English regional (west midlands) 1800s– oot, 1800s– ot; Scottish pre-1700 hoat, pre-1700 hoate, pre-1700 hoatt, pre-1700 hoit, pre-1700 hoot, pre-1700 hote, pre-1700 hoyt, pre-1700 1700s– hot; also Irish English 1800s hoat, 1800s hote.

γ. late Middle English–1500s whote, 1500s whoat, 1500s whoate, 1500s whoot, 1500s whoote, 1500s whott, 1500s whotte, 1500s woght, 1500s–1600s whot, 1600s whut; Scottish pre-1700 whoot, pre-1700 whote.

Comparative.

α. Old English hatra, Old English hattra, Middle English hatere, Middle English hatter, Middle English hattere, Middle English hattore, Middle English hattre, Middle English hatture; Scottish pre-1700 hatar.

β. Middle English hottere, Middle English– hotter.

Superlative.

α. Old English hatest, Old English hatost, Old English hattost, Old English hatust, Old English–Middle English hattest; Scottish pre-1700 hatast, pre-1700 hatest.

β. Middle English hotestd, Middle English–1500s hoteste, Middle English–1500s hotteste, Middle English–1600s hotest, Middle English– hottest; Scottish pre-1700 hotest, pre-1700 1700s– hottest.

Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.

Etymology: Cognate with Old Frisian hēt (West Frisian hjit , also hyt ), Old Dutch heit (only in the compound heitmuodi anger, lit. ‘hot mood’; Middle Dutch heet , Dutch heet ), Old Saxon hēt (Middle Low German hēt , German regional (Low German) heet , heit , hitt ), Old High German heiz (Middle High German heiz , German heiß ), Old Icelandic heitr , Old Danish heet , het (Danish hed ), Old Swedish heter (Swedish het ), apparently < an extended form (with dental suffix) of the Indo-European base of Old High German hei , heia , both in sense ‘heat, conflagration’, (with added prefixes) firheiēn to singe, to burn (a thing), gehei heat, conflagration (Middle High German gehei , geheie ), and also of Lithuanian kaisti (1st person singular present indicative kaistu ) to become hot, to glow, to sweat, kaisti (1st person singular present indicative kaičiu ) to heat, Latvian kaist to glow, to burn, kaitēt to heat, and (with added prefix and suffix) Old Prussian prakāisnan sweat. For various primary and secondary noun formations ultimately < the same Germanic base see heat n.The regularly expected phonological development of Old English hāt in Middle English is northern hāt (compare the α. forms) and southern hōt (with open ō ). The modern form with ŏ is attested by spellings and by the evidence of the orthoepists from the 16th cent. onwards; the Middle English spelling hot could represent a form with either a long or a short vowel, and there is no definite evidence for a pronunciation with ŏ in the Middle English period (although for Middle English forms with a short vowel compare the α. forms hatte , hatt ). The short vowel probably shows late Middle English or early modern English shortening of open ō before t (compare E. J. Dobson Eng. Pronunc. 1500–1700 (ed. 2, 1968) II. §33). Levelling with the forms with a shortened vowel in the inflected comparative or superlative is perhaps also possible, although this did not happen in similar paradigms such as out adj. vs. utter adj. and late adj.¹ vs. latter adj., and it would be more expected that the comparative and superlative would be levelled with the positive form (compare outer adj., later adj.). With the γ. forms compare whole adj. Later Scots reflexes of α. forms are probably shown by some of the forms at het adj.¹; compare discussion at that entry, and also Sc. National Dict. at het adj.

A. adj.

I. Having or characterized by a high temperature or the sensation of heat.

1. Having or providing a high degree of heat; of or at a high temperature. Cf. heat n. 1a, 2a.Opposed to cold, and distinguished from warm, which implies less intense heat.Also with modifying word denoting the degree of heat, as boiling, broiling, piping, red-, white-hot, etc.: see the first element.

a. Of the sun, the weather, a day, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > hot weather > [adjective]

warmc888

hotOE

tropic1764

tropical1788

subtropical1829

shirtsleeve1877

Thermidorian1891

the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > [adjective] > having or communicating much heat

hotOE

chaud138.

hetc1480

OE Old Eng. Martyrol. (Julius) 9 Mar. 31 Þa on niht com leoht of heofonum swa hat swa sunne bið on sumera, ond þæt is gemelte ond þæt wæter wearð wearm.

OE Ælfric De Temporibus Anni (Cambr. Gg.3.28) xiv. §i. 82 Gif se wæta bið mare ðonne þæt fyr, þonne fremað hit, swa hattre sumor swa mare ðunor, & liget on geare.

c1230 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Corpus Cambr.) (1962) 204 Þe soðe sunne..wes..istihen on heh o þe hehe rode forte spreaden ouer al hate [a1250 Nero hote] luue gleames.

c1275 Kentish Serm. in J. Hall Select. Early Middle Eng. (1920) I. 222 (MED) At Middai wanne þo dai is alþer hotestd.

c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) l. 10960 (MED) Þulke ȝer was þut somer so druye & so hot Þat ȝut to þis daye of none hattore me not.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 2703 Quen it was hate [a1400 Gött. hat, a1400 Trin. Cambr. hoot] a-pon a tide Abram satt his hus be side.

a1450 Partonope of Blois (Univ. Coll. Oxf.) (1912) l. 4165 (MED) The day was whote and longe.

c1480 (a1400) St. Ninian 564 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) II. 320 It wes hate [rhyme gate].

1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VIII f. xxxiiij^v The wether was hoat.

1581 T. Lupton Persuasion from Papistrie 21 They that are not content with a faire hot Sunne-shining day.

1633 Bp. J. Hall Plaine Explic. Hard Texts i. 331 In an hote scorching season.

1653 I. Walton Compl. Angler iv. 118 In a hot day, but especially in the evening of a hot day.

1726 J. Swift Gulliver II. iii. i. 9 The Sun so hot, that I was forced to turn my Face from it.

?1750 Characterism i. 93 If she stirs in hot Weather, the Effluvia that evaporate from her fair Skin have exactly the Fragrancy of Lowvervain.

1833 C. Sturt Two Exped. Southern Austral. II. iii. 66 The hot winds in the interior.

1861 R. T. Hulme tr. C. H. Moquin-Tandon Elements Med. Zool. ii. v. ii. 262 In hot climates, Spiders are able to produce..a certain amount of local pain.

1903 A. Adams Log of Cowboy vii. 88 You can hardly imagine what a difference there is in fording this herd, between a cool cloudy day and a clear hot one.

1964 W. Markfield To Early Grave (1965) xii. 242 Cold cuts, a roll? It's Sunday, it's hot, she didn't feel like cooking.

2004 C. Connelly Attention All Shipping (2005) 316 What a scorcher it was going to be again, all hot sun and clear skies.

b. Of fire, or something burning or glowing.

ΚΠ

eOE Bald's Leechbk. (Royal) (1865) i. l. 124 Wiþ deawwyrme stæppe on hat col, cele mid wætre, stæppe on swa hat swa he hatost mæge.

OE Daniel 340 Se [sc. engel ælbeorht] ðone lig tosceaf..hatan fyres, tosweop hine and toswende þurh þa swiðan miht, ligges leoma[n] .

a1225 (c1200) Vices & Virtues (1888) 63 On ðe wallende brene of ðe hote fiere.

a1300 Vision St. Paul (Jesus Oxf.) l. 254 in R. Morris Old Eng. Misc. (1872) 154 On heom is mony yrene beond Þat is hatture [?a1300 Digby hattore] þene þe brond.

c1405 (c1395) G. Chaucer Canon's Yeoman's Tale (Ellesmere) (1875) G. §3. l. 955 The fir was ouer hoot [c1415 Lansd., c1425 Petworth hote; c1430 Cambr. hot].

1490 W. Caxton tr. Foure Sonnes of Aymon (1885) vi. 136 Whan the yron is well hoote, hit werketh the better.

1539 T. Elyot Castel of Helth (new ed.) ii. xx. f. 36 Boyle fyrst the mylke with an easy fier, and sethe it after with a hotter fire.

1598 tr. G. de Rosselli Epulario B iv b Almonds scorched on whote embers.

1653 S. Hartlib Discov. Div. Land 12 This brine they set in some vessel upon hot ashes, and in it they steeped their Seed-corn.

1678 tr. M. Charas Royal Pharmacopœa ii. i. xv. 96 Thrust down the Flowers with a Woodd'n Spatula; cover the Pot and set it upon the hot embers for six hours, at the end whereof let the infusion boyl a little.

1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Pen Dutch Pens, are those made of Quills which have been passed thro' hot Ashes, to take off the grosser Fat and Moisture thereof.

1772 H. Brooke Redemption 27 The Sun himself [shall] consume with Hotter Fire.

1820 P. B. Shelley Prometheus Unbound i. i. 45 From the furnace, white and hot.

1857 J. G. Swan Northwest Coast 165 When the bake-kettle is nearly full, bake the whole over a bed of hot coals.

1930 D. L. Sayers Strong Poison ix. 111 Nothing goes so well with a hot fire and buttered crumpets as a wet day without.

2005 C. Tudge Secret Life Trees iv. 89 When a eucalyptus burns (which it will do when the flames are hot enough, even though eucalypts as a whole are fire-adapted) it may explode.

c. Of something heated by the sun, fire, geothermal heat, chemical action, a physiological process, etc.

ΚΠ

OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 1st Ser. (Royal) (1997) iv. 207 Se het afyllan ane cyfe, mid weallendum ele, & þone mæran godspellere þæron besceofon; ac he..ungewemmed of þam hatum bæðe eode.

a1200 MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 83 (MED) He..for reuðe ne wepeð none hote teres of his egen.

c1300 St. Cuthbert (Laud) l. 53 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 360 Seoth it to-gadere swiþe wel, and leie it al hot þar-to, A-brod ase þei hit a plastre were.

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) I. iv. vii. 152 Blood is hatter in þe riȝt side..And..strengþ of þe hote blood [is] in þe ryȝt side.

?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) (1996) i. l. 2237 Þe hate bathe he did mak.

1546 J. Heywood Dialogue Prouerbes Eng. Tongue i. vii. sig. D ii Little pot soone whot.

1596 T. Lodge Wits Miserie 105 This infirmity [sc. Paralisis] is healed by very hot Pultesies and inward potions.

1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear iv. 292 These hot teares that breake from me.

1669 J. Worlidge Systema Agriculturæ viii. 144 If you have a desire to have them white, or blanch them, (as the French term it)..you may cover every Plant with a small Earthen-pot, and lay some hot Soyl upon them.

1704 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion III. xiv. 419 This place is famous for its hot baths.

1744 G. Berkeley Siris (ESTC T72826) §221 A body heated so hot as to emit light.

1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth VI. 295 If the smallest quantity but touch the skin..it burns it like hot oil.

1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps ii. xxiii. 351 When the water..is as hot as the hand can bear.

1879 Scribner's Monthly Sept. 799/1 Doctor, why do you keep your room so hot? It is like an oven.

1931 A. Uttley Country Child xix. 245 The children took posies to school, lad's love and dark pansies squeezed tightly in their little hot hands.

1984 G. Vanderhaeghe My Present Age (1986) vii. 105 The shushing, wet sound of tires on hot pavement.

2001 N.Y. Mag. 2 Apr. 30/4 The Super Bowl of shaves with cleansing, exfoliation, and hydrating followed by hot towels soaked in chamomile and lavender.

d. Of a country, place, etc.: having a warm or hot climate; characterized by hot weather.

ΚΠ

OE tr. Pseudo-Apuleius Herbarium (Vitell.) (1984) cxv. 156 Ðeos wyrt..byþ cenned neah sæ & on hatum stowum.

a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1865) I. 123 Idumea is a strong londe..and hoot [L. calida.]

?a1425 (c1400) Mandeville's Trav. (Titus C.xvi) (1919) 17 (MED) Þat lond is meche more hottere [?a1425 Egerton mare hate; Fr. plus chaud] þan it is here.

1570 J. Foxe Actes & Monumentes (rev. ed.) I. 95/1 Latyn writers..making mencion of the sayde pestilitie, declare how the beginning thereof..came..out of Ethiope, and from the hot countries.

1652 H. L'Estrange Americans No Iewes 21 In hot countries people went bare-foot and used to wash their feet for refreshment.

1740 S. Johnson Drake in Gentleman's Mag. Oct. 513 In hot Countries,..the Natives only use Unction to preserve them from the other Extream of Weather.

1854 J. H. Newman Lect. Hist. Turks ii. i. 72 It is a peculiarity of Asia that its regions are either very hot or very cold.

1989 S. Schneider Global Warming (1990) ii. 19 Planetary climatologists have noted that Venus is too hot, Mars is too cold, while Earth is just right for life.

2001 Techn. Guide (YHA Adventure Shops) Summer 35/1 ‘Fabric’ uppers are usually more breathable (better for hot countries).

e. Of food or drink: prepared by heating and served before cooling.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > food otherwise characterized > [adjective] > hot

hotOE

OE Lacnunga (2001) I. lvi. 28 Genim betan; seoð on buteran; syle hate etan mid ðære buteran.

?c1335 (a1300) Land of Cokaygne l. 104 in W. Heuser Kildare-Gedichte (1904) 147 Gees al hote, al hot.

c1390 (a1376) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Vernon) (1867) A. Prol. l. 104 (MED) Cookes and heore knaues Cryen ‘hote pies, hote!’

a1450 in T. Austin Two 15th-cent. Cookery-bks. (1888) 12 Serue forth alle hote as tostes.

1528 T. Paynell tr. Arnaldus de Villa Nova in Joannes de Mediolano Regimen Sanitatis Salerni sig. Gii Nothynge nourisheth more than this mylke [sc. buttermilk] whan hit is newe sopped vp with newe hotte breadde.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VII f. iiii To take no more drynke neither hote nor colde.

1630 J. Makluire Buckler of Bodilie Health 102 To preveene these [winter diseases] wee ought to cover well the body, but especially the head, breast, and feete, and vse hote meates.

1687 A. Wood Life & Times (1894) III. 235 Three hot dishes, which he fed upon.

1735 J. Cockburn Journey over Land 152 We found a Range with two Indians, who seeing our deplorable Condition, made us a good Fire, and gave us hot Milk.

1795 G. Hanger Mil. Refl. 108 You have..a comfortable and wholesome bed to sleep in; you have a hot meal of victuals every day.

1845 J. H. Carleton Prairie Logbks. 19 May (1983) 174 The pint cup of hot coffee.

1896 Daily News 2 Jan. 5/7 Nothing is eaten as hot as it is boiled.

1938 C. S. Churchill Let. 19 Dec. in W. S. Churchill & C. S. Churchill Speaking for Themselves (1999) xix. 441 Then suddenly hot supper appeared.

2006 Time Out N.Y. 22 June 33/3 The sour-cream apple pie was served way too hot.

f. Of clothing: made of material which retains heat in the body; that causes the wearer to become (uncomfortably) warm.

ΚΠ

a1500 ( J. Yonge tr. Secreta Secret. (Rawl.) (1898) 196 (MED) Yf a man wyste that a ful colde..wyntere were to cvme..he wolde Purvey hym of hote clothis, wodde, and colle.

1719 D. Defoe Life Robinson Crusoe 158 There were also several thick Watch Coats of the Seamens,..but they were too hot to wear.

1774 E. Long Hist. Jamaica II. iii. vi. 523 A sudden change from an habitual light and cool dress, to one twice as hot.

1860 All Year Round 28 July 368/2 The unhappy children [Blue-coat boys]..are compelled..to turn their skirts up and gird them in a great hot wadge about their loins.

1891 T. Hardy Tess of the D'Urbervilles I. xvii. 224 Mrs. Crick..wore a hot stuff gown in warm weather because the dairymaids wore prints.

1945 Fortune Mar. 190/2 The clothing is hot and heavy and does not always protect him from sparks and slag burns.

1981 A. Sillitoe Second Chance 57 His uniform was too hot, and he unbuttoned the tunic.

g. Of manure: of a type that decomposes quickly, generating considerable heat, or (esp. in later use) of a type containing a high concentration of nitrogenous compounds.

ΚΠ

1697 J. Donaldson Husbandry Anatomized (new ed.) iv. 59 Hot Manure on cold Ground, and cold Manure on Hot Ground.

1733 P. Miller Gardener's Dict. (ed. 2) at Dungs Some Dungs are hot and light, as that of Sheep, Horses, Pigeons, &c.

1798 J. Middleton View Agric. Middlesex xii. 303 The same barge being filled with stable litter, they call hot manure, and deliver it in like manner at five guineas.

1822 Amer. Farmer 3 231/2 Your committee would not recommend the immediate application of hot stable manure, to a crop of wheat.

1878 Garden 5 Jan. 10/1 Horse-manure is hot and fiery.

1955 Oakland (Calif.) Tribune 10 July m9 Manures also differ in respect to burning properties. Poultry manure is often known as a hot manure.

1995 Appeal-Democrat (Marysville–Yuba City, Calif.) 7 Oct. e2 Some nice, rotted hot manure.

2006 M. Pollan Omnivore's Dilemma xi. 210 A confined flock of chickens will eventually destroy any patch of land, by..poisoning the soil with their extremely ‘hot’, or nitrogenous, manure.

a. Of a person or animal: experiencing a (strong) bodily sensation of heat. Also of a corpse: †retaining heat for a short while after death (obsolete). Usually in predicative use. Cf. heat n. 1b.

ΚΠ

OE Christ & Satan 158 Nu ic..sceal nu þysne wites clom beoran beornende in bæce minum, hat on helle, hyhtwillan leas.

c1300 St. Edmund Rich (Laud) l. 206 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 437 Þe Man was ded a luyte bi-fore and al hot ligge on bere.

c1450 (c1440) S. Scrope tr. C. de Pisan Epist. of Othea (Longleat) (1904) 77 She was sore chaffede and hoote for the grete hete of the sunne.

1532 Romaunt Rose in Wks. G. Chaucer f. cxl^v/1 Thou shalte no whyle be in o state But whylom colde and whilom hate.

1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry i. f. 15 There must be heede taken, that they drinke not when they be hotte.

a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) iv. iii. 74 Lords, I am hot with haste, in seeking you.

1698 tr. F. Froger Relation Voy. Coasts Afr. 10 'Tis very pleasant to drink when one is hot.

1729 E. Strother Family Compan. for Health 258 Liquor that is taken, if it be small, and more-especially if it be swallow'd cold, whilst you are hot, is apt to hurry on a Dropsy.

1766 R. Rogers Ponteach i. i. 6 'Tis Rum we want, we're tired, hot, and thirsty.

1822 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 12 434 I never felt more suffocatingly hot.

1880 A. Raleigh Way to City 105 He is weary like other men and hungry and hot.

1937 D. Thomas Let. Apr.–May (1987) 248 I've been in a nursing home with bronchitis and laryngitis or something,..all weakness and croaking and spitting and feeling hot and then cold.

2002 Time 18 Nov. 85 Do you throw them [sc. blankets] off at 2 a.m. because you're too hot and then desperately cocoon at 6 a.m. to warm up?

b. Of a fever, pain, reddening of the skin, etc.: producing or accompanied by a (strong) bodily sensation of heat. Cf. hot flash n., hot flush n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > characteristics > [adjective] > other characteristics

hoteOE

redeOE

foulOE

elvishc1386

dryc1400

whitec1450

Naples1507

shaking1528

cold1569

exquisite1583

unpure1583

waterish1583

wandering1585

legitimate1615

sulphureous1625

tetrous1637

cagastrical1662

medical1676

ambulatory1684

ebullient1684

frantic1709

animated1721

progressive1736

cagastric1753

vegetative1803

left-handed1804

specific1804

subacute1811

animate1816

gregarious1822

vernal1822

ambilateral1824

subchronic1831

regressive1845

nummular1866

postoperative1872

ambulant1873

non-surgical1888

progredient1891

spodogenous1897

spodogenic19..

non-invasive1932

early-onset1951

adult-onset1957

non-specific1964

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > high or low temperature > [adjective] > high temperature

hoteOE

hyperthermal1886

hyperthermic1896

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > high or low temperature > [adjective] > high temperature > affected with

hoteOE

pungent1817

hectic1819

hyperthermic1896

eOE tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (Tanner) v. iii. 394 Hwæðre eall ðæt sar & se ece ge of minum earme, þær he hattra & beornendra wæs, ge of eallum minum lichoman eall onwæg alæded wæs.

OE tr. Pseudo-Apuleius Herbarium (Vitell.) (1984) 2 (table of contents) [W]ið þone hatan feofor.

c1390 (?c1350) St. Paula l. 111 in C. Horstmann Sammlung Altengl. Legenden (1878) 5 (MED) Al hire bodi, hond and fote, Was taken wiþ a feuere hote.

a1533 Ld. Berners tr. A. de Guevara Golden Bk. M. Aurelius (1546) sig. M.vij He was vexed with hote feuers.

1600 J. Pory tr. J. Leo Africanus Geogr. Hist. Afr. i. 52 Taken with an hot and a cold fit of an ague.

1652 N. Culpeper Eng. Physitian (new ed.) 11/1 Boyled with Vinegar and a Quince, it [sc. barley] easeth the hot pains of the Gout.

1714 J. Purcell Treat. Cholick 101 Violent Hot Pains in the Lower-Belly.

1826 Lancet 28 Jan. 595/2 This brings on, what is called, reaction, or the hot fit.

1882 Cent. Mag. 25 103/2 The girl acknowledged his salute by a hot blush.

1958 Nursing (St. John Ambulance Assoc.) xii. 151 There are three stages in a rigor... 1. The cold stage... 2. The hot stage... 3. The sweating stage.

1987 Amer. Jrnl. Nursing 87 325/3 I awoke during the night with red, hot pain in my right eye.

2002 I. Knight Don't you want Me? i. 5 He understands it, and a hot blush starts creeping up his Celtically pale face.

3. Chiefly History of Science. Designating a quality associated with heat and regarded in medieval and later times as one of the four qualities inherent in all things and characterizing the four elements (element n. 9a); having a preponderance of this quality. Cf. heat n. 5.Cf. cold adj. 6 and the note there, dry adj. 1b, moist adj. 2.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > [adjective] > having or communicating much heat > of an element, humour, etc.

hotOE

OE tr. Pseudo-Apuleius Herbarium (Vitell.) (1984) clviii. 200 Heo [sc. iris Illyrica] hafað trumne wyrtruman & swyþe gestencne;..h[ys ge]cynde is swiþe hat & slæ[pbæ]re.

a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1865) I. 53 Norþeren men, in þe whiche colde..makeþ hem fatter, gretter, and whitter and hatter with inne.

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xix. xxxviii. 1299 Alle þinge wiþ smelle and odour is acounted hote amonge auctours.

a1475 Bk. Quinte Essence (1889) 2 Oure quinta essencia..is not hoot and drie wiþ fier, ne coold and moist wiþ watir, ne hoot & moist with eyr, ne coold and drie wiþ erþe.

1551 W. Turner New Herball sig. A v Pontike Wormwoode is hote in the first degree and drye in the thirde.

1599 H. Buttes Dyets Dry Dinner sig. N7^v Pepper..Hurtful to hot constitutions.

1670 W. Clarke Nat. Hist. Nitre 52 It is..controverted whether Nitre be cold or hot.

1704 tr. P. Dubé Poor Man's Physician & Surgeon v. i. 111 If the Pain in the Stomach deduces its origin from a Hot and Bileous Humour..you must absolutely let blood.

1792 E. Sibly New & Compl. Illustr. Occult Sci. (new ed.) 96 When the moon, or lord of the ascendant, is posited..in any of the Signs we term hot, the native will be manly.

1889 R. Baughan Influence of Stars 12 Aries..is a hot and fiery sign, and produces a lean body.

1909 R. Kipling Rewards & Fairies (1910) 257 Between Mars and Luna, the one red, t' other white, the one hot, t' other cold,..stands..a natural antipathy.

1977 R. B. Tisserand Art of Aromatherapy ii. 35 European herbalists sometimes mixed a yin quality with a yang quality, so that a herb could be classified as hot and moist, or cold and dry.

1998 C. Mims When we Die (1999) xii. 273 The adjectives..choleric (yellow bile, hot and dry) and melancholic (black bile, cold and dry) refer to the effects of the different humours.

a. Of a food, drink, spice, etc.: having a taste or smell characterized by a burning sensation; pungently spicy; acrid, biting. Also of a taste or smell (occasionally in figurative contexts).

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > taste and flavour > sourness or acidity > [adjective] > pungent

sharpc1000

hotc1175

poignantc1387

keen1398

angryc1400

eager?c1400

tartc1405

argutec1420

mordicative?a1425

mordificative?a1425

piperinea1425

pungitive?a1425

pikea1475

vehement1490

oversharpa1500

over-stronga1500

penetrating?1576

penetrative1578

quick1578

piercing1593

exalted1594

mordicant1603

acute1620

toothed1628

pungent1644

piquant1645

tartarous1655

mordacious1657

piperate1683

peppery1684

tartish1712

hyperoxide1816

snell1835

mordanta1845

shrill1864

piperitious1890

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 1203 Gat..stinn-keþþ fule. & forr þi tacneþþ itt full wel Galnessess hate stinnchess.

a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) i. l. 2977 (MED) Tho thoghte him colde grases goode, That whilom eet the hote spices.

a1450 (?c1400) Three Kings Cologne (Royal) 77 Herbes be þe hotter and better.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VIII f. xviij The Englishemen..dranke hote wynes in the hote wether, and did eate all the hote frutes..that there fell sicke [etc.].

1582 S. Batman Vppon Bartholome, De Proprietatibus Rerum xvii. cxxxi. f. 313^v/2 The elder Writers..set foorthe 3. kindes of peper, the long, the white, & the blacke pepper. Pepper is hot & drye in the third degree.

a1616 W. Shakespeare As you like It (1623) ii. iii. 50 I neuer did apply Hot, and rebellious liquors in my bloud.

1656 T. Blount Glossographia at Laudanum It smels like wine mingled with Spices. It is hot and dry.

1714 J. Purcell Treat. Cholick 171 We may..give Hotter Remedies in this, than in any other Cholicks.

1754 J. Hill Useful Family Herbal 246 The whole Plant [sc. Peppermint] has an agreeable quick Smell, and a hot Taste like Pepper, but not disagreeable.

1804 ‘Ignotus’ Culina 133 The dish is..too hot of pepper.

1838 T. Thomson Chem. Org. Bodies 488 Camphor [has] a strong hot acrid taste.

1908 Times 30 July 3/3 Tabasco was a hot sauce.

1942 M. W. Childs I write from Washington 129 It was an issue that..gave the opposition the strong, hot taste of victory.

1968 N. S. Momaday House made of Dawn 75 He cared less for..the hot spicy odors of paste and posole.

1998 P. Chapman 1999 Good Curry Guide 471 Even hotter than a Vindaloo, comes the Sindalo, cooked with Chinese dry chillies.

b. Of the palate or sense of taste: affected by such a sensation. rare.

ΚΠ

1870 H. Spencer Princ. Psychol. (ed. 2) I. i. vi. 109 While the palate is still hot with a curry, an unflavoured dish seems insipid.

1996 Ottawa Citizen (Nexis) 6 Nov. e1 Fresh idi appam is a wondrous creation—cooling hot palates on its own, or soaking up the kuzhambu sauce to offer a foil to the spice.

†5. Chiefly literary and poetic. Associated with heat or hot things; evocative of heat. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > [adjective] > associated with or characterized by heat

hot1631

choleric1643

1631 B. Jonson Bartholmew Fayre iii. ii. 33 in Wks. II A notable hot Baker 'twas, when hee ply'd the peele.

1658 J. Jones tr. Ovid Invective against Ibis 34 Brewers, Bakers, Smiths, and such hot artificers.

1877 L. Morris Epic of Hades i. 3 Bloomy June, when..the lush banks were set With strawberries, and the hot noise of bees.

6. Founding and Metallurgy. Of metal, esp. iron: completely molten; sufficiently above the melting point to flow readily; (see also quots. 1904, 1908). Cf. hot-metal adj. and n.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > metal in specific state or form > [adjective] > molten

moltenc1300

molt1373

melted1660

smelted1750

fire-flowing1820

hot1820

liquated1874

1820 London Jrnl. Arts & Sci. 1 336 The mould plate is placed in a tray..the bottom of which tray is full of holes, for the purpose of admitting water to cool the mould when the hot metal is poured in to produce the cast.

1842 T. Ewbank Descr. & Hist. Acct. Hydraul. & other Machines for Raising Water ix. 553 After a number [of lead pipes] were cast, they were united to each other in a separate mold, by pouring hot metal over the ends.

1850 F. Overman Manuf. Iron 304 A method of improving iron..is by immediately cooling the hot metal in iron moulds.

1902 G. R. Bale Mod. Iron Foundry Pract. I. x. 177 In pouring..the metal should be run ‘hot’.., for when the metal is poured ‘dull’..it is too sluggish to expel its gases.

1904 G. F. Goodchild & C. F. Tweney Technol. & Sci. Dict. 291/1 Metal of any kind is said to be ‘hot’ when it is at a temperature sufficiently high for some definite operation to be carried out. Thus a smith may say iron is hot when it is just at a welding or a forging heat.

1908 B. Stoughton Metall. Iron & Steel ii. 37 The term ‘hot iron’ has come to be synonymous in the minds of blast-furnace foremen with iron high in silicon and low in sulphur.

1956 A. C. Davies Sci. & Pract. Welding (ed. 4) i. 54 Iron silicate, which floats to the top of the molten pool as a slag and protects the hot metal from further atmospheric oxidation.

1966 J. D. Sharp Elem. Steelmaking Pract. viii. 160 Ore, if used, is normally placed directly on top of the lime, or fed to the furnace immediately after the hot metal.

1996 S. C. Black et al. Princ. Engin. Manuf. (ed. 3) ii. 21 The mould may be provided with a long neck to give a head of metal which will provide both a reservoir of hot metal and a small pressure head to help eliminate shrinkage.

7. Of a tap or faucet: that supplies hot water. Also occasionally of a pipe which carries hot water.

ΚΠ

1848 Local Coll. Gateshead 90/1 The washing compartment has also two taps—one for cold water, the other for hot; but the hot tap is the same which supplies the boiler.

1894 Amer. Naturalist 28 828 I use a hand basin, the hot tap of which is left running so as to keep the water at a temperature which may be judged of by the hand.

1923 San Antonio (Texas) Express 18 Oct. 10/7 (advt.) When you turn the hot faucet in your bathroom, do you get hot water—instantly?

1985 D. Holloway Which? Bk. Plumbing & Central Heating vii. 91/3 The hot and cold pipes are connected to the taps by means of tap connectors.

2003 R. Liddle Too Beautiful for You (2004) 158 I..lock the bathroom door behind me and strip everything off and lean over and turn the hot tap in the tub on full.

II. Extended uses.

8. Excited (originally with reference to the attendant increase in bodily heat).

a. Of a person, action, etc.: characterized by intensity of feeling; fervent, passionate; zealous, eager, keen (also with for, on, or infinitive). Of a feeling: very intense, strong. Cf. fiery adj. 3c.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > passion > ardour or fervour > [adjective]

hotOE

anguishous?c1225

fire-burningc1275

burninga1340

ardentc1374

warm1390

fervent14..

fieryc1430

fired1561

feverous1576

glowinga1577

fervorous1602

ferventeda1627

tropica1631

torrid1646

fervid1656

candenta1687

ardurousa1770

tropical1795

aestuous1844

thermal1866

thermonous1888

OE Seafarer 65 Forþon me hatran sind dryhtnes dreamas þonne þis deade lif, læne on londe.

OE Blickling Homilies 225 Wæs him..seo Godes lufu toðæs hat and toðæs beorht on his heortan.

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 15580 Hat lufe towarrd godess hus.

a1200 MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 119 (MED) Þe holi gost..maked hem hattere on soðe luue to gode and mannen.

c1230 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Corpus Cambr.) (1962) 204 Tu art..bitweone twa, nowðer hat ne cald, þu makest me to wleatien & ich wulle speowe þe ut bute þu wurðe hattre.

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Royal) (1850) Apoc. iii. 15 I woot thi werkes, for nether thou art coold, nether hoot.

a1413 (c1385) G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde (Pierpont Morgan) (1881) i. l. 1005 Hotter weex his loue.

1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) v. l. 834 Hardy and hat contenyt the fell melle.

a1556 N. Udall Ralph Roister Doister (?1566) i. i. sig. A.iij In all the hotte haste must she be hys wife.

1573 G. Harvey Let.-bk. (1884) 14 I..was then whottist at mi book when the rest were hardist at their cards.

c1620 A. Hume Of Orthogr. Britan Tongue (1870) i. vii. §8 Ther rease..a hoat disputation betuene him and me.

1667 S. Pepys Diary 12 July (1974) VIII. 332 The Duke of York..is hot for it.

1716 D. Ryder Diary 15 Aug. (1939) (modernized text) 296 Brother William is very hot upon it and would fain have it done out of hand.

1720 A. Pope tr. Homer Iliad VI. xxiii. l. 446 Hot for Fame, and Conquest all their Care.

1781 S. Johnson Pope in Pref. Wks. Eng. Poets VII. 36 Her desires were too hot for delay.

1844 B. Disraeli Coningsby III. vi. ii. 12 In the days of his hot youth.

a1877 A. C. Swinburne Lesbia Brandon (1952) iii. 75 He was always rather hot upon that song.

1897 Bookman Jan. 119/1 He was..a hot patriot in '70.

1934 J. M. Cain Postman always rings Twice vi. 52 He was all hot to show me something.

1960 S. Kauffmann If it be Love ii. i. 121 He's very hot on the Babbage Square move. He thinks it's a good idea.

2007 San Francisco Chron. (Nexis) 2 May e3 All this hot enthusiasm for healing the planet..and developing the self? Came from the hippies.

b. Characterized by anger or hatred; angry, furious. Also: bad-tempered, quick to anger; = fiery adj. 3d. Cf. hot-tempered adj. (b) at Compounds 3, hot-headed adj. 1.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > anger > [adjective]

irrec825

gramec893

wemodc897

wrothc950

bolghenc1000

gramelyc1000

hotOE

on fireOE

brathc1175

moodyc1175

to-bollenc1175

wrethfulc1175

wraw?c1225

agrameda1300

wrathfula1300

agremedc1300

hastivec1300

irousa1340

wretheda1340

aniredc1350

felonc1374

angryc1380

upreareda1382

jealous1382

crousea1400

grieveda1400

irefula1400

mada1400

teena1400

wraweda1400

wretthy14..

angryc1405

errevousa1420

wrothy1422

angereda1425

passionatec1425

fumous1430

tangylc1440

heavy1452

fire angry1490

wrothsomea1529

angerful?1533

wrothful?1534

wrath1535

provoked1538

warm1547

vibrant1575

chauffe1582

fuming1582

enfeloned1596

incensed1597

choleric1598

inflameda1600

raiseda1600

exasperate1601

angried1609

exasperated1611

dispassionate1635

bristlinga1639

peltish1648

sultry1671

on (also upon) the high ropes (also rope)1672

nangry1681

ugly1687

sorea1694

glimflashy1699

enraged1732

spunky1809

cholerous1822

kwaai1827

wrathy1828

angersome1834

outraged1836

irate1838

vex1843

raring1845

waxy1853

stiff1856

scotty1867

bristly1872

hot under the collar1879

black angry1894

spitfire1894

passionful1901

ignorant1913

hairy1914

snaky1919

steamed1923

uptight1934

broigus1937

lemony1941

ripped1941

pissed1943

crooked1945

teed off1955

ticked off1959

ripe1966

torqued1967

bummed1970

the world > action or operation > manner of action > violent action or operation > [adjective]

retheeOE

hotOE

strongOE

woodlyc1000

un-i-rideOE

stoura1122

brathc1175

unridec1175

unrudec1225

starklyc1275

toughc1275

wood1297

ragec1330

unrekena1350

biga1375

furialc1386

outrageousc1390

savagea1393

violenta1393

bremelya1400

snarta1400

wrothlya1400

fightingc1400

runishc1400

dour?a1425

derfc1440

churlousa1450

roida1450

fervent1465

churlish1477

orgulous1483

felona1500

brathfula1522

brathlya1525

fanatic1533

furious1535

boisterous1544

blusterous1548

ungentle1551

sore1563

full-mouthed1594

savage wild1595

Herculean1602

shrill1608

robustious1612

efferous1614

thundering1618

churly1620

ferocient1655

turbulent1656

efferate1684

knock-me-down1760

haggard-wild1786

ensanguined1806

rammish1807

fulminatory1820

riproarious1830

natural1832

survigrous1835

sabre-toothed1849

cataclysmal1861

thunderous1874

fierce1912

cataractal1926

the mind > emotion > anger > irascibility > [adjective] > irascible (of person)

hotOE

wooda1250

hastivec1300

irous1303

hastya1350

angrya1387

melancholiousa1393

quicka1400

irefulc1400

melancholyc1450

turnec1480

iracundiousa1492

passionatea1500

fumish1523

irascible1530

wrothful1535

fierya1540

warm1547

choleric1556

hot at hand1558

waspish1566

incensive1570

bilious1571

splenative1593

hot-livered1599

short1599

spitfire1600

warm-tempered1605

temperless1614

sulphurous1616

angryable1662

huffy1680

hastish1749

peppery1778

quick-tempered1792

inflammable1800

hair-triggered1806

gingery1807

spunky1809

iracund1821

irascid1823

wrathy1828

frenzy1859

gunpowdery1868

gunpowderous1870

tempersome1875

exacerbescent1889

tempery1905

lightningy1906

temperish1925

short-fused1979

OE Beowulf (2008) 2296 Hordweard sohte georne æfter grunde, wolde guman findan, þone þe him on sweofote sare geteode; hat ond hreohmod hlæwum [read hlæw] oft ymbehwearf.

c1225 (?c1200) St. Katherine (Bodl.) (1981) l. 774 (MED) He..het on hat heorte unhendeliche neomen hire.

c1300 (?c1225) King Horn (Laud) (1901) l. 624 (MED) Þe sarazin so he smot Þat al hys blod was hot.

a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) vii. l. 1887 Whan he was hotest in his ire.

?c1450 tr. Bk. Knight of La Tour Landry (1906) 19 (MED) The eldest chidde with the knight that plaied with her, and gaue hym angri, hasti, and hote langage.

1535 Bible (Coverdale) Gen. xxxi. E What haue I trespased or offended, y^t thou art so whote vpon me?

1588 A. Munday tr. Palmerin D'Oliua i. xxxi. sig. L5 Heerewith the Trompets sounded, and the Heraldes commaunded the Champions to doo their deuoire, which was the cause, that these hotte words were chaunged into deedes.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Comedy of Errors (1623) i. ii. 47 She is so hot because the meate is colde.

1684 J. Bunyan Pilgrim's Progress 2nd Pt. 127 Come man be not so hot, here is none but Friends.

1733 C. Johnson Cælia v. 58 After some hot Words, and Blows receiv'd and given, they fought in the Temple-Garden.

1785 W. Cowper Task ii. 179 God proclaims His hot displeasure.

1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. vi. 113 Men of hot temper and strong prejudices.

a1863 W. M. Thackeray Denis Duval (1869) i He had parted, after some hot words..from his mother.

1877 M. Oliphant Makers of Florence (ed. 2) i. 23 Donati was a hot and arrogant noble.

1935 Times 22 Aug. 11/3 Hot exchanges occurred to-day..at the International Penal and Penitentiary Congress.

1977 Audubon Jan. 48/1 Southerners became increasingly hot about shortstopping on the northern refuges and took their complaints to the Mississippi Flyway Council.

1999 Mirror (Nexis) 29 May 14 He always had a hot temper—he'd have caused a fight in an empty house.

c. Full of or characterized by sexual desire, lustful; sexually aroused; (of an animal) in heat (cf. heat n. 13). Also of written or visual material: sexually explicit, licentious. In later use chiefly colloquial. to be hot for: to desire (a person) sexually.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > sexual relations > sexual desire > [adjective] > full of sexual desire

fire-hotOE

hot?a1300

venereal?a1475

warm1897

hot pants1927

sexed-up1933

supersexual1961

the world > animals > animal body > general parts > sexual organs and reproduction > [adjective] > relating to mating > in specific reproductive phase

hot?a1300

rutey timec1400

jolly1535

proud1575

rutting1575

rank1600

musth1839

oestrual1857

oestral1877

diœstrous1900

oestrous1900

polyoestrous1900

society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > moral or spiritual impurity > indecency > [adjective] > lewd, bawdy, or obscene

lewdc1386

filthy?c1400

knavishc1405

sensual?a1425

ribaldousc1440

dishonestc1450

bawdya1513

ribald?a1513

ribaldious?1518

slovenly?1518

ribaldry1519

priapish1531

ribaldish?1533

filthous1551

ribaldly1570

obscene1571

bawdisha1586

obscenous1591

greasy1598

dirty1599

fulsome1600

spurcitious1658

lasciviating1660

smutty1668

bawdry1764

ribaldric1796

un-Quakerlike1824

fat1836

ithyphallic1856

hot1892

rorty1898

rude1919

bitchy1928

feelthy1930

raunchy1943

ranchy1959

down and dirty1969

steamy1970

sleazo1972

?a1300 Maximian (Digby) l. 79 in C. Brown Eng. Lyrics 13th Cent. (1932) 94 (MED) Ich wes hot and am kold.

c1405 (c1387–95) G. Chaucer Canterbury Tales Prol. (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 628 And hoot he was and lecherous as a Sparwe.

?c1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (Paris) (1971) 527 (MED) Þogh he were froted and made hote wiþ alle þynges þat maken hote and exciten..And bydde he þat þai lye togidre by some dayes..and make he ham hote.

?c1510 tr. Newe Landes & People founde by Kynge of Portyngale sig. Aii^v The wymen be very hoote and dysposed to lecherdnes.

a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 40 Thair cwmis ȝoung monkis..And in the courte thair hait flesche dantis.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Othello (1622) iii. iii. 408 Were they as prime as Goates, as hot as Monkies.

1668 T. Jordan Money is Asse iv. i. 26 Why doth the Devil feed with liquorish meats, spiritful Wine, high pride, hot lechery, and feathered ease, those that he means to damn.

1718 N. Amhurst Strephon's Revenge 11 While leering she observes his sparkling Eyes, Drunk with hot Lust.

1797 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 87 199 I took a female rabbit, hot, (as the feeders term it) that is, ready to be impregnated.

1826 Lancet 22 July 527/1 I brought..a male pointer to a hot poodle bitch.

1892 E. J. Milliken 'Arry Ballads 37 As most of our plays are now cribbed from the French, wy they're all pooty 'ot.

1908 Daily Chron. 22 June 6/5 Publishing firms..discovered that money was to be made out of what they called ‘the hot novel’.

1935 J. T. Farrell Judgment Day i. 17 Are you getting hot for your old lady?

1961 C. Russell & W. M. S. Russell Human Behaviour 42 An ovulating, or oestrous female, may be described as ‘hot’.

1985 Music Week 2 Feb. (Advt. Suppl.) 4 No ‘hot’ videos required.

2002 Out Sept. 75/2 Bridges feels perfectly free to bring dates to Alpha Sig parties, to tell his brothers all about the guys he's hot for.

d. slang. Drunk, tipsy.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > drink > thirst > excess in drinking > [adjective] > drunk

fordrunkenc897

drunkena1050

cup-shottenc1330

drunka1400

inebriate1497

overseenc1500

liquor1509

fou1535

nase?1536

full1554

intoxicate1554

tippled1564

intoxicated1576

pepst1577

overflown1579

whip-cat1582

pottical1586

cup-shota1593

fox-drunk1592

lion-drunk1592

nappy1592

sack-sopped1593

in drink1598

disguiseda1600

drink-drowned1600

daggeda1605

pot-shotten1604

tap-shackled1604

high1607

bumpsy1611

foxed1611

in one's cups1611

liquored1611

love-pot1611

pot-sick1611

whift1611

owl-eyed1613

fapa1616

hota1616

inebriated1615

reeling ripea1616

in one's (or the) pots1618

scratched1622

high-flown?1624

pot-shot1627

temulentive1628

ebrious1629

temulent1629

jug-bitten1630

pot-shaken1630

toxed1635

bene-bowsiea1637

swilled1637

paid1638

soaken1651

temulentious1652

flagonal1653

fuddled1656

cut1673

nazzy1673

concerned1678

whittled1694

suckey1699

well-oiled1701

tippeda1708

tow-row1709

wet1709

swash1711

strut1718

cocked1737

cockeyed1737

jagged1737

moon-eyed1737

rocky1737

soaked1737

soft1737

stewed1737

stiff1737

muckibus1756

groggy1770

muzzeda1788

muzzya1795

slewed1801

lumpy1810

lushy1811

pissed1812

blue1813

lush1819

malty1819

sprung1821

three sheets in the wind1821

obfuscated1822

moppy1823

ripe1823

mixed1825

queer1826

rosined1828

shot in the neck1830

tight1830

rummy1834

inebrious1837

mizzled1840

obflisticated1840

grogged1842

pickled1842

swizzled1843

hit under the wing1844

obfusticatedc1844

ebriate1847

pixilated1848

boozed1850

ploughed1853

squiffy?1855

buffy1858

elephant trunk1859

scammered1859

gassed1863

fly-blown1864

rotten1864

shot1864

ebriose1871

shicker1872

parlatic1877

miraculous1879

under the influence1879

ginned1881

shickered1883

boiled1886

mosy1887

to be loaded for bear(s)1888

squiffeda1890

loaded1890

oversparred1890

sozzled1892

tanked1893

orey-eyed1895

up the (also a) pole1897

woozy1897

toxic1899

polluted1900

lit-up1902

on (also upon) one's ear1903

pie-eyed1903

pifflicated1905

piped1906

spiflicated1906

jingled1908

skimished1908

tin hat1909

canned1910

pipped1911

lit1912

peloothered1914

molo1916

shick1916

zigzag1916

blotto1917

oiled-up1918

stung1919

stunned1919

bottled1922

potted1922

rotto1922

puggled1923

puggle1925

fried1926

crocked1927

fluthered1927

lubricated1927

whiffled1927

liquefied1928

steamed1929

mirackc1930

overshot1931

swacked1932

looped1934

stocious1937

whistled1938

sauced1939

mashed1942

plonked1943

stone1945

juiced1946

buzzed1952

jazzed1955

schnockered1955

honkers1957

skunked1958

bombed1959

zonked1959

bevvied1960

mokus1960

snockered1961

plotzed1962

over the limit1966

the worse for wear1966

wasted1968

wired1970

zoned1971

blasted1972

Brahms and Liszt?1972

funked up1976

trousered1977

motherless1980

tired and emotional1981

ratted1982

rat-arsed1984

wazzed1990

mullered1993

twatted1993

bollocksed1994

lashed1996

a1616 [implied in: W. Shakespeare Tempest (1623) iv. i. 171 I told you Sir, they were red-hot with drinking.

1621 H. Finch Calling of Iewes 132 Maketh them..to sing and make a noyse to the honour and praise of God, as if they were hot with wine.

1711 J. Swift Jrnl. to Stella 23 Sept. (1948) I. 366 [I] am glad I am in bed; for else I should sit up till two, and drink till I was hot.

1724 ‘C. Johnson’ Gen. Hist. Pyrates (ed. 2) iii. 89 Rum all out... So I look'd sharp for a Prize;—such a Day took one, with a great deal of Liquor on Board, so kept the Company hot, damned hot, then all Things went well again.

1845 W. C. Taylor Man. Anc. & Mod. Hist. (rev. ed.) x. 125 The most licentious of the tyrants were invited to a feast; and when they were hot with wine, the conspirators entered..,and slew them in the midst of their debauchery.

1856 B. H. Hall Coll. College Words (rev. ed.) 461 A few of the various words and phrases..to signify some stage of inebriated: Over the bay, half seas over, hot, high, corned,..[etc.].

1971 T. O. McCartney Neuroses in Sun 126 We would..[drink] quite a few bottles before setting off. The idea was to arrive ‘half hot’ and feeling good.

1988 L. Millman Wrong-handed Man 34 His cousin Willy got hotter than a skunk on it and had a vision of the Holy Family.

9. Characterized by intense activity or danger; difficult or awkward to deal with.

a. Intense, extreme, acute; severe, raging; frenetic. Originally and chiefly: spec. characterized by intense suffering, discomfort, or danger, esp. with reference (in early use) to disease or famine or (later) of fighting, battle, etc. (cf. heat n. 12a).

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > manner of action > vigour or energy > [adjective] > of action: involving or requiring vigour > carried out or proceeding with vigour > in which intense action goes on

warm1726

hot1845

sultry1880

OE Phoenix 613 Ne bið him on þam wicum wiht to sorge, wroht ne weþel ne gewindagas, hungor se hata ne se hearde þurst.

OE Guthlac B 979 Wæs seo adl þearl, hat ond heorogrim.

a1250 Wohunge ure Lauerd in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 277 (MED) Þu..þoledes for wone of mete moni hat hungre.

c1390 in C. Horstmann Minor Poems Vernon MS (1892) i. 347 (MED) Heo beoþ grete foles..Þat makeþ þe pyne more And hattore þen hit is.

a1450 (?a1349) in H. E. Allen Eng. Writings R. Rolle (1931) 44 (MED) If I lufe any erthly thyng..I mai drede of partyng, þat wyll be hate and yll.

a1450 (c1412) T. Hoccleve De Regimine Principum (Harl. 4866) (1897) l. 1010 (MED) This artificers..In þe hotteste of al hir bysynesse..make game and play.

c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 9377 Hongur full hote harmyt hom þen.

1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. John 21 b The feast was at the hottest.

1581 G. Pettie tr. S. Guazzo Ciuile Conuersat. (1586) i. 7 Vices, which began to growe hot in the Cities.

1590 J. Smythe Certain Disc. Weapons 19 Great skirmishes and encounters that have been verie hot.

1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage 587 The Plague is sometime so hotte at Cairo, that there die twelve thousand Persons dayly.

1683 A. Wood Life & Times (1894) III. 67 Small pox hot and frequent in Oxon.

1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 80. ⁋9 The Fire of Bombs and Grenades..was so hot, that the Enemy quitted their Post.

1722 D. Defoe Jrnl. Plague Year 141 The Plague grows hot in the City.

1785 R. Cumberland Nat. Son i. 8 Cautiously to engage in any work of intense hot thinking.

1845 S. Austin tr. L. von Ranke Hist. Reformation in Germany (ed. 2) I. 381 In the hottest of the fight.

1886 Punch 29 May 261/1 The race is at its hottest, and the cry is, ‘Here they come!’.

1914 D. Haig Diary 14 Sept. in War Diaries & Lett. 1914–18 (2005) 70 The 3rd Division..had come under hot shell fire just west of Chavonne.

1992 A. W. Eckert Sorrow in our Heart viii. 478 The Legionnaire foot soldiers raced into the timber with fixed bayonets, where a very hot fight ensued.

1999 K. Sivenius tr. P. Falk & P. Mäenpää Hitting Jackpot iv. 45 The money-making boom was at its hottest just before the stock market crash in October 1987, and yet not hot enough to sweep the Lotto winners along.

b. Of a position, place, or situation: difficult, uncomfortable, or dangerous. Cf. hot seat n. 2, hot spot n. 1a.Also with for, esp. in to be too hot for, to make (a place, situation, etc.) too hot for.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > difficulty > of difficulty: beset (a person) [verb (transitive)] > put (a person) in difficulty

mire?c1400

to make (a place, situation, etc.) too hot for1582

difficult1641

to wind (oneself) a (bonny) pirn1660

swamp1818

to be rough on1860

taigle1865

soup1895

hot1920

to hot up1927

1582 S. Gosson Playes Confuted sig. A5 Diuers iollie sifters in these dayes can..within their owne walles make dishecloutes of writers, whose sight would be too hot for their presence if they mighte ioyne.

1600 R. Kittowe Loues Load-starre sig. B Fearing their owne Country would proue too hot for their rebellious hearts: Others became Gally-slaues, Rouers and Pyrates at sea.

1619 E. M. Bolton tr. Florus Rom. Hist. iv. xii. 481 Cæsar Augustus thought good to make that practice too hot for them.

1661 E. Hickeringill Jamaica 43 'Ere they make the Island too hot for the English.

1704 Boston News-let. 24 July 2/2 Letters from S. Carolina acquaint us that..Capt. Williams first Sail'd and came up with a Spanish Ship from old Spain of 20 Guns and 16 Patteraroes; after some Debate boarded her, but found her very hot.

1735 H. Fielding Universal Gallant ii. 21 She is too cautious. If I was in her Case, I'd make the House too hot for him.

c1771 S. Foote Maid of Bath i. 4 The share he had in your honors intrigue..soon made this city too hot for poor Ned.

1877 Spirit of Times 24 Nov. 440/3 Boys, here's that tenderfoot from The Spirit, make it hot for him.

1892 Daily News 15 Feb. 6/2 I have seen many roaring camps; they are hot places, when men lose their money at the gambling-tables and when the bullets begin to fly about.

1896 Tablet 22 Feb. 291 We got into as hot a corner as a lot of men ever got into.

1950 Times 9 Oct. 2/3 If by some modern method a continental Power was able to get possession of Ireland, Britain would be in a hot position.

1968 Globe & Mail (Toronto) 3 Feb. 10/1 Pinpointing hot areas of action, north to south, as cited in Vietnam war reports yesterday.

1999 T. Harnden Bandit Country (2000) viii. 302 [An] Official IRA member..from Belfast who had fled to the border because things had got too hot.

c. Of a subject, issue, etc.: topical, widely discussed; controversial, contentious.

ΚΠ

1856 Milwaukee (Wisconsin) Daily Sentinel 17 Jan. [He] was to lecture at the Tabernacle..‘On the duty of the North towards Slavery.’ A cold time for a hot subject, so I did not go.

1899 Galveston (Texas) Daily News 20 Aug. 5/1 The anti-rebate law continues to be a hot topic among the railroads and the public generally.

1924 Trans. Grotius Soc. 10 33 That became a very hot subject in the early days, so much so that one senator went throughout the United States lecturing all over the country against it.

1931 H. Reichenbach Phantom Fame 105 It took three weeks [of clever publicity] to make ‘Three Weeks’ the hottest book in the government mail bags. The Post Office Department began to receive protests against the book from all parts of the country.

1966 Times 16 Mar. 8/5 Take immigration, for example. Dr Davies say that this ‘is a very hot issue in Birmingham.’

2008 Guardian 27 Mar. (Sport section) 4/1 Respect: it's so hot right now. Before England's friendly against France all the talk..was of respect and little else.

d. Sport. Of a ball: hit, thrown, or kicked hard, and so difficult for an opposing player to deal with.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > baseball > [adjective] > movement of ball

hot1865

curved1870

fast-breaking1893

roundhouse1897

seeing eye1950

1865 in E. J. Nichols Hist. Dict. Baseball Terminol. (Ph.D. thesis, Pennsylvania State Coll.) (1939) 35 Hot one.

1867 Ball Players' Chron. 6 June 3/4 The hot one he sent to pitcher.

1882 C. F. Pardon Australians in Eng. 37 Lockwood gave Murdoch a hot chance at point.

1886 F. H. Burnett Little Ld. Fauntleroy (1887) vi. 122 He..gave a dramatic description of a wonderful ‘hot ball’ he had seen caught.

1910 Times 7 Nov. 22/5 Hopewell, who was tested by several very hot shots, never looked like being beaten.

1917 C. Mathewson Second Base Sloan 125 The players..had not handled a ball since the summer before and the ‘hot ones’ made them wince and yell.

1993 D. Coyle Hardball v. viii. 279 Otis made a rare Little League play—fielding a hot grounder at third and throwing out the batter.

e. slang.

(a) Of stolen property: easily identifiable and so difficult to dispose of; (hence) stolen. Also of a person: wanted by the police.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > stolen goods > [adjective]

hot1873

1873 A. Trollope Eustace Diamonds II. lvii. 46 That there was nothing ‘too hot or too heavy’, for Messrs Harter and Benjamin [sc. a firm of jewellers] was quite a creed with the police of the West-end of London.

1925 Collier's 8 Aug. 30/2 Stolen bonds are ‘hot paper’; stolen diamonds ‘hot ice’.

1928 Amer. Mercury May 80/1 The old time peter-mobs..often referred to being hot. ‘He came out of K.C. hot from that P.O. blast.’

1955 J. Thompson After Dark, my Sweet xiii. 83 A guy that bought hot cars and wrecked them for their parts.

1958 ‘A. Gilbert’ Death against Clock 70 It [sc. a stolen brooch] was too hot to touch at present.

1973 P. Moyes Curious Affair of Third Dog xv. 207 Griselda was ‘hot’. Griselda had to disappear.

2004 M. Sutton in R. H. Burke Hard Cop, Soft Cop ix. 135 Thieves know they can get more drugs if they buy with cash, having first sold their stolen booty, rather than taking the hot goods to their drug dealer.

(b) Originally U.S. Of a cheque: that will not be honoured, worthless. Of money: counterfeit, forged.

ΚΠ

1921 Ada (Okla.) Evening News 21 Aug. 1/1 [He] was brought back here to answer to charges of leaving behind him a handful of hot checks.

1948 Credit World May 19/2 There are enough [checks] of the ‘hot’ type to warrant caution.

1976 Scotsman 20 Nov. 7/8 He exchanged £400 of the ‘hot’ money for good money in a bar.

1992 J. Lehrer Bus of my Own (1993) iv. 68 We would have probably gone to jail for writing hot checks.

2006 Hamilton (Ont.) Spectator (Nexis) 15 Aug. a4 When it comes to counterfeit money, the last hand holding the hot bill is usually the one that gets burned.

f. Of plaster: containing unreacted alkali.

ΚΠ

1883 in E. Spon Workshop Receipts 2nd Ser. 252/2 If the ceiling is ‘hot’—i.e. porous, and soaks in the moisture very quickly.

1950 Cochocton (Ohio) Tribune 11 July 8/1 (advt.) Lost—Labor and material on living room wall paint because of hot plaster. Don't chance this same loss—use our ‘Hot Plaster Sealer’.

1982 M. W. Litchfield Renovation 457/1 Plaster must be well cured before you put anything—paint or wall coverings—over it... ‘Hot plaster’ has a dull appearance; cured, it has a slight sheen.

g. slang (originally U.S.). Associated with or affected by a strike or other labour dispute.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > working > labour relations > [adjective] > associated with or affected by dispute

hot1901

1901 Denver Republican 19 Aug. 1/1 (headline) Non~union men invading ‘hot’ section.

1940 F. Riesenberg Golden Gate 312 Docks had become dangerously congested, for the teamsters joined with the I.L.A., refusing to haul ‘hot cargo’.

1947 Seafarers Log 25 Apr. 13/2 Officers would no longer go through a picket line to move a hot ship.

2005 Our Times (Canada) Sept. 10/3 This was after the B.C. Federation of Labour declared Telus ads in the Sun and Province newspapers as hot. The term ‘hot cargo’—or, in this case, hot advertising—refers to goods or products that come from a place of employment where a strike is in progress.

h. colloquial. Electrically connected or charged; turned on; live; esp. electrically charged to a dangerous level; electrified. Cf. sense A. 12d.Recorded earliest in hot seat n. 1. Cf. also hot chair n., hot squat n. at Compounds 3.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > voltage > [adjective] > at a high voltage

high tension1847

hot1925

1925 Waterloo (Iowa) Evening Courier 18 May 1/6 Back in his cell his manner seemed as composed as ever. ‘I will never die in the hot seat. I have friends who will save me,’ he told his jailer.

1929 Amer. Speech 5 48 Hot, [of a radio] to be at a high potential.

1937 L. Lewis Radio Dict. in Printers' Ink Monthly Apr. 54/2 Hot mike, a microphone in which the current is flowing. A live microphone.

1938 W. W. Haines High Tension 226 These tracks are eleven thousand volts; hot enough to melt the gold in your teeth. We don't try to work 'em hot.

1967 E. Shepard Doom Pussy 58 He crooned into the hot mike.

2002 Weekly Times (Austral.) (Nexis) 13 Nov. 45 Cattle learn very quickly with a hot fence.

i. colloquial. Radioactive; esp. so radioactive as to be dangerous; (of a laboratory) designed for the safe handling of highly radioactive material.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > physics > atomic nucleus > radioactivity > [adjective] > high, to point of danger

hot1942

high-level1947

1942 E. C. Pollard & W. L. Davidson Appl. Nucl. Physics vii. 139 Almost all the ‘hot’ sodium was in the form of NaOH.

1945 H. D. Smyth Gen. Acct. Devel. Atomic Energy Mil. Purposes viii. 84 Later a ‘hot laboratory’, i.e., a laboratory for remotely-controlled work on highly radioactive material, was provided.

1958 H. Etherington Nucl. Engin. Handbk. vii. 48 The building arrangement should be such that one cannot pass from a hot to a ‘cold’ area without going through a clothing-change facility.

1964 M. Gowing Brit. & Atomic Energy 1939–45 x. 286 The new laboratories at Chalk River..included a ‘hot’ laboratory for remote handling.

1998 Chicago Tribune 22 Oct. i. 8/4 Although Hanford is working to eradicate its ‘hot’ insects, officials said the radioactivity the pests carry is slight and no threat to neighboring communities.

10.

a. That has not had time to become cool or stale; that has just occurred; fresh, recent. Also of a person: just arrived or fresh (from doing something). Also with from.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > relative time > the future or time to come > newness or novelty > recency > [adjective]

neweOE

fresha1398

hot?a1400

novel1405

recent?a1425

lately1581

neoterical1588

neoteric1596

?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) (1996) i. l. 8513 With þe dome alle hote, Hengist hede of he smote.

?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) ii. 63 (MED) His vengeance is ȝit hote.

a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1960) xiii. iv. 45 Turnus be his hait and recent ded [= death] Had wyth hys blude littit the grund all red.

1623 W. Shakespeare & J. Fletcher Henry VIII v. i. 177 Now, while 'tis hot, Ile put it to the issue.

1656 B. Harris tr. J. N. de Parival Hist. Iron Age ii. ii. iv. 240 Which murther being discovered, whilest it was hot, made the Citizens take Arms.

1741 S. Richardson Pamela IV. lvi. 359 It may be doubted..concerning Whipping, when..it should be done; whether presently, upon the committing the Fault, whilst it is yet fresh and hot.

1808 J. Austen Let. (1932) 193 Eliz. & Louisa, hot from Mrs. Baskerville's Shop, walked in.

1843 Ainsworth's Mag. 4 176 A large bundle of the latest fiddlededees of ladies' rattletraps hot from London.

1887 H. Caine Deemster II. xxii. 146 The horrible thought that he..was going, hot and unprepared, to an everlasting hell.

1938 Fortune Sept. 29 (advt.) My Dictaphone takes down ideas while they're hot.

1978 Guardian Weekly 23 July 6 Hot from their discussions on how to save the world from an energy crisis, the six summiteers repaired to the 14th century Gymnich Castle, near Bonn, for dinner.

1997 I. Sinclair Lights out for Territory (1998) 130 This latest village hustler, hot from the sticks in a cloud of big city paranoia.

b. Of news or information: arriving soon after the event, fresh; novel, exciting, sensational. Cf. hot off the press at Phrases 8. Now chiefly Journalism.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > information > news or tidings > [adjective] > of news: sensational, striking, etc.

hot1569

gory1875

1569 L. Chapman Let. 28 Apr. in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (1599) I. 390 The hot newes, that Ormuz way was shut vp by occasion that the Indians do warre against them.

1631 T. Dekker Match mee in London iii. 45 I haue hotter newes for you, Your Fathers head lies here.

1681 Tryal William Viscount Stafford 173 This was about a fortnight after the News was hot in our Country.

1722 W. Hamilton Life of Sir William Wallace xii. v. 349 News came reeking hot, Of all the Victories that Wallace got.

1897 Cedar Rapids (Iowa) Evening Gaz. 12 Nov. 4/3 At three o'clock or a little after, the stenographers, typewriters and type machines quickly prepare for The Gazette all the afternoon proceedings up to that minute. That is hot news.

1906 Daily Times-Tribune (Waterloo, Iowa) 1 Feb. 2/3 He is a type of the newspaper correspondent who is ever on the alert for ‘hot’ stories.

1914 Daily Express 30 Sept. 4/5 ‘Hot news’..must be provided for the people, and thus we learn from the Vienna ‘Abendblatt’ that General French is a prisoner.

1945 A. Koestler Twilight Bar i. 34 News? You bet it is news... Hot? You bet it is hot.

1998 Yachts & Yachting 21 Aug. 1/3 Sue Pelling with all the hot gossip from the dinghy park, including Marauder news, happy Hobie kids and GPs to South Africa.

2007 Irish Independent (Nexis) 13 Mar. Hot from the exclusive celebrity news-wire available only to an elite journalistic few.

c. British. Of a Treasury bill: newly issued. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > money > circulation of money > [adjective] > newly issued

hot1922

1922 Times 7 Nov. 18/5 Plenty of sellers of ‘hot’ Treasuries at 2⅜ per cent and over.

1928 Evening News 18 Aug. 11/6 The hot Treasuries were offered at 4 3-16 per cent., without finding buyers.

1959 Times 15 Sept. 17/5 ‘Hot’ bills were again sold to the clearing banks.

1987 B. Shegar in M. Usman et al. Discount Market 78 ‘Hot’ treasury Bills refers to those bills which have been in issue for less than 7 days.

11.

a. Hunting. Of a scent or trail: very strong and fresh, intense. Also in extended use. Cf. cold adj. 12a, warm adj. 5.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > smell and odour > [adjective] > descriptive of odours

stithc1000

violenta1398

hot1595

valiant1607

warm1720

gamey1820

weak1854

blazing1875

the world > food and drink > hunting > thing hunted or game > [adjective] > scent

scentinga1547

hot1595

1595 G. Markham Gentlemans Acad. f. 37 By reason of his [sc. a buck's] lazinesse and toile, the scent is very strong and hote, and easily entreth the noses of the dogges which maruellously incourageth them to his death.

1650 J. Milton Tenure of Kings (ed. 2) 60 Hungrie Church-wolves..following the hot sent of double Livings.

1709 Ld. Shaftesbury Moralists ii. v. 143 He told us..on how many Partys he had been ingag'd, with a sort of People who were always on the hot Scent of some new Prodigy or Apparition, some upstart Revelation or Prophecy.

1750 J. S. Gardiner Art & Pleasures of Hare-hunting v. 40 The Scent lying hotter, and encreasing.

1875 W. S. Hayward Love against World 5 He could halloo them off the hottest scent that ever lay on Warwickshire grass.

1879 A. W. Tourgée Fool's Errand xliv. 326 A pack of hounds running on a hot trail.

1955 Times 21 June 9/4 Such spotters [i.e. spotter planes] can ask for..‘bulldozer’ rights for a patrol on a hot scent to pass through the areas of other units without being shot in error.

2002 Virginian-Pilot (Norfolk, Va.) (Nexis) 23 Nov. b1 By the sound of the dogs, the hunters knew the trail was hot.

b. In predicative use. Of a participant in a children's seeking or guessing game: extremely close to finding the object sought or to guessing correctly. Also in extended use. Cf. cold adj. 12b, warm adj. 6.

ΚΠ

1852 Househ. Words 20 Nov. 254/1 To use the technical language of the game of ‘hide and seek’, if you should be looking for it..between Fleet Street and the Thames, you would be ‘warm’; near the Times printing-office you would be decidedly ‘hot’.

1876 ‘M. Twain’ Adventures Tom Sawyer ix. 88 Now they're stuck. Can't find it. Here they come again. Now they're hot. Cold again.

1882 Cassell's Bk. In-door Amusem. (ed. 2) 29 The progress of the player is usually announced by assuring him that he is ‘very cold’, ‘cold’, ‘warmer’, ‘warm’, ‘hot’, ‘very hot’, or ‘burning’, according as he is far from or near to the article to be discovered.

1899 E. W. Hornung Amateur Cracksman 252 ‘Not there, not there,’ said Raffles; ‘but you're getting hot. Try the cartridges.’

1931 Times Lit. Suppl. 29 Oct. 832/4 He needs it [sc. personality] to act quickly and effectively when an appliance fails, or when an investigator gets ‘hot’.

1959 A. Polonsky Season of Fear vii. 67 There was a childhood game in which he and the others fumbled through a houseful of rooms searching for a concealed object while the voice of the knower cried out: Cold, colder, warm, hotter, cold! Very warm, warmer, hotter, very hot, boiling!

2004 Evening Chron. (Newcastle) (Nexis) 27 Aug. 25 ‘I don't know where it is’, I tell him, helplessly waving my hands over the engine. ‘Am I hot or cold?’... ‘You're quite close there’, says Mark eventually.

12. Characterized by intensity or energy, in a positive or neutral sense (cf. sense A. 9); exciting, fast, successful, etc.

a. Of a colour: intense, vivid, bright.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > quality of colour > [adjective] > vivid or bright

brightOE

skirea1400

livelyc1425

quickc1425

freshlyc1426

flamingc1450

vive1591

florid1642

vivid1665

hot1673

living1699

aurorean1880

vibrant1971

1673 J. Arrowsmith Reformation iv. ii. 56 Next he approaches and knows I am a wit by the chosing of my ribbons, and rails at the poor Country Madam, for making him sweat in Summer with her hot colours.

1738 J. F. Fritsch tr. G. de Lairesse Art of Painting v. xxii. 252 They may not appear like a painted Board, Cloth or Flat, but a natural Window or Door through which the Life is really seen: Which cannot be effected by the Force of warm Shades or hot Colours, but by the retiring and tender ones.

1799 W. Thomson Enq. Elem. Princ. Beauty 167 The Macao parrot..has the largest quantity of scarlet of any creature I am acquainted with, that hot colour confined only to a portion of the plumage of this beautiful bird.

1809 S. T. Coleridge Coll. Lett. (1959) III. 214 Readers..may complain of a want of Shade & Background, that it is all foreground, all in hot tints.

1896 Sir E. M. Thompson in Proc. Soc. Antiq. 221 The colours employed are vivid, sometimes even rather hot.

1940 San Antonio (Texas) Express 4 Feb. 2 (advt.) Choice of 21 new shades, including ‘Hot Pink’, a new color success for Spring.

1962 Harper's Bazaar Oct. 124/3 A new hot orange lipstick.

1990 FineScale Modeler Feb. 12/1 (advt.) 60..water-based Acrylic Enamels..including 6 new speciality flats, a white pearl and 5 hot fluorescents!

2005 J. Weiner Goodnight Nobody xiv. 122 A woman..showed up in a hot pink unitard for high impact aerobics.

b. Of speed of movement or action, esp. in a vehicle: rapid, fast. Cf. sense A. 12j.

ΚΠ

1809 M. Holford Wallace iii. xxxii. 106 The sudden stroke, the rash, hot speed.

1888 Chicago Advance 5 July Frequent dismounts [from a bicycle] in connection with a hot pace, are fatiguing.

1924 T. E. Lawrence Let. 20 Feb. (1938) 456 Hot speed on a motor-bike.

1987 Pilot Apr. 34/2 The Falco's brakes are relatively small and shouldn't be called upon to save a hot landing halfway down the strip.

2007 Daily Record (Nexis) 22 June 17 Pushed to the limit, the Sportage can touch 108mph—but hot speed is not the main goal of this machine.

c. colloquial (originally U.S.). Extremely good, splendid; very skilled, knowledgeable, or successful. Also with on and a specified subject or activity. not so (also not too) hot: indifferent, mediocre.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > excellence > [adjective]

faireOE

bremea1000

goodlyOE

goodfulc1275

noblec1300

pricec1300

specialc1325

gentlec1330

fine?c1335

singulara1340

thrivena1350

thriven and throa1350

gaya1375

properc1380

before-passinga1382

daintiful1393

principala1398

gradelya1400

burlyc1400

daintyc1400

thrivingc1400

voundec1400

virtuousc1425

hathelc1440

curiousc1475

singlerc1500

beautiful1502

rare?a1534

gallant1539

eximious1547

jolly1548

egregious?c1550

jellyc1560

goodlike1562

brawc1565

of worth1576

brave?1577

surprising1580

finger-licking1584

admirablea1586

excellinga1586

ambrosial1598

sublimated1603

excellent1604

valiant1604

fabulous1609

pure1609

starryc1610

topgallant1613

lovely1614

soaringa1616

twanging1616

preclarent1623

primea1637

prestantious1638

splendid1644

sterling1647

licking1648

spankinga1666

rattling1690

tearing1693

famous1695

capital1713

yrare1737

pure and —1742

daisy1757

immense1762

elegant1764

super-extra1774

trimming1778

grand1781

gallows1789

budgeree1793

crack1793

dandy1794

first rate1799

smick-smack1802

severe1805

neat1806

swell1810

stamming1814

divine1818

great1818

slap-up1823

slapping1825

high-grade1826

supernacular1828

heavenly1831

jam-up1832

slick1833

rip-roaring1834

boss1836

lummy1838

flash1840

slap1840

tall1840

high-graded1841

awful1843

way up1843

exalting1844

hot1845

ripsnorting1846

clipping1848

stupendous1848

stunning1849

raving1850

shrewd1851

jammy1853

slashing1854

rip-staving1856

ripping1858

screaming1859

up to dick1863

nifty1865

premier cru1866

slap-bang1866

clinking1868

marvellous1868

rorty1868

terrific1871

spiffing1872

all wool and a yard wide1882

gorgeous1883

nailing1883

stellar1883

gaudy1884

fizzing1885

réussi1885

ding-dong1887

jim-dandy1888

extra-special1889

yum-yum1890

out of sight1891

outasight1893

smooth1893

corking1895

large1895

super1895

hot dog1896

to die for1898

yummy1899

deevy1900

peachy1900

hi1901

v.g.1901

v.h.c.1901

divvy1903

doozy1903

game ball1905

goodo1905

bosker1906

crackerjack1910

smashinga1911

jake1914

keen1914

posh1914

bobby-dazzling1915

juicy1916

pie on1916

jakeloo1919

snodger1919

whizz-bang1920

wicked1920

four-star1921

wow1921

Rolls-Royce1922

whizz-bang1922

wizard1922

barry1923

nummy1923

ripe1923

shrieking1926

crazy1927

righteous1930

marvy1932

cool1933

plenty1933

brahmaa1935

smoking1934

solid1935

mellow1936

groovy1937

tough1937

bottler1938

fantastic1938

readyc1938

ridge1938

super-duper1938

extraordinaire1940

rumpty1940

sharp1940

dodger1941

grouse1941

perfecto1941

pipperoo1945

real gone1946

bosting1947

supersonic1947

whizzo1948

neato1951

peachy-keen1951

ridgey-dite1953

ridgy-didge1953

top1953

whizzing1953

badass1955

wild1955

belting1956

magic1956

bitching1957

swinging1958

ridiculous1959

a treat1959

fab1961

bad-assed1962

uptight1962

diggish1963

cracker1964

marv1964

radical1964

bakgat1965

unreal1965

pearly1966

together1968

safe1970

bad1971

brilliant1971

fabby1971

schmick1972

butt-kicking1973

ripper1973

Tiffany1973

bodacious1976

rad1976

kif1978

awesome1979

death1979

killer1979

fly1980

shiok1980

stonking1980

brill1981

dope1981

to die1982

mint1982

epic1983

kicking1983

fabbo1984

mega1985

ill1986

posho1989

pukka1991

lovely jubbly1992

awesomesauce2001

nang2002

bess2006

amazeballs2009

boasty2009

daebak2009

beaut2013

the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > [adjective] > at something spec.

goodeOE

great1552

singular1606

hot1845

a whale on1893

smoking1934

tasty1974

the world > action or operation > ability > inability > unskilfulness > [adjective]

craftlessOE

unslyc1275

unexperta1425

incrafty?1520

imperite?1550

unskilful1565

skilless1573

artless1586

inexpert1598

unarted1603

boisterous1609

unhandsomea1616

unwieldy1666

unartful1683

undexterous1688

unaccomplished1709

not so (also not too) hot1845

rotten1867

one-fingered1868

button pushing1896

the world > action or operation > failure or lack of success > unsuccessful [phrase]

not so (also not too) hot1924

1845 in G. W. Harris High Times & Hard Times (1967) 52 I am a hot hand at the location of capital letters and punctuation.

1869 R. Fitzgerald Diary 27 Mar. in P. Murray Proud Shoes (1956) 212 Our Hides are all stamped with the name of our firm on them and they look hot.

1895 S. Crane Red Badge of Courage xvii. 169 ‘Hot work!’ cried the lieutenant deliriously.

1900 Hamilton (Ohio) Democrat 21 Dec. 6/1 Where's that hot base runner of yours?

1919 A. A. Milne First Plays 44 He did the ninth [hole in golf] in three... How's that for hot?

1924 P. Marks Plastic Age xi. 112 I didn't flunk out but my record isn't so hot.

1937 ‘J. Bell’ Murder in Hosp. vii. 133 They're quite hot on First-Aid at these race tracks and he had a tourniquet on.

1968 Surfer 9 63 Cabell is really ripping it up in Hawaii now, too, but Young and McTavish are so hot it's unbelievable.

1973 R. Galton & A. Simpson Best of Steptoe & Son (1989) 132 His English isn't too hot, but his Spanish—excellente.

1976 J. I. M. Stewart Young Pattullo iii. 71 I'm not very hot on modern painting.

2007 North Shore News (Brit. Columbia) (Nexis) 17 June 3 A hot stereo system is one of the most important parts of any grad limo.

d. Of telegraph wires or telephone lines, etc.: in constant use or action (as if heated by electricity, friction, etc.). Cf. sense A. 9h.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > continuing > [adjective] > continually in action or operation > in constant use or action

hot1862

1862 Janesville (Wisconsin) Daily Gaz. 13 Mar. The wires were hot with orders hurrying men to re enforce Mulligan.

1888 Harper's Mag. Oct. 679/2 The New York and Washington wire is kept ‘hot’ for eight hours every night.

1922 J. Thurber Let. 19 Mar. (2002) 83 For three days I kept the wires hot with stories on the race-rioting there which bust forth after a rape and a shot last Friday night.

1982 Associated Press Newswire (Nexis) 16 Dec. We've never had the phones as hot as they were today. They were ringing off the wall.

2003 A. L. Heil Voice of Amer. vi. 148 Back in Washington and Beirut, the phone lines were hot.

e. Betting. Of a competitor in a race, esp. a horse race: heavily backed; strongly favoured to win. Also in extended use. Chiefly in hot favourite. Cf. hotpot n. 3.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > horse defined by purpose used for > [noun] > racehorse > defined by betting odds (miscellaneous)

hot favourite1864

job1889

springer1922

1864 Times 28 May 7 The betting on the Oaks opened in earnest, she [sc. Fille de l'Air] was made a hot favourite.

1870 J. Inwards Cruise of Ringleader xvii. 96 A little speculation actually took place [on a running race], and the girl was made a hot favorite.

1883 E. W. Hamilton Diary 25 Mar. (1972) II. 413 St. Peter's progresses but slowly. The latest and hottest favourite now is Mr. Mason, formerly curate.

1896 H. M. Blossom Checkers vii. 140 He'll play it at the track. It must be a ‘hot one’—I wonder what the odds will be.

1923 Washington Post 17 Feb. 19/7 Sea Cove is ‘hot’, should prove the contender.

1969 Sydney Morning Herald 24 May 27/1 Western Districts reinsman Gordon McWilliam lost a battle of tactics behind the hot favourite, Cocky Raider.

1990 J. Eberts & T. Ilott My Indecision is Final xiii. 148 On so many occasions in the past a hot favourite has been passed over in favour of some other movie.

2004 Rugby World Feb. 62/2 Then came the Brisbane quarter-final against England, when the Dragons scalded the hot favourites' backsides before losing 28–17.

f. Gambling slang (originally U.S.). Of a gambler: on a run of good luck. Of dice, cards, etc.: unusually lucky or successful.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > games of chance > dice-playing > [adjective] > lucky (of dice)

hot1931

society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > card or cards > [adjective] > general attributes of card

discarded1612

unplayed1775

called?1870

false1879

unshuffled1901

hot2004

1890 Dial. Notes 1 61 To be hot, to have a run of luck.

1931 J. Wilstach Under Cover Man 82 Rolling..[the dice] in his hands, trying to make 'em hot.

1934 J. T. Farrell Young Manhood Studs Lonigan iv. 61 I'm shakin' fair, brother. They're just hot for me this time. The dice get hot for a guy like this maybe once in his whole life.

1944 D. Runyon Runyon à la Carte (1946) 101 Here is Big Nig hotter than a stove, and here I am without a bob to follow him with... Nig can make sixes all night when he is hot.

2004 B. Newgate Life & Blackjack vii. 65 His adrenaline is flowing. The cards are hot. Ollie feels success.

g. colloquial (originally U.S.). Currently popular or in demand; fashionable, in vogue. Cf. a hot property n. at property n. 3e, hot ticket n. at Compounds 3.

ΚΠ

1909 C. B. Chrysler White Slavery (1911) xviii. 162 Jones and Smith are the hot favorites. About every other name is Jones or Smith.

1938 Life 4 Apr. 51/1 ‘Lapel gadgets’ is what they are called and the industry considers them a ‘hot item’. Although the season has just begun, manufacturers report that lapel ornaments already account for 35% of their sales of ‘junk’.

1972 W. Murray Dream Girls 109 The studio has been known to renegotiate a better deal for someone who get real hot.

1982 Advertiser (Adelaide) (Nexis) 2 Jan. Dutch band Time Bandits is one of the hottest acts around. Like most young bands with a top-selling single, the main interest lies in the band's follow-up album.

2007 Daily Tel. 12 Jan. 20/5 This season's hottest fashion for Italian men—much to the irritation of local tailors—is British tweed, mustard trousers, Prince of Wales check and flat caps.

h. Originally U.S. Of jazz, big-band dance music, etc.: strongly rhythmical, lively, exciting; energetically and passionately played, and frequently featuring improvised and frenetic solos; (in later use) spec. designating a style of jazz characterized by these features (cf. cool adj. 2e). Also: performing or associated with music of this type. Cf. also sweet adj. 4b.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > type of music > jazz > [adjective] > types of

Chicagoan1861

bad1897

hot1918

red-hot1918

soft1921

low-down1922

sweet1924

barrel-house1926

New Orleans1926

straight1926

crazy1927

dirty1927

hotcha1930

jungle1935

solid1935

traditional jazz1935

powerhouse1937

gutty1939

riffy1939

jivey1944

Kansas City1946

cool1948

West Coast1949

far-out1954

nutty1955

swinging1955

mainstream1957

Afro-Latin1958

1918 Independent (U.S.) 26 Oct. 126/1 Voices call insistently for a ‘hot jazz’, others, frowned upon as sentimentalists, urge ‘Annie Laurie’, still others demand ‘that rattling good march-thing’.

1924 Variety 9 July 9/3 The style in vaudeville jazz bands this coming season will tend toward the ‘sweet’ and ‘hot’ dance orchestras.

1924 Variety 24 Sept. 26-c/2 The boys step on it and get ‘hot’ at various intervals.

1926 P. Whiteman & M. M. McBride Jazz x. 219 A half chorus of hot jazz and then..‘Ach, Du Lieber Augustine’ bring the orchestration to a close.

1928 Gramophone 6 300/2 It is not a question of ‘hot’ dance music or ‘straight’ dance music.

1938 Oxf. Compan. Music 777/2 Louis Armstrong (claimed by one of his admirers as ‘certainly the greatest of all hot musicians..’).

1947 W. H. Auden Age of Anxiety (1948) ii. 40 Emble did likewise but his choice was a hot number.

1956 H. Lyttelton in S. Traill Play that Music 79 Shall it be a trumpet or a cornet? I have no strong views either way—a good ‘hot’ style can be achieved on either instrument.

1970 P. Oliver Savannah Syncopators 31 The idea of ‘hot rhythm’ is one which Richard A. Waterman borrowed from jazz and applied to African drumming.

2003 J. Murray Jazz x. 214 Above all he loved the New Orleans sound because it was the first example in jazz of ‘hot playing’.

i. slang (originally U.S.). Of a person (originally a woman): sexually attractive; sexy. Cf. sense A. 8c and red-hot adj. 2b.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > attractiveness > [adjective] > sexually attractive

nymphic1799

sexy1912

sex-appealing1923

hotcha1924

hot1926

ooh-la-la1929

bed-worthy1936

beddable1941

phat1963

smoking1989

kewl1990

smoking hot1994

bess2006

1926 New Republic 17 Feb. 350/2 If you've forgotten your mythology, Aphrodite—more widely known as Venus—was the hot momma of goddesses.

1961 A. Sillitoe Key to Door (1962) xvi. 211 Give me the address of a hot girl then.

1985 J. Dillinger Adrenaline (1988) xxi. 103 There's jillions of hot young guys around.

1999 Cosmopolitan (U.K. ed.) June 312/3 Do you own a dress that makes you look and feel really hot?

j. colloquial. Of a vehicle: fast, powerful, esp. in relation to size or (of an aircraft) with regard to landing speed. Cf. hot rod n., hot hatch n.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > air or space travel > action of flying (in) aircraft > navigation of course of aircraft > [adverb] > manner of landing fast or powerful aircraft

hot1935

society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > powered vehicle > motor car > [adjective] > powerful in relation to size

hot1966

1935 T. Kromer Waiting for Nothing 120 She [sc. a train] is too hot to catch on the fly.

1944 Sat. Evening Post 24 June 80/2 PV's can outrun all but the fastest of Jap fighters, but they pay for their speed by landing hot.

1966 T. Wisdom High-performance Driving ii. 31 Small ‘hot’ machines like a Mini Cooper and a Renault Gordini.

1975 D. C. Conley in R. Higham & A. Siddall Flying Combat Aircraft of USAAF–USAF 11 An aircraft that landed at a high rate of speed was referred to as ‘hot’.

1987 Yachting World Apr. 60/2 (advt.) The unique hull design..enables the Nonsuch to outrun all but the hottest racing sloops of the same length.

2006 San Antonio (Texas) Express-News (Nexis) 21 Apr. 11 h There'll also be hot rods and hot motorcycles on display.

B. n.¹

1. Hot conditions (now chiefly colloquial and regional); the fact or quality of being hot, heat. Also (with the): that which is hot; hot things collectively.In Old English also in partitive genitive singular as postmodifier.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > [noun]

heatc825

hotOE

hotnessOE

burninga1522

calidity1528

calor1599

chaud1659

caloric1794

OE Vercelli Homilies (1992) ii. 56 Þonne þinceð þam synfullan þæt noht ne sie þæs hates ne þæs cealdes, ne þæs heardes ne þæs hnesces, ne þæs leofes ne ðæs laðes, þæt hine þonne mæge fram dryhtnes lufan adon.

OE Proverb (Faust. A.x) in E. V. K. Dobbie Anglo-Saxon Minor Poems (1942) 109 Hat acolað, hwit asolað, leof alaðaþ, leoht aðystrað.

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 3734 Wiþþ hat. & kald. wiþþ nesshe. & harrd.

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 139 He soffreþ and honger, an þorst, and chald and hot.

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) I. v. iii. 177 Hote and coolde greueþ suche on.

?a1475 Lessons of Dirige (Douce) l. 293 in J. Kail 26 Polit. Poems (1904) 130 (MED) A man..With hote and colde and hungor sore, Turmented ys from yere to yere.

1582 S. Batman Vppon Bartholome, De Proprietatibus Rerum xviii. viii. f. 342/1 The Semen of the Asse is most cold by kinde, and the matter of them, and the matter of the Mare is hot, & therfore when the hot is meddeled with the colde, then the meddeling is tempered, then therof may come conception.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ii. 898 Hot, cold, moist, and dry, four Champions fierce Strive here [i.e. in Chaos] for Maistrie.

a1747 L. Welsted Wks. (1787) 3 Be not tempted, lovely Nell..To lick th' o'erflowing juice, or bite the crust. You'll rather stay (if my advice may rule) Until the hot is temper'd by the cool.

1847 N. Hogg Poet. Lett. (1865) 15 Wull then in es gose, bit moast daid way that hot.

1881 Palo Alto Pilot (Emmetsburg, Iowa) 22 July Wednesday was the hottest of the hot.

1921 R. S. Woodworth Psychol. x. 198 Hot, accordingly, is a sensation compounded of warmth and pain, and cold a sensation composed of coolness and pain.

1966 P. Moloney Plea for Mersey 43 Swettin with the 'ot.

1996 A. Theroux Secondary Colors 51 One of the hottest of the hot, the virtually merciless, scalding habañero pepper.

2. North American colloquial. A hot meal; a serving of hot food. Chiefly in three hots a day and variants.

ΚΠ

1897 Kansas Univ. Q. B. 6 88 Hots: cry of the street vender of hot tomales, tenderloins, wienerwursts, etc.

1906 Atlanta (Georgia) Constit. 13 Oct. 3/2 Dis beats a cold handout. Three hots a day for me.

1951 W. Motley We fished all Night iv. xviii. 248 In the army I got my three hots a day.

1971 I. Faust Willy Remembers xi. 57 But as long as we had three hots and a flop, who cared?

2001 Philadelphia Business Jrnl. (Nexis) 14 Dec. 1 That's three hots a day for 325,000 inmates.

3. In plural. slang (originally U.S.). With the. Strong sexual desire or attraction; (hence) gen. extreme desire or enthusiasm. Esp. in to get (also have) the hots for (cf. to have (or get) hot pants (for a person) at hot pants n. 1a).

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > sexual relations > sexual desire > [noun]

willOE

loveOE

likinga1200

jollityc1330

desirec1340

fire1340

naturec1387

ragea1425

pride1486

lovered1487

Venus1513

courage1541

passion1648

lusting1760

philogenitiveness1815

body-urge1930

hots1940

hard-on1949

1940 L. E. Watkin Geese in Forum xxviii. 212 You wouldn't get far with the Burgess wench anyway; not the way ol' man Mason hangs around. They got the hots for each other.

1942 Savitar (Univ. Missouri Yearbk.) 233 ‘The hots’, which is the ‘college’ way of saying somebody's in love with or inclined in that direction toward another person. Thus we get ‘He's really got the hots for her’ or ‘She's got the deep endurin' hots for him’.

1951 W. H. Auden Nones (1952) 18 Jack likes Jill who worships George Who has the hots for Jack.

1976 Time Out 9 Apr. 13/2 Two property speculators with the hots for vacated squats.

2004 S. Grafton R is for Ricochet (2005) xviii. 194 You made no secret you had the hots for him.

Phrases

P1. In (chiefly hyperbolical) similative comparisons, as hot as hell, hotter than hell, hot as fire, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > [adjective] > having or communicating much heat > very

wall-hotc1000

walm-hotOE

hot as hellOE

welling?a1200

welling hota1400

aestuant?1440

burning1484

scalding?a1513

broiling1555

roasting1567

walming hot1601

boiling hot1607

baking1656

stewing-hot1711

piping1823

grilling1839

seething1848

white-hot1855

stewing1856

incandescent1859

swithering1895

boiling1930

OE Ælfric Lives of Saints (Julius) (1881) I. 250 Þær com heofonlic leoht to þam halgum martyrum, swa hat swa sunne scinende on sumere.

a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) 908 (MED) Sum-time it [sc. pain] hentis me wiþ hete as hot as ani fure, but quicliche so kene a cold comes þer-after.

a1470 T. Malory Morte Darthur (Winch. Coll. 13) (1990) II. 792 The chambir that was as hote as ony styew.

1540 J. Palsgrave tr. G. Gnapheus Comedye of Acolastus iii. ii. sig. Oii^v Is he in loue with me as hote as a toste or not?

1593 W. Shakespeare Venus & Adonis sig. B^v She red, and hot, as coles of glowing fier, He red for shame, but frostie in desier.

1618 J. Vicars Prospectiue Glasse sig. E3^v Heau'ns Psalmodicall harmonious Quire Of Saints and Angels zealous, hot as fire.

1694 T. D'Urfey Comical Hist. Don Quixote: Pt. 2nd v. ii. 60 'Twas Pride, hot as Hell, That first made me Rebell.

1696 D. Manley Royal Mischief iv. i. 31 Were she not hotter than the Flames of Hell.

1711 W. King et al. Vindic. Sacheverell 98 Thou art as hot as a Glass-house.

1750 J. Wesley Let. to Revd. Mr. Baily 9 He would make her House ‘hotter than Hell-fire’.

1762 R. Lloyd Poems 42 I blow to cool it, cries the Clown, That I may get the liquor down: For though I grant, you've made it well, You've boil'd it, sir, as hot as hell.

1849 N. Kingsley Diary (1914) 19 Hot as blazes—glad to get under awnings.

1889 J. S. Farmer Americanisms 293/2 Hot as the Devil's kitchen.

1912 Dial. Notes 3 579 Hot as hammered hell.

1934 G. Ross Tips on Tables 282 A special sauce that is hotter than Hades.

1935 A. J. Pollock Underworld Speaks 58/2 Hot as a 45, wanted by the police.

1950 L. G. Miller Story of Ernie Pyle xxiv. 242 We stopped at a jungle field for lunch. It was hotter than hell.

2003 W. Brandt Bk. of Film of Story of my Life x. 168 We deplane directly onto the tarmac. It's about five in the afternoon and it's as hot as an oven.

P2. hot and cold.

†a. In all conditions and circumstances. Also in hot and cold. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > existence > state or condition > circumstance or circumstances > circumstance [phrase] > in all or any case or circumstances

in nesh and hardc1175

still and louda1250

loud and still1300

for nesh or hard?a1400

hot and coldc1400

in all essays1669

round or rattlea1670

c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 1844 Euer in hot & colde To be your trwe seruaunt.

c1450 in F. J. Furnivall Hymns to Virgin & Christ (1867) 46 (MED) Neiþer in hoot ne coolde, I may not make him stumble.

1650 N. Ward Discolliminium 30 He that pleadeth for a generall..Toleration, hot and cold, I meane constantly and deliberately..shall finde himselfe a very Atheist.

a1811 R. Cumberland False Demetrius iv, in Wks. (1813) II. 392 I [have] stuck to this desperate rover, Wet and dry, hot and cold, the world over.

1849 G. Lippard Man with Mask xxi. 57 Rich Man! Rich because others have toiled by night and day, in hot and cold.

b. Being or doing different or opposite things by turns; inconsistent, vacillating. In later use frequently as the complement to a verb; cf. to blow hot and cold at blow v.¹ 2b. to run hot and cold: to behave erratically or inconsistently, to vacillate.

ΚΠ

1583 R. Greene Mamillia i. f. 29 We may see the flitring of mens fancy, and the ficklenes of their fayth..so their loue is hotte and cold euery houre.

1605 B. Jonson Sejanus i. sig. B^v Be hot, and cold with him; change euery moode, Habit, and garbe, as often as he varies.

1770 J. Armstrong Forced Marriage ii. iii. 50 Where friendship is so ticklish The sooner done the better. I'm heart-sick Of hot and cold friends.

1854 Rambler Apr. 308 One story is told to one subscriber, and another to another... Its inevitable consequence must have been the disgust of the readers of so hot-and-cold a periodical.

1897 Chicago Sunday Tribune 6 June 15/2 (heading) Gas keeps 'em guessing. Legislative rumors make Wall Street run hot and cold.

1939 Bee (Danville, Va.) 9 Feb. b4/2 Duke's defending champions..have run hot and cold all season.

1963 Times 3 Dec. 6/6 It looks as if the Indonesian Government was once more playing hot and cold.

1984 A. Smith in G. Ursell More Sask. Gold i. vii. 71 Michael Povey played second base on both our baseball and softball teams this spring, has a sure glove, is hot and cold with the bat.

1990 M. S. Peck Bed by Window xiii. 225 He certainly had the capacity to make her wax hot and cold in response to him.

2004 P. Biskind Down & Dirty Pictures vi. 204 [He] was well known for running hot and cold on people, and the composition of his inner circle..was chronically in flux.

c. to go (all) hot and cold and variants: to experience alternate sensations of heat and cold, as from fear, shock, or embarrassment; (also in weakened use) to feel uneasy, embarrassed, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > expectation > surprise, unexpectedness > happen or move unexpectedly [verb (intransitive)] > feel surprised

to think wonder (also ferly)lOE

to have wondera1400

admirec1429

startle1562

to think (it) strange of (or concerning)1585

to come short?1611

strange1639

to think (it) much1669

admirize1702

to go (all) hot and cold1845

to take to1862

surprise1943

not to know (or to wonder) what hit one1961

1845 A. Marsh Mount Sorel I. xiii. 228 I went hot and cold as he said this, and remembered the faint shriek I had heard.

1888 Lady D. Hardy Dangerous Exper. III. iv. 84 I trembled and went hot and cold.

1928 Daily Mail 3 Aug. 10/6 The figures given..as to my earnings..made me go all hot and cold—I wonder what I can have done with all that money!

1952 Musical Times 93 35 Then you go ‘hot and cold all over’ and wish you could slink out of the hall without being seen or recognized.

1973 A. Price October Men v. 64 His wife had said..that she had gone ‘all hot and cold’ after nearly being run over.

1999 New Yorker 2 Aug. 40/1 I still go hot and cold when I think of that moment.

d. (A supply of) hot and cold running water (for a washbasin or bath, in accommodation, etc.).

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > liquid > water > [noun] > hot and cold

hot and cold1877

1877 Times 24 July 14/1 (advt.) Two floors, containing seven bed and dressing rooms, bath room fitted hot and cold, three reception rooms.

1914 J. M. Barrie Admirable Crichton iii. 130 He's working out that plan for laying on hot and cold.

1944 A. Thirkell Headmistress i. 23 ‘There is a basin with hot and cold,’ she said.

2006 J. A. Oliver Come away with Me 127 The..room had..a wash-basin with hot and cold and nothing else.

†P3. hot on (also of, in, upon) the spur: (a) that rides with speed and urgency; (b) eager, keen; (also) rash, impetuous; cf. hotspur n. 1. Obsolete (archaic in later use).

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > manner of action > rapidity or speed of action or operation > [adjective] > acting with haste > in a hurry or hastening eagerly

hastya1387

battea1475

hastening1545

hot on (also of, in, upon) the spur1577

the world > action or operation > manner of action > rapidity or speed of action or operation > with rapid action [phrase] > in haste or in a hurry > with undue or rash haste

on headc1425

hand over heada1500

in haste?1518

hot on (also of, in, upon) the spur1577

1577 J. Grange Golden Aphroditis sig. Eiv He mounted vpon his bayarde gray, making a poste iorney (being hotte on the spurre).

1601 J. Weever Mirror of Martyrs sig. C5 ^v All the Armie, ventrous, valorous, bold, Hote on the spur.

1633 T. Adams Comm. 2 Peter iii. xviii. 1566 There is a preposterous zeale, too hote on the spurre.

1652 J. Shirley Doubtful Heir v. 62 Speed, an you be so hot o' th' spur.

1699 W. Winstanley Essex Champion ix. 136 He being hot upon the spur will admit of no delay.

1829 W. Irving Chron. Conquest Granada xxix. 157 If you are as cool in the head, as you are hot in the spur, you may bear off your spoils.

1838 J. G. Grant Rufus I. i. 4 They..were hot upon the spur to join King Stephen.

P4. too hot to hold (a person): (of a place) not safe or pleasant for (a person) to remain in, owing to persecution, repercussions from past behaviour, etc. Cf. sense A. 9b.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > danger > there is danger in a course of action [phrase] > too dangerous for (a person)

too hot to hold (a person)1636

1636 W. Sampson Vow Breaker iv. i. sig. G3 The Towne I see was too hot to hold thee.

1648 M. Nedham Plea for King Epist. sig. Aij They will make your House too hot to hold you.

1736 H. Fielding Pasquin ii. 24 I'll make the House too hot to hold you.

1851 H. Mayhew London Labour I. 416/2 Her husband was on the pad in the country, as London was too hot to hold him.

1870 C. M. Yonge Cameos xcviii, in Monthly Packet Jan. 14 She..made St. Albans too hot to hold her.

1901 D. B. Hall & A. Osborne Sunshine & Surf 38 A hurried departure..of gentlemen who find these countries too hot to hold them.

1997 J. Pastor Land & Econ. in Anc. Palestine iv. 42 At first Jerusalem was too hot to hold him, but with the passing of time, and the king, he was able to renew his contacts.

P5. colloquial. In various phrases indicating a severe or angry reprimand, scolding, attack, etc., as to give it (a person) hot, to let (a person) have it hot, to get (also catch) it hot, etc. Cf. give v. Phrases 1c(a), have v. Phrases 1a(a), get v. Phrases 2d(a)(i).

ΚΠ

1679 tr. Trag. Hist. Jetzer 24 St. Catherine..gave him as hot as he brought.

1826 W. Scott Jrnl. 26 Feb. (1939) 116 I wad give it them hot!

1877 W. H. Thomson Five Years' Penal Servitude iv. 287 He ‘got it hot’ for such a crime.

1891 ‘L. Malet’ Wages of Sin II. 102 If she catches him she'll let him have it hot.

1898 Westm. Gaz. 14 Jan. 4/3 You will get it hot before you are done.

1922 N. Coward Down with Whole Darn Lot! in Compl. Lyrics (1998) 38/2 Down with the London stage! We'll let them have it hot. If Laurillard or Sachs resists We'll kill them both as Royalists.

1929 Times 8 Feb. 10/4 The secretaries at home and abroad ‘caught it hot’ when a badly written dispatch came into his hands.

2004 A. Hollinghurst Line of Beauty v. 118 Gerald shook his head in the savour of triumph. ‘I let him have it hot.’

P6.

a. hot on the trail (also scent) of and variants: in close pursuit of; very near to tracking down or capturing. Cf. sense A. 11a.

ΚΠ

1624 R. Montagu Immediate Addresse 8 The Dogges came vp hot vpon the scent:..the Foxe was caught and torne in pieces.

1679 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Reformation I. iii. 221 Bonner, who was hot on the scent of Preferment, added a Preface.

1702 J. Toland Vindicius Liberius 77 Since they were so hot on the Scent of pernitious Books, I have Reason to ask.., Why such a Dedication was not Solemn.

1823 London Mag. Mar. 248 They are hot upon her trail.

1829 G. Griffin in Lit. Souvenir 89 These English dogs have worried us from our hold, and are still hot upon our scent.

1897 Evening Herald (Syracuse, N.Y.) 15 Sept. (Fourth ed.) 1/6 When the..police and Albany detectives were hot on the trail of Warner, the officers were also looking for a woman.

1906 W. Woods Billy the Kid iv, in America's Lost Plays VIII. 242 Me own life ain't none too safe. They're hot on our trail.

1992 Herald (Glasgow) (Nexis) 21 Jan. 37 England were hot on the scent of their first Test victory in New Zealand for 14 years.

2007 Science 2 Mar. 1211/2 Researchers are hot on the trail of..small molecule drugs that reactivate the p53 protein.

b. hot on the heels of and variants: in close pursuit of; swiftly following. Cf. heel n.¹ and int. Phrases 1a(a).

ΚΠ

1835 W. G. Simms Partisan I. viii. 96 The sound had something supernatural and chilling in it; and the instinct of each, but a moment before so hot upon the heels of the outlaw, was now to regain his starting-place.

1878 Harper's Mag. Jan. 213/1 Hot on his heels came Cromwell's Puritans to the number of sixty.

1938 Life 6 June 22/3 General Cedillo was reported in full flight through the bush, with Federal troops hot on his heels.

1956 Times 13 Feb. 8/1 Hot on the heels of Colonel Nasser's ‘substantial measure of agreement’ with the World Bank came the sobering announcement.

2005 Sunday Tel. (Sydney) 17 July (Queensland ed.) 30 Flash races from the throne room with Blaze hot on his heels!

P7. hot and hot: (of a number of dishes of meat, etc.) served in succession as soon as cooked; (also) food served in this way. Also figurative. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > serving food > [adverb] > served in specific way

hot and hot1710

on the side1883

1710 E. Ward Nuptial Dialogues & Deb. II. v. 86 One Spoonful more of Greens, my Dear, Eat freely, Love, and never fear..I know you like a Bit by th' by, That's hot and hot, as well as I.

1771 T. Smollett Humphry Clinker III. 200 I give you them like a beef-steak at Dolly's, hot and hot.

1842 Ld. Tennyson Will Waterproof's Monologue in Poems (new ed.) II. 193 Thy care is, under polish'd tins, To serve the hot-and-hot.

1846 C. Dickens Dombey & Son (1848) viii. 73 Mutton-chops, which were brought in hot and hot, between two plates.

1865 G. A. Sala My Diary in Amer. I. 409 Those glorious mutton chops..which we order ‘hot and hot to follow’.

1909 T. H. Lewin Lewin Lett. I. ii. 187 The dinner uniformly consisted of beefsteaks, followed by a second course of Welsh rare-bits, cooked hot and hot.

1937 V. D. Scudder On Journey ii. ii. 121 It was fun..to teach G.B.S. [i.e. the books of George Bernard Shaw] hot-and-hot from the griddle.

1946 Times 8 Jan. 5/4 We are given just time to digest one meal before another still more exciting is served hot-and-hot.

P8. hot off (also from) the press and variants: just printed, newly published; (hence) new, novel. Cf. sense A. 10b.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > printing > [adverb] > newly printed

hot off (also from) the press1804

the world > time > relative time > the future or time to come > newness or novelty > new [phrase]

piping hot?1589

fresh (also new) off the irons1683

hot off (also from) the press1804

1804 J. Minshull Merry Dames ii. 18 Here is my pamphlet hot from the press.

1892 J. Davidson tr. C.-L. de S. de Montesquieu Persian Lett. II. cix. 71 They..never speak except of works hot from the press.

1910 S. P. Wilson Chicago by Gas Light 43 It is no uncommon sight to see the place crowded with men and women waiting for the ‘racing form’ to appear hot from the printing press.

1918 Puck (N.Y.) Mar. 83/3 Lippincott's new ones just hot off the presses this morning.

1955 Times 19 Aug. 2/5 But it is for novelties, hot from the press or the copyist's desk, that discontent is calling.

2005 Sugar May 90/2 The news that these thoroughbred A-listers exist isn't exactly hot off the press.

P9. hot and heavy (cf. hot and strong at Phrases 11).

a. Intense, relentless; passionate. Frequently as complement to a verb.

ΚΠ

1822 R. H. Dana Idle Man I. 53 ‘Let it come hot and heavy.’ And his eye brightened and spirits rose, the closer and harder the fight became.

1841 H. J. Mercier & W. Gallop Life in Man-of-War 9 The rough and tempestuous weather..came on as our tars express it, ‘hot and heavy’, though cold and heavy would have been a more appropriate expression.

1861 H. A. Jacobs Incidents Life Slave Girl x. 88 Her reproaches fell so hot and heavy, that they left me no chance to answer.

1974 B. Hoddeson Porn People ii. 29/2 This girl and I, who were going hot and heavy.

1994 S. Matheson Flying Frontiers i. 18 Air Canada had a seven-week ground school course, hot and heavy... If you couldn't keep out, you were out the door.

b. colloquial. In various phrases indicating a severe or angry reprimand, attack, etc.; see Phrases 5.

ΚΠ

1834 W. A. Caruthers Kentuckian in N.Y. I. xvii. 189 He doesn't honey it up to 'em, and mince his words—he lets it down upon 'em hot and heavy.

1839 J. L. Motley Morton's Hope II. v. i. 178 The British line gave way this time, and then they got it hot and heavy I tell you.

1884 A. Daly Pique iv. iii. 86 Take my pistol. If the worst comes to the worst before I come back, give it to them hot and heavy.

1922 J. Joyce Ulysses ii. 155 If a fellow gave them trouble being lagged they let him have it hot and heavy in the bridewell.

1940 H. B. Hough Country Editor xxx. 234 He stopped at her house and she gave him, hot and heavy, the exquisitely turned phrases she had been saving up for the company.

2007 Guardian (Nexis) 13 Feb. 10 Jamie's going in to give it to them, hot and heavy.

P10. too hot to handle: too difficult to control, manage, or deal with adequately (in early use frequently in Baseball, of a ball); too risky or provocative.The influence of other senses is evident in several quots. Cf. quots. 1885, 1917 with sense A. 9d, quot. 1959 with sense A. 8c, and quot. 1969 with sense A. 9e and handle v.¹ 9.

ΚΠ

1822 A. Cunningham Sir Marmaduke Maxwell v. i. 49 My Lord Protector has resigned his sword; 'Twas much too hot to handle.

1885 N.Y. Times 3 Sept. 2 Caskins went to base on balls, was advanced on Kirby's hit to Crane, which proved too hot to handle, and scored on Dunlap's sacrifice to McQuery.

1917 N.Y. Tribune 7 June 11/1 ‘The last shot from the American ship’, says a bulletin from the State Department, ‘apparently was a clean hit.’ The German official scorers called it an error; but the American o.s., because it was too hot to handle, called it a clean hit. No runs.

1959 Daily Mail 17 Oct. 3/1 All in true Mae West tradition. Said a Columbia Broadcasting System spokesman sorrowfully: ‘Some of her answers when the show was recorded were just too hot to handle.’

1969 Times 4 July 3/8 Many stolen works of art have been recovered recently..which suggests that thieves are finding them too hot to handle.

1992 Washington Post (National ed.) 19 Oct. 31/1 More money for the stalled savings and loan cleanup was too hot to handle in an election year.

2000 C. A. Ruud in R. J. Goldstein War for Public Mind vii. 253 When censors found a writer or editor too hot to handle, they would send his material up the line, where it might even reach the tsar.

P11. hot and strong (cf. hot and heavy at Phrases 9).

a. Intense, passionate. Frequently as complement to a verb.

ΚΠ

1843 H. R. Schoolcraft Alhalla 46 A thousand warriors served me well, And..Play'd hot and strong the warrior's part.

1880 E. W. Hamilton Diary 25 July (1972) I. 27 Wilfrid Blunt goes in ‘hot and strong’ for making the Province a sort of independence.

1881 C. E. L. Riddell Senior Partner II. xi. 221 Hot and strong was the reply which rose to Robert's lips, but he bit it back.

1952 Times 24 Apr. 6/5 Tchaikovsky's fourth symphony came over hot and strong.

1988 Courier-Mail (Brisbane) (Nexis) 3 Oct. The arguments came hot and strong.

b. colloquial. In various phrases indicating a severe or angry reprimand, attack, etc.; see Phrases 5.

ΚΠ

1861 Dublin Univ. Mag. June 747/2 As for Paolo Sarpi, he has it hot and strong; he is—‘Heretical and servile’.

1872 T. Hardy Under Greenwood Tree I. ii. iv. 164 It is thought that you are going to get it hot and strong!

1938 A. G. Macdonell Autobiogr. of Cad ii. 14 Jedediah never spent a penny on the estate unless he was legally compelled to—and then the man who legally compelled him got it hot and strong in double quick time.

2003 Independent on Sunday (Nexis) 8 June 4 You will want to give it to them hot and strong because their stupidity is a moral flaw.

P12. to run hot: (a) (of a (part of a) machine) to become hot during operation; (b) U.S. colloquial (now rare) to become angry.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > anger > [verb (intransitive)] > become angry

wrethec900

wrothc975

abelghec1300

to move one's blood (also mood)c1330

to peck moodc1330

gremec1460

to take firea1513

fumec1522

sourdc1540

spitec1560

to set up the heckle1601

fire1604

exasperate1659

to fire up1779

to flash up1822

to get one's dander up1831

to fly (occasionally jump, etc.) off (at) the handle1832

to have (also get) one's monkey up1833

to cut up rough, rusty, savage1837

rile1837

to go off the handle1839

to flare up1840

to set one's back up1845

to run hot1855

to wax up1859

to get one's rag out1862

blow1871

to get (also have) the pricker1871

to turn up rough1872

to get the needle1874

to blaze up1878

to get wet1898

spunk1898

to see red1901

to go crook1911

to get ignorant1913

to hit the ceiling1914

to hit the roof1921

to blow one's top1928

to lose one's rag1928

to lose one's haira1930

to go up in smoke1933

hackle1935

to have, get a cob on1937

to pop (also blow) one's cork1938

to go hostile1941

to go sparec1942

to do one's bun1944

to lose one's wool1944

to blow one's stack1947

to go (also do) one's (also a) dingerc1950

rear1953

to get on ignorant1956

to go through the roof1958

to keep (also blow, lose) one's cool1964

to lose ita1969

to blow a gasket1975

to throw a wobbler1985

1855 Jrnl. Agric. Jan. 558 The journals should be kept well oiled, so as never to run hot.

1884 Eng. Mech. 24 Oct. 184/1 I hear that the trailing axle of this engine is running hot.

1911 Tribune (Cedar Rapids, Iowa) 2 June 5/3 They oiled several motors with disinfectant dope. No wonder they ran hot.

1941 Sun (Baltimore) 29 July 10/7 I seen him reading across the table and called him down. He run hot and so I told him to git his money.

1976 K. Benton Single Monstrous Act v. 166 The Detective Chief Superintendent's waiting for us, and beginning to run hot, too. He's got a lot on his mind.

2009 Thomasville (Georgia) Times-Enterprise (Nexis) 24 July The vehicle..replaces a 1999 van that ran hot if left running.

P13. colloquial (originally U.S.). hot under the collar and variants: angry, resentful; agitated. Chiefly in to get hot under the collar.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > anger > [adjective]

irrec825

gramec893

wemodc897

wrothc950

bolghenc1000

gramelyc1000

hotOE

on fireOE

brathc1175

moodyc1175

to-bollenc1175

wrethfulc1175

wraw?c1225

agrameda1300

wrathfula1300

agremedc1300

hastivec1300

irousa1340

wretheda1340

aniredc1350

felonc1374

angryc1380

upreareda1382

jealous1382

crousea1400

grieveda1400

irefula1400

mada1400

teena1400

wraweda1400

wretthy14..

angryc1405

errevousa1420

wrothy1422

angereda1425

passionatec1425

fumous1430

tangylc1440

heavy1452

fire angry1490

wrothsomea1529

angerful?1533

wrothful?1534

wrath1535

provoked1538

warm1547

vibrant1575

chauffe1582

fuming1582

enfeloned1596

incensed1597

choleric1598

inflameda1600

raiseda1600

exasperate1601

angried1609

exasperated1611

dispassionate1635

bristlinga1639

peltish1648

sultry1671

on (also upon) the high ropes (also rope)1672

nangry1681

ugly1687

sorea1694

glimflashy1699

enraged1732

spunky1809

cholerous1822

kwaai1827

wrathy1828

angersome1834

outraged1836

irate1838

vex1843

raring1845

waxy1853

stiff1856

scotty1867

bristly1872

hot under the collar1879

black angry1894

spitfire1894

passionful1901

ignorant1913

hairy1914

snaky1919

steamed1923

uptight1934

broigus1937

lemony1941

ripped1941

pissed1943

crooked1945

teed off1955

ticked off1959

ripe1966

torqued1967

bummed1970

1879 Globe (Atchison, Kansas) 14 Aug. I was beginning to get hot under the collar. His effrontery was positively astounding.

1886 Sporting News 17 May 1/2 The boys are hot in the collar over the treatment received at the hands of the..audience.

1918 E. Pound Let. 4 June (1971) 138 After years of this sort of puling imbecility one gets hot under the collar and is perhaps carried to an extreme.

1941 F. Reinfeld Keres' Best Games of Chess 43/2 I suddenly began to go hot under the collar as I noticed the powerful move.

1970 J. Porter Dover strikes Again i. 7 Twenty-five years in the police had not tarnished Superintendent Underbarrow's basic serenity... He made it a point of honour never to get hot around the collar about anything.

2000 L. McTaggart Being Catholic Today i. 6 Do you get hot under the collar about vacuous musical moanings in church, or fired up at the thought of young people living ‘in sin’?

P14. hot and bothered: agitated, flustered, uncomfortable.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > excitement > nervous excitement > be in state of nervous excitement [phrase]

hot and bothered1899

to have ants in one's pants1930

1899 S. Crane Active Service 297 Coke looked hot and bothered, as if he could have more than half wanted to retract his visit.

1921 M. Arlen Romantic Lady iv. v. 161 I was getting very hot and bothered about the whole thing.

1958 Listener 23 Oct. 649/2 Then she emerged, hot and bothered, glasses half down her nose.

1961 J. Barlow Term of Trial i. ii. 22 Most of the teachers..urged silence in hot-and-bothered threats.

2003 Sunday Mail (Brisbane) 8 June 27/1 Beachgoers in Queensland's southeast may be relaxed about the idea of topless sunbathing, but up north some of the locals are getting hot and bothered about it.

P15. colloquial (now chiefly Australian). a bit hot: (of behaviour, an action, etc.) somewhat unreasonable or excessive. Cf. red-hot adj. 4.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > lack of reason, irrationality > [adjective] > not based on reason

hoflesc1175

unreasonablec1384

fantastica1387

disreasonablec1550

reasonless1556

idle1590

alogical1603

groundless1620

irrational1641

unreasonal1650

adoxal1652

irrationable1657

unreasoning1682

untoward1682

unfaceablea1825

aberrational1837

non-rational1859

irrationalistic1910

a bit hot1925

arational1935

1925 Times 30 Sept. 9/5 When anyone is knocked about you always come and dig me up... I don't know anything about it. This is a bit hot.

1931 T. R. G. Lyell Slang, Phrase & Idiom Colloq. Eng. 410 To dismiss the lad just because he forgot to post a letter is a bit hot.

1946 K. Tennant Lost Haven (1947) xiii. 204 She has to be humoured although I do think it's a bit hot her boy friend calling just as if she owned the place.

1999 L. Laube Bound for Vietnam iii. 35 Steak and eggs, 480 yuan. That's a bit hot!

P16. North American. Horse Racing. to walk (also occasionally cool out) hots: to lead a horse at walking pace in order to let it cool down after strenuous exercise. Cf. hot walker n. at Compounds 3.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping or management of horses > [verb (transitive)] > exercise a horse > walk after exercise

to walk (also occasionally cool out) hots1934

1934 Washington Post 25 Mar. 14/5 They put him to work walking ‘hots’ and cleaning out stables.

1939 Sat. Evening Post 1 Apr. 33 ‘Cooling out hots’..means walking horses around the barn until there is no fear they will stiffen.

1976 New Yorker 29 Mar. 109/2 He got an after-school job at a ranch, mucking out stalls and ‘walking hots’, as the chore of cooling out horses who have just worked or raced is called.

2007 J. Christgau Gambler & Bug Boy xx. 208 Albert walked hots, mucked stalls, and galloped horses at dawn.

P17. colloquial (originally U.S.). hot to trot.

a. Ready and willing, eager; esp. eager for sexual activity.

ΚΠ

1950 in R. Tomedi No Bugles, No Drums (1993) xix. Plate 2 (photograph of U.S. Army company sign) Hot to trot 2d B. 7th Reg. Fox co.

1978 Washington Post (Nexis) 24 Apr. b1 We're supposed to respect Valerie because she isn't quite as hot to trot as her homely friend Thelma.

1982 Computerworld 27 Dec. 49/4 They're hot to trot the first few days, but then they feel they can't do it and just sit back and depend on agencies.

2001 B. Broady In this Block there lives Slag 44 Whatever happened to the student nurses of my youth—vivid, tender, blithe as spring throstles and self-parodically hot to trot..though seldom with me?

b. Very keen on, enthusiastic about. Cf. sense A. 8a.

ΚΠ

1982 D. Dickenson Fighting Upstream in Canad. Fiction Mag. 30–31 98 I applied for compassionate leave, which I got, because I was..a member in good standing of the library club. The warden was hot to trot on reading.

1990 Chron. Higher Educ. 19 Dec. a22/5 He's ‘not hot to trot’ on a proposal for a prepaid-tuition plan approved by voters in November.

1995 Canad. Business May 34/2 Right now, everybody is hot to trot on small-capitalization stocks.

c. Desirable, in demand; erotic, sexy.

ΚΠ

1989 Car & Driver Sept. 111/1 These hot-to-trot chariots include a shiny red Corvette..and an ultrafast twin-turbo Ruf Porsche.

1992 More 28 Oct. 51/1 He'd actually buy her hot-to-trot underwear and little red Lycra numbers with plunging necklines.

2002 B Jan. 38/1 Kylie scores a double whammy in this year's awards. Not only is she hot to trot on a night out, she's spot on when it comes to the ‘less is more’ rule.

Compounds

C1. Parasynthetic.

hot-breathed adj.

ΚΠ

1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. i. iv. 125 Orion, Eridanus,..and hot-brearh't [sic] Sirius.

1787 R. Jephson Julia iii. iii. 37 Hot-breath'd vows, whose common vehemence Their common violation quickly follows.

1893 New Eng. Mag. June 494/1 Thy ships were steered, or peopled all With hot-breathed dragons.

1994 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 26 May 13/1 It is talky, lush, hot-breathed, and written in a manner several decades previous to that of Madame Bovary , which in fact had preceded it by a couple of years.

hot-eyed adj.

ΚΠ

1804 S. T. Coleridge Coll. Lett. (1956) II. 1127 I was hot-eyed with fever-smells in my nose.

1924 A. J. Small Frozen Gold 222 Hot-eyed, livid-faced men.

1996 J. Lanchester Debt to Pleasure (1997) 47 Many were the hot-eyed glances I had no doubt been unheedingly darted.

hot-hearted adj.

ΚΠ

OE Wanderer 66 Wita sceal geþyldig, ne sceal no to hatheort ne to hrædwyrde, ne to wac wiga ne to wanhydig, ne to forht ne to fægen.]

a1718 J. Bulkeley Last-day (1719) iv. 156 Paulus, hot-hearted Zealot, saw and joy'd At Heretick's Destruction.

1853 Times 8 Nov. 10/2 A large proportion are hothearted and hotheaded Irishmen.

2004 National Geographic (Nexis) 1 Jan. 2 Mars is not the hot-hearted volcano-building place it once was.

hot-spirited adj.

ΚΠ

?1589 T. Nashe Almond for Parrat sig. C2 Beeing as hotte spirited as your worshippes, in the schismaticall subiect of reformation.

1608 J. Day Humour out of Breath sig. F1^v Hot-sprighted youthes.

1714 J. Skidmore Primitive Simplicity Demonstrated iv. 211 Some other furious hot spirited Men.

1878 Times 13 July 11/4 There was reason to fear that the more hot-spirited partisans would claim the right to settle the dispute by violent methods.

1992 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 10 Aug. c13/1 Adriana, the hot-spirited female lead in ‘The Comedy of Errors’.

† hot-stomached adj. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1549 M. Coverdale et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. II. Phil. ii. f. iiii^v Peace and concorde can not..continue among them, that are hote stomaked and hyghe mynded.

1875 H. G. Liddell & R. Scott Greek Lex. 634/1 Hot-stomached.

hot-tailed adj.

ΚΠ

1654 E. Gayton Pleasant Notes Don Quixot iii. viii. 121 What a gracelesse Quean was I? what a forgetfull hot-tail'd Carrion?

1680 in Earl of Rochester Poems 78 Until her Hot-Tail'd Majesty..Had worne her Gems on Holy Days.

2007 Hamilton (Ont., Canada) Spectator (Nexis) 1 Sept. d21 Faced with a hot-tailed squirrel, rattlesnakes shift from offence to defence.

hot-toned adj.

ΚΠ

1931 Parnassus 3 12/1 A Loan Exhibition of Portraits of Women..included..the..splendid Promenade, a typical, hot toned Monticelli.

1961 New Left Rev. July 43/1 A swinging musician with a great sense of the Blues, and ‘hot-toned’.

1997 Toronto Sun (Nexis) 13 Aug. 54 Zonin Montepulciano d'Abruzzo 1995..is a hot-toned, blackberry-scented bargain.

C2. Appositive (chiefly poetic and literary).

hot-bright adj.

ΚΠ

1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. i. ii. 64 And then no more you would the Aire allow For Element, then th' hot-bright Flamer now.

a1649 W. Drummond Wks. (1711) 33/2 Night neither here is fair, nor Day hot bright.

2003 M. T. Kelly Guava Dreams xvi. 93 This lightest of all places, so hot-bright it fried your eyes like eggs.

hot-cold adj.

ΚΠ

1595 G. Markham Most Honorable Trag. Sir R. Grinuile sig. C5 These rags deuide the Zones, wherein is hurld My liues distemprate, hote cold miserie.

1597 T. Middleton Wisdome of Solomon Paraphr. ix. sig. L3^v Behold his poore estate, his hot-cold fire.

a1618 J. Sylvester tr. Little Bartas in tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Diuine Weekes & Wks. (1621) 774 The Fits of th' hot-cold cruell Fever.

1996 D. J. Chalmers Conscious Mind i. i. 9 The hot-cold sensation that one gets from touching ultracold ice.

hot-dry adj.

ΚΠ

1606 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. (new ed.) ii. iii. 94 Some hot-dry Exhaling, Or blazing Starre.

1952 College Art Jrnl. 12 18 These are caused by different climatic conditions which shift between the colddry winter and the hotdry summer.

2001 S. Roaf et al. Ecohouse (2002) 284 The West House takes advantage of the prevailing northwesterly hot winds that blow during the hot-dry seasons.

hot-humid adj.

ΚΠ

1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. ii. ii. 378 Hot-humid Bloud.

1614 J. Sylvester tr. J. Bertaut Panaretus 54 in Parl. Vertues Royal The Angell..found her out in a hot-humid Cell.

1982 Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 109 356/1 The climate of central Texas is characterized as warm-temperate with dry winters and hot-humid summers.

2001 S. Roaf et al. Ecohouse (2002) 286 The hot-humid period of July to August.

hot-moist adj.

ΚΠ

1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. i. ii. 40 The cold-dry Earth to hot-moist Aire, returnes-not.

1894 Classical Rev. 8 310/1 The four elements Air (hot-moist), Water (cold-moist), Earth (cold-dry), and Fire (hot-dry) were made.

2003 World & I (Nexis) 1 Feb. 148 As the equatorial regions heat up and ocean waters evaporate, the hot-moist air rises, drawing cooler air from higher latitudes into the tropical regions.

C3.

hot ache n. a pain felt in the hands when they are warmed after being very cold.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > pain > pain in specific parts > [noun] > in hands

hot ache1697

1697 Philos. Trans. 1695–7 (Royal Soc.) 19 379 The tops of my Fingers..did boaken and ake, as when after extream cold, one has the hot-ach in them.

1791 E. Darwin Bot. Garden: Pt. I i. 131 The pain called the hot-ach after the hands have been immersed in snow.

1844 Lancet 13 Apr. 110/1 It was a kind of reaction, like the succession of ‘hot ache’ to cold.

1917 D. H. Lawrence Look! We have come Through! 155 Their scent is lacerating and repellent, it smells of burning snow, of hot-ache.

2003 Lincs. Echo (Nexis) 18 Jan. 65 It was really cold out there. I got hot ache in my fingers that reminded me of playing snowballs when I was a boy.

hot-aching adj. poetic aching in a manner reminiscent of hot ache.Apparently an isolated use.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > pain > pain in specific parts > [adjective] > in hands

hot-aching1917

1917 D. H. Lawrence Look! We have come Through! 156 These first-flower young women... They are the flowers of ice-vivid mortification... What kind of ice-rotten, hot-aching heart must they need to root in!

hot-arsed adj. slang (esp. of a woman) lustful; sexually aroused or arousing.rare before 20th cent.

ΚΠ

1683 A. Marsh Confession New Married Couple 121 That hot-ar'sd whorish Faustina.

c1890 My Secret Life IX. viii. 242 Nelly..was unusually hot arsed and lewed tongued.

1993 G. Gibson Gentleman Death vii. 100 Hot-arsed, they grappled; she wriggled like an eel, twisting in his long arms.

2006 S. J. Dimmock Knight of Temple 36 Too anxious to get back to their hot arsed houris in Cordoba, I expect.

hot atom n. Physics and Chemistry an atom that has a very high kinetic or internal energy, usually as a result of a nuclear process (cf. sense A. 9i).

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > physics > atomic nucleus > radioactivity > [noun] > atom with high energy

hot atom1946

1946 Sci. News Let. 20 Apr. 247/1 These hot atoms, with energies 10,000 times greater than those involved in ordinary chemical reactions, fly through solutions at enormous speed, due to recoil from such nuclear explosions as the emission of gamma rays.

1950 Sci. Amer. Mar. 44/3 The bizarre chemical effects sometimes produced by radioactive atoms have given rise to a fascinating new branch of investigation known as hot atom chemistry.

1989 Science 24 Nov. 1010/1 In 1981 the study of hot atom collisions was reinvigorated when the first laser experiments were performed with short pulse excimer lasers to produce hot atoms.

† hot-backed adj. Obsolete lustful; cf. hot-arsed adj.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > lasciviousness or lust > [adjective]

golelichc1000

luxuriousc1330

jollyc1384

lustyc1386

Venerienc1386

nicea1393

gayc1405

lasciviousc1425

libidinous1447

Venerian1448

coltishc1450

gigly1482

lubric1490

ranka1500

venereous1509

lubricous1535

venerious1547

boarish?1550

goatish?1552

cadye1554

lusting1559

coy1570

rage1573

rammish1577

venerial1577

lustful1579

rageous1579

proud1590

lust-breathed1594

rampant1596

venerous1597

sharp-seta1600

fulsome1600

lubrical1602

hot-backed1607

ruttish1607

stoned1607

muskish-minded1610

Venerean1612

saucya1616

veneral1623

lascive1647

venereal1652

lascivient1653

hircine1656

hot-tempered1673

ramp1678

randy1771

concupiscenta1834

aphrodisiac1862

lubricious1884

radgie1894

1607 T. Middleton Revengers Trag. i. sig. B2 A hot-backt Diuill.

1680 Earl of Rochester et al. Poems 148 Being over warm with the last debauch [printed debanch], I grew as drunk as any Roach, When hot Back'd Wardens did approach, Or later.

hot beef int. and n. [rhyming slang for thief n.] now rare (a) int. ‘Stop thief!’; (b) n. a cry of this, as in to give (a person) hot beef.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > administration of justice > general proceedings > arrest > under arrest [phrase] > cry for help to arrest thief

stop thief!1714

hot beef1861

1861 H. Mayhew London Labour III. 128/1 There is a regular run over the stage crying ‘Hot beef! hot beef!’ (instead of ‘Stop thief!’).

1879 Macmillan's Mag. 40 506/2 He followed, giving me hot beef (calling ‘Stop thief’).

1896 A. Morrison Child of Jago x. 95 It was now that he first experienced ‘hot beef’—which is the Jago idiom denoting the plight of one harried by the cry ‘Stop thief’.

1973 G. Butler Coffin for Pandora vii. 157 ‘Hot beef, hot beef,’ cried the schoolboys. ‘Catch him.’

hot bottle n. = hot-water bottle n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > heating or making hot > that which or one who heats > [noun] > a device for heating or warming > devices for warming the person

hot-water bottle1636

hot bottle1836

stomach-warmer1836

kangri1911

hotty1947

the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > heating or making hot > that which or one who heats > [noun] > a device for heating or warming > devices for warming bed

bedpan1572

warming-pan1574

froe1594

hot-water bottle1636

damsel1728

nun1728

water bottle1771

hot bottle1836

bottle1857

pig1869

bed-bottle1907

bed-warmer1931

hotty1947

1836 Times 3 Sept. 5/4 Witness caused her wet clothes to be taken off, and ordered the body to be placed in warm blankets. He then applied hot bottles to her feet.

1967 S. Knight Window on Shanghai xxxi. 139 The Chinese don't use hot-bottles unless they're ill.

2006 Guardian (Nexis) 30 Nov. 6 Annasach on the Scottish borders..buys from charity shops sweaters that can't be sold and turns them into stylish hot bottle covers.

hot box n. originally U.S. (a) an overheated journal or bearing, esp. on a railway vehicle; (b) colloquial a swelteringly hot room, building, or enclosed space.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > rail travel > rolling stock > [noun] > railway wagon or carriage > parts of axle assembly

pedestal1814

box1825

hot box1848

axle-bearing1849

horn-plate1856

axle-box1871

1848 Merchants' Mag. 19 656 Such a thing as a ‘hot box’ to a car has not been known,..since the sprinkler has been in use.

1873 ‘M. Twain’ & C. D. Warner Gilded Age xlvi. 419 A hot box had to be cooled at Wilmington.

1911 H. A. Franck Four Months Afoot in Spain x. 230 The writer..dwelt in the usual hotbox that constitutes a Madrid lodging.

1971 Flying (N.Y.) Apr. 48/3 Lovely airplane but its another hotbox.

1986 Mod. Railroads May 53/1 Railroads..are coming to depend more and more on the surveillance..provided by train defect installations, commonly known as hotbox detectors.

hot brush n. an electrically heated hairbrush, designed to give curl and extra body to hair.

ΚΠ

1971 Daily Rev. (Hayward, Calif.) 18 Nov. 25/6 Check the electrically operated ‘hot brushes’ which make hair grooming easy.

2001 C. Glazebrook Madolescents 300 After squirting on some spray gel and scrunch-drying his hair, I give it as much body as I can with Mrs Marr's hotbrush.

hot bulb n. Mechanics (in a semi-diesel engine) an uncooled chamber connected to the cylinder head which is maintained at a sufficiently high temperature to vaporize fuel oil injected into it prior to compression in the cylinder; any mass of metal that performs the same function in such an engine; frequently attributive.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > machines which impart power > engine > internal-combustion engine > [adjective] > type of diesel engine

hot bulb1907

society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > machines which impart power > engine > internal-combustion engine > [noun] > diesel > parts of

hot bulb1907

prechamber1934

1901 U.S. Patent 682,003 2/2 The oil-spray is injected into the red-hot bulb through the nozzle n.]

1907 U.S. Patent 864,818 1/1 The engine belongs to that type..in which the mixture of air and vapor is exploded by bringing it in contact with a hot bulb.

1911 Motor Boat 26 Jan. 66/3 If you are nervous of electric ignition you should choose a hot-bulb ignition engine.

1994 Waterways World May 66/2 While the hot bulb is warming, the fuel oil is pumped up into the day tank.

2003 Stationary Engine Mag. Nov. 29/2 As with certain hot-bulb stationary engines, they required to be on heavy load to keep running.

hot bunk n. originally Navy slang a bunk or bed which is used by different people in turn, esp. as part of a daily shift system; cf. hotbed n. 3.

ΚΠ

1939 K. Edwards We dive at Dawn 20 The ‘hot-bunk principle’..is a graphic phrase describing the submarine habit of rolling into the bunk just vacated by the man who has relieved you.

1945 New Castle (Pa.) News 7 July 13/2 Caddedy said his submarine was so crowded by extra passengers they had to sleep in ‘hot bunks’.

2001 N.Y. Times 8 Mar. b2/4 Some crash pads use what are known as hot bunks, where pilots sleep and then remove the sheets to ready the bed for the next pilot.

hot bunking n. originally Navy slang the system of using hot bunks.

ΚΠ

1945 R. Trumbull Silversides xvii. 143 Burlingame strongly disapproved of ‘hot bunking’—alternate use of the same bunk by men who are on separate watches.

2005 Sevenoaks Chron. (Nexis) 19 May (Features section) 2 One of the more revolting aspects of this leg is hot bunking and getting into a bed that, a few minutes earlier, your buddy has been sweating profusely into.

hot button n. originally and chiefly U.S. (a) a strongly emotive, popular, or controversial concern or issue, usually social or political; frequently attributive, esp. in hot-button issue; (b) a desire, need, or concern that motivates people to choose among consumer goods; (also) a product, idea, or form of advertising that exploits such motivation.

ΚΠ

1966 N.Y. Times 9 Jan. 7 Dr. Martin E. Marty, Lutheran theologian.., acknowledges that the ‘God Is Dead’ theologians have their finger on the ‘hot button’.

1966 N.Y. Times 8 Mar. 18 (advt.) The Guts of Salesmanship explains in detail the anatomy of a sales presentation:..how to find your prospects [sic] hot button.

1984 New Yorker 20 Feb. 42/2 Stereo TV, which Jeff Berkowitz..called ‘one of the real hot buttons in terms of consumer purchasing’.

1985 Times Higher Educ. Suppl. 17 Feb. 10/5 Affirmative action or ‘reverse discrimination’, as the Republicans call it, is a ‘hot-button’ issue.

1993 Globe & Mail Rep. on Business Apr. 52/1 Elliot..gives a speech..that champions his product as one that hits the ‘hot button’ in the diaper industry.

2001 London Rev. Bks. 22 Feb. 29/3 There are piles of tipsheets on the latest gossip: the buzz, the bids..the hot button.

† hot canary n. Obsolete rare a canary having plumage of a brilliant flame colour as a result of being given cayenne pepper in the diet.

ΚΠ

1879 Encycl. Brit. IX. 192/2 Birds which have successfully undergone this forcing process, and hence called ‘hot canaries’, command a very high price, for a large proportion die under the discipline.

hot cathode n. a cathode intended to be heated, so that electrons are emitted thermionically; frequently attributive.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electronics > electronic devices or components > cathode-ray tube > [noun] > cathode intended to be heated

hot cathode1903

1903 J. J. Thomson Conduction Electr. through Gases xiv. 425 The essential feature in the discharge is the hot cathode, as this has to supply the carriers of the greater part of the current in the arc.

1943 Electronic Engin. 16 260/3 The instrument incorporates a hot-cathode, low-voltage, cathode-ray tube.

2001 R. W. Cahn Coming of Materials Sci. x. 405 These low pressures were beyond the range of the McLeod gauge..and it was necessary to use the hot-cathode ionisation gauge.

hot chair n. (a) U.S. slang = electric chair n. at electric adj. and n. Compounds 1b; cf. sense A. 9h; (b) colloquial = hot seat n. 2.

ΚΠ

1927 Flynn's Weekly 1 Jan. 819/1 I never shot nobody... Lotsa times I don't carry a gun. That's one thing I try to dodge—the hot chair.

1989 Courier-Mail (Brisbane) (Nexis) 7 Jan. The formidable NSW National Party leader says it has been a long, hard slog to familiarise himself with the State's hot chair.

1996 San Antonio (Texas) Express-News (Nexis) 23 June t35 A perverted..cross-eyed sicko who would make a good argument for the hot-chair.

hot chamber n. a heated compartment or piece of apparatus, esp. one which forms part of an oven, foundry, etc.

ΚΠ

1806 W. Henry Epitome Chem. (ed. 4) App. i. p. viii Fig. 61. is a longitudinal section of a wind-furnace... b [is] the flue passing into a hot chamber c.

1888 Encycl. Brit. XXIII. 702/2 In large stereotyping foundries, after the flong has been well beaten upon the forme,..it is baked and dried (the forme still underneath) on a long thick iron slab, called a hot chamber, because it is heated from within by steam.

1920 Chambers's Jrnl. Apr. 264/2 An ash-drawer is arranged under the grate with the hot chamber below it.

1997 Adv. Cryogenic Engin. 43 b1609 The helium in this cycle moves between the hot chamber and the regenerator.

hot chisel n. = hot set n.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > cutting tool > chisel > [noun] > for cutting metal

cold chisel1697

set1843

hot chisel1848

sate1883

hot set1888

toe-hardy1909

1848 G. F. Duckett Technol. Mil. Dict. 336/1 Setzeisen, hot-chisel or rod-chisel for cutting iron when heated.

1889 Notes & Queries 23 Feb. 151/1 Cold and hot chisels are used for cutting cold and hot iron (or metal) respectively.

1982 Amer. Ethnologist 9 767 The tip of the picket point is cut with a hot chisel.

hot chocolate n. a drink made by mixing chocolate or cocoa with hot water or milk (and sometimes other ingredients); (now also) a commercially prepared sweetened powder used to make such a drink. The drink, also called simply chocolate (cf. chocolate n. 1), was originally made with a paste of ground cocoa seeds and was typically very thick; it is now usually made with melted chocolate, cocoa powder, or a sweetened cocoa powder product. See also note at cocoa n. 3a.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > drink > cocoa > [noun]

chocolate1604

cacao1625

chocolate cup1687

milk chocolate1723

cocoa tea1747

cocoa1786

hot chocolate1789

hot cocoa1824

shell cocoa1902

drinking chocolate1920

shell shock1935

kye1943

1789 H. L. Piozzi Observ. Journey France II. 297 A large dish of hot chocolate thickened with bread and cream is a common afternoon's regale here.

1819 Hull Packet 12 Oct. They could not continue during the whole service, without a cup of hot chocolate, and a bit of sweetmeat, to refresh them.

1920 Confectioners Jrnl. Sept. 143/1 Don't make hot chocolate too sweet and be sure that the syrup is thoroughly mixed with the water or milk, whatever you use.

1991 G. Burn Alma Cogan (1992) x. 206 There's blow-drier, mini-safe, electric trouser-press, electric kettle, sachets of hot chocolate.

2000 M. Storey et al. 500 Treasured Country Recipes 298/1 Properly speaking, cocoa is made with cocoa powder and hot chocolate is made with melted chocolate.

hot closet n. (a) a small heated chamber (usually part of a stove) used for keeping food, plates, etc., warm or for drying damp articles (now historical); †(b) a chamber in a candle-making machine for heating candle moulds before the wax or tallow is poured in (obsolete).

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > equipment for making other articles > [noun] > candle-making equipment

candle-mould1566

wax-moulda1679

stick1711

hot closet1798

port1839

broach1875

the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > stove or cooker > [noun] > food warmer

Mary's bath1600

Saint Mary's bath1612

water plate1721

hot closet1798

water bath1806

bain-marie1822

hotplate1861

steam table1861

rechaud1906

pap-warmer1920

warming oven1950

veilleuse1955

warming drawer1972

the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > stove or cooker > [noun] > plate-warmer

plate warmer1721

hot closet1798

hot cupboard1820

hotplate1925

1798 in C. R. Lounsbury Illustr. Gloss. Early Southern Archit. & Landscape (1994) 183 Dry^g or Hot Closet.

1802 Count Rumford Ess., Polit., Econ., & Philos. (new ed.) III. 128 The meat..may either be taken out of the Roaster and put into a hot closet,..or it may remain in the Roaster until it is wanted.

a1817 J. Austen Northanger Abbey (1818) II. viii. 148 The ancient kitchen..rich in the massy walls and smoke of former days, and in the stoves and hot closets of the present.

1855 E. Ronalds & T. Richardson Knapp's Chem. Technol. (ed. 2) I. 454 After leaving the hot closet, the moulds are filled by..cocks or outlets from the cistern.

1933 Times 4 Oct. 14/6 (advt.) A hot closet for plate warming can also be supplied.

2001 Independent (Nexis) 14 Apr. 17 The salads and the savouries were now prepared, and the tableware heated in the hot-closet ready for service.

hot cocoa n. now chiefly North American a chocolate drink made from ground cocoa beans or cocoa powder; = cocoa n. 3a; (now also) a commercially prepared sweetened powder used to make such a drink; cf. hot chocolate n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > drink > cocoa > [noun]

chocolate1604

cacao1625

chocolate cup1687

milk chocolate1723

cocoa tea1747

cocoa1786

hot chocolate1789

hot cocoa1824

shell cocoa1902

drinking chocolate1920

shell shock1935

kye1943

1824 Morning Chron. 1 Sept. A man of war's man..has a pint of hot cocoa, a pint of grog (made of a gill of rum), and at least a pint of good tea daily.

1919 Druggists Circular Jan. 43 Eighty-five persons out of each hundred are absolutely ignorant of the delectable sapidity of hot cocoa!

1972 N.Y. Amsterdam News 6 May a8/2 For a beverage,..try Carnation Instant Hot Cocoa Mix for a hot drink they can stir by themselves.

1999 Mountain Democrat (Placerville, Calif.) 13 Oct. a5/2 The creature, which they assume was a bear, had eaten their supply of freeze dried lasagna; power bars; soup; powdered hot cocoa, Tang and Gatorade; [etc.].

2003 L. Scott Sober Kitchen 21 Hot chocolate, unlike hot cocoa, is generally made with solid chocolate, while the latter makes use of unsweetened cocoa powder.

hot comb n. a heated comb, esp. one used to straighten curly hair.

ΚΠ

1919 L. Lloyd Lice vi. 74 Head-lice..are irritated by heat..and the hot comb approaching makes them become active.

1923 Mexia (Texas) Daily News 15 Nov. 2/7 Absolutely straightens stubborn hair without hot combs.

2002 C. Williams Sugar & Slate 68 I could still feel the faint sting from the hot comb burns high on my forehead.

hot composting n. the production of compost via rapid aerobic decomposition, in which a high temperature (and hence a relatively hygienic product) is achieved.

ΚΠ

1933 J. F. Styer Mod. Mushroom Culture v. 32 The various effects of the hot composting are completed in every particle of the compost.

1990 Guardian (Nexis) 27 July Like a sort of airless and flameless combustion, a hot-composting process could run continuously, ‘burning’ the national stream of rubbish hygienically.

2011 S. Davies Composting Inside & Out v. 72 There is a lot of buzz around the topic of hot composting.

hot coppers n. (see copper n.¹ 8).

hot corner n. (a) Hunting an area where there is a great deal of game, esp. game that has been farmed or raised to be hunted; (b) Baseball third base (apparently with reference to fielding hard shots from right-handed batters; cf. senses A. 9b, A. 9d).

ΚΠ

1870 Fraser's Mag. Apr. 529/2 I detest battues and hot corners, and slaughter for slaughter's sake.

1889 R. Mulford in J. McBride High & Inside (1980) 58 The Brooklyns had Old Hicks on the hot corner all afternoon and it's a miracle he wasn't murdered.

1992 St. Petersburg (Florida) Times (Nexis) 7 Oct. 1 a The hot corner of this hunt was where Batten's field abutted the state forest and the back lawn of a Holiday Inn. Every few minutes birds appeared overhead.

2004 N.Y. Mag. 3 May 46/1 The Mets' current third baseman..will be superfluous with the development of top hot-corner prospect David Wright.

hot cupboard n. (a) a heated cupboard (usually part of a stove) for warming plates, dishes, etc.; cf. hot closet n. (a); (b) an airing cupboard; also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > stove or cooker > [noun] > plate-warmer

plate warmer1721

hot closet1798

hot cupboard1820

hotplate1925

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing clothes and textile articles > [noun] > airing cupboard

hot cupboard1820

airing cupboard1883

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > cupboard or cabinet > [noun] > airing

hot cupboard1820

airing cupboard1883

hot press1962

1820 Times 3 Jan. 4/5 (advt.) A capital kitchen-range, with hot cupboard and steam apparatus.

1877 W. Gilbert Them Boots iv. 86 They all expressed their gratitude to the man who had invented hot cupboards, wherein the linen could be comfortably dried without being hung out on lines.

1931 S. Beckett Proust 51 The Cartesian hotcupboard of the Guermantes library.

1959 Observer 12 Apr. 14/5 The bathroom..is assumed to be on first-floor level, adjoining a bedroom with access to water-heater hot-cupboard from the passage.

1997 Publican 27 Jan. 36/4 (advt.) Commercial catering auction... Gas & electric fryers, portable bain maries & hot cupboards.

† hot curving machine n. Engineering Obsolete a device for bending hot-rolled rails.

ΚΠ

1880 Engineering 29 372/2 Nearly every steel rail mill in the United States has the Gustin or some other good hot curving machine.

hot dark matter n. Astronomy dark matter consisting of non-baryonic particles whose motion soon after the big bang was very energetic.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the universe > diffused matter > [noun] > dark matter > types of

cold dark matter1984

hot dark matter1984

1984 J. R. Primack & G. R. Blumenthal in NATO ASI Ser. C 117 166 We will consider here the physical and astrophysical implications of three classes of elementary particle DM [= Dark Matter] candidates, which we will call hot, warm, and cold. (We are grateful to Dick Bond for proposing this apt terminology.) Hot DM refers to particles, such as neutrinos, which were still in thermal equilibrium after the most recent phase transition in hot early universe.]

1984 Science 1 June 973/1 For cosmological purposes such particles are known as ‘cold’ dark matter, as opposed to ‘hot’ dark matter composed of massive neutrinos.

2002 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) A. 360 1279 Early cosmological simulations showed that the galaxy distribution in a universe dominated by hot dark matter would not resemble that observed in our Universe.

hot date n. colloquial (originally U.S.) a date with someone, offering prospects of a sexual encounter or a romantic relationship; (also) a person with whom one has (or may have) such a date.

ΚΠ

1925 Sheboygan (Wisconsin) Press 1 Sept. Another definition of a cynic is a man who, on the morning of a hot date, gets a cracked lip.

1928 Olean (N.Y.) Evening Times 21 Sept. 7/3 She picks up the art of pecking and immediately becomes broadcasted from one fellow to the other and is known as a hot date.

1999 T. Parsons Man & Boy (2000) xxv. 210 Someone..whose idea of a hot date is some awful nightclub and half a tab of something pretending to be Ecstasy?

2006 Daily Mail (Nexis) 12 Aug. 48 The candles are lit, the music's on low,..and on the other side of the flickering flame sits my hot date for the night.

hot flue n. (a) a pipe for hot water or steam; (b) a heated chamber for drying fabrics.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > other specific types of equipment > [noun] > industrial drying equipment

hot flue1805

hydro-extractor1851

whizzer188.

the world > matter > liquid > dryness > [noun] > making dry > drying by specific method > chamber or building

hothouse1555

hot flue1805

1805 Times 20 July 3/3 (advt.) A productive garden of about 2 acres, a greenhouse, with hot flues, fish-ponds, [etc.]

1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 227 The calico being padded in it, is to be dried in the hot-flue.

1918 W. V. Cruess Home & Farm Food Preserv. (1919) xii. 109 Heat is supplied at the bottom from hot flues or from steam pipes.

1998 Textile Horizons Sept. 8/1 Equipment includes..a continuous dyeing range, complete with padder, infra red pre-dyer, Thermex hotflue and washing machine.

hot foil adj. and n. Printing (a) adj. designating printing machines and processes in which a thin layer of material (typically metal or plastic) is transferred to a surface by being stamped or pressed on to it using a heated die; (b) n. a thin layer of material used to produce an image, hologram, etc., in hot foil printing.

ΚΠ

1957 Times 30 Oct. 6/5 Hot foil printing operation on Ronson's latest polythene Presentation Razor Case.

1989 Technovation 9 510 The rapidly expanding market of dry transfer foils, or hot foils as they are now known, would be a product suitable to accept the embossed hologram surface relief profile.

1995 Leonardo 28 277 We also shoot photoresist masters for embossed holograms on stickers or hot foil.

2004 Independent (Nexis) 2 Apr. (News section) 19 A basement room floor was covered in drying forged bank notes, officers said. In a study were computers, paper, hot foil used in printing, and a hot foil machine.

hot fusion n. Physics nuclear fusion occurring at very high temperatures, esp. as a controlled process viewed as a potential source of energy; cf. cold fusion n. at cold adj. Additions.

ΚΠ

1977 Nature 14 Oct. 584/1 (title) Muon catalysis of hot fusion.

1987 Progr. Particle & Nucl. Physics 19 231 The first stage was associated with the use of hot-fusion reactions in which the nuclei of uranium or transuranium elements were bombarded with the heavy ions of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen or neon.

2005 Pop. Mech. (Nexis) 1 Oct. 80 When cold fusion didn't pan out, people quickly dismissed dreams of unlimited energy. But research on ‘hot’ fusion—the kind that fuels the sun—has kept right on going.

hot hatchback n. colloquial (originally and chiefly British) = hot hatch n.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > powered vehicle > motor car > [noun] > with upward-opening rear door

hatchback1970

hatch1975

hot hatchback1983

hot hatch1984

1983 Financial Times iv. (FT Motor Industry Survey) 6 A 130 mph GTi version which should cement VW's position at the top of the ‘hot’ hatchback league.

2003 Press & Jrnl. (Aberdeen) (Nexis) 21 May 2 Not all drivers want a city car that behaves like a hot hatchback, however, so Daihatsu has favoured a cross between a wedge and a cube for space efficiency.

hot-hoof adv. (and adj.) (chiefly with reference to hoofed animals) with great speed or haste (cf. hotfoot adv.); also as adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > horse defined by speed or gait > [adverb] > swiftly

hot-hoof1897

1897 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Dec. 722 To take..a hundred head of bestial hot-hoof over hill and moor.

1934 J. L. Garvin Life Joseph Chamberlain III. li. 89 He had sent a special courier from Mafeking hot-hoof on Jameson's track.

1999 Leicester Mercury (Nexis) 14 Dec. 8 Festive fund-raiser Rudolph continues his hot-hoof tour of the city this week.

hot-iron test n. Cheese-making (now historical) a test to determine the acidity of cheese curd, in which a piece of dry curd is melted on a hot iron bar and then slowly removed, and the length the strands of melted curd reach before breaking is estimated, longer strands correlating to higher acidity.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation of dairy produce > [noun] > formation of cheese > processes in cheese-making

hoving1741

earning1744

rendling1784

hot-iron test1876

renneting1889

cheddaring1929

1876 Janesville (Wisconsin) Gaz. 18 Jan. A vat of curd exactly answering the requirements of the hot-iron test, when cooled in a moderate manner would make a perfect cheese.

1889 Jrnl. Brit. Dairy Farmers' Assoc. 5 ii. 70 I depend entirely on the hot iron test at this stage [of cheese-making].

1889 Jrnl. Brit. Dairy Farmers' Assoc. 5 ii. 70 To determine when the curd is ready for salting the hot iron test is again resorted to.

1955 J. G. Davis Dict. Dairying (ed. 2) 209 Hot iron test. This test is held in great esteem by some cheesemakers, but is very crudely carried out.

1998 R. Scott et al. Cheesemaking Pract. (ed. 3) vii. 85 The hot iron test was a very early measure of the effect of the pH on the functional properties of the curd proteins.

hot Jupiter n. Astronomy any of a class of low-density extrasolar planets which have a mass similar to or greater than that of Jupiter but which orbit very close to the parent star.

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1996 Science 26 July 429/2 Within the group of less massive companions in circular orbits, astronomers have been surprised to find a completely new class of planets, which they dubbed ‘hot Jupiters’.

2001 New Scientist 1 Dec. 16/1 The giant planet is a ‘hot Jupiter’ or ‘roaster’, only 7.5 million kilometres from its sun.

2007 Nature 22 Feb. p. ix Using the Spitzer Space Telescope, an infrared spectrum has been obtained for the transiting ‘hot Jupiter’ HD 209458b.

hot lake n. a lake of naturally hot water, typically heated by subterranean volcanic activity (cf. hot spring n.).

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1599 tr. F. Vasquez de Coronado in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (new ed.) II. 378 The kingdome of Totonteac..the Indians say is an hotte lake, about which are fiue or six houses.

1792 Analyt. Rev. Apr. 384 In a plain between Seminara and Le Pietre Negre, there appeared an hot lake throwing up its waters into the air.

1858 A. B. Northcote & A. H. Church Man. Qualitative Chem. Anal. vii. 326 The hot lakes or boracic lagoons of Tuscany, into the waters of which the vapours are conveyed which rise from the volcanic bottom.

1902 Settler's Handbk. N.Z. 38 [Rotorua] is the chief township in the hot-lakes district.

2000 Daily Tel. (Sydney) (Nexis) 22 July 26 [She] covered herself in black volcanic mud and wallowed in a hot lake alongside other tourists.

hot-looking adj. that looks hot; spec. (of a person, esp. a woman) passionate, lustful; sexually attractive; cf. senses A. 8c, A. 12i.

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1835 R. F. Williams Mephistophiles in Eng. I. i. iv. 79 Yonder hot-looking gentleman.

1936 ‘J. Curtis’ Gilt Kid v. 50 She wasn't quite so hot-looking as Maisie... That judy certainly had passion.

1959 Tamarack Rev. xii. 23 How could a hot-looking girl turn out so cold?

1977 Time 28 Feb. 2/2 [A] way I can get away with kissing my..boy friend's older brother (not to mention his hot-looking cousin).

1995 New Yorker 8 May 7/1 The 1995 Women & Weaponry Calendar, which features hot-looking babes wearing bandoliers as halter tops.

Hot Lips n. (also with lower-case initials) slang (a) (a nickname for) an energetic or exciting jazz trumpeter (cf. sense A. 12h); (b) (frequently humorous) the lips of a person who kisses passionately; (a nickname for) an attractive or sexy person; one who is or is believed to be a passionate kisser.

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1922 H. Busse et al. Hot Lips: Blues Fox Trot (song) 1 They all call him ‘Hot Lips’ for He blows red-hot.

1923 Chicago Tribune 31 July 13/2 The love interest wins your sympathy. Of course, there's none of this ‘hot lips’ stuff throughout the picture.

1929 Chicago Defender 12 Oct. 6/3 The boys are..Reuben Lynch, Charles Washington,..and Oran (Hot Lips) Page.

1938 D. Nichols & H. Wilde in G. Mast Bringing up Baby (1988) (Script Variations) 230 Do you mind if I say goodbye to hot-lips before I go?

1941 Washington Post 25 May i. 5/4 Dr. Henry ‘Hot Lips’ Levine and his agitated eight promise ‘The Kerry Dance’.

1968 ‘R. Hooker’ MASH x. 124 Stop these beasts..from addressing me as Hot-Lips.

2007 Sunday Times (S. Afr.) (Nexis) 15 July (Human Interest section) 8 Old hot lips has revealed that his favourite pastime is ‘kissing, kissing and more kissing’.

hot-making adj. British colloquial embarrassing.

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the mind > emotion > humility > feeling of shame > [adjective] > embarrassed > embarrassing

abashing1530

embarrassing1778

hot-making1931

cringy1967

cringe-making1969

cringe-inducing1972

toe-curling1976

cringeworthy1977

cringe2001

1931 Sunday Times 22 Feb. 4/1 This, to use the current phrase, hot-making play.

1958 B. Nichols Sweet & Twenties i. 34 How was it that Queen Marie delivered such hot-making effusions?

2002 Daily Tel. (Nexis) 28 Dec. 1 As for Johnnie, he gets tense and shy, and says that he finds ‘this whole thing’—being interviewed—‘hot-making’.

hot melt n. and adj. Manufacturing Technology (a) n. a hot and molten form of a substance which is usually solid at room temperature; (in later use also) an adhesive, coating, etc., which is applied in a heated molten state and which sets as it cools; (b) adj. solid at normal temperatures but capable of being melted for application, e.g. as a coating.

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the world > matter > liquid > making or becoming liquid > action or process of melting > [adjective] > able to be melted > for application

hot melt1909

1909 U.S. Patent 915,633 1/1 The lower portion of the drum dips into a hot melt of (impure) sodium sulfid.

1935 U.S. Patent 1,986,961 2/1 The adhesive may be any of the known types commonly used in making laminated paper, such as the so-called cements, hot melt adhesive or the glue type of adhesive.

1965 Times 30 Apr. 7/3 The use of hot melts has been held up because of the lack of suitable machinery.

1969 New Scientist 19 June 641/3 The process is based on the use of papers precoated during production with a very thin film of ‘hot-melt’ plastic resin.

1997 Bryologist 100 381/2 Polyvinyl acetate is well known for its strong adhesion to glass.., but this is only true for ‘hot melts’ (i.e. used as a thermoplastic), not in solvent applications.

1998 Jrnl. Amer. Inst. Conservation 37 41/1 Hot-melt preparations such as gelatine..should be avoided for direct use on glass.

hot-mettled adj. of a passionate, impetuous, or fiery temperament.

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1648 in J. Raymond Making News (1993) viii. 364 If his nose be not put out of joynt by Some hot-metalled Laird, or nine peny Scotchman.

1698 J. Fryer New Acct. E.-India & Persia 34 Their Horses..are small and hot-mettled.

a1872 E. Atherstone Pelopidas i. i, in Dramatic Wks. (1888) 21 Aye—aye—my hot mettled lad! my old thimble may outlast thy young head yet.

1976 Brownsville (Texas) Herald 25 Feb. a14/4 Against the advice of older soldiers, two hot-mettled captains..won permission to lead an assault on the bridge.

hot money n. Finance = refugee capital n. at refugee n. Compounds 2.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > financial dealings > types of money-dealing > [noun] > provision of capital > capital or principal > types of

stock1598

artificial capital1772

circulating capital1776

natural capital1785

money capital1791

working capital1798

reserve1819

authorized capital1825

current asset1826

loan capital1848

capital asset1851

water1867

capital equipment1893

refugee capital1926

risk capital1927

hot money1936

venture capital1943

risk money1944

exposure1975

1936 P. J. O'Brien Forward with Roosevelt xi. 191 The movements of ‘refugee capital’, or as President Roosevelt and other financiers..described it, ‘hot money’, was an important consideration in the question of currency stabilization.

1971 Daily Tel. 3 Feb. 15 The huge volume of ‘hot money’ coming from abroad to chase high interest rates in Britain.

2002 Foreign Policy Jan. 97/2 The Czech Republic's financial crisis of 1997 is a clear case, as efforts to stabilize the exchange rate attracted inflows of ‘hot money’ that undermined macroeconomic and financial discipline.

hot-mouthed adj. (a) restive or ungovernable, like a horse whose mouth is irritated by the bit (obsolete); (b) colloquial characterized by angry or abusive speech; foul-mouthed.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > lack of subjection > [adjective] > intractable or recalcitrant

unbuxoma1250

unbowsomec1290

sturdy13..

wildc1350

stubbornc1386

unbaina1400

stoutc1410

kimeta1450

staffish?a1513

untractable1538

intractable1545

sullen1577

restiff1578

indocile1603

resty1603

hot-mouthed1609

immorigerous1623

intractive1623

uncompliable1626

restivea1628

non-complying1649

uncompliant1659

incompliant1706

unobliging1707

recalcitrant1797

unbiddable1825

stocky1836

recalcitrary1861

calcitrant1866

non-cooperative1867

recalcitrating1870

ropeable1870

non-cooperating1895

bolshie1918

1609 Bp. W. Barlow Answer Catholike English-man 116 The blinde zeale and rash Censures of some hot-mouthed Ministers in that Country.

1681 J. Dryden Spanish Fryar iii. iii. 39 That hot mouth'd Beast that bears against the Curb.

1776 Entick's New Spelling Dict. (rev. ed.) Hotmouthed, headstrong, ungovernable.

1889 Atlantic Monthly Sept. 339/1 The..man..tore it into strips, stamped it under foot, and filled the cool, still morning air with hot-mouthed curses.

1988 San Diego Union-Tribune (Nexis) 25 Feb. f5 Mulkey is especially good as Billy, a provincial slob who talks a big game of lust until he is verbally accosted by a bold, hot-mouthed mama.

hot pint n. chiefly Scottish (now historical) a drink consisting of hot spiced ale, typically also sweetened and strengthened with spirits; cf. hotpot n. 1.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > ale or beer > ale > [noun] > drinks made with ale

lambswool1593

cock ale1631

rambooze1656

white ale1701

powsowdie1706

hot pint1739

1739 Proc. Sessions of Peace 1738–9 (City of London & County of Middlesex) No. 4. 75/1 About Ten or Eleven o'Clock, I called for some Liquor; and Ann Bryan..brought up a hot Pint.

1795 J. Sinclair Statist. Acct. Scotl. XV. 44 They may..have it in their power to buy a hot pint, and partake in the general festivity.

1863 R. Chambers Bk. of Days I. 28/2 On the approach of twelve o'clock, a hot pint was prepared—that is, a kettle or flagon full of warm, spiced, and sweetened ale, with an infusion of spirits.

1997 Herald (Glasgow) (Nexis) 27 Dec. 22 Hot pint usually consisted of a mixture of spiced and sweetened ale with an infusion of whisky.

hot piss n. [after Middle French, French chaude-pisse chaudpisse n.] a urinary or venereal disease; = chaudpisse n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > urinary disorders > [noun] > difficulty in urination

dysury1398

chaudpissea1400

strangurya1400

droppell-piss1527

strangullion1530

strangurion1547

suppression1564

drop-piss1578

hot piss1578

pain-piss1614

ischuria1675

paruria1822

1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball iii. lxvii. 408 Good against the strangurie, the hoate pisse [Fr. chaudepisse; Du. couwpisse], the stone in the bladder.

1737 H. Bracken Farriery Improved xxx. 443 They cannot mean any Thing else by such Term than that such Horse is clap'd, or has got the Chaude-piss or hot Piss.

1984 D. A. Schulz Human Sexuality xv. 351 Commonly known as ‘the clap’ or ‘hot piss’, the word gonorrhea derives from the Greek word.

hot pool n. a body of (naturally) hot water, typically heated by subterranean volcanic activity.

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1792 Med. Commentaries for 1791 Decade 2nd 6 ii. i. 240 Closely adjoining to this hot pool, several cold springs rise, from a bed of pumice.

1851 W. Burke Mineral Springs of Virginia xvii. 239 The hot pool, or boiler, as it is usually termed, (106° Fahrenheit,) is the most easterly in the range.

1962 Listener 11 Jan. 57 The whole thermal area of the North Island [of New Zealand], with its hot pools and geysers and blowholes.

2008 Sunday Times (Nexis) 17 Feb. (Travel section) 26 The bathhouse has steam chambers, hot pools and a vigorous masseur.

hot pursuit n. close and intense pursuit; (sometimes) spec. continued (and thus legally permissible) pursuit of a suspect, etc., across an international or other jurisdictional border.

ΚΠ

?1578 W. Patten Let. Entertainm. Killingwoorth 21 The Deer after hiz property for refuge took the soyl: but so masterd by hot pursuit on all parts that he waz taken quik in the pool.

1840 M. Paine Med. & Physiol. Comm. I. iii. 467 They obtrude upon the enemy's ground. This can only be excused on the principle of ‘hot pursuit’.

1870 W. C. Bryant tr. Homer Iliad II. xv. 107 The foe poured after them In hot pursuit.

1906 F. T. Piggott Nationality II. 40 The principle of hot pursuit applies as well to breaches of the law in force in the territorial waters as to offences committed in the harbour or in the waters of the dominion.

1919 Amer. Jrnl. Internat. Law 13 569 There is ample precedent for the practice of ‘hot pursuit’ in our past relations with Mexico.

1991 N.Y. Times Mag. 15 Sept. i. 86/2 The Schengen agreement..permits police to engage in limited ‘hot pursuit’ across borders.

2004 Sci. Amer. (U.K. ed.) May 83/2 A sea eagle circling overhead with a fish in its beak, with another eagle in hot pursuit.

† hot-reined adj. Obsolete eager, keen; fiery, impetuous.

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the mind > emotion > excitement > excitability of temperament > impetuosity > [adjective]

brothc1175

impetuous1398

headya1425

brainish1530

hot-brained1556

hot-headed1603

flashy1632

hot-reined1635

scapperboiling1673

warm1749

étourdi1750

torrentuous1840

impulsive1847

unpoised1872

torrential1877

Latin1914

1635 J. Shirley Lady of Pleasure iv. sig. G2 Your hot reind Monsieur weares it for a shade.

1639 P. Massinger Unnaturall Combat iv. ii. sig. H4^v Like a hot rein'd horse.

1680 Love Lost in Dark Epil., in Muse New-market 38 Hoping the hot-rein'd ravenous Foe to move.

hot sate n. = hot set n.

ΚΠ

1906 T. Moore Handbk. Pract. Smithing & Forging ii. 17 The hot sate..is made in much the same way as the cold sate.

1942 W. H. Atherton Workshop Pract. (ed. 2) V. 198 Making two small holes..by slitting with the hot sate and opening out slightly..will widen the hole sufficiently to take a drift of the size required.

1974 P. Blandford Country Craft Tools xii. 172 Hot metal was cut in two ways. A ‘hot chisel’ or ‘hot sate’ (‘sett’) could be hit into it.

hot sauce n. any of various piquant sauces made with chilli peppers and used as a condiment or ingredient.

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the world > food and drink > food > additive > sauce or dressing > [noun] > pepper sauces

peveradea1425

pepper sauce1648

Tabasco1652

picante1693

poivrade1699

chilli sauce1846

nam prik1857

hot sauce1874

peri-peri1964

harissa1973

1874 Agric. Gaz. 18 Apr. 488/3 Flavour with hot sauce to suit the taste.

1950 West Coast Sentinel (S. Austral.) 15 Nov. 3/2 The winners [of a tennis tournament] received a bottle of ‘hot sauce’ and a bottle of ‘tomato sauce’ respectively.

2006 W. Jones Smothered Southern Foods i. 34 These vegetarian croquettes contain plenty of deep south flavor, especially when they are served with hot sauce.

hot saw n. Engineering a power saw for cutting hot metal, such as rails and bars still hot from rolling.

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1873 Lippincott's Monthly Mag. Jan. 17/2 (caption) Hot saw.

1934 F. W. Partington Mech. Technol. (ed. 2) xxxviii. 566 A very handy and almost indispensable tool for the smith's shop is the hot saw.

1989 Jrnl. Operational Res. Soc. 40 366 The system..provides the hot-saw operator with information to adapt cutting for the substitute ingots.

hot seller n. a product, etc., that sells well or is extremely popular; cf. seller n.¹ 3.

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1894 Washington Post 7 May 7/7 A full set, which costs on its face a little over $16, is a hot seller at $25.

1970 Times 27 Jan. 7/2 After..a line looks like being a hot seller.

2002 Philadelphia Inquirer 22 Dec. e5/3 While children's financial books are generally not hot sellers, they do have a following.

hot-selling adj. (of a product, etc.) that sells well; extremely popular.

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1948 New Republic 13 Sept. 16/2 The hot-selling-car manufacturers are riding along with the same old models.

2002 N.Y. Times 18 Aug. iv. 4/1 Niche marketing has been the hot selling concept for at least a decade, so why not apply it to airlines?

hot set n. (in metalworking) a chisel used for cutting iron or other metal while hot from the forge, often having a long handle perpendicular to the head by which it is held while struck, and typically made of less hard metal than a cold chisel.

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society > occupation and work > equipment > cutting tool > chisel > [noun] > for cutting metal

cold chisel1697

set1843

hot chisel1848

sate1883

hot set1888

toe-hardy1909

1888 Lockwood's Dict. Mech. Engin. 183 Hot set, a smith's set,..used for the nicking and cutting of hot metal.

1894 G. Hughes Constr. Mod. Locomotive iii. ii. 155 Upon each side of the vertical an angle of 45° is marked, that is, nicked cold and afterwards heated and removed by a hot set.

1968 J. Arnold Shell Bk. Country Crafts 143 A ‘hot-sett’, comparatively slender, for the white-hot bar.

1988 D. Rees GCSE CDT—Design & Realisation xvi. 153 It is called a cold chisel because it cuts metal that is cold, and to distinguish it from a blacksmith's hot set chisel.

hot-sheet n. slang (originally and chiefly U.S.) (a) Police slang a list of stolen items (cf. hot list n. 3); (also) a list of people wanted by the police; (b) attributive designating or relating to a hotel which rents out rooms for short periods, and is often used for prostitution, meetings between lovers, etc.; cf. hot-bed hotel at hotbed n. 3.

ΚΠ

1932 Los Angeles Times 3 Mar. ii. 12/1 The automobile was on the police ‘hot sheet’ and bore license plates..that had been taken from a machine in San Diego.

1952 J. Lait & L. Mortimer U.S.A. Confidential i. iv. 42 There are motels that do not go in for the hot sheet trade, but most do... If you drive up with a cutie and no baggage you are welcome—if you get out in an hour or two.

1968 C. Gentry Last Days Great State Calif. 189 There were some people who not only had never in their lives been to a hot-sheet motel but were horrified by the mere idea of such places.

1974 R. L. Hill Nails xii. 129 They had both been behind pipes in the States for stuff like assault, but they were not on the hotsheet lately.

2005 D. McWilliams Pope's Children iv. 46 A highly profitable ‘hot sheet’ hotel, a glorified knocking shop where rooms rent by the hour.

hot shift n. Engineering (originally U.S.) a mechanism enabling a change of gear to be made while a vehicle is moving without interrupting the drive to the wheels.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > parts of machines > wheel > [noun] > cog or gear > which allows change of speed or direction > parts of

reversing lever1822

reverse lever1839

change-speed1881

reverse1882

Johnson bar1884

gate1906

synchromesh1929

hot shift1971

preselector1979

1971 Power Farming Mar. 15/4 The tractor of the late seventies would be similar in layout to present-day models... The main differences would be in driver comfort,..greater use of hot-shift transmission and quick-attach systems for implements.

2003 Chron.-Telegram (Elyria, Ohio) 20 Feb. e5/4 (advt.) 2003 Kodiak C4500... Hot Shift PTO, Air Conditioning.

hot shoe n. (a) U.S. slang a (skilled) racing-car driver; (b) Photography a socket on a camera incorporating electrical contacts for a separate flash unit attached to the camera.

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society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > camera > parts and accessories of camera > [noun] > sockets for accessories

accessory shoe1949

shoe1953

hot shoe1955

1955 Los Angeles Times 18 Dec. vi. 1/1 Orange County's newest speed sport involves piloting a pint-size mechanical tornado..around a pint-size dirt track in competition with a host of ‘hot-shoe drivers’, all bent on winning.

1962 G. Olson Roaring Road 30 Wait'll the hot shoes get a look at the car.

1971 Amateur Photographer 13 Jan. 57/1 (advt.) Center flash contact (hot shoe).

1972 L. Gaunt Praktica Way 118 Their single flash contact is in the accessory shoe and is designed for use with flashguns with a contact in the foot (the so-called ‘hot-shoe’ contact).

2002 Digital Photogr. made Easy No. 12. 84/4 Very few digicams seem to have a hot shoe and the built-in flash looks fairly limited in its ability to illuminate at a distance.

2006 Herald-Times (Bloomington, Indiana) 19 May b1/2 All the hotshoes..have been racking up those 226-mph-plus laps.

† hot-skull n. Obsolete = hothead n.

ΚΠ

1835 E. Bulwer-Lytton Rienzi I. ii. i. 198 I have many of my house, scrupulous as yon hot-skull, to win over.

1843 C. Whitehead Earl of Essex II. xii. 226 What does my hot-skull do, but claps his spurs to his horse's sides, and..rushes upon Southampton.

hot smoking n. Cookery a method of preparing meat or seafood in which the food is smoked at high temperatures (between 50°C and 80°C), so that it is both cooked and flavoured.

ΚΠ

1914 Racine (Wisconsin) Jrnl.-News 29 Jan. 12/2 Unless ‘hot smoking’ has been used in the preparation of the meats, live worms may remain to set up trichinosis when the smoked meat is eaten in an uncooked condition.

1955 F. G. Ashbrook Butchering xii. 240 In hot-smoking, the fish are hung near the fire.

2002 K. Adler & J. M. Fertig Fish & Shellfish 183 With the hot smoking process, the fish is cooked, not preserved.

hot spring n. a spring of naturally hot water, typically heated by subterranean volcanic activity.

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the world > the earth > water > spring > [noun] > hot

hot wella1387

hot spring1572

geyser1780

ngawha1843

jetter1870

1572 H. Hawks in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (1600) III. 464 They have in divers places of the countrey many hote springs of water.

1651 N. Bacon Contin. Hist. Disc. Govt. xl. 300 Yet like a dead calm in a hot spring, treasured up in store sad distempers against a back Winter.

1780 tr. U. von Troil Lett. on Iceland (ed. 2) 256 The hot springs in Iceland, several of which bear the name of geyser.

1898 Argosy May 268 Great columns of steam from the hot springs began to show strongly in the fast cooling air.

1931 H. S. Williams Bk. Marvels 72 This hot spring..owes its name to the beautifully tinted incrustation about its borders from deposit of mineral brought up dissolved in the crystal-clear hot water.

2005 J. Diamond Collapse (2006) vi. 197 Iceland's hot springs and geothermal areas are so numerous that much of the country..heats its houses not by burning fossil fuels but just by tapping volcanic heat.

hot squat n. U.S. slang an electric chair; = hot chair n. (a).

ΚΠ

1928 J. P. McEvoy Show Girl xii. 180 I ought to get something for that don't you think? The chair maybe—better known as the hot squat.

1997 N. DeMille Plum Island xx. 297 If he really did it, I'd do my best to see him get the hot squat, or whatever this state decides to use when they dispatch the first condemned murderer.

hot stage n. Microscopy a temperature-controlled stage or chamber fitted to a microscope.

ΚΠ

1874 Lancet 11 Apr. 529/1 A very ingenious form of hot stage, both portable and simple, was exhibited by Dr. Carmichael.

1946 F. Schneider Qualitative Org. Microanalysis iv. 90 Some of these hot stages are comparatively simple and can be constructed by the analyst himself.

2007 Polymer 48 5136/1 The effect of the recovery temperature on the shape recovery of the specimens was investigated on a Nikon Microscope equipped with a hot stage.

hot stopping n. [apparently < hot adj. + stopping n., although the meaning of the second element in this compound is unclear] slang (now rare) a hot mixture of spirits and water.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > distilled drink > [noun] > spirits and water > hot

toddy1741

tod1797

warm with1838

hot stopping1840

hot with1840

1840 Northern Star & Leeds Gen. Advertiser 8 Feb. 7/1 We, down at Wapping, Are drinking hot-stopping.

1843 R. S. Surtees Handley Cross II. viii. 224 No fire—no singing kettle, for hot stopping, as was wont, and the elder-wine bottle remained in the cupboard.

1861 G. J. Whyte-Melville Market Harborough (ed. 12) ii. 13 No man can..drink hot-stopping the last thing at night, and get up in the morning without remembering that he has done so.

1910 W. B. Forbes 'Hounds, Gentlemen Please!' 355 My visitor had evidently mixed himself some fairly strong ‘hot stopping’.

hot stove n. (also with capital initials) [with reference to discussion taking place around a hot stove in a store, bar, etc., during the winter] North American colloquial (attributive) designating discussion of a particular sport between periods of play or in an off-season (frequently in hot-stove league); designating a person who discusses sport in this way; also in extended use.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > sport > supporting > [adjective] > discussion

hot stove1908

1908 Sporting Life (Philadelphia) 19 Sept. 3/2 This situation..will give the ‘fans’ something to talk about when the Hot Stove League opens its season.

1919 N.Y. Tribune 21 Jan. 8/4 When the literary hot stove league gathers and fans about the war's best poem.

1952 Time 18 Feb. 55 Hot stove leaguer, in the U.S., anyone who likes to talk at length..about recent developments in his favorite sport—which is usually baseball.

1962 Hockey Canada Nov. 12/2 Things we have missed may be mulled over in Hot Stove sessions which are as old and as popular as the sport of hockey itself.

1994 Sports Illustr. 25 Apr. 30/1 It's fun to have a hot stove league in the NFL.

hot streak n. originally and chiefly U.S. Sport a period of exceptional performance or luck.

ΚΠ

1930 Moberly (Missouri) Monitor-Index 29 Jan. 6/1 The Trenton team got a hot streak in the last minutes of play and tossed several long shots through the ring for a 16-12 windup in their favor.

1966 Times 28 June 6/2 Serving four double faults in the first set,..he none the less hit a hot streak in the middle of the match that would test anyone left in the field if he can reproduce it.

2003 M. Droney Mix Masters xiii. 13 His latest hot streak places him once again at the top of the charts with mixes for back-to-back number ones.

hot strip mill n. Manufacturing Technology a rolling mill used in steel production in which steel slabs are heated in a furnace and rolled into thin strips.

ΚΠ

1922 New Castle (Pennsylvania) News 12 Apr. 24/2 The West Leechburg Steel company..recently purchased a new hot strip mill for its plant at Leechburg.

1946 Econ. Jrnl. 56 493 The main addition to capacity, however, is a new hot strip mill, with additional pig iron and ingot capacity to match.

1995 R. Protheroe-Jones Welsh Steel 39 The hot strip mill was a continuous mill which was enormously faster than the old process of rolling single sheets and produced a superior product.

hot tear n. [ < hot adj. + tear n.²] Metallurgy a rupture produced in a casting or ingot as the metal cools and contracts.

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society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > qualities of metals > [noun] > imperfections > ruptures in casting

hot tear1933

hot tearing1945

1933 Jrnl. Iron & Steel Inst. 127 566 The application of certain principles of casting design is important in eliminating the danger of hot-tears.

2007 Nature 4 Jan. 35/2 Later on in the solidification process this can trigger cracks—‘hot tears’—that are among the most severe defects encountered in casting and welding processes.

hot tearing n. Metallurgy the formation or occurrence of hot tears.

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society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > qualities of metals > [noun] > imperfections > ruptures in casting

hot tear1933

hot tearing1945

1945 Jrnl. Iron & Steel Inst. 151 380P The degree of hot tearing..can be minimised or often eliminated by using steel with a lower sulphur content.

1998 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) A. 356 927 Hot tearing becomes possible if the rate of shrinkage exceeds the maximum possible flow rate of feeding.

hot-tempered adj. †(a) passionate, lustful (obsolete); (b) bad-tempered, irascible.

ΚΠ

1673 R. Baxter Christian Directory i. vi. 314 He can much easier tempt..a sanguine or hot tempered person to lust, and wantonness.

a1791 F. Hopkinson Misc. Ess. (1792) II. 32 Every hot tempered, over-bearing, ill-mannered fellow.

1873 J. A. Symonds Stud. Greek Poets vii. 196 Oedipus, the hot-tempered king.

1946 Liberty 15 June 86/2 The two hot-tempered Pittsburghers are fond of each other but cannot avoid an occasional tiff.

2005 Nation 27 June 34/3 She was hot-tempered and ready to clock anyone who gave her grief.

hot ticket n. colloquial (originally U.S. Theatre) a person or thing that is currently very popular or in great demand.

ΚΠ

1936 C. Washburn Come into my Parlor vi. 65 The Everleigh Club was..a ‘hot ticket’.

1991 Boston Apr. 68/1 This hopeful candidate is a hot ticket.

1994 Sunday Times 6 Mar. iii. 3/1 The high-profile success of a handful of players has transformed them from niche operators far from the mainstream of money management into the hottest ticket in town.

2002 High Country News 27 May 7/2 Cultural tourism may be a hot ticket in some parts of the West.

hot tip n. colloquial (originally U.S. Horse Racing) a particularly pertinent and reliable piece of advice or (inside) information; (also) a subject of such information, esp. a horse which is tipped to win a race.

ΚΠ

1891 Decatur (Illinois) Morning Rev. 15 July Acclaim was the hot tip and the favorite, but Aloha went to the front almost from the start.

1941 Jrnl. Higher Educ. 12 153/2 I wanted hot tips on how to write the great American novel.

1990 D. Lucie Doing the Business in Fashion, Progress, Hard Feelings, Doing the Business (1991) 263 I certainly didn't think I'd get it [sc. a job]. Not against Roland... He was the hot tip.

2005 Mail & Guardian (Johannesburg) 4 Feb. (Friday Suppl.) 11/3 Eddie..ropes in Tamia to follow up a hot tip.

hot top n. Metallurgy a refractory container for holding a reservoir of molten metal at the top of a mould during the solidification of an ingot, which can supply metal to fill the space lost by contraction of the ingot as it cools and thereby prevent pipe (pipe n.¹ 23).

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society > occupation and work > equipment > metalworking equipment > [noun] > casting equipment > mould > parts or accessories of mould

flask1697

sharp1703

core1728

oddside1836

drawback1843

cope1856

nowel1864

rapping plate1876

prod1888

knock-out1893

undercut1909

hot top1917

tundish1926

pipe chaplet1934

natch1941

parting1967

1917 U.S. Patent 1,226,123 2/1 This difficulty is overcome by the use of the hot top or funnel, which rests upon the top of the mold during pouring.

1983 Proc. Royal Soc. A. 385 328 Improvements in production are made on using the wide end up mould with reverse taper in the hot-top region.

hot tray n. a heated tray for keeping food hot, esp. one with a built-in electric heating element.

ΚΠ

1940 T. Burke Streets of London through Cent. iv. 104 He sold, not pies, but puddings which he carried about the town on a hot tray.

1950 Anniston (Alabama) Star 10 Jan. 5/5 The problem of keeping food hot for tardy husbands is solved by a new electric hot tray.

2000 Business Day (S. Afr.) 28 Jan. 12/7 A wonderful display of traditional boerekos, with most of the flavours ruined by waiting buffet-style in bains marie and hot trays.

hot trod n. (Also hot tred) Scottish and English regional (northern) (now historical) the immediate tracking and pursuit of raiders from the other side of the border between England and Scotland; the right to continue such a pursuit over the border; cf. hot pursuit n.

ΚΠ

c1600 in J. Balfour Practicks (1754) 610 It sall be lauchful to the said wardane [sc. of the Marches] to persew the chase in hot tred, until sic time and place as fugitive..be apprehendit.

1774 T. Pennant Tour Scotl. 1772 68 Persons who were aggrieved..were allowed to pursue the hot-trode with hound and horn.

1777 J. Nicolson & R. Burn Hist. Westmorland & Cumberland I. p. xviii It shall be lawful for the said warden to pursue the chace in hot trod.., unto such time and place as the fugitive or offender be apprehended, and to bring them again within heir own jurisdiction.

1805 W. Scott Lay of Last Minstrel v. xxix. 295 (note) The pursuit of Border marauders was followed..with blood-hounds and bugle-horn, and was called the hot-trod.

1887 H. Dalziel Brit. Dogs I. xi. 159 The law of hot-trod, which implied tracking the rievers at once.

1999 D. Brook & P. Hinchcliffe North to Cape 21 An alternative was to resort to the ‘Hot Trod’, the legal right to pursue the assailant and recover property.

hot tub n. (also hotub) originally U.S. a large (frequently outdoor) bath filled with hot aerated water, used by one or more people for recreation or physical therapy.

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the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing oneself or body > [noun] > bathing > vessel for bathing in > types of

furo1615

semicupium1634

bidet1766

hip bath1806

slipper-bath1829

sitz bath1842

saucer bath1860

Roman tub1911

ofuro1934

bathinette1936

Jacuzzi1966

hot tub1973

plunge pool1973

1973 ‘L. Elder’ (title) Hot tubs: how to build, maintain & enjoy your own.

1981 Chron.-Telegram (Elyria, Ohio) 10 Dec. f2/2 (advt.) Spas, hotubs..installation and maintenance guidance.

1988 J. McInerney Story of my Life x. 155 The four of us in the hot tub drinking Cristal wrecked on Quaaludes and we're like joking around about having an orgy.

2002 Independent 15 Feb. 11/1 A man who inhaled spray from an outdoor hot tub during a shopping trip to a garden centre died within days from Legionnaires' disease.

hot-tubber n. originally North American a person who bathes in a hot tub.

ΚΠ

1979 Harrowsmith 11 104/4 U.S. hot tubbers take less of a soaking—prices are roughly 50 per cent less.

2004 J. MacNiven Breakfast at Bucks 272 We would zoom in on the naked hot-tubbers at Esalen in Big Sur.

hot tubbing n. originally U.S. the action of bathing in a hot tub.

ΚΠ

1973 Los Angeles Times 8 June ii. 1/1 If hot tubbing keeps the Santa Barbara crowd looking that young.., then every body needs heat.

2006 Evening News (Edinb.) (Nexis) 17 Mar. 22 Sliding into the steaming hot water while the cold air nips at your ears is, apparently, one of the greatest joys of hot-tubbing.

hot tube n. Engineering (now historical) (in some early internal combustion engines) a metal or porcelain tube, closed at the end, which projected from one end of the cylinder and was heated externally by a flame, so that it ignited the mixture forced into it during the compression stroke; usually attributive in hot-tube ignition.Quot. 1856 refers to a heating stove; quot. 1886 to an external-combustion engine burning hydrocarbon fuel.

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society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > machines which impart power > engine > internal-combustion engine > [noun] > parts of > other parts

thermo-siphon1834

crank-case1878

manifolda1884

hot tube1889

sump1894

hit-and-miss governor1897

engine pit1903

retard1903

head1904

gasket1915

gravity tank1917

cylinder block1923

transfer case1923

swirl chamber1934

manifolding1938

ignition switch1952

catalytic converter1955

small block1963

cat1988

1856 U.S. Patent 14,648 1/2 The gases in passing down the hot tube K, will come in contact with the air admitted through the register B, and will ignite.

1886 U.S. Patent 350,783 2/1 The jet of steam and hydrocarbons in passing through the hot tube J becomes highly heated before burning when it issues from J.]

1889 U.S. Patent 402,549 3/2 The ignitor-valve..permits the pressure of the explosive cylinder-charge to drive the aforesaid products of combustion into the chamber 66, and the inflammable charge, following into the hot tube, becomes ignited.

1890 W. Robinson Gas & Petroleum Engines iii. 35 With hot-tube ignition..there is the possibility of premature and irregular explosions.

1963 A. Bird & F. Hutton-Stott Veteran Motor Car Pocketbk. 67, 1899 Clément-Panhard... Engine: Transverse,..hot-tube ignition.

2001 Stationary Engine Mag. Mar. 25/3 One of the more noticeable differences between this engine and its earlier counterpart is the use of high-tension magneto ignition in place of hot tube ignition.

hot walker n. North American Horse Racing a person who leads a horse at walking pace in order to let it cool down after strenuous exercise; cf. to walk hots at Phrases 16.

ΚΠ

1956 Lima (Ohio) News 26 Apr. 43/4 In the morning, Jackie..leads a horse around, acting as a ‘hot walker’.

2004 Chicago Tribune (Midwest ed.) 9 May x. 17 (caption) The grooms, hot walkers and exercise riders who keep the more than 2,000 resident horses happy and fit on Arlington's backstretch.

hot wall n. Horticulture (now historical) a wall containing built-in flues to warm it and so assist in ripening the fruit of trees trained against it.

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the world > food and drink > farming > gardening > equipment and buildings > [noun] > hot-wall

hot wall1739

the world > food and drink > farming > gardening > equipment and buildings > [noun] > greenhouse or glass-house > hothouse

stow1614

hothouse1629

stove1697

hot wall1739

moist stove1806

tan-stove1828

warm-house1843

stove-house1860

1739 P. Miller Gardeners Dict. II. 7 Directions for building and managing of Hot-walls, either for accelerating the ripening of Fruit early in Summer, or for bringing such late-ripe Fruit to Perfection.

1777 W. Wilson (title) The forcing of early fruits, and the management of hot walls.

1853 Times 12 Mar. 11/1 (advt.) The garden..has extensive hot-houses and hot walls.

1999 S. Campbell Walled Kitchen Gardens 4 A dozen hot walls and hothouses, some over 100 yards..long, provided thousands of figs, pineapples, grapes, strawberries and peaches all year round.

hot war n. [in sense (b) after cold war n. at cold adj. Compounds 4] (a) war characterized by particularly intense and violent conflict; an instance of this; cf. sense A. 9a; (b) open warfare, active hostilities; an armed conflict (opposed to cold war; now the usual sense).

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society > armed hostility > war > types of war > [noun] > active or open war

open warc1380

hot war1600

shooting war1941

1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. xliv. 1182 Antiochus now king of Syria..made hot war [L. bellum..gerens] upon his younger brother, who then held Alexandria.

1768 J. Lees Jrnl. (1911) 39 The Chipawas..were at this time in a hot war with the Sous.

1937 C. W. Elliott Winfield Scott iv. 42 The city was boiling with excitement and war fever... A hot war was in immediate prospect.

1947 Portland (Maine) Press Herald 22 Apr. 4/1 Perhaps life is a dream... Cold war or hot war, it is not a pleasant dream just now.

1955 Times 5 July 11/6 It is a reasonable assumption that a hot war would be measured in months if not weeks.

2002 S. Pinker Blank Slate (Book Club ed.) xvii. 306 Though the cold war is a memory, and hot wars between major nations are rare, we still do not have peace in the world.

hot warrior n. [after cold warrior n. at cold adj. Compounds 4] a participant in or advocate of open warfare (against a particular adversary); cf. hot war n. (b), cold warrior n. at cold adj. Compounds 4.

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society > armed hostility > war > militarism > [noun] > warmongering > warmonger

war-hawk1798

war-dog1813

war-man1814

warmonger1817

levier1831

sabre-rattler1928

hot warrior1950

1950 Washington Post 21 Mar. 8/3 Intelligence is the eyes and ears of the hot warriors as well as the cold warriors.

1966 New Statesman 22 July 116/2 It is more likely that the hot warriors..want to use rash behaviour in Hanoi to authenticate the next escalation.

1993 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 10 Sept. a27/1 I discount all the sudden hot warriors, the journalists and politicians who made a career of hounding the armed forces they now summon to action.

hot wave n. a spell of exceptionally hot weather; a heat wave.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > hot weather > [noun] > spell or season of

heat1390

hot wave1876

heatwave1878

1876 Constitution (Atlanta, Georgia) 23 July Excessive heat has prevailed thus far this summer... The weather-wise now predict that the hot wave is about to pass into Norway and from thence to the north of Russia.

1968 G. R. Rumney Climatol. xi. 198 The familiar but unwelcome heat wave, or hot wave, of eastern North America.

2007 Myrtle Beach (S. Carolina) Sun-News (Nexis) 11 Aug. c1 At least the current hot wave doesn't have a name..like..Hugo or something.

hot wind n. a mass of hot dry air that blows over land, esp. for great distances from the interior in parts of Australia, North America, and some other land masses.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > wind > [noun] > hot or warm wind > hot or warm and dry

red winda1400

hot wind1600

1600 R. Surflet tr. C. Estienne & J. Liébault Maison Rustique iii. li. 547 It is meete..that the oyle cellars be scituate towards the North, quite on the other side from the hot windes.

1797 Encycl. Brit. VI. 402/1 A sign of the approaching Simoom or hot wind.

1809 T. D. Broughton Lett. Mahratta Camp (1892) x. 83 The hot winds have set in.

1900 W. Stebbing C. H. Pearson 289 He revelled in the Victoria hot-wind days which shrivelled up everybody else.

2001 S. Roaf et al. Ecohouse (2002) 284 The West House takes advantage of the prevailing northwesterly hot winds that blow during the hot-dry seasons.

† hot-windy adj. Australian Obsolete characterized by hot winds.

ΚΠ

1861 ‘Old Bushman’ Bush Wanderings 231 In Melbourne a hot-windy day is called a ‘brick-fielder’, on account of the dust which darkens the sky.

1871 ‘Dingo’ Austral. Rhymes 18 The dust and the hot-windy weather.

hot wing n. (a) Aeronautics an anti-icing system in which hot exhaust from the engine is fed through channels along the leading edge of the aircraft wing; frequently attributive; (b) originally and chiefly U.S. a chicken wing deep-fried and coated in a spicy sauce (usually in plural); = Buffalo wing at Buffalo n.²

ΚΠ

1944 H. R. Byers Gen. Meteorol. xxii. 549 Recently the ‘hot wing’ has been introduced for deicing purposes.

1981 Syracuse (N.Y.) Herald-Jrnl. 17 Feb. 10/3 (advt.) Chicken Wings... Prepare your own hot wings from six recipes!

1998 R. N. Buck Weather Flying (ed. 4) xv. 220 Hot wings..are turned on and the wing heated before getting ice. The hot wing never lets ice form.

2004 L. McKeithan Understanding Men xxvii. 128 Sometimes we may find ourselves in places with crappy bathrooms, sleazy clientele, or a menu that consists of only hot wings and tequila.

† hot with n. colloquial Obsolete a mixture of hot spirits and water with sugar; cf. cold without n. at cold adj. Compounds 4, with prep. 26b(b); also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > distilled drink > [noun] > spirits and water > hot

toddy1741

tod1797

warm with1838

hot stopping1840

hot with1840

1840 R. H. Barham Execution in Ingoldsby Legends 1st Ser. 71 There is ‘punch,’ ‘cold without,’ ‘hot with,’ ‘heavy wet.’

1862 W. M. Thackeray Wks. (1872) X. 211 How do you like your novels? I like mine strong, ‘hot with’.

1892 T. H. Huxley in L. Huxley Life & Lett. T. H. Huxley (1900) II. 319 One might as well prophesy the effect of a glass of ‘hot-with’ when the relative qualities of brandy, water, and sugar are unknown.

C4. Manufacturing Technology. Predicatively with verbal nouns and past participles, and often with transitive verbs corresponding to them (sometimes occurring later as back-formations and sometimes earlier), denoting an industrial or manufacturing process or its result. Also hot-press v., hot-work v.

hot-dip adj. involving hot dipping; used for or applied by hot dipping.

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society > occupation and work > industry > working with specific materials > working with metal > [adjective] > methods of coating

hot-dip1912

passivifying1915

passivating1918

anodized1933

passivizing1975

1912 Times 10 Apr. 20/3 The hot-dip galvanizing process.

1971 Engineering Apr. 61/2 Croda Chemicals Ltd..supply both hot-dip strippable wax coatings as well as plastics.

1998 Materials World Apr. 219/1 Zinc coatings were applied by hot dip galvanizing—dipping prepared steel in molten zinc.

hot-dipped adj. (of an object) having a coating applied by hot dipping; (of a coating) applied by hot dipping.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > plated or coated metal > [adjective] > in specific way

foliate1626

foileda1680

galvanized1839

struck1881

Bonderized1932

hot-dipped1935

prefinished1935

1935 Winnipeg Free Press 30 Dec. 17 (advt.) Square Wash Tubs... Rustproof, hot-dipped.

1983 J. S. Foster Struct. & Fabric (rev. ed.) I. iii. 116/2 If steel ties are used these should be hot-dipped galvanised.

2006 Y. Fukada et al. in S. Ganesan & M. Pecht Lead-free Electronics x. 572 The use of hot-dipped tin plating presents far less risk than electro-tin plating.

hot dipping n. the application of a coating to an article either by dipping it in a bath of hot liquid, or by dipping it hot in a bath of liquid.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > working with specific materials > working with metal > [noun] > coating with metal > methods of

barrel-plating1911

hot dipping1913

Parkerizing1919

Bonderizing1932

metalliding1967

1913 Times 13 Aug. 20/4 In the manufacture of tinplates.., it is generally found impossible with the hot dipping process to put an efficient coating on steel plates with less than [etc.].

1954 Plastics Engin. Handbk. (Soc. Plastics Industry, Inc.) x. 300 Successive hot-dipping of objects in a tank of plastisol over the course of several hours will raise the temperature of the plastisol.

1993 Collins Compl. DIY Man. (new ed.) ii. 61/1 Galvanized iron and steel has a coating of zinc applied by hot dipping. When new, this provides a poor key for most paints.

hot-draw v. transitive to make by hot drawing, to draw (draw v. 41b) while hot.

ΚΠ

1952 J. Delmonte Plastics Molding xiii. 409 It is much more feasible to stock a few sizes and then, when a special tubing is required, hot-draw the tubing down to the required dimension.

1964 Proc. Royal Soc. A. 282 3 Stress concentrators could be removed or made harmless, in glass, by hot-drawing the material into fibres.

2003 Handwoven Jan. 34/1 An acid reaction with an alcohol creates the polyester fiber; it is melt-spun and hot-drawn.

hot drawing n. the drawing of wire, tubing, fibres, or the like with the application of heat or while hot.

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society > occupation and work > industry > manufacturing processes > [noun] > processing > types of heating process

burning1559

firework1560

roast1582

coction1684

kelp-burning1845

hot drawing1897

process heating1926

1897 E. C. R. Marks Manuf. Iron & Steel Tubes iv. 33 The bottles are produced from a solid block of steel, which is worked into a cup-shaped blank..then made into a tubular form by hot drawing.

1963 H. R. Clauser Encycl. Engin. Materials 685/1 Typical applications for these steels are..hot-drawing dies..and die casting dies.

2007 Optics & Laser Technol. 39 1301 Polyethylene terephthalate..fibres in the hot-drawing stage of the production process.

hot-drawn adj. (of oil) extracted or expressed with the aid of heat; (of wire, tubing, etc.) obtained by hot drawing.

ΚΠ

1877 J. M. Ross Globe Encycl. II. 51/2 Castor oil... The hot-drawn is obtained by boiling the seeds, then shelling and pounding to a pulp, and again boiling [etc.].

1890 Manufacturer & Builder July 149/3 The tensile strength of hot drawn steel wire is 56,460 pounds to the square inch.

1934 C. C. Steele Introd. Plant Biochem. ii. v. 39 The press-cake is then heated at steam-heat and passed into the presses again, giving hot-drawn oil, mainly used for soap-making.

2000 Anatolian Stud. 50 183/2 A similar process of extracting hot-drawn oil from safflower seeds..yields a thick, black, viscous material used for waterproofing.

hot gilding n. gilding in which an amalgam of gold or silver is applied to a surface and the mercury content subsequently driven off by heating.

ΚΠ

1789 C. R. Hopson in tr. J. C. Wiegleb Gen. Syst. Chem. ii. i. vii. 577 Hot-gilding is performed in the very same various ways, but confined merely to incombustible bodies.

1897 J. H. Van Horne Mod. Electro Plating xi. 147 Hot baths, for hot gilding, work with from 11 grains to 20 grains of gold to the quart.

1999 R. Beer Encycl. Tibetan Symbols & Motifs ix. 209/2 Silver is used in the same gilding processes as gold, with a silver leaf and mercury amalgam being used for ‘hot gilding’.

hot-mould v. transitive to make or produce by hot moulding.

ΚΠ

1964 N. G. Clark Mod. Org. Chem. xvii. 359 The product is a colourless, transparent solid which may be machined, or hot-moulded.

2006 M. Abd-El Salam & N. Benkerroum in A. Y. Tamime Brined Cheeses v. 172 The curd is squeezed and hot moulded before cooling to 12–18°C.

hot-moulded adj. made by or involving hot moulding.

ΚΠ

1891 School of Mines Q. 12 191 The space shall be large enough for men to work conveniently, and..the storage of hot moulded slag while cooling.

1962 Times 13 Feb. 4/6 They have offered to build a racing eight by the hot-moulded method.

2000 K. Checkley Cash is still King ii. 43 There is an increasing demand for hot moulded plastics from a wide range of industries.

hot moulding n. moulding in which heat is applied either to the material to be moulded (as in injection moulding) or to the mould itself (as in compression moulding).

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > manufacturing processes > [noun] > processing > types of shaping process

moulding1327

turningc1440

turnerya1680

turnery work1744

steam-bending1835

wheeling1882

fabrication1926

hot moulding1935

tableting1947

micromachining1955

1935 Thorpe's Dict. Appl. Chem. Suppl. II. 650 For ordinary commercial hot moulding resins, in which rapidity of hardening is of prime importance, the products derived from the simpler phenols and formaldehyde have proved unrivalled.

1938 H. I. Lewenz tr. K. Brandenburger Processes & Machinery Plastics Industry i. 1 Hot moulding, where the hardening process..takes place to some extent simultaneously with the moulding of the paste by tools, which..are heated.

1999 S. Seunarine Princ. Business for CXC (ed. 4) 178 Excelsior Manufacturing Ltd produce plastic dustbins, housewares and office sundries by a hot moulding process.

hot-roll v. transitive to make or produce by hot rolling.

ΚΠ

1828 London Encycl. XIV. ii. 737/2 They are first hot-rolled, that is, made red-hot..and then passed through a pair of cast-iron rollers.

1925 A. H. Mundey Tin & Tin Industry 95 There was hot-rolled a total of 213,940 base boxes.

1998 APT Bull. 29 28/1 Wrought iron has a very low carbon concentration and is easily hot rolled into rod, beam, and plate sections.

hot-rolled adj. made or produced by hot rolling.

ΚΠ

1860 Trans. North of Eng. Inst. Mining Engineers 8 14 It would seem that a one inch bar of hot rolled iron bore 26 tons, and the same iron when rolled cold bore 36½ tons per square inch.

1907 J. V. Woodworth Grinding & Lapping iv. 129 The hot rolled and finished steel is the best variety to use.

2003 Proc. Royal Soc. A. 459 166 The initial material was supplied by a commercial producer in the form of hot-rolled plate.

hot rolling n. the rolling of metal or other material while it is hot.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > working with specific materials > working with metal > [noun] > rolling

rolling1530

milling1613

hot rolling1853

cogging1878

roll-forming1922

skin pass1932

1853 Brit. Patent 718 4 The cold rolling is performed in the same manner as the hot rolling, except that the tube and mandril are cold instead of hot.

1892 Trans. Amer. Soc. Civil Engineers 27 636 The result of hot rolling was to consolidate the sheet of asphalt into a compact mass.

1967 A. H. Cottrell Introd. Metall. xxii. 439 The ingots are taken from their moulds while still hot and then stored in a soaking pit or furnace ready for hot-rolling at 1000–1200° C.

1995 H. Chandler et al. Heat Treater's Guide (ed. 2) 27/2 Wrought products may be normalized..to help reduce banded grain structure due to hot rolling.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	hot
释义	hotn.² Brit. /hɒt/, U.S. /hɑt/, Scottish English /hɔt/, Irish English /hɑt/ Forms: Middle English hatt (perhaps transmission error), Middle English hote, Middle English hotte, Middle English hutte, Middle English 1600s (1800s– English regional (northern)) hott, 1600s–1700s hutt, 1600s– hot, 1800s– hut (English regional (northern)); Scottish pre-1700 hoit, pre-1700 howit, pre-1700 howt, 1700s–1800s hott, 1700s–1800s hutt, 1700s– hut, 1800s– hot, 1900s– hoat, 1900s– hote. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French hote. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman and Middle French hote, hotte (French hotte ) large basket carried on a person's back in a frame (early 13th cent. in Old French), probably < a Germanic language, probably ultimately < the same Germanic base as Middle Dutch hotten (see hotter v.), the basket being so called on account of the swaying motion that it makes on the back of the person carrying it. See further discussion in Dictionnaire étymologique de l'ancien français at hote. Compare post-classical Latin hotta , hottus hod (from early 13th cent. in British sources), German regional (Rhineland, Swabia) Hotte wooden basket carried on a person's back in a frame, also (specifically) vintager's dorser (late 15th cent.; also (Switzerland, Alsace) Hutte ), both < French. Compare later hod n. and hut n.²With sense 1b compare the following isolated earlier example of Middle English hutte , apparently in sense ‘clod of earth’: ▸ ?1440 tr. Palladius De re Rustica (Duke Humfrey) (1896) ii. l. 188 The wedis with an hond most vp be wronge..and with a shelle or a hutte [L. gleba] adoun hem presse. Sense 2, which is not paralleled in French, may show a different word. Earlier currency is implied by occupational surnames (in sense ‘basketmaker’), e.g. Richard the Hottemon (1286), John le Hottere (1331), Peter le Hotemakere (1342), etc. Now Scottish and English regional (northern). 1. a. A large basket or pannier for carrying earth, sand, lime, manure, etc. Sc. National Dict. (at cited word) records this sense as still in use in Kirkcudbrightshire in 1957. ΘΚΠ society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > conveyance carried by person or animal > [noun] > baskets borne by persons or beasts of burden dosserc1384 pot1388 hota1400 creelc1425 panniera1656 dossel1755 a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 5524 (MED) Apon þer neckes sal þai bere Hott wit stan and wit morter. c1450 (c1380) G. Chaucer House of Fame (Fairf. 16) (1878) l. 1940 Twigges..Whiche as men..maken of these panyers, Or elles hattes or dossers. 1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 109 a/2 And bare on hys sholders vii hottis or baskettis fulle of erthe. 1661 Wit & Drollery 74 Ise lay down my hot, and Ise went to pray,..Afore I had don it wor stolen away. 1741 Chambers's Cycl. (ed. 4) II. A willow or osier turned or bent into an oval, circle, square, or other figure, according to the baskets, panniers, hampers, hots, and other utensils intended. 1781 J. Hutton Tour to Caves (ed. 2) Gloss. 91/1 Hots, a sort of panniers to carry turf or slate in. 1822 R. Trotter Lowran Castle 118 Bailie Clugston on his little dun Galloway..two hotts merrily swinged from side to side, as swiftly he rode along. 1825 J. T. Brockett Gloss. North Country Words Hot, a sort of square basket formerly used for taking manure into fields of steep ascent. 1878 W. Dickinson Gloss. Words & Phrases Cumberland (ed. 2) Muck hots..panniers for conveying manure on horseback. b. A small heap or pile (the amount contained in a hot) of dung, dust, sand, etc.; esp. one of several heaps of manure to be distributed over a field in preparation for spreading. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > an assemblage or collection > [noun] > mass formed by collection of particles > an accumulation > heap or pile > small hippleOE hotc1700 coop1825 c1700 in R. Ford Vagabond Songs (1904) 281 There was hay to ca', and lint to lead, A hunder hotts o' muck to spread. 1822 J. Hogg Three Perils of Man II. vii. 255 Will then laid his arm over the boy and the hott o' claes, and fell sound asleep. 1841 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 2 i. 126 The field..was left by the cattle in tufts or hots not eaten regularly off. 1878 W. Dickinson Gloss. Words & Phrases Cumberland (ed. 2) Muck hots..(N.E.) heaps of muck or lime in the field. 1925 E. C. Smith Mang Howes 13 There was a gey little hote o muilleens left for Lazarus! 1988 W. A. D. Riach Galloway Gloss. 23 Hote, a pile, heap (of potatoes, weeds, stones, dung). †2. Frequently in form hutt. A padded sheath for the spur of a fighting cock. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > fighting or baiting animals > fighting between animals > [noun] > cock-fighting > spur > sheath hot1635 pounce1688 1635 G. Markham Pleasures Princes 48 Hots are soft bumbasted roules of Leather, covering their Spurs, so that they cannot hurt or bruise one another. a1657 G. Daniel Trinarchodia in Poems (1878) III. To Rdr. 131 Hee without Cloake Is a Witt in Hutts, a pretty spurringe Cocke. 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory ii. xi. 252/2 Hotts or Hutts, are the Pounces or round Balls of Leather stuffed and clapped or tied on the sharp end of the Spurs, to keep Cocks that they shall not hurt one another in sparing, or breathing themselves. 1709 R. Howlett Royal Pastime Cock-fighting 48 Having secured their budding Spurs, by putting them on little Hutts made for that purpose. 1806 Sporting Mag. 27 140 Cover your Cock's heels with hots made of leather. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022). hotadj.n.¹ Brit. /hɒt/, U.S. /hɑt/ Forms: α. early Old English haat, Old English hattum (dative, rare), Old English (Middle English chiefly northern) hat, Middle English hatte (chiefly northern), Middle English (early or northern) 1500s (northern) hate, late Middle English hatt (chiefly northern); English regional (northern) 1800s– heat, 1800s– heeat, 1800s– yat; Scottish pre-1700 haet, pre-1700 hait, pre-1700 haite, pre-1700 haitt, pre-1700 hat, pre-1700 hate, pre-1700 hayt, pre-1700 heit, 1800s heat. β. Middle English hoȝt, Middle English hoott, Middle English hoth, Middle English hothe, Middle English hoyt, Middle English–1500s hoote, Middle English–1600s hoot, Middle English–1600s hote, Middle English– hot, 1500s hoate, 1500s–1600s hoat, 1500s–1700s hott, 1500s–1700s hotte, 1600s hout, 1800s– 'ot (nonstandard); English regional (west midlands) 1800s– oot, 1800s– ot; Scottish pre-1700 hoat, pre-1700 hoate, pre-1700 hoatt, pre-1700 hoit, pre-1700 hoot, pre-1700 hote, pre-1700 hoyt, pre-1700 1700s– hot; also Irish English 1800s hoat, 1800s hote. γ. late Middle English–1500s whote, 1500s whoat, 1500s whoate, 1500s whoot, 1500s whoote, 1500s whott, 1500s whotte, 1500s woght, 1500s–1600s whot, 1600s whut; Scottish pre-1700 whoot, pre-1700 whote. Comparative. α. Old English hatra, Old English hattra, Middle English hatere, Middle English hatter, Middle English hattere, Middle English hattore, Middle English hattre, Middle English hatture; Scottish pre-1700 hatar. β. Middle English hottere, Middle English– hotter. Superlative. α. Old English hatest, Old English hatost, Old English hattost, Old English hatust, Old English–Middle English hattest; Scottish pre-1700 hatast, pre-1700 hatest. β. Middle English hotestd, Middle English–1500s hoteste, Middle English–1500s hotteste, Middle English–1600s hotest, Middle English– hottest; Scottish pre-1700 hotest, pre-1700 1700s– hottest. Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: Cognate with Old Frisian hēt (West Frisian hjit , also hyt ), Old Dutch heit (only in the compound heitmuodi anger, lit. ‘hot mood’; Middle Dutch heet , Dutch heet ), Old Saxon hēt (Middle Low German hēt , German regional (Low German) heet , heit , hitt ), Old High German heiz (Middle High German heiz , German heiß ), Old Icelandic heitr , Old Danish heet , het (Danish hed ), Old Swedish heter (Swedish het ), apparently < an extended form (with dental suffix) of the Indo-European base of Old High German hei , heia , both in sense ‘heat, conflagration’, (with added prefixes) firheiēn to singe, to burn (a thing), gehei heat, conflagration (Middle High German gehei , geheie ), and also of Lithuanian kaisti (1st person singular present indicative kaistu ) to become hot, to glow, to sweat, kaisti (1st person singular present indicative kaičiu ) to heat, Latvian kaist to glow, to burn, kaitēt to heat, and (with added prefix and suffix) Old Prussian prakāisnan sweat. For various primary and secondary noun formations ultimately < the same Germanic base see heat n.The regularly expected phonological development of Old English hāt in Middle English is northern hāt (compare the α. forms) and southern hōt (with open ō ). The modern form with ŏ is attested by spellings and by the evidence of the orthoepists from the 16th cent. onwards; the Middle English spelling hot could represent a form with either a long or a short vowel, and there is no definite evidence for a pronunciation with ŏ in the Middle English period (although for Middle English forms with a short vowel compare the α. forms hatte , hatt ). The short vowel probably shows late Middle English or early modern English shortening of open ō before t (compare E. J. Dobson Eng. Pronunc. 1500–1700 (ed. 2, 1968) II. §33). Levelling with the forms with a shortened vowel in the inflected comparative or superlative is perhaps also possible, although this did not happen in similar paradigms such as out adj. vs. utter adj. and late adj.¹ vs. latter adj., and it would be more expected that the comparative and superlative would be levelled with the positive form (compare outer adj., later adj.). With the γ. forms compare whole adj. Later Scots reflexes of α. forms are probably shown by some of the forms at het adj.¹; compare discussion at that entry, and also Sc. National Dict. at het adj. A. adj. I. Having or characterized by a high temperature or the sensation of heat. 1. Having or providing a high degree of heat; of or at a high temperature. Cf. heat n. 1a, 2a.Opposed to cold, and distinguished from warm, which implies less intense heat.Also with modifying word denoting the degree of heat, as boiling, broiling, piping, red-, white-hot, etc.: see the first element. a. Of the sun, the weather, a day, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > hot weather > [adjective] warmc888 hotOE tropic1764 tropical1788 subtropical1829 shirtsleeve1877 Thermidorian1891 the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > [adjective] > having or communicating much heat hotOE chaud138. hetc1480 OE Old Eng. Martyrol. (Julius) 9 Mar. 31 Þa on niht com leoht of heofonum swa hat swa sunne bið on sumera, ond þæt is gemelte ond þæt wæter wearð wearm. OE Ælfric De Temporibus Anni (Cambr. Gg.3.28) xiv. §i. 82 Gif se wæta bið mare ðonne þæt fyr, þonne fremað hit, swa hattre sumor swa mare ðunor, & liget on geare. c1230 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Corpus Cambr.) (1962) 204 Þe soðe sunne..wes..istihen on heh o þe hehe rode forte spreaden ouer al hate [a1250 Nero hote] luue gleames. c1275 Kentish Serm. in J. Hall Select. Early Middle Eng. (1920) I. 222 (MED) At Middai wanne þo dai is alþer hotestd. c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) l. 10960 (MED) Þulke ȝer was þut somer so druye & so hot Þat ȝut to þis daye of none hattore me not. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 2703 Quen it was hate [a1400 Gött. hat, a1400 Trin. Cambr. hoot] a-pon a tide Abram satt his hus be side. a1450 Partonope of Blois (Univ. Coll. Oxf.) (1912) l. 4165 (MED) The day was whote and longe. c1480 (a1400) St. Ninian 564 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) II. 320 It wes hate [rhyme gate]. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VIII f. xxxiiij^v The wether was hoat. 1581 T. Lupton Persuasion from Papistrie 21 They that are not content with a faire hot Sunne-shining day. 1633 Bp. J. Hall Plaine Explic. Hard Texts i. 331 In an hote scorching season. 1653 I. Walton Compl. Angler iv. 118 In a hot day, but especially in the evening of a hot day. View more context for this quotation 1726 J. Swift Gulliver II. iii. i. 9 The Sun so hot, that I was forced to turn my Face from it. ?1750 Characterism i. 93 If she stirs in hot Weather, the Effluvia that evaporate from her fair Skin have exactly the Fragrancy of Lowvervain. 1833 C. Sturt Two Exped. Southern Austral. II. iii. 66 The hot winds in the interior. 1861 R. T. Hulme tr. C. H. Moquin-Tandon Elements Med. Zool. ii. v. ii. 262 In hot climates, Spiders are able to produce..a certain amount of local pain. 1903 A. Adams Log of Cowboy vii. 88 You can hardly imagine what a difference there is in fording this herd, between a cool cloudy day and a clear hot one. 1964 W. Markfield To Early Grave (1965) xii. 242 Cold cuts, a roll? It's Sunday, it's hot, she didn't feel like cooking. 2004 C. Connelly Attention All Shipping (2005) 316 What a scorcher it was going to be again, all hot sun and clear skies. b. Of fire, or something burning or glowing. ΚΠ eOE Bald's Leechbk. (Royal) (1865) i. l. 124 Wiþ deawwyrme stæppe on hat col, cele mid wætre, stæppe on swa hat swa he hatost mæge. OE Daniel 340 Se [sc. engel ælbeorht] ðone lig tosceaf..hatan fyres, tosweop hine and toswende þurh þa swiðan miht, ligges leoma[n] . a1225 (c1200) Vices & Virtues (1888) 63 On ðe wallende brene of ðe hote fiere. a1300 Vision St. Paul (Jesus Oxf.) l. 254 in R. Morris Old Eng. Misc. (1872) 154 On heom is mony yrene beond Þat is hatture [?a1300 Digby hattore] þene þe brond. c1405 (c1395) G. Chaucer Canon's Yeoman's Tale (Ellesmere) (1875) G. §3. l. 955 The fir was ouer hoot [c1415 Lansd., c1425 Petworth hote; c1430 Cambr. hot]. 1490 W. Caxton tr. Foure Sonnes of Aymon (1885) vi. 136 Whan the yron is well hoote, hit werketh the better. 1539 T. Elyot Castel of Helth (new ed.) ii. xx. f. 36 Boyle fyrst the mylke with an easy fier, and sethe it after with a hotter fire. 1598 tr. G. de Rosselli Epulario B iv b Almonds scorched on whote embers. 1653 S. Hartlib Discov. Div. Land 12 This brine they set in some vessel upon hot ashes, and in it they steeped their Seed-corn. 1678 tr. M. Charas Royal Pharmacopœa ii. i. xv. 96 Thrust down the Flowers with a Woodd'n Spatula; cover the Pot and set it upon the hot embers for six hours, at the end whereof let the infusion boyl a little. 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Pen Dutch Pens, are those made of Quills which have been passed thro' hot Ashes, to take off the grosser Fat and Moisture thereof. 1772 H. Brooke Redemption 27 The Sun himself [shall] consume with Hotter Fire. 1820 P. B. Shelley Prometheus Unbound i. i. 45 From the furnace, white and hot. 1857 J. G. Swan Northwest Coast 165 When the bake-kettle is nearly full, bake the whole over a bed of hot coals. 1930 D. L. Sayers Strong Poison ix. 111 Nothing goes so well with a hot fire and buttered crumpets as a wet day without. 2005 C. Tudge Secret Life Trees iv. 89 When a eucalyptus burns (which it will do when the flames are hot enough, even though eucalypts as a whole are fire-adapted) it may explode. c. Of something heated by the sun, fire, geothermal heat, chemical action, a physiological process, etc. ΚΠ OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 1st Ser. (Royal) (1997) iv. 207 Se het afyllan ane cyfe, mid weallendum ele, & þone mæran godspellere þæron besceofon; ac he..ungewemmed of þam hatum bæðe eode. a1200 MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 83 (MED) He..for reuðe ne wepeð none hote teres of his egen. c1300 St. Cuthbert (Laud) l. 53 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 360 Seoth it to-gadere swiþe wel, and leie it al hot þar-to, A-brod ase þei hit a plastre were. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) I. iv. vii. 152 Blood is hatter in þe riȝt side..And..strengþ of þe hote blood [is] in þe ryȝt side. ?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) (1996) i. l. 2237 Þe hate bathe he did mak. 1546 J. Heywood Dialogue Prouerbes Eng. Tongue i. vii. sig. D ii Little pot soone whot. 1596 T. Lodge Wits Miserie 105 This infirmity [sc. Paralisis] is healed by very hot Pultesies and inward potions. 1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear iv. 292 These hot teares that breake from me. View more context for this quotation 1669 J. Worlidge Systema Agriculturæ viii. 144 If you have a desire to have them white, or blanch them, (as the French term it)..you may cover every Plant with a small Earthen-pot, and lay some hot Soyl upon them. 1704 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion III. xiv. 419 This place is famous for its hot baths. 1744 G. Berkeley Siris (ESTC T72826) §221 A body heated so hot as to emit light. 1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth VI. 295 If the smallest quantity but touch the skin..it burns it like hot oil. 1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps ii. xxiii. 351 When the water..is as hot as the hand can bear. 1879 Scribner's Monthly Sept. 799/1 Doctor, why do you keep your room so hot? It is like an oven. 1931 A. Uttley Country Child xix. 245 The children took posies to school, lad's love and dark pansies squeezed tightly in their little hot hands. 1984 G. Vanderhaeghe My Present Age (1986) vii. 105 The shushing, wet sound of tires on hot pavement. 2001 N.Y. Mag. 2 Apr. 30/4 The Super Bowl of shaves with cleansing, exfoliation, and hydrating followed by hot towels soaked in chamomile and lavender. d. Of a country, place, etc.: having a warm or hot climate; characterized by hot weather. ΚΠ OE tr. Pseudo-Apuleius Herbarium (Vitell.) (1984) cxv. 156 Ðeos wyrt..byþ cenned neah sæ & on hatum stowum. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1865) I. 123 Idumea is a strong londe..and hoot [L. calida.] ?a1425 (c1400) Mandeville's Trav. (Titus C.xvi) (1919) 17 (MED) Þat lond is meche more hottere [?a1425 Egerton mare hate; Fr. plus chaud] þan it is here. 1570 J. Foxe Actes & Monumentes (rev. ed.) I. 95/1 Latyn writers..making mencion of the sayde pestilitie, declare how the beginning thereof..came..out of Ethiope, and from the hot countries. 1652 H. L'Estrange Americans No Iewes 21 In hot countries people went bare-foot and used to wash their feet for refreshment. 1740 S. Johnson Drake in Gentleman's Mag. Oct. 513 In hot Countries,..the Natives only use Unction to preserve them from the other Extream of Weather. 1854 J. H. Newman Lect. Hist. Turks ii. i. 72 It is a peculiarity of Asia that its regions are either very hot or very cold. 1989 S. Schneider Global Warming (1990) ii. 19 Planetary climatologists have noted that Venus is too hot, Mars is too cold, while Earth is just right for life. 2001 Techn. Guide (YHA Adventure Shops) Summer 35/1 ‘Fabric’ uppers are usually more breathable (better for hot countries). e. Of food or drink: prepared by heating and served before cooling. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food otherwise characterized > [adjective] > hot hotOE OE Lacnunga (2001) I. lvi. 28 Genim betan; seoð on buteran; syle hate etan mid ðære buteran. ?c1335 (a1300) Land of Cokaygne l. 104 in W. Heuser Kildare-Gedichte (1904) 147 Gees al hote, al hot. c1390 (a1376) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Vernon) (1867) A. Prol. l. 104 (MED) Cookes and heore knaues Cryen ‘hote pies, hote!’ a1450 in T. Austin Two 15th-cent. Cookery-bks. (1888) 12 Serue forth alle hote as tostes. 1528 T. Paynell tr. Arnaldus de Villa Nova in Joannes de Mediolano Regimen Sanitatis Salerni sig. Gii Nothynge nourisheth more than this mylke [sc. buttermilk] whan hit is newe sopped vp with newe hotte breadde. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VII f. iiii To take no more drynke neither hote nor colde. 1630 J. Makluire Buckler of Bodilie Health 102 To preveene these [winter diseases] wee ought to cover well the body, but especially the head, breast, and feete, and vse hote meates. 1687 A. Wood Life & Times (1894) III. 235 Three hot dishes, which he fed upon. 1735 J. Cockburn Journey over Land 152 We found a Range with two Indians, who seeing our deplorable Condition, made us a good Fire, and gave us hot Milk. 1795 G. Hanger Mil. Refl. 108 You have..a comfortable and wholesome bed to sleep in; you have a hot meal of victuals every day. 1845 J. H. Carleton Prairie Logbks. 19 May (1983) 174 The pint cup of hot coffee. 1896 Daily News 2 Jan. 5/7 Nothing is eaten as hot as it is boiled. 1938 C. S. Churchill Let. 19 Dec. in W. S. Churchill & C. S. Churchill Speaking for Themselves (1999) xix. 441 Then suddenly hot supper appeared. 2006 Time Out N.Y. 22 June 33/3 The sour-cream apple pie was served way too hot. f. Of clothing: made of material which retains heat in the body; that causes the wearer to become (uncomfortably) warm. ΚΠ a1500 ( J. Yonge tr. Secreta Secret. (Rawl.) (1898) 196 (MED) Yf a man wyste that a ful colde..wyntere were to cvme..he wolde Purvey hym of hote clothis, wodde, and colle. 1719 D. Defoe Life Robinson Crusoe 158 There were also several thick Watch Coats of the Seamens,..but they were too hot to wear. 1774 E. Long Hist. Jamaica II. iii. vi. 523 A sudden change from an habitual light and cool dress, to one twice as hot. 1860 All Year Round 28 July 368/2 The unhappy children [Blue-coat boys]..are compelled..to turn their skirts up and gird them in a great hot wadge about their loins. 1891 T. Hardy Tess of the D'Urbervilles I. xvii. 224 Mrs. Crick..wore a hot stuff gown in warm weather because the dairymaids wore prints. 1945 Fortune Mar. 190/2 The clothing is hot and heavy and does not always protect him from sparks and slag burns. 1981 A. Sillitoe Second Chance 57 His uniform was too hot, and he unbuttoned the tunic. g. Of manure: of a type that decomposes quickly, generating considerable heat, or (esp. in later use) of a type containing a high concentration of nitrogenous compounds. ΚΠ 1697 J. Donaldson Husbandry Anatomized (new ed.) iv. 59 Hot Manure on cold Ground, and cold Manure on Hot Ground. 1733 P. Miller Gardener's Dict. (ed. 2) at Dungs Some Dungs are hot and light, as that of Sheep, Horses, Pigeons, &c. 1798 J. Middleton View Agric. Middlesex xii. 303 The same barge being filled with stable litter, they call hot manure, and deliver it in like manner at five guineas. 1822 Amer. Farmer 3 231/2 Your committee would not recommend the immediate application of hot stable manure, to a crop of wheat. 1878 Garden 5 Jan. 10/1 Horse-manure is hot and fiery. 1955 Oakland (Calif.) Tribune 10 July m9 Manures also differ in respect to burning properties. Poultry manure is often known as a hot manure. 1995 Appeal-Democrat (Marysville–Yuba City, Calif.) 7 Oct. e2 Some nice, rotted hot manure. 2006 M. Pollan Omnivore's Dilemma xi. 210 A confined flock of chickens will eventually destroy any patch of land, by..poisoning the soil with their extremely ‘hot’, or nitrogenous, manure. 2. a. Of a person or animal: experiencing a (strong) bodily sensation of heat. Also of a corpse: †retaining heat for a short while after death (obsolete). Usually in predicative use. Cf. heat n. 1b. ΚΠ OE Christ & Satan 158 Nu ic..sceal nu þysne wites clom beoran beornende in bæce minum, hat on helle, hyhtwillan leas. c1300 St. Edmund Rich (Laud) l. 206 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 437 Þe Man was ded a luyte bi-fore and al hot ligge on bere. c1450 (c1440) S. Scrope tr. C. de Pisan Epist. of Othea (Longleat) (1904) 77 She was sore chaffede and hoote for the grete hete of the sunne. 1532 Romaunt Rose in Wks. G. Chaucer f. cxl^v/1 Thou shalte no whyle be in o state But whylom colde and whilom hate. 1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry i. f. 15 There must be heede taken, that they drinke not when they be hotte. a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) iv. iii. 74 Lords, I am hot with haste, in seeking you. View more context for this quotation 1698 tr. F. Froger Relation Voy. Coasts Afr. 10 'Tis very pleasant to drink when one is hot. 1729 E. Strother Family Compan. for Health 258 Liquor that is taken, if it be small, and more-especially if it be swallow'd cold, whilst you are hot, is apt to hurry on a Dropsy. 1766 R. Rogers Ponteach i. i. 6 'Tis Rum we want, we're tired, hot, and thirsty. 1822 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 12 434 I never felt more suffocatingly hot. 1880 A. Raleigh Way to City 105 He is weary like other men and hungry and hot. 1937 D. Thomas Let. Apr.–May (1987) 248 I've been in a nursing home with bronchitis and laryngitis or something,..all weakness and croaking and spitting and feeling hot and then cold. 2002 Time 18 Nov. 85 Do you throw them [sc. blankets] off at 2 a.m. because you're too hot and then desperately cocoon at 6 a.m. to warm up? b. Of a fever, pain, reddening of the skin, etc.: producing or accompanied by a (strong) bodily sensation of heat. Cf. hot flash n., hot flush n. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > characteristics > [adjective] > other characteristics hoteOE redeOE foulOE elvishc1386 dryc1400 whitec1450 Naples1507 shaking1528 cold1569 exquisite1583 unpure1583 waterish1583 wandering1585 legitimate1615 sulphureous1625 tetrous1637 cagastrical1662 medical1676 ambulatory1684 ebullient1684 frantic1709 animated1721 progressive1736 cagastric1753 vegetative1803 left-handed1804 specific1804 subacute1811 animate1816 gregarious1822 vernal1822 ambilateral1824 subchronic1831 regressive1845 nummular1866 postoperative1872 ambulant1873 non-surgical1888 progredient1891 spodogenous1897 spodogenic19.. non-invasive1932 early-onset1951 adult-onset1957 non-specific1964 the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > high or low temperature > [adjective] > high temperature hoteOE hyperthermal1886 hyperthermic1896 the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > high or low temperature > [adjective] > high temperature > affected with hoteOE pungent1817 hectic1819 hyperthermic1896 eOE tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (Tanner) v. iii. 394 Hwæðre eall ðæt sar & se ece ge of minum earme, þær he hattra & beornendra wæs, ge of eallum minum lichoman eall onwæg alæded wæs. OE tr. Pseudo-Apuleius Herbarium (Vitell.) (1984) 2 (table of contents) [W]ið þone hatan feofor. c1390 (?c1350) St. Paula l. 111 in C. Horstmann Sammlung Altengl. Legenden (1878) 5 (MED) Al hire bodi, hond and fote, Was taken wiþ a feuere hote. a1533 Ld. Berners tr. A. de Guevara Golden Bk. M. Aurelius (1546) sig. M.vij He was vexed with hote feuers. 1600 J. Pory tr. J. Leo Africanus Geogr. Hist. Afr. i. 52 Taken with an hot and a cold fit of an ague. 1652 N. Culpeper Eng. Physitian (new ed.) 11/1 Boyled with Vinegar and a Quince, it [sc. barley] easeth the hot pains of the Gout. 1714 J. Purcell Treat. Cholick 101 Violent Hot Pains in the Lower-Belly. 1826 Lancet 28 Jan. 595/2 This brings on, what is called, reaction, or the hot fit. 1882 Cent. Mag. 25 103/2 The girl acknowledged his salute by a hot blush. 1958 Nursing (St. John Ambulance Assoc.) xii. 151 There are three stages in a rigor... 1. The cold stage... 2. The hot stage... 3. The sweating stage. 1987 Amer. Jrnl. Nursing 87 325/3 I awoke during the night with red, hot pain in my right eye. 2002 I. Knight Don't you want Me? i. 5 He understands it, and a hot blush starts creeping up his Celtically pale face. 3. Chiefly History of Science. Designating a quality associated with heat and regarded in medieval and later times as one of the four qualities inherent in all things and characterizing the four elements (element n. 9a); having a preponderance of this quality. Cf. heat n. 5.Cf. cold adj. 6 and the note there, dry adj. 1b, moist adj. 2. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > [adjective] > having or communicating much heat > of an element, humour, etc. hotOE OE tr. Pseudo-Apuleius Herbarium (Vitell.) (1984) clviii. 200 Heo [sc. iris Illyrica] hafað trumne wyrtruman & swyþe gestencne;..h[ys ge]cynde is swiþe hat & slæ[pbæ]re. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1865) I. 53 Norþeren men, in þe whiche colde..makeþ hem fatter, gretter, and whitter and hatter with inne. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xix. xxxviii. 1299 Alle þinge wiþ smelle and odour is acounted hote amonge auctours. a1475 Bk. Quinte Essence (1889) 2 Oure quinta essencia..is not hoot and drie wiþ fier, ne coold and moist wiþ watir, ne hoot & moist with eyr, ne coold and drie wiþ erþe. 1551 W. Turner New Herball sig. A v Pontike Wormwoode is hote in the first degree and drye in the thirde. 1599 H. Buttes Dyets Dry Dinner sig. N7^v Pepper..Hurtful to hot constitutions. 1670 W. Clarke Nat. Hist. Nitre 52 It is..controverted whether Nitre be cold or hot. 1704 tr. P. Dubé Poor Man's Physician & Surgeon v. i. 111 If the Pain in the Stomach deduces its origin from a Hot and Bileous Humour..you must absolutely let blood. 1792 E. Sibly New & Compl. Illustr. Occult Sci. (new ed.) 96 When the moon, or lord of the ascendant, is posited..in any of the Signs we term hot, the native will be manly. 1889 R. Baughan Influence of Stars 12 Aries..is a hot and fiery sign, and produces a lean body. 1909 R. Kipling Rewards & Fairies (1910) 257 Between Mars and Luna, the one red, t' other white, the one hot, t' other cold,..stands..a natural antipathy. 1977 R. B. Tisserand Art of Aromatherapy ii. 35 European herbalists sometimes mixed a yin quality with a yang quality, so that a herb could be classified as hot and moist, or cold and dry. 1998 C. Mims When we Die (1999) xii. 273 The adjectives..choleric (yellow bile, hot and dry) and melancholic (black bile, cold and dry) refer to the effects of the different humours. 4. a. Of a food, drink, spice, etc.: having a taste or smell characterized by a burning sensation; pungently spicy; acrid, biting. Also of a taste or smell (occasionally in figurative contexts). ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > taste and flavour > sourness or acidity > [adjective] > pungent sharpc1000 hotc1175 poignantc1387 keen1398 angryc1400 eager?c1400 tartc1405 argutec1420 mordicative?a1425 mordificative?a1425 piperinea1425 pungitive?a1425 pikea1475 vehement1490 oversharpa1500 over-stronga1500 penetrating?1576 penetrative1578 quick1578 piercing1593 exalted1594 mordicant1603 acute1620 toothed1628 pungent1644 piquant1645 tartarous1655 mordacious1657 piperate1683 peppery1684 tartish1712 hyperoxide1816 snell1835 mordanta1845 shrill1864 piperitious1890 c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 1203 Gat..stinn-keþþ fule. & forr þi tacneþþ itt full wel Galnessess hate stinnchess. a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) i. l. 2977 (MED) Tho thoghte him colde grases goode, That whilom eet the hote spices. a1450 (?c1400) Three Kings Cologne (Royal) 77 Herbes be þe hotter and better. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VIII f. xviij The Englishemen..dranke hote wynes in the hote wether, and did eate all the hote frutes..that there fell sicke [etc.]. 1582 S. Batman Vppon Bartholome, De Proprietatibus Rerum xvii. cxxxi. f. 313^v/2 The elder Writers..set foorthe 3. kindes of peper, the long, the white, & the blacke pepper. Pepper is hot & drye in the third degree. a1616 W. Shakespeare As you like It (1623) ii. iii. 50 I neuer did apply Hot, and rebellious liquors in my bloud. View more context for this quotation 1656 T. Blount Glossographia at Laudanum It smels like wine mingled with Spices. It is hot and dry. 1714 J. Purcell Treat. Cholick 171 We may..give Hotter Remedies in this, than in any other Cholicks. 1754 J. Hill Useful Family Herbal 246 The whole Plant [sc. Peppermint] has an agreeable quick Smell, and a hot Taste like Pepper, but not disagreeable. 1804 ‘Ignotus’ Culina 133 The dish is..too hot of pepper. 1838 T. Thomson Chem. Org. Bodies 488 Camphor [has] a strong hot acrid taste. 1908 Times 30 July 3/3 Tabasco was a hot sauce. 1942 M. W. Childs I write from Washington 129 It was an issue that..gave the opposition the strong, hot taste of victory. 1968 N. S. Momaday House made of Dawn 75 He cared less for..the hot spicy odors of paste and posole. 1998 P. Chapman 1999 Good Curry Guide 471 Even hotter than a Vindaloo, comes the Sindalo, cooked with Chinese dry chillies. b. Of the palate or sense of taste: affected by such a sensation. rare. ΚΠ 1870 H. Spencer Princ. Psychol. (ed. 2) I. i. vi. 109 While the palate is still hot with a curry, an unflavoured dish seems insipid. 1996 Ottawa Citizen (Nexis) 6 Nov. e1 Fresh idi appam is a wondrous creation—cooling hot palates on its own, or soaking up the kuzhambu sauce to offer a foil to the spice. †5. Chiefly literary and poetic. Associated with heat or hot things; evocative of heat. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > [adjective] > associated with or characterized by heat hot1631 choleric1643 1631 B. Jonson Bartholmew Fayre iii. ii. 33 in Wks. II A notable hot Baker 'twas, when hee ply'd the peele. 1658 J. Jones tr. Ovid Invective against Ibis 34 Brewers, Bakers, Smiths, and such hot artificers. 1877 L. Morris Epic of Hades i. 3 Bloomy June, when..the lush banks were set With strawberries, and the hot noise of bees. 6. Founding and Metallurgy. Of metal, esp. iron: completely molten; sufficiently above the melting point to flow readily; (see also quots. 1904, 1908). Cf. hot-metal adj. and n. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > metal in specific state or form > [adjective] > molten moltenc1300 molt1373 melted1660 smelted1750 fire-flowing1820 hot1820 liquated1874 1820 London Jrnl. Arts & Sci. 1 336 The mould plate is placed in a tray..the bottom of which tray is full of holes, for the purpose of admitting water to cool the mould when the hot metal is poured in to produce the cast. 1842 T. Ewbank Descr. & Hist. Acct. Hydraul. & other Machines for Raising Water ix. 553 After a number [of lead pipes] were cast, they were united to each other in a separate mold, by pouring hot metal over the ends. 1850 F. Overman Manuf. Iron 304 A method of improving iron..is by immediately cooling the hot metal in iron moulds. 1902 G. R. Bale Mod. Iron Foundry Pract. I. x. 177 In pouring..the metal should be run ‘hot’.., for when the metal is poured ‘dull’..it is too sluggish to expel its gases. 1904 G. F. Goodchild & C. F. Tweney Technol. & Sci. Dict. 291/1 Metal of any kind is said to be ‘hot’ when it is at a temperature sufficiently high for some definite operation to be carried out. Thus a smith may say iron is hot when it is just at a welding or a forging heat. 1908 B. Stoughton Metall. Iron & Steel ii. 37 The term ‘hot iron’ has come to be synonymous in the minds of blast-furnace foremen with iron high in silicon and low in sulphur. 1956 A. C. Davies Sci. & Pract. Welding (ed. 4) i. 54 Iron silicate, which floats to the top of the molten pool as a slag and protects the hot metal from further atmospheric oxidation. 1966 J. D. Sharp Elem. Steelmaking Pract. viii. 160 Ore, if used, is normally placed directly on top of the lime, or fed to the furnace immediately after the hot metal. 1996 S. C. Black et al. Princ. Engin. Manuf. (ed. 3) ii. 21 The mould may be provided with a long neck to give a head of metal which will provide both a reservoir of hot metal and a small pressure head to help eliminate shrinkage. 7. Of a tap or faucet: that supplies hot water. Also occasionally of a pipe which carries hot water. ΚΠ 1848 Local Coll. Gateshead 90/1 The washing compartment has also two taps—one for cold water, the other for hot; but the hot tap is the same which supplies the boiler. 1894 Amer. Naturalist 28 828 I use a hand basin, the hot tap of which is left running so as to keep the water at a temperature which may be judged of by the hand. 1923 San Antonio (Texas) Express 18 Oct. 10/7 (advt.) When you turn the hot faucet in your bathroom, do you get hot water—instantly? 1985 D. Holloway Which? Bk. Plumbing & Central Heating vii. 91/3 The hot and cold pipes are connected to the taps by means of tap connectors. 2003 R. Liddle Too Beautiful for You (2004) 158 I..lock the bathroom door behind me and strip everything off and lean over and turn the hot tap in the tub on full. II. Extended uses. 8. Excited (originally with reference to the attendant increase in bodily heat). a. Of a person, action, etc.: characterized by intensity of feeling; fervent, passionate; zealous, eager, keen (also with for, on, or infinitive). Of a feeling: very intense, strong. Cf. fiery adj. 3c. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > passion > ardour or fervour > [adjective] hotOE anguishous?c1225 fire-burningc1275 burninga1340 ardentc1374 warm1390 fervent14.. fieryc1430 fired1561 feverous1576 glowinga1577 fervorous1602 ferventeda1627 tropica1631 torrid1646 fervid1656 candenta1687 ardurousa1770 tropical1795 aestuous1844 thermal1866 thermonous1888 OE Seafarer 65 Forþon me hatran sind dryhtnes dreamas þonne þis deade lif, læne on londe. OE Blickling Homilies 225 Wæs him..seo Godes lufu toðæs hat and toðæs beorht on his heortan. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 15580 Hat lufe towarrd godess hus. a1200 MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 119 (MED) Þe holi gost..maked hem hattere on soðe luue to gode and mannen. c1230 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Corpus Cambr.) (1962) 204 Tu art..bitweone twa, nowðer hat ne cald, þu makest me to wleatien & ich wulle speowe þe ut bute þu wurðe hattre. c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Royal) (1850) Apoc. iii. 15 I woot thi werkes, for nether thou art coold, nether hoot. a1413 (c1385) G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde (Pierpont Morgan) (1881) i. l. 1005 Hotter weex his loue. 1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) v. l. 834 Hardy and hat contenyt the fell melle. a1556 N. Udall Ralph Roister Doister (?1566) i. i. sig. A.iij In all the hotte haste must she be hys wife. 1573 G. Harvey Let.-bk. (1884) 14 I..was then whottist at mi book when the rest were hardist at their cards. c1620 A. Hume Of Orthogr. Britan Tongue (1870) i. vii. §8 Ther rease..a hoat disputation betuene him and me. 1667 S. Pepys Diary 12 July (1974) VIII. 332 The Duke of York..is hot for it. 1716 D. Ryder Diary 15 Aug. (1939) (modernized text) 296 Brother William is very hot upon it and would fain have it done out of hand. 1720 A. Pope tr. Homer Iliad VI. xxiii. l. 446 Hot for Fame, and Conquest all their Care. 1781 S. Johnson Pope in Pref. Wks. Eng. Poets VII. 36 Her desires were too hot for delay. 1844 B. Disraeli Coningsby III. vi. ii. 12 In the days of his hot youth. a1877 A. C. Swinburne Lesbia Brandon (1952) iii. 75 He was always rather hot upon that song. 1897 Bookman Jan. 119/1 He was..a hot patriot in '70. 1934 J. M. Cain Postman always rings Twice vi. 52 He was all hot to show me something. 1960 S. Kauffmann If it be Love ii. i. 121 He's very hot on the Babbage Square move. He thinks it's a good idea. 2007 San Francisco Chron. (Nexis) 2 May e3 All this hot enthusiasm for healing the planet..and developing the self? Came from the hippies. b. Characterized by anger or hatred; angry, furious. Also: bad-tempered, quick to anger; = fiery adj. 3d. Cf. hot-tempered adj. (b) at Compounds 3, hot-headed adj. 1. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > anger > [adjective] irrec825 gramec893 wemodc897 wrothc950 bolghenc1000 gramelyc1000 hotOE on fireOE brathc1175 moodyc1175 to-bollenc1175 wrethfulc1175 wraw?c1225 agrameda1300 wrathfula1300 agremedc1300 hastivec1300 irousa1340 wretheda1340 aniredc1350 felonc1374 angryc1380 upreareda1382 jealous1382 crousea1400 grieveda1400 irefula1400 mada1400 teena1400 wraweda1400 wretthy14.. angryc1405 errevousa1420 wrothy1422 angereda1425 passionatec1425 fumous1430 tangylc1440 heavy1452 fire angry1490 wrothsomea1529 angerful?1533 wrothful?1534 wrath1535 provoked1538 warm1547 vibrant1575 chauffe1582 fuming1582 enfeloned1596 incensed1597 choleric1598 inflameda1600 raiseda1600 exasperate1601 angried1609 exasperated1611 dispassionate1635 bristlinga1639 peltish1648 sultry1671 on (also upon) the high ropes (also rope)1672 nangry1681 ugly1687 sorea1694 glimflashy1699 enraged1732 spunky1809 cholerous1822 kwaai1827 wrathy1828 angersome1834 outraged1836 irate1838 vex1843 raring1845 waxy1853 stiff1856 scotty1867 bristly1872 hot under the collar1879 black angry1894 spitfire1894 passionful1901 ignorant1913 hairy1914 snaky1919 steamed1923 uptight1934 broigus1937 lemony1941 ripped1941 pissed1943 crooked1945 teed off1955 ticked off1959 ripe1966 torqued1967 bummed1970 the world > action or operation > manner of action > violent action or operation > [adjective] retheeOE hotOE strongOE woodlyc1000 un-i-rideOE stoura1122 brathc1175 unridec1175 unrudec1225 starklyc1275 toughc1275 wood1297 ragec1330 unrekena1350 biga1375 furialc1386 outrageousc1390 savagea1393 violenta1393 bremelya1400 snarta1400 wrothlya1400 fightingc1400 runishc1400 dour?a1425 derfc1440 churlousa1450 roida1450 fervent1465 churlish1477 orgulous1483 felona1500 brathfula1522 brathlya1525 fanatic1533 furious1535 boisterous1544 blusterous1548 ungentle1551 sore1563 full-mouthed1594 savage wild1595 Herculean1602 shrill1608 robustious1612 efferous1614 thundering1618 churly1620 ferocient1655 turbulent1656 efferate1684 knock-me-down1760 haggard-wild1786 ensanguined1806 rammish1807 fulminatory1820 riproarious1830 natural1832 survigrous1835 sabre-toothed1849 cataclysmal1861 thunderous1874 fierce1912 cataractal1926 the mind > emotion > anger > irascibility > [adjective] > irascible (of person) hotOE wooda1250 hastivec1300 irous1303 hastya1350 angrya1387 melancholiousa1393 quicka1400 irefulc1400 melancholyc1450 turnec1480 iracundiousa1492 passionatea1500 fumish1523 irascible1530 wrothful1535 fierya1540 warm1547 choleric1556 hot at hand1558 waspish1566 incensive1570 bilious1571 splenative1593 hot-livered1599 short1599 spitfire1600 warm-tempered1605 temperless1614 sulphurous1616 angryable1662 huffy1680 hastish1749 peppery1778 quick-tempered1792 inflammable1800 hair-triggered1806 gingery1807 spunky1809 iracund1821 irascid1823 wrathy1828 frenzy1859 gunpowdery1868 gunpowderous1870 tempersome1875 exacerbescent1889 tempery1905 lightningy1906 temperish1925 short-fused1979 OE Beowulf (2008) 2296 Hordweard sohte georne æfter grunde, wolde guman findan, þone þe him on sweofote sare geteode; hat ond hreohmod hlæwum [read hlæw] oft ymbehwearf. c1225 (?c1200) St. Katherine (Bodl.) (1981) l. 774 (MED) He..het on hat heorte unhendeliche neomen hire. c1300 (?c1225) King Horn (Laud) (1901) l. 624 (MED) Þe sarazin so he smot Þat al hys blod was hot. a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) vii. l. 1887 Whan he was hotest in his ire. ?c1450 tr. Bk. Knight of La Tour Landry (1906) 19 (MED) The eldest chidde with the knight that plaied with her, and gaue hym angri, hasti, and hote langage. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Gen. xxxi. E What haue I trespased or offended, y^t thou art so whote vpon me? 1588 A. Munday tr. Palmerin D'Oliua i. xxxi. sig. L5 Heerewith the Trompets sounded, and the Heraldes commaunded the Champions to doo their deuoire, which was the cause, that these hotte words were chaunged into deedes. a1616 W. Shakespeare Comedy of Errors (1623) i. ii. 47 She is so hot because the meate is colde. View more context for this quotation 1684 J. Bunyan Pilgrim's Progress 2nd Pt. 127 Come man be not so hot, here is none but Friends. View more context for this quotation 1733 C. Johnson Cælia v. 58 After some hot Words, and Blows receiv'd and given, they fought in the Temple-Garden. 1785 W. Cowper Task ii. 179 God proclaims His hot displeasure. 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. vi. 113 Men of hot temper and strong prejudices. a1863 W. M. Thackeray Denis Duval (1869) i He had parted, after some hot words..from his mother. 1877 M. Oliphant Makers of Florence (ed. 2) i. 23 Donati was a hot and arrogant noble. 1935 Times 22 Aug. 11/3 Hot exchanges occurred to-day..at the International Penal and Penitentiary Congress. 1977 Audubon Jan. 48/1 Southerners became increasingly hot about shortstopping on the northern refuges and took their complaints to the Mississippi Flyway Council. 1999 Mirror (Nexis) 29 May 14 He always had a hot temper—he'd have caused a fight in an empty house. c. Full of or characterized by sexual desire, lustful; sexually aroused; (of an animal) in heat (cf. heat n. 13). Also of written or visual material: sexually explicit, licentious. In later use chiefly colloquial. to be hot for: to desire (a person) sexually. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sexual relations > sexual desire > [adjective] > full of sexual desire fire-hotOE hot?a1300 venereal?a1475 warm1897 hot pants1927 sexed-up1933 supersexual1961 the world > animals > animal body > general parts > sexual organs and reproduction > [adjective] > relating to mating > in specific reproductive phase hot?a1300 rutey timec1400 jolly1535 proud1575 rutting1575 rank1600 musth1839 oestrual1857 oestral1877 diœstrous1900 oestrous1900 polyoestrous1900 society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > moral or spiritual impurity > indecency > [adjective] > lewd, bawdy, or obscene lewdc1386 filthy?c1400 knavishc1405 sensual?a1425 ribaldousc1440 dishonestc1450 bawdya1513 ribald?a1513 ribaldious?1518 slovenly?1518 ribaldry1519 priapish1531 ribaldish?1533 filthous1551 ribaldly1570 obscene1571 bawdisha1586 obscenous1591 greasy1598 dirty1599 fulsome1600 spurcitious1658 lasciviating1660 smutty1668 bawdry1764 ribaldric1796 un-Quakerlike1824 fat1836 ithyphallic1856 hot1892 rorty1898 rude1919 bitchy1928 feelthy1930 raunchy1943 ranchy1959 down and dirty1969 steamy1970 sleazo1972 ?a1300 Maximian (Digby) l. 79 in C. Brown Eng. Lyrics 13th Cent. (1932) 94 (MED) Ich wes hot and am kold. c1405 (c1387–95) G. Chaucer Canterbury Tales Prol. (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 628 And hoot he was and lecherous as a Sparwe. ?c1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (Paris) (1971) 527 (MED) Þogh he were froted and made hote wiþ alle þynges þat maken hote and exciten..And bydde he þat þai lye togidre by some dayes..and make he ham hote. ?c1510 tr. Newe Landes & People founde by Kynge of Portyngale sig. Aii^v The wymen be very hoote and dysposed to lecherdnes. a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 40 Thair cwmis ȝoung monkis..And in the courte thair hait flesche dantis. a1616 W. Shakespeare Othello (1622) iii. iii. 408 Were they as prime as Goates, as hot as Monkies. View more context for this quotation 1668 T. Jordan Money is Asse iv. i. 26 Why doth the Devil feed with liquorish meats, spiritful Wine, high pride, hot lechery, and feathered ease, those that he means to damn. 1718 N. Amhurst Strephon's Revenge 11 While leering she observes his sparkling Eyes, Drunk with hot Lust. 1797 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 87 199 I took a female rabbit, hot, (as the feeders term it) that is, ready to be impregnated. 1826 Lancet 22 July 527/1 I brought..a male pointer to a hot poodle bitch. 1892 E. J. Milliken 'Arry Ballads 37 As most of our plays are now cribbed from the French, wy they're all pooty 'ot. 1908 Daily Chron. 22 June 6/5 Publishing firms..discovered that money was to be made out of what they called ‘the hot novel’. 1935 J. T. Farrell Judgment Day i. 17 Are you getting hot for your old lady? 1961 C. Russell & W. M. S. Russell Human Behaviour 42 An ovulating, or oestrous female, may be described as ‘hot’. 1985 Music Week 2 Feb. (Advt. Suppl.) 4 No ‘hot’ videos required. 2002 Out Sept. 75/2 Bridges feels perfectly free to bring dates to Alpha Sig parties, to tell his brothers all about the guys he's hot for. d. slang. Drunk, tipsy. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > thirst > excess in drinking > [adjective] > drunk fordrunkenc897 drunkena1050 cup-shottenc1330 drunka1400 inebriate1497 overseenc1500 liquor1509 fou1535 nase?1536 full1554 intoxicate1554 tippled1564 intoxicated1576 pepst1577 overflown1579 whip-cat1582 pottical1586 cup-shota1593 fox-drunk1592 lion-drunk1592 nappy1592 sack-sopped1593 in drink1598 disguiseda1600 drink-drowned1600 daggeda1605 pot-shotten1604 tap-shackled1604 high1607 bumpsy1611 foxed1611 in one's cups1611 liquored1611 love-pot1611 pot-sick1611 whift1611 owl-eyed1613 fapa1616 hota1616 inebriated1615 reeling ripea1616 in one's (or the) pots1618 scratched1622 high-flown?1624 pot-shot1627 temulentive1628 ebrious1629 temulent1629 jug-bitten1630 pot-shaken1630 toxed1635 bene-bowsiea1637 swilled1637 paid1638 soaken1651 temulentious1652 flagonal1653 fuddled1656 cut1673 nazzy1673 concerned1678 whittled1694 suckey1699 well-oiled1701 tippeda1708 tow-row1709 wet1709 swash1711 strut1718 cocked1737 cockeyed1737 jagged1737 moon-eyed1737 rocky1737 soaked1737 soft1737 stewed1737 stiff1737 muckibus1756 groggy1770 muzzeda1788 muzzya1795 slewed1801 lumpy1810 lushy1811 pissed1812 blue1813 lush1819 malty1819 sprung1821 three sheets in the wind1821 obfuscated1822 moppy1823 ripe1823 mixed1825 queer1826 rosined1828 shot in the neck1830 tight1830 rummy1834 inebrious1837 mizzled1840 obflisticated1840 grogged1842 pickled1842 swizzled1843 hit under the wing1844 obfusticatedc1844 ebriate1847 pixilated1848 boozed1850 ploughed1853 squiffy?1855 buffy1858 elephant trunk1859 scammered1859 gassed1863 fly-blown1864 rotten1864 shot1864 ebriose1871 shicker1872 parlatic1877 miraculous1879 under the influence1879 ginned1881 shickered1883 boiled1886 mosy1887 to be loaded for bear(s)1888 squiffeda1890 loaded1890 oversparred1890 sozzled1892 tanked1893 orey-eyed1895 up the (also a) pole1897 woozy1897 toxic1899 polluted1900 lit-up1902 on (also upon) one's ear1903 pie-eyed1903 pifflicated1905 piped1906 spiflicated1906 jingled1908 skimished1908 tin hat1909 canned1910 pipped1911 lit1912 peloothered1914 molo1916 shick1916 zigzag1916 blotto1917 oiled-up1918 stung1919 stunned1919 bottled1922 potted1922 rotto1922 puggled1923 puggle1925 fried1926 crocked1927 fluthered1927 lubricated1927 whiffled1927 liquefied1928 steamed1929 mirackc1930 overshot1931 swacked1932 looped1934 stocious1937 whistled1938 sauced1939 mashed1942 plonked1943 stone1945 juiced1946 buzzed1952 jazzed1955 schnockered1955 honkers1957 skunked1958 bombed1959 zonked1959 bevvied1960 mokus1960 snockered1961 plotzed1962 over the limit1966 the worse for wear1966 wasted1968 wired1970 zoned1971 blasted1972 Brahms and Liszt?1972 funked up1976 trousered1977 motherless1980 tired and emotional1981 ratted1982 rat-arsed1984 wazzed1990 mullered1993 twatted1993 bollocksed1994 lashed1996 a1616 [implied in: W. Shakespeare Tempest (1623) iv. i. 171 I told you Sir, they were red-hot with drinking. View more context for this quotation]. 1621 H. Finch Calling of Iewes 132 Maketh them..to sing and make a noyse to the honour and praise of God, as if they were hot with wine. 1711 J. Swift Jrnl. to Stella 23 Sept. (1948) I. 366 [I] am glad I am in bed; for else I should sit up till two, and drink till I was hot. 1724 ‘C. Johnson’ Gen. Hist. Pyrates (ed. 2) iii. 89 Rum all out... So I look'd sharp for a Prize;—such a Day took one, with a great deal of Liquor on Board, so kept the Company hot, damned hot, then all Things went well again. 1845 W. C. Taylor Man. Anc. & Mod. Hist. (rev. ed.) x. 125 The most licentious of the tyrants were invited to a feast; and when they were hot with wine, the conspirators entered..,and slew them in the midst of their debauchery. 1856 B. H. Hall Coll. College Words (rev. ed.) 461 A few of the various words and phrases..to signify some stage of inebriated: Over the bay, half seas over, hot, high, corned,..[etc.]. 1971 T. O. McCartney Neuroses in Sun 126 We would..[drink] quite a few bottles before setting off. The idea was to arrive ‘half hot’ and feeling good. 1988 L. Millman Wrong-handed Man 34 His cousin Willy got hotter than a skunk on it and had a vision of the Holy Family. 9. Characterized by intense activity or danger; difficult or awkward to deal with. a. Intense, extreme, acute; severe, raging; frenetic. Originally and chiefly: spec. characterized by intense suffering, discomfort, or danger, esp. with reference (in early use) to disease or famine or (later) of fighting, battle, etc. (cf. heat n. 12a). ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > manner of action > vigour or energy > [adjective] > of action: involving or requiring vigour > carried out or proceeding with vigour > in which intense action goes on warm1726 hot1845 sultry1880 OE Phoenix 613 Ne bið him on þam wicum wiht to sorge, wroht ne weþel ne gewindagas, hungor se hata ne se hearde þurst. OE Guthlac B 979 Wæs seo adl þearl, hat ond heorogrim. a1250 Wohunge ure Lauerd in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 277 (MED) Þu..þoledes for wone of mete moni hat hungre. c1390 in C. Horstmann Minor Poems Vernon MS (1892) i. 347 (MED) Heo beoþ grete foles..Þat makeþ þe pyne more And hattore þen hit is. a1450 (?a1349) in H. E. Allen Eng. Writings R. Rolle (1931) 44 (MED) If I lufe any erthly thyng..I mai drede of partyng, þat wyll be hate and yll. a1450 (c1412) T. Hoccleve De Regimine Principum (Harl. 4866) (1897) l. 1010 (MED) This artificers..In þe hotteste of al hir bysynesse..make game and play. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 9377 Hongur full hote harmyt hom þen. 1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. John 21 b The feast was at the hottest. 1581 G. Pettie tr. S. Guazzo Ciuile Conuersat. (1586) i. 7 Vices, which began to growe hot in the Cities. 1590 J. Smythe Certain Disc. Weapons 19 Great skirmishes and encounters that have been verie hot. 1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage 587 The Plague is sometime so hotte at Cairo, that there die twelve thousand Persons dayly. 1683 A. Wood Life & Times (1894) III. 67 Small pox hot and frequent in Oxon. 1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 80. ⁋9 The Fire of Bombs and Grenades..was so hot, that the Enemy quitted their Post. 1722 D. Defoe Jrnl. Plague Year 141 The Plague grows hot in the City. 1785 R. Cumberland Nat. Son i. 8 Cautiously to engage in any work of intense hot thinking. 1845 S. Austin tr. L. von Ranke Hist. Reformation in Germany (ed. 2) I. 381 In the hottest of the fight. 1886 Punch 29 May 261/1 The race is at its hottest, and the cry is, ‘Here they come!’. 1914 D. Haig Diary 14 Sept. in War Diaries & Lett. 1914–18 (2005) 70 The 3rd Division..had come under hot shell fire just west of Chavonne. 1992 A. W. Eckert Sorrow in our Heart viii. 478 The Legionnaire foot soldiers raced into the timber with fixed bayonets, where a very hot fight ensued. 1999 K. Sivenius tr. P. Falk & P. Mäenpää Hitting Jackpot iv. 45 The money-making boom was at its hottest just before the stock market crash in October 1987, and yet not hot enough to sweep the Lotto winners along. b. Of a position, place, or situation: difficult, uncomfortable, or dangerous. Cf. hot seat n. 2, hot spot n. 1a.Also with for, esp. in to be too hot for, to make (a place, situation, etc.) too hot for. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > difficulty > of difficulty: beset (a person) [verb (transitive)] > put (a person) in difficulty mire?c1400 to make (a place, situation, etc.) too hot for1582 difficult1641 to wind (oneself) a (bonny) pirn1660 swamp1818 to be rough on1860 taigle1865 soup1895 hot1920 to hot up1927 1582 S. Gosson Playes Confuted sig. A5 Diuers iollie sifters in these dayes can..within their owne walles make dishecloutes of writers, whose sight would be too hot for their presence if they mighte ioyne. 1600 R. Kittowe Loues Load-starre sig. B Fearing their owne Country would proue too hot for their rebellious hearts: Others became Gally-slaues, Rouers and Pyrates at sea. 1619 E. M. Bolton tr. Florus Rom. Hist. iv. xii. 481 Cæsar Augustus thought good to make that practice too hot for them. 1661 E. Hickeringill Jamaica 43 'Ere they make the Island too hot for the English. 1704 Boston News-let. 24 July 2/2 Letters from S. Carolina acquaint us that..Capt. Williams first Sail'd and came up with a Spanish Ship from old Spain of 20 Guns and 16 Patteraroes; after some Debate boarded her, but found her very hot. 1735 H. Fielding Universal Gallant ii. 21 She is too cautious. If I was in her Case, I'd make the House too hot for him. c1771 S. Foote Maid of Bath i. 4 The share he had in your honors intrigue..soon made this city too hot for poor Ned. 1877 Spirit of Times 24 Nov. 440/3 Boys, here's that tenderfoot from The Spirit, make it hot for him. 1892 Daily News 15 Feb. 6/2 I have seen many roaring camps; they are hot places, when men lose their money at the gambling-tables and when the bullets begin to fly about. 1896 Tablet 22 Feb. 291 We got into as hot a corner as a lot of men ever got into. 1950 Times 9 Oct. 2/3 If by some modern method a continental Power was able to get possession of Ireland, Britain would be in a hot position. 1968 Globe & Mail (Toronto) 3 Feb. 10/1 Pinpointing hot areas of action, north to south, as cited in Vietnam war reports yesterday. 1999 T. Harnden Bandit Country (2000) viii. 302 [An] Official IRA member..from Belfast who had fled to the border because things had got too hot. c. Of a subject, issue, etc.: topical, widely discussed; controversial, contentious. ΚΠ 1856 Milwaukee (Wisconsin) Daily Sentinel 17 Jan. [He] was to lecture at the Tabernacle..‘On the duty of the North towards Slavery.’ A cold time for a hot subject, so I did not go. 1899 Galveston (Texas) Daily News 20 Aug. 5/1 The anti-rebate law continues to be a hot topic among the railroads and the public generally. 1924 Trans. Grotius Soc. 10 33 That became a very hot subject in the early days, so much so that one senator went throughout the United States lecturing all over the country against it. 1931 H. Reichenbach Phantom Fame 105 It took three weeks [of clever publicity] to make ‘Three Weeks’ the hottest book in the government mail bags. The Post Office Department began to receive protests against the book from all parts of the country. 1966 Times 16 Mar. 8/5 Take immigration, for example. Dr Davies say that this ‘is a very hot issue in Birmingham.’ 2008 Guardian 27 Mar. (Sport section) 4/1 Respect: it's so hot right now. Before England's friendly against France all the talk..was of respect and little else. d. Sport. Of a ball: hit, thrown, or kicked hard, and so difficult for an opposing player to deal with. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > baseball > [adjective] > movement of ball hot1865 curved1870 fast-breaking1893 roundhouse1897 seeing eye1950 1865 in E. J. Nichols Hist. Dict. Baseball Terminol. (Ph.D. thesis, Pennsylvania State Coll.) (1939) 35 Hot one. 1867 Ball Players' Chron. 6 June 3/4 The hot one he sent to pitcher. 1882 C. F. Pardon Australians in Eng. 37 Lockwood gave Murdoch a hot chance at point. 1886 F. H. Burnett Little Ld. Fauntleroy (1887) vi. 122 He..gave a dramatic description of a wonderful ‘hot ball’ he had seen caught. 1910 Times 7 Nov. 22/5 Hopewell, who was tested by several very hot shots, never looked like being beaten. 1917 C. Mathewson Second Base Sloan 125 The players..had not handled a ball since the summer before and the ‘hot ones’ made them wince and yell. 1993 D. Coyle Hardball v. viii. 279 Otis made a rare Little League play—fielding a hot grounder at third and throwing out the batter. e. slang. (a) Of stolen property: easily identifiable and so difficult to dispose of; (hence) stolen. Also of a person: wanted by the police. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > stolen goods > [adjective] hot1873 1873 A. Trollope Eustace Diamonds II. lvii. 46 That there was nothing ‘too hot or too heavy’, for Messrs Harter and Benjamin [sc. a firm of jewellers] was quite a creed with the police of the West-end of London. 1925 Collier's 8 Aug. 30/2 Stolen bonds are ‘hot paper’; stolen diamonds ‘hot ice’. 1928 Amer. Mercury May 80/1 The old time peter-mobs..often referred to being hot. ‘He came out of K.C. hot from that P.O. blast.’ 1955 J. Thompson After Dark, my Sweet xiii. 83 A guy that bought hot cars and wrecked them for their parts. 1958 ‘A. Gilbert’ Death against Clock 70 It [sc. a stolen brooch] was too hot to touch at present. 1973 P. Moyes Curious Affair of Third Dog xv. 207 Griselda was ‘hot’. Griselda had to disappear. 2004 M. Sutton in R. H. Burke Hard Cop, Soft Cop ix. 135 Thieves know they can get more drugs if they buy with cash, having first sold their stolen booty, rather than taking the hot goods to their drug dealer. (b) Originally U.S. Of a cheque: that will not be honoured, worthless. Of money: counterfeit, forged. ΚΠ 1921 Ada (Okla.) Evening News 21 Aug. 1/1 [He] was brought back here to answer to charges of leaving behind him a handful of hot checks. 1948 Credit World May 19/2 There are enough [checks] of the ‘hot’ type to warrant caution. 1976 Scotsman 20 Nov. 7/8 He exchanged £400 of the ‘hot’ money for good money in a bar. 1992 J. Lehrer Bus of my Own (1993) iv. 68 We would have probably gone to jail for writing hot checks. 2006 Hamilton (Ont.) Spectator (Nexis) 15 Aug. a4 When it comes to counterfeit money, the last hand holding the hot bill is usually the one that gets burned. f. Of plaster: containing unreacted alkali. ΚΠ 1883 in E. Spon Workshop Receipts 2nd Ser. 252/2 If the ceiling is ‘hot’—i.e. porous, and soaks in the moisture very quickly. 1950 Cochocton (Ohio) Tribune 11 July 8/1 (advt.) Lost—Labor and material on living room wall paint because of hot plaster. Don't chance this same loss—use our ‘Hot Plaster Sealer’. 1982 M. W. Litchfield Renovation 457/1 Plaster must be well cured before you put anything—paint or wall coverings—over it... ‘Hot plaster’ has a dull appearance; cured, it has a slight sheen. g. slang (originally U.S.). Associated with or affected by a strike or other labour dispute. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > working > labour relations > [adjective] > associated with or affected by dispute hot1901 1901 Denver Republican 19 Aug. 1/1 (headline) Non~union men invading ‘hot’ section. 1940 F. Riesenberg Golden Gate 312 Docks had become dangerously congested, for the teamsters joined with the I.L.A., refusing to haul ‘hot cargo’. 1947 Seafarers Log 25 Apr. 13/2 Officers would no longer go through a picket line to move a hot ship. 2005 Our Times (Canada) Sept. 10/3 This was after the B.C. Federation of Labour declared Telus ads in the Sun and Province newspapers as hot. The term ‘hot cargo’—or, in this case, hot advertising—refers to goods or products that come from a place of employment where a strike is in progress. h. colloquial. Electrically connected or charged; turned on; live; esp. electrically charged to a dangerous level; electrified. Cf. sense A. 12d.Recorded earliest in hot seat n. 1. Cf. also hot chair n., hot squat n. at Compounds 3. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > voltage > [adjective] > at a high voltage high tension1847 hot1925 1925 Waterloo (Iowa) Evening Courier 18 May 1/6 Back in his cell his manner seemed as composed as ever. ‘I will never die in the hot seat. I have friends who will save me,’ he told his jailer. 1929 Amer. Speech 5 48 Hot, [of a radio] to be at a high potential. 1937 L. Lewis Radio Dict. in Printers' Ink Monthly Apr. 54/2 Hot mike, a microphone in which the current is flowing. A live microphone. 1938 W. W. Haines High Tension 226 These tracks are eleven thousand volts; hot enough to melt the gold in your teeth. We don't try to work 'em hot. 1967 E. Shepard Doom Pussy 58 He crooned into the hot mike. 2002 Weekly Times (Austral.) (Nexis) 13 Nov. 45 Cattle learn very quickly with a hot fence. i. colloquial. Radioactive; esp. so radioactive as to be dangerous; (of a laboratory) designed for the safe handling of highly radioactive material. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > atomic nucleus > radioactivity > [adjective] > high, to point of danger hot1942 high-level1947 1942 E. C. Pollard & W. L. Davidson Appl. Nucl. Physics vii. 139 Almost all the ‘hot’ sodium was in the form of NaOH. 1945 H. D. Smyth Gen. Acct. Devel. Atomic Energy Mil. Purposes viii. 84 Later a ‘hot laboratory’, i.e., a laboratory for remotely-controlled work on highly radioactive material, was provided. 1958 H. Etherington Nucl. Engin. Handbk. vii. 48 The building arrangement should be such that one cannot pass from a hot to a ‘cold’ area without going through a clothing-change facility. 1964 M. Gowing Brit. & Atomic Energy 1939–45 x. 286 The new laboratories at Chalk River..included a ‘hot’ laboratory for remote handling. 1998 Chicago Tribune 22 Oct. i. 8/4 Although Hanford is working to eradicate its ‘hot’ insects, officials said the radioactivity the pests carry is slight and no threat to neighboring communities. 10. a. That has not had time to become cool or stale; that has just occurred; fresh, recent. Also of a person: just arrived or fresh (from doing something). Also with from. ΘΚΠ the world > time > relative time > the future or time to come > newness or novelty > recency > [adjective] neweOE fresha1398 hot?a1400 novel1405 recent?a1425 lately1581 neoterical1588 neoteric1596 ?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) (1996) i. l. 8513 With þe dome alle hote, Hengist hede of he smote. ?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) ii. 63 (MED) His vengeance is ȝit hote. a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1960) xiii. iv. 45 Turnus be his hait and recent ded [= death] Had wyth hys blude littit the grund all red. 1623 W. Shakespeare & J. Fletcher Henry VIII v. i. 177 Now, while 'tis hot, Ile put it to the issue. View more context for this quotation 1656 B. Harris tr. J. N. de Parival Hist. Iron Age ii. ii. iv. 240 Which murther being discovered, whilest it was hot, made the Citizens take Arms. 1741 S. Richardson Pamela IV. lvi. 359 It may be doubted..concerning Whipping, when..it should be done; whether presently, upon the committing the Fault, whilst it is yet fresh and hot. 1808 J. Austen Let. (1932) 193 Eliz. & Louisa, hot from Mrs. Baskerville's Shop, walked in. 1843 Ainsworth's Mag. 4 176 A large bundle of the latest fiddlededees of ladies' rattletraps hot from London. 1887 H. Caine Deemster II. xxii. 146 The horrible thought that he..was going, hot and unprepared, to an everlasting hell. 1938 Fortune Sept. 29 (advt.) My Dictaphone takes down ideas while they're hot. 1978 Guardian Weekly 23 July 6 Hot from their discussions on how to save the world from an energy crisis, the six summiteers repaired to the 14th century Gymnich Castle, near Bonn, for dinner. 1997 I. Sinclair Lights out for Territory (1998) 130 This latest village hustler, hot from the sticks in a cloud of big city paranoia. b. Of news or information: arriving soon after the event, fresh; novel, exciting, sensational. Cf. hot off the press at Phrases 8. Now chiefly Journalism. ΘΚΠ society > communication > information > news or tidings > [adjective] > of news: sensational, striking, etc. hot1569 gory1875 1569 L. Chapman Let. 28 Apr. in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (1599) I. 390 The hot newes, that Ormuz way was shut vp by occasion that the Indians do warre against them. 1631 T. Dekker Match mee in London iii. 45 I haue hotter newes for you, Your Fathers head lies here. 1681 Tryal William Viscount Stafford 173 This was about a fortnight after the News was hot in our Country. 1722 W. Hamilton Life of Sir William Wallace xii. v. 349 News came reeking hot, Of all the Victories that Wallace got. 1897 Cedar Rapids (Iowa) Evening Gaz. 12 Nov. 4/3 At three o'clock or a little after, the stenographers, typewriters and type machines quickly prepare for The Gazette all the afternoon proceedings up to that minute. That is hot news. 1906 Daily Times-Tribune (Waterloo, Iowa) 1 Feb. 2/3 He is a type of the newspaper correspondent who is ever on the alert for ‘hot’ stories. 1914 Daily Express 30 Sept. 4/5 ‘Hot news’..must be provided for the people, and thus we learn from the Vienna ‘Abendblatt’ that General French is a prisoner. 1945 A. Koestler Twilight Bar i. 34 News? You bet it is news... Hot? You bet it is hot. 1998 Yachts & Yachting 21 Aug. 1/3 Sue Pelling with all the hot gossip from the dinghy park, including Marauder news, happy Hobie kids and GPs to South Africa. 2007 Irish Independent (Nexis) 13 Mar. Hot from the exclusive celebrity news-wire available only to an elite journalistic few. c. British. Of a Treasury bill: newly issued. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > money > circulation of money > [adjective] > newly issued hot1922 1922 Times 7 Nov. 18/5 Plenty of sellers of ‘hot’ Treasuries at 2⅜ per cent and over. 1928 Evening News 18 Aug. 11/6 The hot Treasuries were offered at 4 3-16 per cent., without finding buyers. 1959 Times 15 Sept. 17/5 ‘Hot’ bills were again sold to the clearing banks. 1987 B. Shegar in M. Usman et al. Discount Market 78 ‘Hot’ treasury Bills refers to those bills which have been in issue for less than 7 days. 11. a. Hunting. Of a scent or trail: very strong and fresh, intense. Also in extended use. Cf. cold adj. 12a, warm adj. 5. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > smell and odour > [adjective] > descriptive of odours stithc1000 violenta1398 hot1595 valiant1607 warm1720 gamey1820 weak1854 blazing1875 the world > food and drink > hunting > thing hunted or game > [adjective] > scent scentinga1547 hot1595 1595 G. Markham Gentlemans Acad. f. 37 By reason of his [sc. a buck's] lazinesse and toile, the scent is very strong and hote, and easily entreth the noses of the dogges which maruellously incourageth them to his death. 1650 J. Milton Tenure of Kings (ed. 2) 60 Hungrie Church-wolves..following the hot sent of double Livings. 1709 Ld. Shaftesbury Moralists ii. v. 143 He told us..on how many Partys he had been ingag'd, with a sort of People who were always on the hot Scent of some new Prodigy or Apparition, some upstart Revelation or Prophecy. 1750 J. S. Gardiner Art & Pleasures of Hare-hunting v. 40 The Scent lying hotter, and encreasing. 1875 W. S. Hayward Love against World 5 He could halloo them off the hottest scent that ever lay on Warwickshire grass. 1879 A. W. Tourgée Fool's Errand xliv. 326 A pack of hounds running on a hot trail. 1955 Times 21 June 9/4 Such spotters [i.e. spotter planes] can ask for..‘bulldozer’ rights for a patrol on a hot scent to pass through the areas of other units without being shot in error. 2002 Virginian-Pilot (Norfolk, Va.) (Nexis) 23 Nov. b1 By the sound of the dogs, the hunters knew the trail was hot. b. In predicative use. Of a participant in a children's seeking or guessing game: extremely close to finding the object sought or to guessing correctly. Also in extended use. Cf. cold adj. 12b, warm adj. 6. ΚΠ 1852 Househ. Words 20 Nov. 254/1 To use the technical language of the game of ‘hide and seek’, if you should be looking for it..between Fleet Street and the Thames, you would be ‘warm’; near the Times printing-office you would be decidedly ‘hot’. 1876 ‘M. Twain’ Adventures Tom Sawyer ix. 88 Now they're stuck. Can't find it. Here they come again. Now they're hot. Cold again. 1882 Cassell's Bk. In-door Amusem. (ed. 2) 29 The progress of the player is usually announced by assuring him that he is ‘very cold’, ‘cold’, ‘warmer’, ‘warm’, ‘hot’, ‘very hot’, or ‘burning’, according as he is far from or near to the article to be discovered. 1899 E. W. Hornung Amateur Cracksman 252 ‘Not there, not there,’ said Raffles; ‘but you're getting hot. Try the cartridges.’ 1931 Times Lit. Suppl. 29 Oct. 832/4 He needs it [sc. personality] to act quickly and effectively when an appliance fails, or when an investigator gets ‘hot’. 1959 A. Polonsky Season of Fear vii. 67 There was a childhood game in which he and the others fumbled through a houseful of rooms searching for a concealed object while the voice of the knower cried out: Cold, colder, warm, hotter, cold! Very warm, warmer, hotter, very hot, boiling! 2004 Evening Chron. (Newcastle) (Nexis) 27 Aug. 25 ‘I don't know where it is’, I tell him, helplessly waving my hands over the engine. ‘Am I hot or cold?’... ‘You're quite close there’, says Mark eventually. 12. Characterized by intensity or energy, in a positive or neutral sense (cf. sense A. 9); exciting, fast, successful, etc. a. Of a colour: intense, vivid, bright. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > quality of colour > [adjective] > vivid or bright brightOE skirea1400 livelyc1425 quickc1425 freshlyc1426 flamingc1450 vive1591 florid1642 vivid1665 hot1673 living1699 aurorean1880 vibrant1971 1673 J. Arrowsmith Reformation iv. ii. 56 Next he approaches and knows I am a wit by the chosing of my ribbons, and rails at the poor Country Madam, for making him sweat in Summer with her hot colours. 1738 J. F. Fritsch tr. G. de Lairesse Art of Painting v. xxii. 252 They may not appear like a painted Board, Cloth or Flat, but a natural Window or Door through which the Life is really seen: Which cannot be effected by the Force of warm Shades or hot Colours, but by the retiring and tender ones. 1799 W. Thomson Enq. Elem. Princ. Beauty 167 The Macao parrot..has the largest quantity of scarlet of any creature I am acquainted with, that hot colour confined only to a portion of the plumage of this beautiful bird. 1809 S. T. Coleridge Coll. Lett. (1959) III. 214 Readers..may complain of a want of Shade & Background, that it is all foreground, all in hot tints. 1896 Sir E. M. Thompson in Proc. Soc. Antiq. 221 The colours employed are vivid, sometimes even rather hot. 1940 San Antonio (Texas) Express 4 Feb. 2 (advt.) Choice of 21 new shades, including ‘Hot Pink’, a new color success for Spring. 1962 Harper's Bazaar Oct. 124/3 A new hot orange lipstick. 1990 FineScale Modeler Feb. 12/1 (advt.) 60..water-based Acrylic Enamels..including 6 new speciality flats, a white pearl and 5 hot fluorescents! 2005 J. Weiner Goodnight Nobody xiv. 122 A woman..showed up in a hot pink unitard for high impact aerobics. b. Of speed of movement or action, esp. in a vehicle: rapid, fast. Cf. sense A. 12j. ΚΠ 1809 M. Holford Wallace iii. xxxii. 106 The sudden stroke, the rash, hot speed. 1888 Chicago Advance 5 July Frequent dismounts [from a bicycle] in connection with a hot pace, are fatiguing. 1924 T. E. Lawrence Let. 20 Feb. (1938) 456 Hot speed on a motor-bike. 1987 Pilot Apr. 34/2 The Falco's brakes are relatively small and shouldn't be called upon to save a hot landing halfway down the strip. 2007 Daily Record (Nexis) 22 June 17 Pushed to the limit, the Sportage can touch 108mph—but hot speed is not the main goal of this machine. c. colloquial (originally U.S.). Extremely good, splendid; very skilled, knowledgeable, or successful. Also with on and a specified subject or activity. not so (also not too) hot: indifferent, mediocre. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > excellence > [adjective] faireOE bremea1000 goodlyOE goodfulc1275 noblec1300 pricec1300 specialc1325 gentlec1330 fine?c1335 singulara1340 thrivena1350 thriven and throa1350 gaya1375 properc1380 before-passinga1382 daintiful1393 principala1398 gradelya1400 burlyc1400 daintyc1400 thrivingc1400 voundec1400 virtuousc1425 hathelc1440 curiousc1475 singlerc1500 beautiful1502 rare?a1534 gallant1539 eximious1547 jolly1548 egregious?c1550 jellyc1560 goodlike1562 brawc1565 of worth1576 brave?1577 surprising1580 finger-licking1584 admirablea1586 excellinga1586 ambrosial1598 sublimated1603 excellent1604 valiant1604 fabulous1609 pure1609 starryc1610 topgallant1613 lovely1614 soaringa1616 twanging1616 preclarent1623 primea1637 prestantious1638 splendid1644 sterling1647 licking1648 spankinga1666 rattling1690 tearing1693 famous1695 capital1713 yrare1737 pure and —1742 daisy1757 immense1762 elegant1764 super-extra1774 trimming1778 grand1781 gallows1789 budgeree1793 crack1793 dandy1794 first rate1799 smick-smack1802 severe1805 neat1806 swell1810 stamming1814 divine1818 great1818 slap-up1823 slapping1825 high-grade1826 supernacular1828 heavenly1831 jam-up1832 slick1833 rip-roaring1834 boss1836 lummy1838 flash1840 slap1840 tall1840 high-graded1841 awful1843 way up1843 exalting1844 hot1845 ripsnorting1846 clipping1848 stupendous1848 stunning1849 raving1850 shrewd1851 jammy1853 slashing1854 rip-staving1856 ripping1858 screaming1859 up to dick1863 nifty1865 premier cru1866 slap-bang1866 clinking1868 marvellous1868 rorty1868 terrific1871 spiffing1872 all wool and a yard wide1882 gorgeous1883 nailing1883 stellar1883 gaudy1884 fizzing1885 réussi1885 ding-dong1887 jim-dandy1888 extra-special1889 yum-yum1890 out of sight1891 outasight1893 smooth1893 corking1895 large1895 super1895 hot dog1896 to die for1898 yummy1899 deevy1900 peachy1900 hi1901 v.g.1901 v.h.c.1901 divvy1903 doozy1903 game ball1905 goodo1905 bosker1906 crackerjack1910 smashinga1911 jake1914 keen1914 posh1914 bobby-dazzling1915 juicy1916 pie on1916 jakeloo1919 snodger1919 whizz-bang1920 wicked1920 four-star1921 wow1921 Rolls-Royce1922 whizz-bang1922 wizard1922 barry1923 nummy1923 ripe1923 shrieking1926 crazy1927 righteous1930 marvy1932 cool1933 plenty1933 brahmaa1935 smoking1934 solid1935 mellow1936 groovy1937 tough1937 bottler1938 fantastic1938 readyc1938 ridge1938 super-duper1938 extraordinaire1940 rumpty1940 sharp1940 dodger1941 grouse1941 perfecto1941 pipperoo1945 real gone1946 bosting1947 supersonic1947 whizzo1948 neato1951 peachy-keen1951 ridgey-dite1953 ridgy-didge1953 top1953 whizzing1953 badass1955 wild1955 belting1956 magic1956 bitching1957 swinging1958 ridiculous1959 a treat1959 fab1961 bad-assed1962 uptight1962 diggish1963 cracker1964 marv1964 radical1964 bakgat1965 unreal1965 pearly1966 together1968 safe1970 bad1971 brilliant1971 fabby1971 schmick1972 butt-kicking1973 ripper1973 Tiffany1973 bodacious1976 rad1976 kif1978 awesome1979 death1979 killer1979 fly1980 shiok1980 stonking1980 brill1981 dope1981 to die1982 mint1982 epic1983 kicking1983 fabbo1984 mega1985 ill1986 posho1989 pukka1991 lovely jubbly1992 awesomesauce2001 nang2002 bess2006 amazeballs2009 boasty2009 daebak2009 beaut2013 the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > [adjective] > at something spec. goodeOE great1552 singular1606 hot1845 a whale on1893 smoking1934 tasty1974 the world > action or operation > ability > inability > unskilfulness > [adjective] craftlessOE unslyc1275 unexperta1425 incrafty?1520 imperite?1550 unskilful1565 skilless1573 artless1586 inexpert1598 unarted1603 boisterous1609 unhandsomea1616 unwieldy1666 unartful1683 undexterous1688 unaccomplished1709 not so (also not too) hot1845 rotten1867 one-fingered1868 button pushing1896 the world > action or operation > failure or lack of success > unsuccessful [phrase] not so (also not too) hot1924 1845 in G. W. Harris High Times & Hard Times (1967) 52 I am a hot hand at the location of capital letters and punctuation. 1869 R. Fitzgerald Diary 27 Mar. in P. Murray Proud Shoes (1956) 212 Our Hides are all stamped with the name of our firm on them and they look hot. 1895 S. Crane Red Badge of Courage xvii. 169 ‘Hot work!’ cried the lieutenant deliriously. 1900 Hamilton (Ohio) Democrat 21 Dec. 6/1 Where's that hot base runner of yours? 1919 A. A. Milne First Plays 44 He did the ninth [hole in golf] in three... How's that for hot? 1924 P. Marks Plastic Age xi. 112 I didn't flunk out but my record isn't so hot. 1937 ‘J. Bell’ Murder in Hosp. vii. 133 They're quite hot on First-Aid at these race tracks and he had a tourniquet on. 1968 Surfer 9 63 Cabell is really ripping it up in Hawaii now, too, but Young and McTavish are so hot it's unbelievable. 1973 R. Galton & A. Simpson Best of Steptoe & Son (1989) 132 His English isn't too hot, but his Spanish—excellente. 1976 J. I. M. Stewart Young Pattullo iii. 71 I'm not very hot on modern painting. 2007 North Shore News (Brit. Columbia) (Nexis) 17 June 3 A hot stereo system is one of the most important parts of any grad limo. d. Of telegraph wires or telephone lines, etc.: in constant use or action (as if heated by electricity, friction, etc.). Cf. sense A. 9h. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > continuing > [adjective] > continually in action or operation > in constant use or action hot1862 1862 Janesville (Wisconsin) Daily Gaz. 13 Mar. The wires were hot with orders hurrying men to re enforce Mulligan. 1888 Harper's Mag. Oct. 679/2 The New York and Washington wire is kept ‘hot’ for eight hours every night. 1922 J. Thurber Let. 19 Mar. (2002) 83 For three days I kept the wires hot with stories on the race-rioting there which bust forth after a rape and a shot last Friday night. 1982 Associated Press Newswire (Nexis) 16 Dec. We've never had the phones as hot as they were today. They were ringing off the wall. 2003 A. L. Heil Voice of Amer. vi. 148 Back in Washington and Beirut, the phone lines were hot. e. Betting. Of a competitor in a race, esp. a horse race: heavily backed; strongly favoured to win. Also in extended use. Chiefly in hot favourite. Cf. hotpot n. 3. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > horse defined by purpose used for > [noun] > racehorse > defined by betting odds (miscellaneous) hot favourite1864 job1889 springer1922 1864 Times 28 May 7 The betting on the Oaks opened in earnest, she [sc. Fille de l'Air] was made a hot favourite. 1870 J. Inwards Cruise of Ringleader xvii. 96 A little speculation actually took place [on a running race], and the girl was made a hot favorite. 1883 E. W. Hamilton Diary 25 Mar. (1972) II. 413 St. Peter's progresses but slowly. The latest and hottest favourite now is Mr. Mason, formerly curate. 1896 H. M. Blossom Checkers vii. 140 He'll play it at the track. It must be a ‘hot one’—I wonder what the odds will be. 1923 Washington Post 17 Feb. 19/7 Sea Cove is ‘hot’, should prove the contender. 1969 Sydney Morning Herald 24 May 27/1 Western Districts reinsman Gordon McWilliam lost a battle of tactics behind the hot favourite, Cocky Raider. 1990 J. Eberts & T. Ilott My Indecision is Final xiii. 148 On so many occasions in the past a hot favourite has been passed over in favour of some other movie. 2004 Rugby World Feb. 62/2 Then came the Brisbane quarter-final against England, when the Dragons scalded the hot favourites' backsides before losing 28–17. f. Gambling slang (originally U.S.). Of a gambler: on a run of good luck. Of dice, cards, etc.: unusually lucky or successful. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > games of chance > dice-playing > [adjective] > lucky (of dice) hot1931 society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > card or cards > [adjective] > general attributes of card discarded1612 unplayed1775 called?1870 false1879 unshuffled1901 hot2004 1890 Dial. Notes 1 61 To be hot, to have a run of luck. 1931 J. Wilstach Under Cover Man 82 Rolling..[the dice] in his hands, trying to make 'em hot. 1934 J. T. Farrell Young Manhood Studs Lonigan iv. 61 I'm shakin' fair, brother. They're just hot for me this time. The dice get hot for a guy like this maybe once in his whole life. 1944 D. Runyon Runyon à la Carte (1946) 101 Here is Big Nig hotter than a stove, and here I am without a bob to follow him with... Nig can make sixes all night when he is hot. 2004 B. Newgate Life & Blackjack vii. 65 His adrenaline is flowing. The cards are hot. Ollie feels success. g. colloquial (originally U.S.). Currently popular or in demand; fashionable, in vogue. Cf. a hot property n. at property n. 3e, hot ticket n. at Compounds 3. ΚΠ 1909 C. B. Chrysler White Slavery (1911) xviii. 162 Jones and Smith are the hot favorites. About every other name is Jones or Smith. 1938 Life 4 Apr. 51/1 ‘Lapel gadgets’ is what they are called and the industry considers them a ‘hot item’. Although the season has just begun, manufacturers report that lapel ornaments already account for 35% of their sales of ‘junk’. 1972 W. Murray Dream Girls 109 The studio has been known to renegotiate a better deal for someone who get real hot. 1982 Advertiser (Adelaide) (Nexis) 2 Jan. Dutch band Time Bandits is one of the hottest acts around. Like most young bands with a top-selling single, the main interest lies in the band's follow-up album. 2007 Daily Tel. 12 Jan. 20/5 This season's hottest fashion for Italian men—much to the irritation of local tailors—is British tweed, mustard trousers, Prince of Wales check and flat caps. h. Originally U.S. Of jazz, big-band dance music, etc.: strongly rhythmical, lively, exciting; energetically and passionately played, and frequently featuring improvised and frenetic solos; (in later use) spec. designating a style of jazz characterized by these features (cf. cool adj. 2e). Also: performing or associated with music of this type. Cf. also sweet adj. 4b. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > type of music > jazz > [adjective] > types of Chicagoan1861 bad1897 hot1918 red-hot1918 soft1921 low-down1922 sweet1924 barrel-house1926 New Orleans1926 straight1926 crazy1927 dirty1927 hotcha1930 jungle1935 solid1935 traditional jazz1935 powerhouse1937 gutty1939 riffy1939 jivey1944 Kansas City1946 cool1948 West Coast1949 far-out1954 nutty1955 swinging1955 mainstream1957 Afro-Latin1958 1918 Independent (U.S.) 26 Oct. 126/1 Voices call insistently for a ‘hot jazz’, others, frowned upon as sentimentalists, urge ‘Annie Laurie’, still others demand ‘that rattling good march-thing’. 1924 Variety 9 July 9/3 The style in vaudeville jazz bands this coming season will tend toward the ‘sweet’ and ‘hot’ dance orchestras. 1924 Variety 24 Sept. 26-c/2 The boys step on it and get ‘hot’ at various intervals. 1926 P. Whiteman & M. M. McBride Jazz x. 219 A half chorus of hot jazz and then..‘Ach, Du Lieber Augustine’ bring the orchestration to a close. 1928 Gramophone 6 300/2 It is not a question of ‘hot’ dance music or ‘straight’ dance music. 1938 Oxf. Compan. Music 777/2 Louis Armstrong (claimed by one of his admirers as ‘certainly the greatest of all hot musicians..’). 1947 W. H. Auden Age of Anxiety (1948) ii. 40 Emble did likewise but his choice was a hot number. 1956 H. Lyttelton in S. Traill Play that Music 79 Shall it be a trumpet or a cornet? I have no strong views either way—a good ‘hot’ style can be achieved on either instrument. 1970 P. Oliver Savannah Syncopators 31 The idea of ‘hot rhythm’ is one which Richard A. Waterman borrowed from jazz and applied to African drumming. 2003 J. Murray Jazz x. 214 Above all he loved the New Orleans sound because it was the first example in jazz of ‘hot playing’. i. slang (originally U.S.). Of a person (originally a woman): sexually attractive; sexy. Cf. sense A. 8c and red-hot adj. 2b. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > attractiveness > [adjective] > sexually attractive nymphic1799 sexy1912 sex-appealing1923 hotcha1924 hot1926 ooh-la-la1929 bed-worthy1936 beddable1941 phat1963 smoking1989 kewl1990 smoking hot1994 bess2006 1926 New Republic 17 Feb. 350/2 If you've forgotten your mythology, Aphrodite—more widely known as Venus—was the hot momma of goddesses. 1961 A. Sillitoe Key to Door (1962) xvi. 211 Give me the address of a hot girl then. 1985 J. Dillinger Adrenaline (1988) xxi. 103 There's jillions of hot young guys around. 1999 Cosmopolitan (U.K. ed.) June 312/3 Do you own a dress that makes you look and feel really hot? j. colloquial. Of a vehicle: fast, powerful, esp. in relation to size or (of an aircraft) with regard to landing speed. Cf. hot rod n., hot hatch n. ΘΚΠ society > travel > air or space travel > action of flying (in) aircraft > navigation of course of aircraft > [adverb] > manner of landing fast or powerful aircraft hot1935 society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > powered vehicle > motor car > [adjective] > powerful in relation to size hot1966 1935 T. Kromer Waiting for Nothing 120 She [sc. a train] is too hot to catch on the fly. 1944 Sat. Evening Post 24 June 80/2 PV's can outrun all but the fastest of Jap fighters, but they pay for their speed by landing hot. 1966 T. Wisdom High-performance Driving ii. 31 Small ‘hot’ machines like a Mini Cooper and a Renault Gordini. 1975 D. C. Conley in R. Higham & A. Siddall Flying Combat Aircraft of USAAF–USAF 11 An aircraft that landed at a high rate of speed was referred to as ‘hot’. 1987 Yachting World Apr. 60/2 (advt.) The unique hull design..enables the Nonsuch to outrun all but the hottest racing sloops of the same length. 2006 San Antonio (Texas) Express-News (Nexis) 21 Apr. 11 h There'll also be hot rods and hot motorcycles on display. B. n.¹ 1. Hot conditions (now chiefly colloquial and regional); the fact or quality of being hot, heat. Also (with the): that which is hot; hot things collectively.In Old English also in partitive genitive singular as postmodifier. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > [noun] heatc825 hotOE hotnessOE burninga1522 calidity1528 calor1599 chaud1659 caloric1794 OE Vercelli Homilies (1992) ii. 56 Þonne þinceð þam synfullan þæt noht ne sie þæs hates ne þæs cealdes, ne þæs heardes ne þæs hnesces, ne þæs leofes ne ðæs laðes, þæt hine þonne mæge fram dryhtnes lufan adon. OE Proverb (Faust. A.x) in E. V. K. Dobbie Anglo-Saxon Minor Poems (1942) 109 Hat acolað, hwit asolað, leof alaðaþ, leoht aðystrað. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 3734 Wiþþ hat. & kald. wiþþ nesshe. & harrd. 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 139 He soffreþ and honger, an þorst, and chald and hot. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) I. v. iii. 177 Hote and coolde greueþ suche on. ?a1475 Lessons of Dirige (Douce) l. 293 in J. Kail 26 Polit. Poems (1904) 130 (MED) A man..With hote and colde and hungor sore, Turmented ys from yere to yere. 1582 S. Batman Vppon Bartholome, De Proprietatibus Rerum xviii. viii. f. 342/1 The Semen of the Asse is most cold by kinde, and the matter of them, and the matter of the Mare is hot, & therfore when the hot is meddeled with the colde, then the meddeling is tempered, then therof may come conception. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ii. 898 Hot, cold, moist, and dry, four Champions fierce Strive here [i.e. in Chaos] for Maistrie. View more context for this quotation a1747 L. Welsted Wks. (1787) 3 Be not tempted, lovely Nell..To lick th' o'erflowing juice, or bite the crust. You'll rather stay (if my advice may rule) Until the hot is temper'd by the cool. 1847 N. Hogg Poet. Lett. (1865) 15 Wull then in es gose, bit moast daid way that hot. 1881 Palo Alto Pilot (Emmetsburg, Iowa) 22 July Wednesday was the hottest of the hot. 1921 R. S. Woodworth Psychol. x. 198 Hot, accordingly, is a sensation compounded of warmth and pain, and cold a sensation composed of coolness and pain. 1966 P. Moloney Plea for Mersey 43 Swettin with the 'ot. 1996 A. Theroux Secondary Colors 51 One of the hottest of the hot, the virtually merciless, scalding habañero pepper. 2. North American colloquial. A hot meal; a serving of hot food. Chiefly in three hots a day and variants. ΚΠ 1897 Kansas Univ. Q. B. 6 88 Hots: cry of the street vender of hot tomales, tenderloins, wienerwursts, etc. 1906 Atlanta (Georgia) Constit. 13 Oct. 3/2 Dis beats a cold handout. Three hots a day for me. 1951 W. Motley We fished all Night iv. xviii. 248 In the army I got my three hots a day. 1971 I. Faust Willy Remembers xi. 57 But as long as we had three hots and a flop, who cared? 2001 Philadelphia Business Jrnl. (Nexis) 14 Dec. 1 That's three hots a day for 325,000 inmates. 3. In plural. slang (originally U.S.). With the. Strong sexual desire or attraction; (hence) gen. extreme desire or enthusiasm. Esp. in to get (also have) the hots for (cf. to have (or get) hot pants (for a person) at hot pants n. 1a). ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sexual relations > sexual desire > [noun] willOE loveOE likinga1200 jollityc1330 desirec1340 fire1340 naturec1387 ragea1425 pride1486 lovered1487 Venus1513 courage1541 passion1648 lusting1760 philogenitiveness1815 body-urge1930 hots1940 hard-on1949 1940 L. E. Watkin Geese in Forum xxviii. 212 You wouldn't get far with the Burgess wench anyway; not the way ol' man Mason hangs around. They got the hots for each other. 1942 Savitar (Univ. Missouri Yearbk.) 233 ‘The hots’, which is the ‘college’ way of saying somebody's in love with or inclined in that direction toward another person. Thus we get ‘He's really got the hots for her’ or ‘She's got the deep endurin' hots for him’. 1951 W. H. Auden Nones (1952) 18 Jack likes Jill who worships George Who has the hots for Jack. 1976 Time Out 9 Apr. 13/2 Two property speculators with the hots for vacated squats. 2004 S. Grafton R is for Ricochet (2005) xviii. 194 You made no secret you had the hots for him. Phrases P1. In (chiefly hyperbolical) similative comparisons, as hot as hell, hotter than hell, hot as fire, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > [adjective] > having or communicating much heat > very wall-hotc1000 walm-hotOE hot as hellOE welling?a1200 welling hota1400 aestuant?1440 burning1484 scalding?a1513 broiling1555 roasting1567 walming hot1601 boiling hot1607 baking1656 stewing-hot1711 piping1823 grilling1839 seething1848 white-hot1855 stewing1856 incandescent1859 swithering1895 boiling1930 OE Ælfric Lives of Saints (Julius) (1881) I. 250 Þær com heofonlic leoht to þam halgum martyrum, swa hat swa sunne scinende on sumere. a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) 908 (MED) Sum-time it [sc. pain] hentis me wiþ hete as hot as ani fure, but quicliche so kene a cold comes þer-after. a1470 T. Malory Morte Darthur (Winch. Coll. 13) (1990) II. 792 The chambir that was as hote as ony styew. 1540 J. Palsgrave tr. G. Gnapheus Comedye of Acolastus iii. ii. sig. Oii^v Is he in loue with me as hote as a toste or not? 1593 W. Shakespeare Venus & Adonis sig. B^v She red, and hot, as coles of glowing fier, He red for shame, but frostie in desier. View more context for this quotation 1618 J. Vicars Prospectiue Glasse sig. E3^v Heau'ns Psalmodicall harmonious Quire Of Saints and Angels zealous, hot as fire. 1694 T. D'Urfey Comical Hist. Don Quixote: Pt. 2nd v. ii. 60 'Twas Pride, hot as Hell, That first made me Rebell. 1696 D. Manley Royal Mischief iv. i. 31 Were she not hotter than the Flames of Hell. 1711 W. King et al. Vindic. Sacheverell 98 Thou art as hot as a Glass-house. 1750 J. Wesley Let. to Revd. Mr. Baily 9 He would make her House ‘hotter than Hell-fire’. 1762 R. Lloyd Poems 42 I blow to cool it, cries the Clown, That I may get the liquor down: For though I grant, you've made it well, You've boil'd it, sir, as hot as hell. 1849 N. Kingsley Diary (1914) 19 Hot as blazes—glad to get under awnings. 1889 J. S. Farmer Americanisms 293/2 Hot as the Devil's kitchen. 1912 Dial. Notes 3 579 Hot as hammered hell. 1934 G. Ross Tips on Tables 282 A special sauce that is hotter than Hades. 1935 A. J. Pollock Underworld Speaks 58/2 Hot as a 45, wanted by the police. 1950 L. G. Miller Story of Ernie Pyle xxiv. 242 We stopped at a jungle field for lunch. It was hotter than hell. 2003 W. Brandt Bk. of Film of Story of my Life x. 168 We deplane directly onto the tarmac. It's about five in the afternoon and it's as hot as an oven. P2. hot and cold. †a. In all conditions and circumstances. Also in hot and cold. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > existence > state or condition > circumstance or circumstances > circumstance [phrase] > in all or any case or circumstances in nesh and hardc1175 still and louda1250 loud and still1300 for nesh or hard?a1400 hot and coldc1400 in all essays1669 round or rattlea1670 c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 1844 Euer in hot & colde To be your trwe seruaunt. c1450 in F. J. Furnivall Hymns to Virgin & Christ (1867) 46 (MED) Neiþer in hoot ne coolde, I may not make him stumble. 1650 N. Ward Discolliminium 30 He that pleadeth for a generall..Toleration, hot and cold, I meane constantly and deliberately..shall finde himselfe a very Atheist. a1811 R. Cumberland False Demetrius iv, in Wks. (1813) II. 392 I [have] stuck to this desperate rover, Wet and dry, hot and cold, the world over. 1849 G. Lippard Man with Mask xxi. 57 Rich Man! Rich because others have toiled by night and day, in hot and cold. b. Being or doing different or opposite things by turns; inconsistent, vacillating. In later use frequently as the complement to a verb; cf. to blow hot and cold at blow v.¹ 2b. to run hot and cold: to behave erratically or inconsistently, to vacillate. ΚΠ 1583 R. Greene Mamillia i. f. 29 We may see the flitring of mens fancy, and the ficklenes of their fayth..so their loue is hotte and cold euery houre. 1605 B. Jonson Sejanus i. sig. B^v Be hot, and cold with him; change euery moode, Habit, and garbe, as often as he varies. View more context for this quotation 1770 J. Armstrong Forced Marriage ii. iii. 50 Where friendship is so ticklish The sooner done the better. I'm heart-sick Of hot and cold friends. 1854 Rambler Apr. 308 One story is told to one subscriber, and another to another... Its inevitable consequence must have been the disgust of the readers of so hot-and-cold a periodical. 1897 Chicago Sunday Tribune 6 June 15/2 (heading) Gas keeps 'em guessing. Legislative rumors make Wall Street run hot and cold. 1939 Bee (Danville, Va.) 9 Feb. b4/2 Duke's defending champions..have run hot and cold all season. 1963 Times 3 Dec. 6/6 It looks as if the Indonesian Government was once more playing hot and cold. 1984 A. Smith in G. Ursell More Sask. Gold i. vii. 71 Michael Povey played second base on both our baseball and softball teams this spring, has a sure glove, is hot and cold with the bat. 1990 M. S. Peck Bed by Window xiii. 225 He certainly had the capacity to make her wax hot and cold in response to him. 2004 P. Biskind Down & Dirty Pictures vi. 204 [He] was well known for running hot and cold on people, and the composition of his inner circle..was chronically in flux. c. to go (all) hot and cold and variants: to experience alternate sensations of heat and cold, as from fear, shock, or embarrassment; (also in weakened use) to feel uneasy, embarrassed, etc. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > expectation > surprise, unexpectedness > happen or move unexpectedly [verb (intransitive)] > feel surprised to think wonder (also ferly)lOE to have wondera1400 admirec1429 startle1562 to think (it) strange of (or concerning)1585 to come short?1611 strange1639 to think (it) much1669 admirize1702 to go (all) hot and cold1845 to take to1862 surprise1943 not to know (or to wonder) what hit one1961 1845 A. Marsh Mount Sorel I. xiii. 228 I went hot and cold as he said this, and remembered the faint shriek I had heard. 1888 Lady D. Hardy Dangerous Exper. III. iv. 84 I trembled and went hot and cold. 1928 Daily Mail 3 Aug. 10/6 The figures given..as to my earnings..made me go all hot and cold—I wonder what I can have done with all that money! 1952 Musical Times 93 35 Then you go ‘hot and cold all over’ and wish you could slink out of the hall without being seen or recognized. 1973 A. Price October Men v. 64 His wife had said..that she had gone ‘all hot and cold’ after nearly being run over. 1999 New Yorker 2 Aug. 40/1 I still go hot and cold when I think of that moment. d. (A supply of) hot and cold running water (for a washbasin or bath, in accommodation, etc.). ΘΚΠ the world > matter > liquid > water > [noun] > hot and cold hot and cold1877 1877 Times 24 July 14/1 (advt.) Two floors, containing seven bed and dressing rooms, bath room fitted hot and cold, three reception rooms. 1914 J. M. Barrie Admirable Crichton iii. 130 He's working out that plan for laying on hot and cold. 1944 A. Thirkell Headmistress i. 23 ‘There is a basin with hot and cold,’ she said. 2006 J. A. Oliver Come away with Me 127 The..room had..a wash-basin with hot and cold and nothing else. †P3. hot on (also of, in, upon) the spur: (a) that rides with speed and urgency; (b) eager, keen; (also) rash, impetuous; cf. hotspur n. 1. Obsolete (archaic in later use). ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > manner of action > rapidity or speed of action or operation > [adjective] > acting with haste > in a hurry or hastening eagerly hastya1387 battea1475 hastening1545 hot on (also of, in, upon) the spur1577 the world > action or operation > manner of action > rapidity or speed of action or operation > with rapid action [phrase] > in haste or in a hurry > with undue or rash haste on headc1425 hand over heada1500 in haste?1518 hot on (also of, in, upon) the spur1577 1577 J. Grange Golden Aphroditis sig. Eiv He mounted vpon his bayarde gray, making a poste iorney (being hotte on the spurre). 1601 J. Weever Mirror of Martyrs sig. C5 ^v All the Armie, ventrous, valorous, bold, Hote on the spur. 1633 T. Adams Comm. 2 Peter iii. xviii. 1566 There is a preposterous zeale, too hote on the spurre. 1652 J. Shirley Doubtful Heir v. 62 Speed, an you be so hot o' th' spur. 1699 W. Winstanley Essex Champion ix. 136 He being hot upon the spur will admit of no delay. 1829 W. Irving Chron. Conquest Granada xxix. 157 If you are as cool in the head, as you are hot in the spur, you may bear off your spoils. 1838 J. G. Grant Rufus I. i. 4 They..were hot upon the spur to join King Stephen. P4. too hot to hold (a person): (of a place) not safe or pleasant for (a person) to remain in, owing to persecution, repercussions from past behaviour, etc. Cf. sense A. 9b. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > danger > there is danger in a course of action [phrase] > too dangerous for (a person) too hot to hold (a person)1636 1636 W. Sampson Vow Breaker iv. i. sig. G3 The Towne I see was too hot to hold thee. 1648 M. Nedham Plea for King Epist. sig. Aij They will make your House too hot to hold you. 1736 H. Fielding Pasquin ii. 24 I'll make the House too hot to hold you. 1851 H. Mayhew London Labour I. 416/2 Her husband was on the pad in the country, as London was too hot to hold him. 1870 C. M. Yonge Cameos xcviii, in Monthly Packet Jan. 14 She..made St. Albans too hot to hold her. 1901 D. B. Hall & A. Osborne Sunshine & Surf 38 A hurried departure..of gentlemen who find these countries too hot to hold them. 1997 J. Pastor Land & Econ. in Anc. Palestine iv. 42 At first Jerusalem was too hot to hold him, but with the passing of time, and the king, he was able to renew his contacts. P5. colloquial. In various phrases indicating a severe or angry reprimand, scolding, attack, etc., as to give it (a person) hot, to let (a person) have it hot, to get (also catch) it hot, etc. Cf. give v. Phrases 1c(a), have v. Phrases 1a(a), get v. Phrases 2d(a)(i). ΚΠ 1679 tr. Trag. Hist. Jetzer 24 St. Catherine..gave him as hot as he brought. 1826 W. Scott Jrnl. 26 Feb. (1939) 116 I wad give it them hot! 1877 W. H. Thomson Five Years' Penal Servitude iv. 287 He ‘got it hot’ for such a crime. 1891 ‘L. Malet’ Wages of Sin II. 102 If she catches him she'll let him have it hot. 1898 Westm. Gaz. 14 Jan. 4/3 You will get it hot before you are done. 1922 N. Coward Down with Whole Darn Lot! in Compl. Lyrics (1998) 38/2 Down with the London stage! We'll let them have it hot. If Laurillard or Sachs resists We'll kill them both as Royalists. 1929 Times 8 Feb. 10/4 The secretaries at home and abroad ‘caught it hot’ when a badly written dispatch came into his hands. 2004 A. Hollinghurst Line of Beauty v. 118 Gerald shook his head in the savour of triumph. ‘I let him have it hot.’ P6. a. hot on the trail (also scent) of and variants: in close pursuit of; very near to tracking down or capturing. Cf. sense A. 11a. ΚΠ 1624 R. Montagu Immediate Addresse 8 The Dogges came vp hot vpon the scent:..the Foxe was caught and torne in pieces. 1679 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Reformation I. iii. 221 Bonner, who was hot on the scent of Preferment, added a Preface. 1702 J. Toland Vindicius Liberius 77 Since they were so hot on the Scent of pernitious Books, I have Reason to ask.., Why such a Dedication was not Solemn. 1823 London Mag. Mar. 248 They are hot upon her trail. 1829 G. Griffin in Lit. Souvenir 89 These English dogs have worried us from our hold, and are still hot upon our scent. 1897 Evening Herald (Syracuse, N.Y.) 15 Sept. (Fourth ed.) 1/6 When the..police and Albany detectives were hot on the trail of Warner, the officers were also looking for a woman. 1906 W. Woods Billy the Kid iv, in America's Lost Plays VIII. 242 Me own life ain't none too safe. They're hot on our trail. 1992 Herald (Glasgow) (Nexis) 21 Jan. 37 England were hot on the scent of their first Test victory in New Zealand for 14 years. 2007 Science 2 Mar. 1211/2 Researchers are hot on the trail of..small molecule drugs that reactivate the p53 protein. b. hot on the heels of and variants: in close pursuit of; swiftly following. Cf. heel n.¹ and int. Phrases 1a(a). ΚΠ 1835 W. G. Simms Partisan I. viii. 96 The sound had something supernatural and chilling in it; and the instinct of each, but a moment before so hot upon the heels of the outlaw, was now to regain his starting-place. 1878 Harper's Mag. Jan. 213/1 Hot on his heels came Cromwell's Puritans to the number of sixty. 1938 Life 6 June 22/3 General Cedillo was reported in full flight through the bush, with Federal troops hot on his heels. 1956 Times 13 Feb. 8/1 Hot on the heels of Colonel Nasser's ‘substantial measure of agreement’ with the World Bank came the sobering announcement. 2005 Sunday Tel. (Sydney) 17 July (Queensland ed.) 30 Flash races from the throne room with Blaze hot on his heels! P7. hot and hot: (of a number of dishes of meat, etc.) served in succession as soon as cooked; (also) food served in this way. Also figurative. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > serving food > [adverb] > served in specific way hot and hot1710 on the side1883 1710 E. Ward Nuptial Dialogues & Deb. II. v. 86 One Spoonful more of Greens, my Dear, Eat freely, Love, and never fear..I know you like a Bit by th' by, That's hot and hot, as well as I. 1771 T. Smollett Humphry Clinker III. 200 I give you them like a beef-steak at Dolly's, hot and hot. 1842 Ld. Tennyson Will Waterproof's Monologue in Poems (new ed.) II. 193 Thy care is, under polish'd tins, To serve the hot-and-hot. 1846 C. Dickens Dombey & Son (1848) viii. 73 Mutton-chops, which were brought in hot and hot, between two plates. 1865 G. A. Sala My Diary in Amer. I. 409 Those glorious mutton chops..which we order ‘hot and hot to follow’. 1909 T. H. Lewin Lewin Lett. I. ii. 187 The dinner uniformly consisted of beefsteaks, followed by a second course of Welsh rare-bits, cooked hot and hot. 1937 V. D. Scudder On Journey ii. ii. 121 It was fun..to teach G.B.S. [i.e. the books of George Bernard Shaw] hot-and-hot from the griddle. 1946 Times 8 Jan. 5/4 We are given just time to digest one meal before another still more exciting is served hot-and-hot. P8. hot off (also from) the press and variants: just printed, newly published; (hence) new, novel. Cf. sense A. 10b. ΘΚΠ society > communication > printing > [adverb] > newly printed hot off (also from) the press1804 the world > time > relative time > the future or time to come > newness or novelty > new [phrase] piping hot?1589 fresh (also new) off the irons1683 hot off (also from) the press1804 1804 J. Minshull Merry Dames ii. 18 Here is my pamphlet hot from the press. 1892 J. Davidson tr. C.-L. de S. de Montesquieu Persian Lett. II. cix. 71 They..never speak except of works hot from the press. 1910 S. P. Wilson Chicago by Gas Light 43 It is no uncommon sight to see the place crowded with men and women waiting for the ‘racing form’ to appear hot from the printing press. 1918 Puck (N.Y.) Mar. 83/3 Lippincott's new ones just hot off the presses this morning. 1955 Times 19 Aug. 2/5 But it is for novelties, hot from the press or the copyist's desk, that discontent is calling. 2005 Sugar May 90/2 The news that these thoroughbred A-listers exist isn't exactly hot off the press. P9. hot and heavy (cf. hot and strong at Phrases 11). a. Intense, relentless; passionate. Frequently as complement to a verb. ΚΠ 1822 R. H. Dana Idle Man I. 53 ‘Let it come hot and heavy.’ And his eye brightened and spirits rose, the closer and harder the fight became. 1841 H. J. Mercier & W. Gallop Life in Man-of-War 9 The rough and tempestuous weather..came on as our tars express it, ‘hot and heavy’, though cold and heavy would have been a more appropriate expression. 1861 H. A. Jacobs Incidents Life Slave Girl x. 88 Her reproaches fell so hot and heavy, that they left me no chance to answer. 1974 B. Hoddeson Porn People ii. 29/2 This girl and I, who were going hot and heavy. 1994 S. Matheson Flying Frontiers i. 18 Air Canada had a seven-week ground school course, hot and heavy... If you couldn't keep out, you were out the door. b. colloquial. In various phrases indicating a severe or angry reprimand, attack, etc.; see Phrases 5. ΚΠ 1834 W. A. Caruthers Kentuckian in N.Y. I. xvii. 189 He doesn't honey it up to 'em, and mince his words—he lets it down upon 'em hot and heavy. 1839 J. L. Motley Morton's Hope II. v. i. 178 The British line gave way this time, and then they got it hot and heavy I tell you. 1884 A. Daly Pique iv. iii. 86 Take my pistol. If the worst comes to the worst before I come back, give it to them hot and heavy. 1922 J. Joyce Ulysses ii. 155 If a fellow gave them trouble being lagged they let him have it hot and heavy in the bridewell. 1940 H. B. Hough Country Editor xxx. 234 He stopped at her house and she gave him, hot and heavy, the exquisitely turned phrases she had been saving up for the company. 2007 Guardian (Nexis) 13 Feb. 10 Jamie's going in to give it to them, hot and heavy. P10. too hot to handle: too difficult to control, manage, or deal with adequately (in early use frequently in Baseball, of a ball); too risky or provocative.The influence of other senses is evident in several quots. Cf. quots. 1885, 1917 with sense A. 9d, quot. 1959 with sense A. 8c, and quot. 1969 with sense A. 9e and handle v.¹ 9. ΚΠ 1822 A. Cunningham Sir Marmaduke Maxwell v. i. 49 My Lord Protector has resigned his sword; 'Twas much too hot to handle. 1885 N.Y. Times 3 Sept. 2 Caskins went to base on balls, was advanced on Kirby's hit to Crane, which proved too hot to handle, and scored on Dunlap's sacrifice to McQuery. 1917 N.Y. Tribune 7 June 11/1 ‘The last shot from the American ship’, says a bulletin from the State Department, ‘apparently was a clean hit.’ The German official scorers called it an error; but the American o.s., because it was too hot to handle, called it a clean hit. No runs. 1959 Daily Mail 17 Oct. 3/1 All in true Mae West tradition. Said a Columbia Broadcasting System spokesman sorrowfully: ‘Some of her answers when the show was recorded were just too hot to handle.’ 1969 Times 4 July 3/8 Many stolen works of art have been recovered recently..which suggests that thieves are finding them too hot to handle. 1992 Washington Post (National ed.) 19 Oct. 31/1 More money for the stalled savings and loan cleanup was too hot to handle in an election year. 2000 C. A. Ruud in R. J. Goldstein War for Public Mind vii. 253 When censors found a writer or editor too hot to handle, they would send his material up the line, where it might even reach the tsar. P11. hot and strong (cf. hot and heavy at Phrases 9). a. Intense, passionate. Frequently as complement to a verb. ΚΠ 1843 H. R. Schoolcraft Alhalla 46 A thousand warriors served me well, And..Play'd hot and strong the warrior's part. 1880 E. W. Hamilton Diary 25 July (1972) I. 27 Wilfrid Blunt goes in ‘hot and strong’ for making the Province a sort of independence. 1881 C. E. L. Riddell Senior Partner II. xi. 221 Hot and strong was the reply which rose to Robert's lips, but he bit it back. 1952 Times 24 Apr. 6/5 Tchaikovsky's fourth symphony came over hot and strong. 1988 Courier-Mail (Brisbane) (Nexis) 3 Oct. The arguments came hot and strong. b. colloquial. In various phrases indicating a severe or angry reprimand, attack, etc.; see Phrases 5. ΚΠ 1861 Dublin Univ. Mag. June 747/2 As for Paolo Sarpi, he has it hot and strong; he is—‘Heretical and servile’. 1872 T. Hardy Under Greenwood Tree I. ii. iv. 164 It is thought that you are going to get it hot and strong! 1938 A. G. Macdonell Autobiogr. of Cad ii. 14 Jedediah never spent a penny on the estate unless he was legally compelled to—and then the man who legally compelled him got it hot and strong in double quick time. 2003 Independent on Sunday (Nexis) 8 June 4 You will want to give it to them hot and strong because their stupidity is a moral flaw. P12. to run hot: (a) (of a (part of a) machine) to become hot during operation; (b) U.S. colloquial (now rare) to become angry. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > anger > [verb (intransitive)] > become angry wrethec900 wrothc975 abelghec1300 to move one's blood (also mood)c1330 to peck moodc1330 gremec1460 to take firea1513 fumec1522 sourdc1540 spitec1560 to set up the heckle1601 fire1604 exasperate1659 to fire up1779 to flash up1822 to get one's dander up1831 to fly (occasionally jump, etc.) off (at) the handle1832 to have (also get) one's monkey up1833 to cut up rough, rusty, savage1837 rile1837 to go off the handle1839 to flare up1840 to set one's back up1845 to run hot1855 to wax up1859 to get one's rag out1862 blow1871 to get (also have) the pricker1871 to turn up rough1872 to get the needle1874 to blaze up1878 to get wet1898 spunk1898 to see red1901 to go crook1911 to get ignorant1913 to hit the ceiling1914 to hit the roof1921 to blow one's top1928 to lose one's rag1928 to lose one's haira1930 to go up in smoke1933 hackle1935 to have, get a cob on1937 to pop (also blow) one's cork1938 to go hostile1941 to go sparec1942 to do one's bun1944 to lose one's wool1944 to blow one's stack1947 to go (also do) one's (also a) dingerc1950 rear1953 to get on ignorant1956 to go through the roof1958 to keep (also blow, lose) one's cool1964 to lose ita1969 to blow a gasket1975 to throw a wobbler1985 1855 Jrnl. Agric. Jan. 558 The journals should be kept well oiled, so as never to run hot. 1884 Eng. Mech. 24 Oct. 184/1 I hear that the trailing axle of this engine is running hot. 1911 Tribune (Cedar Rapids, Iowa) 2 June 5/3 They oiled several motors with disinfectant dope. No wonder they ran hot. 1941 Sun (Baltimore) 29 July 10/7 I seen him reading across the table and called him down. He run hot and so I told him to git his money. 1976 K. Benton Single Monstrous Act v. 166 The Detective Chief Superintendent's waiting for us, and beginning to run hot, too. He's got a lot on his mind. 2009 Thomasville (Georgia) Times-Enterprise (Nexis) 24 July The vehicle..replaces a 1999 van that ran hot if left running. P13. colloquial (originally U.S.). hot under the collar and variants: angry, resentful; agitated. Chiefly in to get hot under the collar. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > anger > [adjective] irrec825 gramec893 wemodc897 wrothc950 bolghenc1000 gramelyc1000 hotOE on fireOE brathc1175 moodyc1175 to-bollenc1175 wrethfulc1175 wraw?c1225 agrameda1300 wrathfula1300 agremedc1300 hastivec1300 irousa1340 wretheda1340 aniredc1350 felonc1374 angryc1380 upreareda1382 jealous1382 crousea1400 grieveda1400 irefula1400 mada1400 teena1400 wraweda1400 wretthy14.. angryc1405 errevousa1420 wrothy1422 angereda1425 passionatec1425 fumous1430 tangylc1440 heavy1452 fire angry1490 wrothsomea1529 angerful?1533 wrothful?1534 wrath1535 provoked1538 warm1547 vibrant1575 chauffe1582 fuming1582 enfeloned1596 incensed1597 choleric1598 inflameda1600 raiseda1600 exasperate1601 angried1609 exasperated1611 dispassionate1635 bristlinga1639 peltish1648 sultry1671 on (also upon) the high ropes (also rope)1672 nangry1681 ugly1687 sorea1694 glimflashy1699 enraged1732 spunky1809 cholerous1822 kwaai1827 wrathy1828 angersome1834 outraged1836 irate1838 vex1843 raring1845 waxy1853 stiff1856 scotty1867 bristly1872 hot under the collar1879 black angry1894 spitfire1894 passionful1901 ignorant1913 hairy1914 snaky1919 steamed1923 uptight1934 broigus1937 lemony1941 ripped1941 pissed1943 crooked1945 teed off1955 ticked off1959 ripe1966 torqued1967 bummed1970 1879 Globe (Atchison, Kansas) 14 Aug. I was beginning to get hot under the collar. His effrontery was positively astounding. 1886 Sporting News 17 May 1/2 The boys are hot in the collar over the treatment received at the hands of the..audience. 1918 E. Pound Let. 4 June (1971) 138 After years of this sort of puling imbecility one gets hot under the collar and is perhaps carried to an extreme. 1941 F. Reinfeld Keres' Best Games of Chess 43/2 I suddenly began to go hot under the collar as I noticed the powerful move. 1970 J. Porter Dover strikes Again i. 7 Twenty-five years in the police had not tarnished Superintendent Underbarrow's basic serenity... He made it a point of honour never to get hot around the collar about anything. 2000 L. McTaggart Being Catholic Today i. 6 Do you get hot under the collar about vacuous musical moanings in church, or fired up at the thought of young people living ‘in sin’? P14. hot and bothered: agitated, flustered, uncomfortable. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > excitement > nervous excitement > be in state of nervous excitement [phrase] hot and bothered1899 to have ants in one's pants1930 1899 S. Crane Active Service 297 Coke looked hot and bothered, as if he could have more than half wanted to retract his visit. 1921 M. Arlen Romantic Lady iv. v. 161 I was getting very hot and bothered about the whole thing. 1958 Listener 23 Oct. 649/2 Then she emerged, hot and bothered, glasses half down her nose. 1961 J. Barlow Term of Trial i. ii. 22 Most of the teachers..urged silence in hot-and-bothered threats. 2003 Sunday Mail (Brisbane) 8 June 27/1 Beachgoers in Queensland's southeast may be relaxed about the idea of topless sunbathing, but up north some of the locals are getting hot and bothered about it. P15. colloquial (now chiefly Australian). a bit hot: (of behaviour, an action, etc.) somewhat unreasonable or excessive. Cf. red-hot adj. 4. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > lack of reason, irrationality > [adjective] > not based on reason hoflesc1175 unreasonablec1384 fantastica1387 disreasonablec1550 reasonless1556 idle1590 alogical1603 groundless1620 irrational1641 unreasonal1650 adoxal1652 irrationable1657 unreasoning1682 untoward1682 unfaceablea1825 aberrational1837 non-rational1859 irrationalistic1910 a bit hot1925 arational1935 1925 Times 30 Sept. 9/5 When anyone is knocked about you always come and dig me up... I don't know anything about it. This is a bit hot. 1931 T. R. G. Lyell Slang, Phrase & Idiom Colloq. Eng. 410 To dismiss the lad just because he forgot to post a letter is a bit hot. 1946 K. Tennant Lost Haven (1947) xiii. 204 She has to be humoured although I do think it's a bit hot her boy friend calling just as if she owned the place. 1999 L. Laube Bound for Vietnam iii. 35 Steak and eggs, 480 yuan. That's a bit hot! P16. North American. Horse Racing. to walk (also occasionally cool out) hots: to lead a horse at walking pace in order to let it cool down after strenuous exercise. Cf. hot walker n. at Compounds 3. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping or management of horses > [verb (transitive)] > exercise a horse > walk after exercise to walk (also occasionally cool out) hots1934 1934 Washington Post 25 Mar. 14/5 They put him to work walking ‘hots’ and cleaning out stables. 1939 Sat. Evening Post 1 Apr. 33 ‘Cooling out hots’..means walking horses around the barn until there is no fear they will stiffen. 1976 New Yorker 29 Mar. 109/2 He got an after-school job at a ranch, mucking out stalls and ‘walking hots’, as the chore of cooling out horses who have just worked or raced is called. 2007 J. Christgau Gambler & Bug Boy xx. 208 Albert walked hots, mucked stalls, and galloped horses at dawn. P17. colloquial (originally U.S.). hot to trot. a. Ready and willing, eager; esp. eager for sexual activity. ΚΠ 1950 in R. Tomedi No Bugles, No Drums (1993) xix. Plate 2 (photograph of U.S. Army company sign) Hot to trot 2d B. 7th Reg. Fox co. 1978 Washington Post (Nexis) 24 Apr. b1 We're supposed to respect Valerie because she isn't quite as hot to trot as her homely friend Thelma. 1982 Computerworld 27 Dec. 49/4 They're hot to trot the first few days, but then they feel they can't do it and just sit back and depend on agencies. 2001 B. Broady In this Block there lives Slag 44 Whatever happened to the student nurses of my youth—vivid, tender, blithe as spring throstles and self-parodically hot to trot..though seldom with me? b. Very keen on, enthusiastic about. Cf. sense A. 8a. ΚΠ 1982 D. Dickenson Fighting Upstream in Canad. Fiction Mag. 30–31 98 I applied for compassionate leave, which I got, because I was..a member in good standing of the library club. The warden was hot to trot on reading. 1990 Chron. Higher Educ. 19 Dec. a22/5 He's ‘not hot to trot’ on a proposal for a prepaid-tuition plan approved by voters in November. 1995 Canad. Business May 34/2 Right now, everybody is hot to trot on small-capitalization stocks. c. Desirable, in demand; erotic, sexy. ΚΠ 1989 Car & Driver Sept. 111/1 These hot-to-trot chariots include a shiny red Corvette..and an ultrafast twin-turbo Ruf Porsche. 1992 More 28 Oct. 51/1 He'd actually buy her hot-to-trot underwear and little red Lycra numbers with plunging necklines. 2002 B Jan. 38/1 Kylie scores a double whammy in this year's awards. Not only is she hot to trot on a night out, she's spot on when it comes to the ‘less is more’ rule. Compounds C1. Parasynthetic. hot-breathed adj. ΚΠ 1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. i. iv. 125 Orion, Eridanus,..and hot-brearh't [sic] Sirius. 1787 R. Jephson Julia iii. iii. 37 Hot-breath'd vows, whose common vehemence Their common violation quickly follows. 1893 New Eng. Mag. June 494/1 Thy ships were steered, or peopled all With hot-breathed dragons. 1994 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 26 May 13/1 It is talky, lush, hot-breathed, and written in a manner several decades previous to that of Madame Bovary , which in fact had preceded it by a couple of years. hot-eyed adj. ΚΠ 1804 S. T. Coleridge Coll. Lett. (1956) II. 1127 I was hot-eyed with fever-smells in my nose. 1924 A. J. Small Frozen Gold 222 Hot-eyed, livid-faced men. 1996 J. Lanchester Debt to Pleasure (1997) 47 Many were the hot-eyed glances I had no doubt been unheedingly darted. hot-hearted adj. ΚΠ OE Wanderer 66 Wita sceal geþyldig, ne sceal no to hatheort ne to hrædwyrde, ne to wac wiga ne to wanhydig, ne to forht ne to fægen.] a1718 J. Bulkeley Last-day (1719) iv. 156 Paulus, hot-hearted Zealot, saw and joy'd At Heretick's Destruction. 1853 Times 8 Nov. 10/2 A large proportion are hothearted and hotheaded Irishmen. 2004 National Geographic (Nexis) 1 Jan. 2 Mars is not the hot-hearted volcano-building place it once was. hot-spirited adj. ΚΠ ?1589 T. Nashe Almond for Parrat sig. C2 Beeing as hotte spirited as your worshippes, in the schismaticall subiect of reformation. 1608 J. Day Humour out of Breath sig. F1^v Hot-sprighted youthes. 1714 J. Skidmore Primitive Simplicity Demonstrated iv. 211 Some other furious hot spirited Men. 1878 Times 13 July 11/4 There was reason to fear that the more hot-spirited partisans would claim the right to settle the dispute by violent methods. 1992 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 10 Aug. c13/1 Adriana, the hot-spirited female lead in ‘The Comedy of Errors’. † hot-stomached adj. Obsolete ΚΠ 1549 M. Coverdale et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. II. Phil. ii. f. iiii^v Peace and concorde can not..continue among them, that are hote stomaked and hyghe mynded. 1875 H. G. Liddell & R. Scott Greek Lex. 634/1 Hot-stomached. hot-tailed adj. ΚΠ 1654 E. Gayton Pleasant Notes Don Quixot iii. viii. 121 What a gracelesse Quean was I? what a forgetfull hot-tail'd Carrion? 1680 in Earl of Rochester Poems 78 Until her Hot-Tail'd Majesty..Had worne her Gems on Holy Days. 2007 Hamilton (Ont., Canada) Spectator (Nexis) 1 Sept. d21 Faced with a hot-tailed squirrel, rattlesnakes shift from offence to defence. hot-toned adj. ΚΠ 1931 Parnassus 3 12/1 A Loan Exhibition of Portraits of Women..included..the..splendid Promenade, a typical, hot toned Monticelli. 1961 New Left Rev. July 43/1 A swinging musician with a great sense of the Blues, and ‘hot-toned’. 1997 Toronto Sun (Nexis) 13 Aug. 54 Zonin Montepulciano d'Abruzzo 1995..is a hot-toned, blackberry-scented bargain. C2. Appositive (chiefly poetic and literary). hot-bright adj. ΚΠ 1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. i. ii. 64 And then no more you would the Aire allow For Element, then th' hot-bright Flamer now. a1649 W. Drummond Wks. (1711) 33/2 Night neither here is fair, nor Day hot bright. 2003 M. T. Kelly Guava Dreams xvi. 93 This lightest of all places, so hot-bright it fried your eyes like eggs. hot-cold adj. ΚΠ 1595 G. Markham Most Honorable Trag. Sir R. Grinuile sig. C5 These rags deuide the Zones, wherein is hurld My liues distemprate, hote cold miserie. 1597 T. Middleton Wisdome of Solomon Paraphr. ix. sig. L3^v Behold his poore estate, his hot-cold fire. a1618 J. Sylvester tr. Little Bartas in tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Diuine Weekes & Wks. (1621) 774 The Fits of th' hot-cold cruell Fever. 1996 D. J. Chalmers Conscious Mind i. i. 9 The hot-cold sensation that one gets from touching ultracold ice. hot-dry adj. ΚΠ 1606 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. (new ed.) ii. iii. 94 Some hot-dry Exhaling, Or blazing Starre. 1952 College Art Jrnl. 12 18 These are caused by different climatic conditions which shift between the colddry winter and the hotdry summer. 2001 S. Roaf et al. Ecohouse (2002) 284 The West House takes advantage of the prevailing northwesterly hot winds that blow during the hot-dry seasons. hot-humid adj. ΚΠ 1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. ii. ii. 378 Hot-humid Bloud. 1614 J. Sylvester tr. J. Bertaut Panaretus 54 in Parl. Vertues Royal The Angell..found her out in a hot-humid Cell. 1982 Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 109 356/1 The climate of central Texas is characterized as warm-temperate with dry winters and hot-humid summers. 2001 S. Roaf et al. Ecohouse (2002) 286 The hot-humid period of July to August. hot-moist adj. ΚΠ 1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. i. ii. 40 The cold-dry Earth to hot-moist Aire, returnes-not. 1894 Classical Rev. 8 310/1 The four elements Air (hot-moist), Water (cold-moist), Earth (cold-dry), and Fire (hot-dry) were made. 2003 World & I (Nexis) 1 Feb. 148 As the equatorial regions heat up and ocean waters evaporate, the hot-moist air rises, drawing cooler air from higher latitudes into the tropical regions. C3. hot ache n. a pain felt in the hands when they are warmed after being very cold. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > pain > pain in specific parts > [noun] > in hands hot ache1697 1697 Philos. Trans. 1695–7 (Royal Soc.) 19 379 The tops of my Fingers..did boaken and ake, as when after extream cold, one has the hot-ach in them. 1791 E. Darwin Bot. Garden: Pt. I i. 131 The pain called the hot-ach after the hands have been immersed in snow. 1844 Lancet 13 Apr. 110/1 It was a kind of reaction, like the succession of ‘hot ache’ to cold. 1917 D. H. Lawrence Look! We have come Through! 155 Their scent is lacerating and repellent, it smells of burning snow, of hot-ache. 2003 Lincs. Echo (Nexis) 18 Jan. 65 It was really cold out there. I got hot ache in my fingers that reminded me of playing snowballs when I was a boy. hot-aching adj. poetic aching in a manner reminiscent of hot ache.Apparently an isolated use. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > pain > pain in specific parts > [adjective] > in hands hot-aching1917 1917 D. H. Lawrence Look! We have come Through! 156 These first-flower young women... They are the flowers of ice-vivid mortification... What kind of ice-rotten, hot-aching heart must they need to root in! hot-arsed adj. slang (esp. of a woman) lustful; sexually aroused or arousing.rare before 20th cent. ΚΠ 1683 A. Marsh Confession New Married Couple 121 That hot-ar'sd whorish Faustina. c1890 My Secret Life IX. viii. 242 Nelly..was unusually hot arsed and lewed tongued. 1993 G. Gibson Gentleman Death vii. 100 Hot-arsed, they grappled; she wriggled like an eel, twisting in his long arms. 2006 S. J. Dimmock Knight of Temple 36 Too anxious to get back to their hot arsed houris in Cordoba, I expect. hot atom n. Physics and Chemistry an atom that has a very high kinetic or internal energy, usually as a result of a nuclear process (cf. sense A. 9i). ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > atomic nucleus > radioactivity > [noun] > atom with high energy hot atom1946 1946 Sci. News Let. 20 Apr. 247/1 These hot atoms, with energies 10,000 times greater than those involved in ordinary chemical reactions, fly through solutions at enormous speed, due to recoil from such nuclear explosions as the emission of gamma rays. 1950 Sci. Amer. Mar. 44/3 The bizarre chemical effects sometimes produced by radioactive atoms have given rise to a fascinating new branch of investigation known as hot atom chemistry. 1989 Science 24 Nov. 1010/1 In 1981 the study of hot atom collisions was reinvigorated when the first laser experiments were performed with short pulse excimer lasers to produce hot atoms. † hot-backed adj. Obsolete lustful; cf. hot-arsed adj. ΘΚΠ society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > lasciviousness or lust > [adjective] golelichc1000 luxuriousc1330 jollyc1384 lustyc1386 Venerienc1386 nicea1393 gayc1405 lasciviousc1425 libidinous1447 Venerian1448 coltishc1450 gigly1482 lubric1490 ranka1500 venereous1509 lubricous1535 venerious1547 boarish?1550 goatish?1552 cadye1554 lusting1559 coy1570 rage1573 rammish1577 venerial1577 lustful1579 rageous1579 proud1590 lust-breathed1594 rampant1596 venerous1597 sharp-seta1600 fulsome1600 lubrical1602 hot-backed1607 ruttish1607 stoned1607 muskish-minded1610 Venerean1612 saucya1616 veneral1623 lascive1647 venereal1652 lascivient1653 hircine1656 hot-tempered1673 ramp1678 randy1771 concupiscenta1834 aphrodisiac1862 lubricious1884 radgie1894 1607 T. Middleton Revengers Trag. i. sig. B2 A hot-backt Diuill. 1680 Earl of Rochester et al. Poems 148 Being over warm with the last debauch [printed debanch], I grew as drunk as any Roach, When hot Back'd Wardens did approach, Or later. hot beef int. and n. [rhyming slang for thief n.] now rare (a) int. ‘Stop thief!’; (b) n. a cry of this, as in to give (a person) hot beef. ΘΚΠ society > law > administration of justice > general proceedings > arrest > under arrest [phrase] > cry for help to arrest thief stop thief!1714 hot beef1861 1861 H. Mayhew London Labour III. 128/1 There is a regular run over the stage crying ‘Hot beef! hot beef!’ (instead of ‘Stop thief!’). 1879 Macmillan's Mag. 40 506/2 He followed, giving me hot beef (calling ‘Stop thief’). 1896 A. Morrison Child of Jago x. 95 It was now that he first experienced ‘hot beef’—which is the Jago idiom denoting the plight of one harried by the cry ‘Stop thief’. 1973 G. Butler Coffin for Pandora vii. 157 ‘Hot beef, hot beef,’ cried the schoolboys. ‘Catch him.’ hot bottle n. = hot-water bottle n. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > heating or making hot > that which or one who heats > [noun] > a device for heating or warming > devices for warming the person hot-water bottle1636 hot bottle1836 stomach-warmer1836 kangri1911 hotty1947 the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > heating or making hot > that which or one who heats > [noun] > a device for heating or warming > devices for warming bed bedpan1572 warming-pan1574 froe1594 hot-water bottle1636 damsel1728 nun1728 water bottle1771 hot bottle1836 bottle1857 pig1869 bed-bottle1907 bed-warmer1931 hotty1947 1836 Times 3 Sept. 5/4 Witness caused her wet clothes to be taken off, and ordered the body to be placed in warm blankets. He then applied hot bottles to her feet. 1967 S. Knight Window on Shanghai xxxi. 139 The Chinese don't use hot-bottles unless they're ill. 2006 Guardian (Nexis) 30 Nov. 6 Annasach on the Scottish borders..buys from charity shops sweaters that can't be sold and turns them into stylish hot bottle covers. hot box n. originally U.S. (a) an overheated journal or bearing, esp. on a railway vehicle; (b) colloquial a swelteringly hot room, building, or enclosed space. ΘΚΠ society > travel > rail travel > rolling stock > [noun] > railway wagon or carriage > parts of axle assembly pedestal1814 box1825 hot box1848 axle-bearing1849 horn-plate1856 axle-box1871 1848 Merchants' Mag. 19 656 Such a thing as a ‘hot box’ to a car has not been known,..since the sprinkler has been in use. 1873 ‘M. Twain’ & C. D. Warner Gilded Age xlvi. 419 A hot box had to be cooled at Wilmington. 1911 H. A. Franck Four Months Afoot in Spain x. 230 The writer..dwelt in the usual hotbox that constitutes a Madrid lodging. 1971 Flying (N.Y.) Apr. 48/3 Lovely airplane but its another hotbox. 1986 Mod. Railroads May 53/1 Railroads..are coming to depend more and more on the surveillance..provided by train defect installations, commonly known as hotbox detectors. hot brush n. an electrically heated hairbrush, designed to give curl and extra body to hair. ΚΠ 1971 Daily Rev. (Hayward, Calif.) 18 Nov. 25/6 Check the electrically operated ‘hot brushes’ which make hair grooming easy. 2001 C. Glazebrook Madolescents 300 After squirting on some spray gel and scrunch-drying his hair, I give it as much body as I can with Mrs Marr's hotbrush. hot bulb n. Mechanics (in a semi-diesel engine) an uncooled chamber connected to the cylinder head which is maintained at a sufficiently high temperature to vaporize fuel oil injected into it prior to compression in the cylinder; any mass of metal that performs the same function in such an engine; frequently attributive. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > machines which impart power > engine > internal-combustion engine > [adjective] > type of diesel engine hot bulb1907 society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > machines which impart power > engine > internal-combustion engine > [noun] > diesel > parts of hot bulb1907 prechamber1934 1901 U.S. Patent 682,003 2/2 The oil-spray is injected into the red-hot bulb through the nozzle n.] 1907 U.S. Patent 864,818 1/1 The engine belongs to that type..in which the mixture of air and vapor is exploded by bringing it in contact with a hot bulb. 1911 Motor Boat 26 Jan. 66/3 If you are nervous of electric ignition you should choose a hot-bulb ignition engine. 1994 Waterways World May 66/2 While the hot bulb is warming, the fuel oil is pumped up into the day tank. 2003 Stationary Engine Mag. Nov. 29/2 As with certain hot-bulb stationary engines, they required to be on heavy load to keep running. hot bunk n. originally Navy slang a bunk or bed which is used by different people in turn, esp. as part of a daily shift system; cf. hotbed n. 3. ΚΠ 1939 K. Edwards We dive at Dawn 20 The ‘hot-bunk principle’..is a graphic phrase describing the submarine habit of rolling into the bunk just vacated by the man who has relieved you. 1945 New Castle (Pa.) News 7 July 13/2 Caddedy said his submarine was so crowded by extra passengers they had to sleep in ‘hot bunks’. 2001 N.Y. Times 8 Mar. b2/4 Some crash pads use what are known as hot bunks, where pilots sleep and then remove the sheets to ready the bed for the next pilot. hot bunking n. originally Navy slang the system of using hot bunks. ΚΠ 1945 R. Trumbull Silversides xvii. 143 Burlingame strongly disapproved of ‘hot bunking’—alternate use of the same bunk by men who are on separate watches. 2005 Sevenoaks Chron. (Nexis) 19 May (Features section) 2 One of the more revolting aspects of this leg is hot bunking and getting into a bed that, a few minutes earlier, your buddy has been sweating profusely into. hot button n. originally and chiefly U.S. (a) a strongly emotive, popular, or controversial concern or issue, usually social or political; frequently attributive, esp. in hot-button issue; (b) a desire, need, or concern that motivates people to choose among consumer goods; (also) a product, idea, or form of advertising that exploits such motivation. ΚΠ 1966 N.Y. Times 9 Jan. 7 Dr. Martin E. Marty, Lutheran theologian.., acknowledges that the ‘God Is Dead’ theologians have their finger on the ‘hot button’. 1966 N.Y. Times 8 Mar. 18 (advt.) The Guts of Salesmanship explains in detail the anatomy of a sales presentation:..how to find your prospects [sic] hot button. 1984 New Yorker 20 Feb. 42/2 Stereo TV, which Jeff Berkowitz..called ‘one of the real hot buttons in terms of consumer purchasing’. 1985 Times Higher Educ. Suppl. 17 Feb. 10/5 Affirmative action or ‘reverse discrimination’, as the Republicans call it, is a ‘hot-button’ issue. 1993 Globe & Mail Rep. on Business Apr. 52/1 Elliot..gives a speech..that champions his product as one that hits the ‘hot button’ in the diaper industry. 2001 London Rev. Bks. 22 Feb. 29/3 There are piles of tipsheets on the latest gossip: the buzz, the bids..the hot button. † hot canary n. Obsolete rare a canary having plumage of a brilliant flame colour as a result of being given cayenne pepper in the diet. ΚΠ 1879 Encycl. Brit. IX. 192/2 Birds which have successfully undergone this forcing process, and hence called ‘hot canaries’, command a very high price, for a large proportion die under the discipline. hot cathode n. a cathode intended to be heated, so that electrons are emitted thermionically; frequently attributive. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electronics > electronic devices or components > cathode-ray tube > [noun] > cathode intended to be heated hot cathode1903 1903 J. J. Thomson Conduction Electr. through Gases xiv. 425 The essential feature in the discharge is the hot cathode, as this has to supply the carriers of the greater part of the current in the arc. 1943 Electronic Engin. 16 260/3 The instrument incorporates a hot-cathode, low-voltage, cathode-ray tube. 2001 R. W. Cahn Coming of Materials Sci. x. 405 These low pressures were beyond the range of the McLeod gauge..and it was necessary to use the hot-cathode ionisation gauge. hot chair n. (a) U.S. slang = electric chair n. at electric adj. and n. Compounds 1b; cf. sense A. 9h; (b) colloquial = hot seat n. 2. ΚΠ 1927 Flynn's Weekly 1 Jan. 819/1 I never shot nobody... Lotsa times I don't carry a gun. That's one thing I try to dodge—the hot chair. 1989 Courier-Mail (Brisbane) (Nexis) 7 Jan. The formidable NSW National Party leader says it has been a long, hard slog to familiarise himself with the State's hot chair. 1996 San Antonio (Texas) Express-News (Nexis) 23 June t35 A perverted..cross-eyed sicko who would make a good argument for the hot-chair. hot chamber n. a heated compartment or piece of apparatus, esp. one which forms part of an oven, foundry, etc. ΚΠ 1806 W. Henry Epitome Chem. (ed. 4) App. i. p. viii Fig. 61. is a longitudinal section of a wind-furnace... b [is] the flue passing into a hot chamber c. 1888 Encycl. Brit. XXIII. 702/2 In large stereotyping foundries, after the flong has been well beaten upon the forme,..it is baked and dried (the forme still underneath) on a long thick iron slab, called a hot chamber, because it is heated from within by steam. 1920 Chambers's Jrnl. Apr. 264/2 An ash-drawer is arranged under the grate with the hot chamber below it. 1997 Adv. Cryogenic Engin. 43 b1609 The helium in this cycle moves between the hot chamber and the regenerator. hot chisel n. = hot set n. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > cutting tool > chisel > [noun] > for cutting metal cold chisel1697 set1843 hot chisel1848 sate1883 hot set1888 toe-hardy1909 1848 G. F. Duckett Technol. Mil. Dict. 336/1 Setzeisen, hot-chisel or rod-chisel for cutting iron when heated. 1889 Notes & Queries 23 Feb. 151/1 Cold and hot chisels are used for cutting cold and hot iron (or metal) respectively. 1982 Amer. Ethnologist 9 767 The tip of the picket point is cut with a hot chisel. hot chocolate n. a drink made by mixing chocolate or cocoa with hot water or milk (and sometimes other ingredients); (now also) a commercially prepared sweetened powder used to make such a drink. The drink, also called simply chocolate (cf. chocolate n. 1), was originally made with a paste of ground cocoa seeds and was typically very thick; it is now usually made with melted chocolate, cocoa powder, or a sweetened cocoa powder product. See also note at cocoa n. 3a. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > cocoa > [noun] chocolate1604 cacao1625 chocolate cup1687 milk chocolate1723 cocoa tea1747 cocoa1786 hot chocolate1789 hot cocoa1824 shell cocoa1902 drinking chocolate1920 shell shock1935 kye1943 1789 H. L. Piozzi Observ. Journey France II. 297 A large dish of hot chocolate thickened with bread and cream is a common afternoon's regale here. 1819 Hull Packet 12 Oct. They could not continue during the whole service, without a cup of hot chocolate, and a bit of sweetmeat, to refresh them. 1920 Confectioners Jrnl. Sept. 143/1 Don't make hot chocolate too sweet and be sure that the syrup is thoroughly mixed with the water or milk, whatever you use. 1991 G. Burn Alma Cogan (1992) x. 206 There's blow-drier, mini-safe, electric trouser-press, electric kettle, sachets of hot chocolate. 2000 M. Storey et al. 500 Treasured Country Recipes 298/1 Properly speaking, cocoa is made with cocoa powder and hot chocolate is made with melted chocolate. hot closet n. (a) a small heated chamber (usually part of a stove) used for keeping food, plates, etc., warm or for drying damp articles (now historical); †(b) a chamber in a candle-making machine for heating candle moulds before the wax or tallow is poured in (obsolete). ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > equipment for making other articles > [noun] > candle-making equipment candle-mould1566 wax-moulda1679 stick1711 hot closet1798 port1839 broach1875 the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > stove or cooker > [noun] > food warmer Mary's bath1600 Saint Mary's bath1612 water plate1721 hot closet1798 water bath1806 bain-marie1822 hotplate1861 steam table1861 rechaud1906 pap-warmer1920 warming oven1950 veilleuse1955 warming drawer1972 the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > stove or cooker > [noun] > plate-warmer plate warmer1721 hot closet1798 hot cupboard1820 hotplate1925 1798 in C. R. Lounsbury Illustr. Gloss. Early Southern Archit. & Landscape (1994) 183 Dry^g or Hot Closet. 1802 Count Rumford Ess., Polit., Econ., & Philos. (new ed.) III. 128 The meat..may either be taken out of the Roaster and put into a hot closet,..or it may remain in the Roaster until it is wanted. a1817 J. Austen Northanger Abbey (1818) II. viii. 148 The ancient kitchen..rich in the massy walls and smoke of former days, and in the stoves and hot closets of the present. View more context for this quotation 1855 E. Ronalds & T. Richardson Knapp's Chem. Technol. (ed. 2) I. 454 After leaving the hot closet, the moulds are filled by..cocks or outlets from the cistern. 1933 Times 4 Oct. 14/6 (advt.) A hot closet for plate warming can also be supplied. 2001 Independent (Nexis) 14 Apr. 17 The salads and the savouries were now prepared, and the tableware heated in the hot-closet ready for service. hot cocoa n. now chiefly North American a chocolate drink made from ground cocoa beans or cocoa powder; = cocoa n. 3a; (now also) a commercially prepared sweetened powder used to make such a drink; cf. hot chocolate n. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > cocoa > [noun] chocolate1604 cacao1625 chocolate cup1687 milk chocolate1723 cocoa tea1747 cocoa1786 hot chocolate1789 hot cocoa1824 shell cocoa1902 drinking chocolate1920 shell shock1935 kye1943 1824 Morning Chron. 1 Sept. A man of war's man..has a pint of hot cocoa, a pint of grog (made of a gill of rum), and at least a pint of good tea daily. 1919 Druggists Circular Jan. 43 Eighty-five persons out of each hundred are absolutely ignorant of the delectable sapidity of hot cocoa! 1972 N.Y. Amsterdam News 6 May a8/2 For a beverage,..try Carnation Instant Hot Cocoa Mix for a hot drink they can stir by themselves. 1999 Mountain Democrat (Placerville, Calif.) 13 Oct. a5/2 The creature, which they assume was a bear, had eaten their supply of freeze dried lasagna; power bars; soup; powdered hot cocoa, Tang and Gatorade; [etc.]. 2003 L. Scott Sober Kitchen 21 Hot chocolate, unlike hot cocoa, is generally made with solid chocolate, while the latter makes use of unsweetened cocoa powder. hot comb n. a heated comb, esp. one used to straighten curly hair. ΚΠ 1919 L. Lloyd Lice vi. 74 Head-lice..are irritated by heat..and the hot comb approaching makes them become active. 1923 Mexia (Texas) Daily News 15 Nov. 2/7 Absolutely straightens stubborn hair without hot combs. 2002 C. Williams Sugar & Slate 68 I could still feel the faint sting from the hot comb burns high on my forehead. hot composting n. the production of compost via rapid aerobic decomposition, in which a high temperature (and hence a relatively hygienic product) is achieved. ΚΠ 1933 J. F. Styer Mod. Mushroom Culture v. 32 The various effects of the hot composting are completed in every particle of the compost. 1990 Guardian (Nexis) 27 July Like a sort of airless and flameless combustion, a hot-composting process could run continuously, ‘burning’ the national stream of rubbish hygienically. 2011 S. Davies Composting Inside & Out v. 72 There is a lot of buzz around the topic of hot composting. hot coppers n. (see copper n.¹ 8). hot corner n. (a) Hunting an area where there is a great deal of game, esp. game that has been farmed or raised to be hunted; (b) Baseball third base (apparently with reference to fielding hard shots from right-handed batters; cf. senses A. 9b, A. 9d). ΚΠ 1870 Fraser's Mag. Apr. 529/2 I detest battues and hot corners, and slaughter for slaughter's sake. 1889 R. Mulford in J. McBride High & Inside (1980) 58 The Brooklyns had Old Hicks on the hot corner all afternoon and it's a miracle he wasn't murdered. 1992 St. Petersburg (Florida) Times (Nexis) 7 Oct. 1 a The hot corner of this hunt was where Batten's field abutted the state forest and the back lawn of a Holiday Inn. Every few minutes birds appeared overhead. 2004 N.Y. Mag. 3 May 46/1 The Mets' current third baseman..will be superfluous with the development of top hot-corner prospect David Wright. hot cupboard n. (a) a heated cupboard (usually part of a stove) for warming plates, dishes, etc.; cf. hot closet n. (a); (b) an airing cupboard; also figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > stove or cooker > [noun] > plate-warmer plate warmer1721 hot closet1798 hot cupboard1820 hotplate1925 the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing clothes and textile articles > [noun] > airing cupboard hot cupboard1820 airing cupboard1883 society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > cupboard or cabinet > [noun] > airing hot cupboard1820 airing cupboard1883 hot press1962 1820 Times 3 Jan. 4/5 (advt.) A capital kitchen-range, with hot cupboard and steam apparatus. 1877 W. Gilbert Them Boots iv. 86 They all expressed their gratitude to the man who had invented hot cupboards, wherein the linen could be comfortably dried without being hung out on lines. 1931 S. Beckett Proust 51 The Cartesian hotcupboard of the Guermantes library. 1959 Observer 12 Apr. 14/5 The bathroom..is assumed to be on first-floor level, adjoining a bedroom with access to water-heater hot-cupboard from the passage. 1997 Publican 27 Jan. 36/4 (advt.) Commercial catering auction... Gas & electric fryers, portable bain maries & hot cupboards. † hot curving machine n. Engineering Obsolete a device for bending hot-rolled rails. ΚΠ 1880 Engineering 29 372/2 Nearly every steel rail mill in the United States has the Gustin or some other good hot curving machine. hot dark matter n. Astronomy dark matter consisting of non-baryonic particles whose motion soon after the big bang was very energetic. ΘΚΠ the world > the universe > diffused matter > [noun] > dark matter > types of cold dark matter1984 hot dark matter1984 1984 J. R. Primack & G. R. Blumenthal in NATO ASI Ser. C 117 166 We will consider here the physical and astrophysical implications of three classes of elementary particle DM [= Dark Matter] candidates, which we will call hot, warm, and cold. (We are grateful to Dick Bond for proposing this apt terminology.) Hot DM refers to particles, such as neutrinos, which were still in thermal equilibrium after the most recent phase transition in hot early universe.] 1984 Science 1 June 973/1 For cosmological purposes such particles are known as ‘cold’ dark matter, as opposed to ‘hot’ dark matter composed of massive neutrinos. 2002 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) A. 360 1279 Early cosmological simulations showed that the galaxy distribution in a universe dominated by hot dark matter would not resemble that observed in our Universe. hot date n. colloquial (originally U.S.) a date with someone, offering prospects of a sexual encounter or a romantic relationship; (also) a person with whom one has (or may have) such a date. ΚΠ 1925 Sheboygan (Wisconsin) Press 1 Sept. Another definition of a cynic is a man who, on the morning of a hot date, gets a cracked lip. 1928 Olean (N.Y.) Evening Times 21 Sept. 7/3 She picks up the art of pecking and immediately becomes broadcasted from one fellow to the other and is known as a hot date. 1999 T. Parsons Man & Boy (2000) xxv. 210 Someone..whose idea of a hot date is some awful nightclub and half a tab of something pretending to be Ecstasy? 2006 Daily Mail (Nexis) 12 Aug. 48 The candles are lit, the music's on low,..and on the other side of the flickering flame sits my hot date for the night. hot flue n. (a) a pipe for hot water or steam; (b) a heated chamber for drying fabrics. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > other specific types of equipment > [noun] > industrial drying equipment hot flue1805 hydro-extractor1851 whizzer188. the world > matter > liquid > dryness > [noun] > making dry > drying by specific method > chamber or building hothouse1555 hot flue1805 1805 Times 20 July 3/3 (advt.) A productive garden of about 2 acres, a greenhouse, with hot flues, fish-ponds, [etc.] 1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 227 The calico being padded in it, is to be dried in the hot-flue. 1918 W. V. Cruess Home & Farm Food Preserv. (1919) xii. 109 Heat is supplied at the bottom from hot flues or from steam pipes. 1998 Textile Horizons Sept. 8/1 Equipment includes..a continuous dyeing range, complete with padder, infra red pre-dyer, Thermex hotflue and washing machine. hot foil adj. and n. Printing (a) adj. designating printing machines and processes in which a thin layer of material (typically metal or plastic) is transferred to a surface by being stamped or pressed on to it using a heated die; (b) n. a thin layer of material used to produce an image, hologram, etc., in hot foil printing. ΚΠ 1957 Times 30 Oct. 6/5 Hot foil printing operation on Ronson's latest polythene Presentation Razor Case. 1989 Technovation 9 510 The rapidly expanding market of dry transfer foils, or hot foils as they are now known, would be a product suitable to accept the embossed hologram surface relief profile. 1995 Leonardo 28 277 We also shoot photoresist masters for embossed holograms on stickers or hot foil. 2004 Independent (Nexis) 2 Apr. (News section) 19 A basement room floor was covered in drying forged bank notes, officers said. In a study were computers, paper, hot foil used in printing, and a hot foil machine. hot fusion n. Physics nuclear fusion occurring at very high temperatures, esp. as a controlled process viewed as a potential source of energy; cf. cold fusion n. at cold adj. Additions. ΚΠ 1977 Nature 14 Oct. 584/1 (title) Muon catalysis of hot fusion. 1987 Progr. Particle & Nucl. Physics 19 231 The first stage was associated with the use of hot-fusion reactions in which the nuclei of uranium or transuranium elements were bombarded with the heavy ions of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen or neon. 2005 Pop. Mech. (Nexis) 1 Oct. 80 When cold fusion didn't pan out, people quickly dismissed dreams of unlimited energy. But research on ‘hot’ fusion—the kind that fuels the sun—has kept right on going. hot hatchback n. colloquial (originally and chiefly British) = hot hatch n. ΘΚΠ society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > powered vehicle > motor car > [noun] > with upward-opening rear door hatchback1970 hatch1975 hot hatchback1983 hot hatch1984 1983 Financial Times iv. (FT Motor Industry Survey) 6 A 130 mph GTi version which should cement VW's position at the top of the ‘hot’ hatchback league. 2003 Press & Jrnl. (Aberdeen) (Nexis) 21 May 2 Not all drivers want a city car that behaves like a hot hatchback, however, so Daihatsu has favoured a cross between a wedge and a cube for space efficiency. hot-hoof adv. (and adj.) (chiefly with reference to hoofed animals) with great speed or haste (cf. hotfoot adv.); also as adj. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > horse defined by speed or gait > [adverb] > swiftly hot-hoof1897 1897 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Dec. 722 To take..a hundred head of bestial hot-hoof over hill and moor. 1934 J. L. Garvin Life Joseph Chamberlain III. li. 89 He had sent a special courier from Mafeking hot-hoof on Jameson's track. 1999 Leicester Mercury (Nexis) 14 Dec. 8 Festive fund-raiser Rudolph continues his hot-hoof tour of the city this week. hot-iron test n. Cheese-making (now historical) a test to determine the acidity of cheese curd, in which a piece of dry curd is melted on a hot iron bar and then slowly removed, and the length the strands of melted curd reach before breaking is estimated, longer strands correlating to higher acidity. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation of dairy produce > [noun] > formation of cheese > processes in cheese-making hoving1741 earning1744 rendling1784 hot-iron test1876 renneting1889 cheddaring1929 1876 Janesville (Wisconsin) Gaz. 18 Jan. A vat of curd exactly answering the requirements of the hot-iron test, when cooled in a moderate manner would make a perfect cheese. 1889 Jrnl. Brit. Dairy Farmers' Assoc. 5 ii. 70 I depend entirely on the hot iron test at this stage [of cheese-making]. 1889 Jrnl. Brit. Dairy Farmers' Assoc. 5 ii. 70 To determine when the curd is ready for salting the hot iron test is again resorted to. 1955 J. G. Davis Dict. Dairying (ed. 2) 209 Hot iron test. This test is held in great esteem by some cheesemakers, but is very crudely carried out. 1998 R. Scott et al. Cheesemaking Pract. (ed. 3) vii. 85 The hot iron test was a very early measure of the effect of the pH on the functional properties of the curd proteins. hot Jupiter n. Astronomy any of a class of low-density extrasolar planets which have a mass similar to or greater than that of Jupiter but which orbit very close to the parent star. ΚΠ 1996 Science 26 July 429/2 Within the group of less massive companions in circular orbits, astronomers have been surprised to find a completely new class of planets, which they dubbed ‘hot Jupiters’. 2001 New Scientist 1 Dec. 16/1 The giant planet is a ‘hot Jupiter’ or ‘roaster’, only 7.5 million kilometres from its sun. 2007 Nature 22 Feb. p. ix Using the Spitzer Space Telescope, an infrared spectrum has been obtained for the transiting ‘hot Jupiter’ HD 209458b. hot lake n. a lake of naturally hot water, typically heated by subterranean volcanic activity (cf. hot spring n.). ΚΠ 1599 tr. F. Vasquez de Coronado in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (new ed.) II. 378 The kingdome of Totonteac..the Indians say is an hotte lake, about which are fiue or six houses. 1792 Analyt. Rev. Apr. 384 In a plain between Seminara and Le Pietre Negre, there appeared an hot lake throwing up its waters into the air. 1858 A. B. Northcote & A. H. Church Man. Qualitative Chem. Anal. vii. 326 The hot lakes or boracic lagoons of Tuscany, into the waters of which the vapours are conveyed which rise from the volcanic bottom. 1902 Settler's Handbk. N.Z. 38 [Rotorua] is the chief township in the hot-lakes district. 2000 Daily Tel. (Sydney) (Nexis) 22 July 26 [She] covered herself in black volcanic mud and wallowed in a hot lake alongside other tourists. hot-looking adj. that looks hot; spec. (of a person, esp. a woman) passionate, lustful; sexually attractive; cf. senses A. 8c, A. 12i. ΚΠ 1835 R. F. Williams Mephistophiles in Eng. I. i. iv. 79 Yonder hot-looking gentleman. 1936 ‘J. Curtis’ Gilt Kid v. 50 She wasn't quite so hot-looking as Maisie... That judy certainly had passion. 1959 Tamarack Rev. xii. 23 How could a hot-looking girl turn out so cold? 1977 Time 28 Feb. 2/2 [A] way I can get away with kissing my..boy friend's older brother (not to mention his hot-looking cousin). 1995 New Yorker 8 May 7/1 The 1995 Women & Weaponry Calendar, which features hot-looking babes wearing bandoliers as halter tops. Hot Lips n. (also with lower-case initials) slang (a) (a nickname for) an energetic or exciting jazz trumpeter (cf. sense A. 12h); (b) (frequently humorous) the lips of a person who kisses passionately; (a nickname for) an attractive or sexy person; one who is or is believed to be a passionate kisser. ΚΠ 1922 H. Busse et al. Hot Lips: Blues Fox Trot (song) 1 They all call him ‘Hot Lips’ for He blows red-hot. 1923 Chicago Tribune 31 July 13/2 The love interest wins your sympathy. Of course, there's none of this ‘hot lips’ stuff throughout the picture. 1929 Chicago Defender 12 Oct. 6/3 The boys are..Reuben Lynch, Charles Washington,..and Oran (Hot Lips) Page. 1938 D. Nichols & H. Wilde in G. Mast Bringing up Baby (1988) (Script Variations) 230 Do you mind if I say goodbye to hot-lips before I go? 1941 Washington Post 25 May i. 5/4 Dr. Henry ‘Hot Lips’ Levine and his agitated eight promise ‘The Kerry Dance’. 1968 ‘R. Hooker’ MASH x. 124 Stop these beasts..from addressing me as Hot-Lips. 2007 Sunday Times (S. Afr.) (Nexis) 15 July (Human Interest section) 8 Old hot lips has revealed that his favourite pastime is ‘kissing, kissing and more kissing’. hot-making adj. British colloquial embarrassing. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > humility > feeling of shame > [adjective] > embarrassed > embarrassing abashing1530 embarrassing1778 hot-making1931 cringy1967 cringe-making1969 cringe-inducing1972 toe-curling1976 cringeworthy1977 cringe2001 1931 Sunday Times 22 Feb. 4/1 This, to use the current phrase, hot-making play. 1958 B. Nichols Sweet & Twenties i. 34 How was it that Queen Marie delivered such hot-making effusions? 2002 Daily Tel. (Nexis) 28 Dec. 1 As for Johnnie, he gets tense and shy, and says that he finds ‘this whole thing’—being interviewed—‘hot-making’. hot melt n. and adj. Manufacturing Technology (a) n. a hot and molten form of a substance which is usually solid at room temperature; (in later use also) an adhesive, coating, etc., which is applied in a heated molten state and which sets as it cools; (b) adj. solid at normal temperatures but capable of being melted for application, e.g. as a coating. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > liquid > making or becoming liquid > action or process of melting > [adjective] > able to be melted > for application hot melt1909 1909 U.S. Patent 915,633 1/1 The lower portion of the drum dips into a hot melt of (impure) sodium sulfid. 1935 U.S. Patent 1,986,961 2/1 The adhesive may be any of the known types commonly used in making laminated paper, such as the so-called cements, hot melt adhesive or the glue type of adhesive. 1965 Times 30 Apr. 7/3 The use of hot melts has been held up because of the lack of suitable machinery. 1969 New Scientist 19 June 641/3 The process is based on the use of papers precoated during production with a very thin film of ‘hot-melt’ plastic resin. 1997 Bryologist 100 381/2 Polyvinyl acetate is well known for its strong adhesion to glass.., but this is only true for ‘hot melts’ (i.e. used as a thermoplastic), not in solvent applications. 1998 Jrnl. Amer. Inst. Conservation 37 41/1 Hot-melt preparations such as gelatine..should be avoided for direct use on glass. hot-mettled adj. of a passionate, impetuous, or fiery temperament. ΚΠ 1648 in J. Raymond Making News (1993) viii. 364 If his nose be not put out of joynt by Some hot-metalled Laird, or nine peny Scotchman. 1698 J. Fryer New Acct. E.-India & Persia 34 Their Horses..are small and hot-mettled. a1872 E. Atherstone Pelopidas i. i, in Dramatic Wks. (1888) 21 Aye—aye—my hot mettled lad! my old thimble may outlast thy young head yet. 1976 Brownsville (Texas) Herald 25 Feb. a14/4 Against the advice of older soldiers, two hot-mettled captains..won permission to lead an assault on the bridge. hot money n. Finance = refugee capital n. at refugee n. Compounds 2. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > financial dealings > types of money-dealing > [noun] > provision of capital > capital or principal > types of stock1598 artificial capital1772 circulating capital1776 natural capital1785 money capital1791 working capital1798 reserve1819 authorized capital1825 current asset1826 loan capital1848 capital asset1851 water1867 capital equipment1893 refugee capital1926 risk capital1927 hot money1936 venture capital1943 risk money1944 exposure1975 1936 P. J. O'Brien Forward with Roosevelt xi. 191 The movements of ‘refugee capital’, or as President Roosevelt and other financiers..described it, ‘hot money’, was an important consideration in the question of currency stabilization. 1971 Daily Tel. 3 Feb. 15 The huge volume of ‘hot money’ coming from abroad to chase high interest rates in Britain. 2002 Foreign Policy Jan. 97/2 The Czech Republic's financial crisis of 1997 is a clear case, as efforts to stabilize the exchange rate attracted inflows of ‘hot money’ that undermined macroeconomic and financial discipline. hot-mouthed adj. (a) restive or ungovernable, like a horse whose mouth is irritated by the bit (obsolete); (b) colloquial characterized by angry or abusive speech; foul-mouthed. ΘΚΠ society > authority > lack of subjection > [adjective] > intractable or recalcitrant unbuxoma1250 unbowsomec1290 sturdy13.. wildc1350 stubbornc1386 unbaina1400 stoutc1410 kimeta1450 staffish?a1513 untractable1538 intractable1545 sullen1577 restiff1578 indocile1603 resty1603 hot-mouthed1609 immorigerous1623 intractive1623 uncompliable1626 restivea1628 non-complying1649 uncompliant1659 incompliant1706 unobliging1707 recalcitrant1797 unbiddable1825 stocky1836 recalcitrary1861 calcitrant1866 non-cooperative1867 recalcitrating1870 ropeable1870 non-cooperating1895 bolshie1918 1609 Bp. W. Barlow Answer Catholike English-man 116 The blinde zeale and rash Censures of some hot-mouthed Ministers in that Country. 1681 J. Dryden Spanish Fryar iii. iii. 39 That hot mouth'd Beast that bears against the Curb. 1776 Entick's New Spelling Dict. (rev. ed.) Hotmouthed, headstrong, ungovernable. 1889 Atlantic Monthly Sept. 339/1 The..man..tore it into strips, stamped it under foot, and filled the cool, still morning air with hot-mouthed curses. 1988 San Diego Union-Tribune (Nexis) 25 Feb. f5 Mulkey is especially good as Billy, a provincial slob who talks a big game of lust until he is verbally accosted by a bold, hot-mouthed mama. hot pint n. chiefly Scottish (now historical) a drink consisting of hot spiced ale, typically also sweetened and strengthened with spirits; cf. hotpot n. 1. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > ale or beer > ale > [noun] > drinks made with ale lambswool1593 cock ale1631 rambooze1656 white ale1701 powsowdie1706 hot pint1739 1739 Proc. Sessions of Peace 1738–9 (City of London & County of Middlesex) No. 4. 75/1 About Ten or Eleven o'Clock, I called for some Liquor; and Ann Bryan..brought up a hot Pint. 1795 J. Sinclair Statist. Acct. Scotl. XV. 44 They may..have it in their power to buy a hot pint, and partake in the general festivity. 1863 R. Chambers Bk. of Days I. 28/2 On the approach of twelve o'clock, a hot pint was prepared—that is, a kettle or flagon full of warm, spiced, and sweetened ale, with an infusion of spirits. 1997 Herald (Glasgow) (Nexis) 27 Dec. 22 Hot pint usually consisted of a mixture of spiced and sweetened ale with an infusion of whisky. hot piss n. [after Middle French, French chaude-pisse chaudpisse n.] a urinary or venereal disease; = chaudpisse n. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > urinary disorders > [noun] > difficulty in urination dysury1398 chaudpissea1400 strangurya1400 droppell-piss1527 strangullion1530 strangurion1547 suppression1564 drop-piss1578 hot piss1578 pain-piss1614 ischuria1675 paruria1822 1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball iii. lxvii. 408 Good against the strangurie, the hoate pisse [Fr. chaudepisse; Du. couwpisse], the stone in the bladder. 1737 H. Bracken Farriery Improved xxx. 443 They cannot mean any Thing else by such Term than that such Horse is clap'd, or has got the Chaude-piss or hot Piss. 1984 D. A. Schulz Human Sexuality xv. 351 Commonly known as ‘the clap’ or ‘hot piss’, the word gonorrhea derives from the Greek word. hot pool n. a body of (naturally) hot water, typically heated by subterranean volcanic activity. ΚΠ 1792 Med. Commentaries for 1791 Decade 2nd 6 ii. i. 240 Closely adjoining to this hot pool, several cold springs rise, from a bed of pumice. 1851 W. Burke Mineral Springs of Virginia xvii. 239 The hot pool, or boiler, as it is usually termed, (106° Fahrenheit,) is the most easterly in the range. 1962 Listener 11 Jan. 57 The whole thermal area of the North Island [of New Zealand], with its hot pools and geysers and blowholes. 2008 Sunday Times (Nexis) 17 Feb. (Travel section) 26 The bathhouse has steam chambers, hot pools and a vigorous masseur. hot pursuit n. close and intense pursuit; (sometimes) spec. continued (and thus legally permissible) pursuit of a suspect, etc., across an international or other jurisdictional border. ΚΠ ?1578 W. Patten Let. Entertainm. Killingwoorth 21 The Deer after hiz property for refuge took the soyl: but so masterd by hot pursuit on all parts that he waz taken quik in the pool. 1840 M. Paine Med. & Physiol. Comm. I. iii. 467 They obtrude upon the enemy's ground. This can only be excused on the principle of ‘hot pursuit’. 1870 W. C. Bryant tr. Homer Iliad II. xv. 107 The foe poured after them In hot pursuit. 1906 F. T. Piggott Nationality II. 40 The principle of hot pursuit applies as well to breaches of the law in force in the territorial waters as to offences committed in the harbour or in the waters of the dominion. 1919 Amer. Jrnl. Internat. Law 13 569 There is ample precedent for the practice of ‘hot pursuit’ in our past relations with Mexico. 1991 N.Y. Times Mag. 15 Sept. i. 86/2 The Schengen agreement..permits police to engage in limited ‘hot pursuit’ across borders. 2004 Sci. Amer. (U.K. ed.) May 83/2 A sea eagle circling overhead with a fish in its beak, with another eagle in hot pursuit. † hot-reined adj. Obsolete eager, keen; fiery, impetuous. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > excitement > excitability of temperament > impetuosity > [adjective] brothc1175 impetuous1398 headya1425 brainish1530 hot-brained1556 hot-headed1603 flashy1632 hot-reined1635 scapperboiling1673 warm1749 étourdi1750 torrentuous1840 impulsive1847 unpoised1872 torrential1877 Latin1914 1635 J. Shirley Lady of Pleasure iv. sig. G2 Your hot reind Monsieur weares it for a shade. 1639 P. Massinger Unnaturall Combat iv. ii. sig. H4^v Like a hot rein'd horse. 1680 Love Lost in Dark Epil., in Muse New-market 38 Hoping the hot-rein'd ravenous Foe to move. hot sate n. = hot set n. ΚΠ 1906 T. Moore Handbk. Pract. Smithing & Forging ii. 17 The hot sate..is made in much the same way as the cold sate. 1942 W. H. Atherton Workshop Pract. (ed. 2) V. 198 Making two small holes..by slitting with the hot sate and opening out slightly..will widen the hole sufficiently to take a drift of the size required. 1974 P. Blandford Country Craft Tools xii. 172 Hot metal was cut in two ways. A ‘hot chisel’ or ‘hot sate’ (‘sett’) could be hit into it. hot sauce n. any of various piquant sauces made with chilli peppers and used as a condiment or ingredient. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > additive > sauce or dressing > [noun] > pepper sauces peveradea1425 pepper sauce1648 Tabasco1652 picante1693 poivrade1699 chilli sauce1846 nam prik1857 hot sauce1874 peri-peri1964 harissa1973 1874 Agric. Gaz. 18 Apr. 488/3 Flavour with hot sauce to suit the taste. 1950 West Coast Sentinel (S. Austral.) 15 Nov. 3/2 The winners [of a tennis tournament] received a bottle of ‘hot sauce’ and a bottle of ‘tomato sauce’ respectively. 2006 W. Jones Smothered Southern Foods i. 34 These vegetarian croquettes contain plenty of deep south flavor, especially when they are served with hot sauce. hot saw n. Engineering a power saw for cutting hot metal, such as rails and bars still hot from rolling. ΚΠ 1873 Lippincott's Monthly Mag. Jan. 17/2 (caption) Hot saw. 1934 F. W. Partington Mech. Technol. (ed. 2) xxxviii. 566 A very handy and almost indispensable tool for the smith's shop is the hot saw. 1989 Jrnl. Operational Res. Soc. 40 366 The system..provides the hot-saw operator with information to adapt cutting for the substitute ingots. hot seller n. a product, etc., that sells well or is extremely popular; cf. seller n.¹ 3. ΚΠ 1894 Washington Post 7 May 7/7 A full set, which costs on its face a little over $16, is a hot seller at $25. 1970 Times 27 Jan. 7/2 After..a line looks like being a hot seller. 2002 Philadelphia Inquirer 22 Dec. e5/3 While children's financial books are generally not hot sellers, they do have a following. hot-selling adj. (of a product, etc.) that sells well; extremely popular. ΚΠ 1948 New Republic 13 Sept. 16/2 The hot-selling-car manufacturers are riding along with the same old models. 2002 N.Y. Times 18 Aug. iv. 4/1 Niche marketing has been the hot selling concept for at least a decade, so why not apply it to airlines? hot set n. (in metalworking) a chisel used for cutting iron or other metal while hot from the forge, often having a long handle perpendicular to the head by which it is held while struck, and typically made of less hard metal than a cold chisel. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > cutting tool > chisel > [noun] > for cutting metal cold chisel1697 set1843 hot chisel1848 sate1883 hot set1888 toe-hardy1909 1888 Lockwood's Dict. Mech. Engin. 183 Hot set, a smith's set,..used for the nicking and cutting of hot metal. 1894 G. Hughes Constr. Mod. Locomotive iii. ii. 155 Upon each side of the vertical an angle of 45° is marked, that is, nicked cold and afterwards heated and removed by a hot set. 1968 J. Arnold Shell Bk. Country Crafts 143 A ‘hot-sett’, comparatively slender, for the white-hot bar. 1988 D. Rees GCSE CDT—Design & Realisation xvi. 153 It is called a cold chisel because it cuts metal that is cold, and to distinguish it from a blacksmith's hot set chisel. hot-sheet n. slang (originally and chiefly U.S.) (a) Police slang a list of stolen items (cf. hot list n. 3); (also) a list of people wanted by the police; (b) attributive designating or relating to a hotel which rents out rooms for short periods, and is often used for prostitution, meetings between lovers, etc.; cf. hot-bed hotel at hotbed n. 3. ΚΠ 1932 Los Angeles Times 3 Mar. ii. 12/1 The automobile was on the police ‘hot sheet’ and bore license plates..that had been taken from a machine in San Diego. 1952 J. Lait & L. Mortimer U.S.A. Confidential i. iv. 42 There are motels that do not go in for the hot sheet trade, but most do... If you drive up with a cutie and no baggage you are welcome—if you get out in an hour or two. 1968 C. Gentry Last Days Great State Calif. 189 There were some people who not only had never in their lives been to a hot-sheet motel but were horrified by the mere idea of such places. 1974 R. L. Hill Nails xii. 129 They had both been behind pipes in the States for stuff like assault, but they were not on the hotsheet lately. 2005 D. McWilliams Pope's Children iv. 46 A highly profitable ‘hot sheet’ hotel, a glorified knocking shop where rooms rent by the hour. hot shift n. Engineering (originally U.S.) a mechanism enabling a change of gear to be made while a vehicle is moving without interrupting the drive to the wheels. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > parts of machines > wheel > [noun] > cog or gear > which allows change of speed or direction > parts of reversing lever1822 reverse lever1839 change-speed1881 reverse1882 Johnson bar1884 gate1906 synchromesh1929 hot shift1971 preselector1979 1971 Power Farming Mar. 15/4 The tractor of the late seventies would be similar in layout to present-day models... The main differences would be in driver comfort,..greater use of hot-shift transmission and quick-attach systems for implements. 2003 Chron.-Telegram (Elyria, Ohio) 20 Feb. e5/4 (advt.) 2003 Kodiak C4500... Hot Shift PTO, Air Conditioning. hot shoe n. (a) U.S. slang a (skilled) racing-car driver; (b) Photography a socket on a camera incorporating electrical contacts for a separate flash unit attached to the camera. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > camera > parts and accessories of camera > [noun] > sockets for accessories accessory shoe1949 shoe1953 hot shoe1955 1955 Los Angeles Times 18 Dec. vi. 1/1 Orange County's newest speed sport involves piloting a pint-size mechanical tornado..around a pint-size dirt track in competition with a host of ‘hot-shoe drivers’, all bent on winning. 1962 G. Olson Roaring Road 30 Wait'll the hot shoes get a look at the car. 1971 Amateur Photographer 13 Jan. 57/1 (advt.) Center flash contact (hot shoe). 1972 L. Gaunt Praktica Way 118 Their single flash contact is in the accessory shoe and is designed for use with flashguns with a contact in the foot (the so-called ‘hot-shoe’ contact). 2002 Digital Photogr. made Easy No. 12. 84/4 Very few digicams seem to have a hot shoe and the built-in flash looks fairly limited in its ability to illuminate at a distance. 2006 Herald-Times (Bloomington, Indiana) 19 May b1/2 All the hotshoes..have been racking up those 226-mph-plus laps. † hot-skull n. Obsolete = hothead n. ΚΠ 1835 E. Bulwer-Lytton Rienzi I. ii. i. 198 I have many of my house, scrupulous as yon hot-skull, to win over. 1843 C. Whitehead Earl of Essex II. xii. 226 What does my hot-skull do, but claps his spurs to his horse's sides, and..rushes upon Southampton. hot smoking n. Cookery a method of preparing meat or seafood in which the food is smoked at high temperatures (between 50°C and 80°C), so that it is both cooked and flavoured. ΚΠ 1914 Racine (Wisconsin) Jrnl.-News 29 Jan. 12/2 Unless ‘hot smoking’ has been used in the preparation of the meats, live worms may remain to set up trichinosis when the smoked meat is eaten in an uncooked condition. 1955 F. G. Ashbrook Butchering xii. 240 In hot-smoking, the fish are hung near the fire. 2002 K. Adler & J. M. Fertig Fish & Shellfish 183 With the hot smoking process, the fish is cooked, not preserved. hot spring n. a spring of naturally hot water, typically heated by subterranean volcanic activity. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > spring > [noun] > hot hot wella1387 hot spring1572 geyser1780 ngawha1843 jetter1870 1572 H. Hawks in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (1600) III. 464 They have in divers places of the countrey many hote springs of water. 1651 N. Bacon Contin. Hist. Disc. Govt. xl. 300 Yet like a dead calm in a hot spring, treasured up in store sad distempers against a back Winter. 1780 tr. U. von Troil Lett. on Iceland (ed. 2) 256 The hot springs in Iceland, several of which bear the name of geyser. 1898 Argosy May 268 Great columns of steam from the hot springs began to show strongly in the fast cooling air. 1931 H. S. Williams Bk. Marvels 72 This hot spring..owes its name to the beautifully tinted incrustation about its borders from deposit of mineral brought up dissolved in the crystal-clear hot water. 2005 J. Diamond Collapse (2006) vi. 197 Iceland's hot springs and geothermal areas are so numerous that much of the country..heats its houses not by burning fossil fuels but just by tapping volcanic heat. hot squat n. U.S. slang an electric chair; = hot chair n. (a). ΚΠ 1928 J. P. McEvoy Show Girl xii. 180 I ought to get something for that don't you think? The chair maybe—better known as the hot squat. 1997 N. DeMille Plum Island xx. 297 If he really did it, I'd do my best to see him get the hot squat, or whatever this state decides to use when they dispatch the first condemned murderer. hot stage n. Microscopy a temperature-controlled stage or chamber fitted to a microscope. ΚΠ 1874 Lancet 11 Apr. 529/1 A very ingenious form of hot stage, both portable and simple, was exhibited by Dr. Carmichael. 1946 F. Schneider Qualitative Org. Microanalysis iv. 90 Some of these hot stages are comparatively simple and can be constructed by the analyst himself. 2007 Polymer 48 5136/1 The effect of the recovery temperature on the shape recovery of the specimens was investigated on a Nikon Microscope equipped with a hot stage. hot stopping n. [apparently < hot adj. + stopping n., although the meaning of the second element in this compound is unclear] slang (now rare) a hot mixture of spirits and water. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > distilled drink > [noun] > spirits and water > hot toddy1741 tod1797 warm with1838 hot stopping1840 hot with1840 1840 Northern Star & Leeds Gen. Advertiser 8 Feb. 7/1 We, down at Wapping, Are drinking hot-stopping. 1843 R. S. Surtees Handley Cross II. viii. 224 No fire—no singing kettle, for hot stopping, as was wont, and the elder-wine bottle remained in the cupboard. 1861 G. J. Whyte-Melville Market Harborough (ed. 12) ii. 13 No man can..drink hot-stopping the last thing at night, and get up in the morning without remembering that he has done so. 1910 W. B. Forbes 'Hounds, Gentlemen Please!' 355 My visitor had evidently mixed himself some fairly strong ‘hot stopping’. hot stove n. (also with capital initials) [with reference to discussion taking place around a hot stove in a store, bar, etc., during the winter] North American colloquial (attributive) designating discussion of a particular sport between periods of play or in an off-season (frequently in hot-stove league); designating a person who discusses sport in this way; also in extended use. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > supporting > [adjective] > discussion hot stove1908 1908 Sporting Life (Philadelphia) 19 Sept. 3/2 This situation..will give the ‘fans’ something to talk about when the Hot Stove League opens its season. 1919 N.Y. Tribune 21 Jan. 8/4 When the literary hot stove league gathers and fans about the war's best poem. 1952 Time 18 Feb. 55 Hot stove leaguer, in the U.S., anyone who likes to talk at length..about recent developments in his favorite sport—which is usually baseball. 1962 Hockey Canada Nov. 12/2 Things we have missed may be mulled over in Hot Stove sessions which are as old and as popular as the sport of hockey itself. 1994 Sports Illustr. 25 Apr. 30/1 It's fun to have a hot stove league in the NFL. hot streak n. originally and chiefly U.S. Sport a period of exceptional performance or luck. ΚΠ 1930 Moberly (Missouri) Monitor-Index 29 Jan. 6/1 The Trenton team got a hot streak in the last minutes of play and tossed several long shots through the ring for a 16-12 windup in their favor. 1966 Times 28 June 6/2 Serving four double faults in the first set,..he none the less hit a hot streak in the middle of the match that would test anyone left in the field if he can reproduce it. 2003 M. Droney Mix Masters xiii. 13 His latest hot streak places him once again at the top of the charts with mixes for back-to-back number ones. hot strip mill n. Manufacturing Technology a rolling mill used in steel production in which steel slabs are heated in a furnace and rolled into thin strips. ΚΠ 1922 New Castle (Pennsylvania) News 12 Apr. 24/2 The West Leechburg Steel company..recently purchased a new hot strip mill for its plant at Leechburg. 1946 Econ. Jrnl. 56 493 The main addition to capacity, however, is a new hot strip mill, with additional pig iron and ingot capacity to match. 1995 R. Protheroe-Jones Welsh Steel 39 The hot strip mill was a continuous mill which was enormously faster than the old process of rolling single sheets and produced a superior product. hot tear n. [ < hot adj. + tear n.²] Metallurgy a rupture produced in a casting or ingot as the metal cools and contracts. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > qualities of metals > [noun] > imperfections > ruptures in casting hot tear1933 hot tearing1945 1933 Jrnl. Iron & Steel Inst. 127 566 The application of certain principles of casting design is important in eliminating the danger of hot-tears. 2007 Nature 4 Jan. 35/2 Later on in the solidification process this can trigger cracks—‘hot tears’—that are among the most severe defects encountered in casting and welding processes. hot tearing n. Metallurgy the formation or occurrence of hot tears. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > qualities of metals > [noun] > imperfections > ruptures in casting hot tear1933 hot tearing1945 1945 Jrnl. Iron & Steel Inst. 151 380P The degree of hot tearing..can be minimised or often eliminated by using steel with a lower sulphur content. 1998 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) A. 356 927 Hot tearing becomes possible if the rate of shrinkage exceeds the maximum possible flow rate of feeding. hot-tempered adj. †(a) passionate, lustful (obsolete); (b) bad-tempered, irascible. ΚΠ 1673 R. Baxter Christian Directory i. vi. 314 He can much easier tempt..a sanguine or hot tempered person to lust, and wantonness. a1791 F. Hopkinson Misc. Ess. (1792) II. 32 Every hot tempered, over-bearing, ill-mannered fellow. 1873 J. A. Symonds Stud. Greek Poets vii. 196 Oedipus, the hot-tempered king. 1946 Liberty 15 June 86/2 The two hot-tempered Pittsburghers are fond of each other but cannot avoid an occasional tiff. 2005 Nation 27 June 34/3 She was hot-tempered and ready to clock anyone who gave her grief. hot ticket n. colloquial (originally U.S. Theatre) a person or thing that is currently very popular or in great demand. ΚΠ 1936 C. Washburn Come into my Parlor vi. 65 The Everleigh Club was..a ‘hot ticket’. 1991 Boston Apr. 68/1 This hopeful candidate is a hot ticket. 1994 Sunday Times 6 Mar. iii. 3/1 The high-profile success of a handful of players has transformed them from niche operators far from the mainstream of money management into the hottest ticket in town. 2002 High Country News 27 May 7/2 Cultural tourism may be a hot ticket in some parts of the West. hot tip n. colloquial (originally U.S. Horse Racing) a particularly pertinent and reliable piece of advice or (inside) information; (also) a subject of such information, esp. a horse which is tipped to win a race. ΚΠ 1891 Decatur (Illinois) Morning Rev. 15 July Acclaim was the hot tip and the favorite, but Aloha went to the front almost from the start. 1941 Jrnl. Higher Educ. 12 153/2 I wanted hot tips on how to write the great American novel. 1990 D. Lucie Doing the Business in Fashion, Progress, Hard Feelings, Doing the Business (1991) 263 I certainly didn't think I'd get it [sc. a job]. Not against Roland... He was the hot tip. 2005 Mail & Guardian (Johannesburg) 4 Feb. (Friday Suppl.) 11/3 Eddie..ropes in Tamia to follow up a hot tip. hot top n. Metallurgy a refractory container for holding a reservoir of molten metal at the top of a mould during the solidification of an ingot, which can supply metal to fill the space lost by contraction of the ingot as it cools and thereby prevent pipe (pipe n.¹ 23). ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > metalworking equipment > [noun] > casting equipment > mould > parts or accessories of mould flask1697 sharp1703 core1728 oddside1836 drawback1843 cope1856 nowel1864 rapping plate1876 prod1888 knock-out1893 undercut1909 hot top1917 tundish1926 pipe chaplet1934 natch1941 parting1967 1917 U.S. Patent 1,226,123 2/1 This difficulty is overcome by the use of the hot top or funnel, which rests upon the top of the mold during pouring. 1983 Proc. Royal Soc. A. 385 328 Improvements in production are made on using the wide end up mould with reverse taper in the hot-top region. hot tray n. a heated tray for keeping food hot, esp. one with a built-in electric heating element. ΚΠ 1940 T. Burke Streets of London through Cent. iv. 104 He sold, not pies, but puddings which he carried about the town on a hot tray. 1950 Anniston (Alabama) Star 10 Jan. 5/5 The problem of keeping food hot for tardy husbands is solved by a new electric hot tray. 2000 Business Day (S. Afr.) 28 Jan. 12/7 A wonderful display of traditional boerekos, with most of the flavours ruined by waiting buffet-style in bains marie and hot trays. hot trod n. (Also hot tred) Scottish and English regional (northern) (now historical) the immediate tracking and pursuit of raiders from the other side of the border between England and Scotland; the right to continue such a pursuit over the border; cf. hot pursuit n. ΚΠ c1600 in J. Balfour Practicks (1754) 610 It sall be lauchful to the said wardane [sc. of the Marches] to persew the chase in hot tred, until sic time and place as fugitive..be apprehendit. 1774 T. Pennant Tour Scotl. 1772 68 Persons who were aggrieved..were allowed to pursue the hot-trode with hound and horn. 1777 J. Nicolson & R. Burn Hist. Westmorland & Cumberland I. p. xviii It shall be lawful for the said warden to pursue the chace in hot trod.., unto such time and place as the fugitive or offender be apprehended, and to bring them again within heir own jurisdiction. 1805 W. Scott Lay of Last Minstrel v. xxix. 295 (note) The pursuit of Border marauders was followed..with blood-hounds and bugle-horn, and was called the hot-trod. 1887 H. Dalziel Brit. Dogs I. xi. 159 The law of hot-trod, which implied tracking the rievers at once. 1999 D. Brook & P. Hinchcliffe North to Cape 21 An alternative was to resort to the ‘Hot Trod’, the legal right to pursue the assailant and recover property. hot tub n. (also hotub) originally U.S. a large (frequently outdoor) bath filled with hot aerated water, used by one or more people for recreation or physical therapy. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing oneself or body > [noun] > bathing > vessel for bathing in > types of furo1615 semicupium1634 bidet1766 hip bath1806 slipper-bath1829 sitz bath1842 saucer bath1860 Roman tub1911 ofuro1934 bathinette1936 Jacuzzi1966 hot tub1973 plunge pool1973 1973 ‘L. Elder’ (title) Hot tubs: how to build, maintain & enjoy your own. 1981 Chron.-Telegram (Elyria, Ohio) 10 Dec. f2/2 (advt.) Spas, hotubs..installation and maintenance guidance. 1988 J. McInerney Story of my Life x. 155 The four of us in the hot tub drinking Cristal wrecked on Quaaludes and we're like joking around about having an orgy. 2002 Independent 15 Feb. 11/1 A man who inhaled spray from an outdoor hot tub during a shopping trip to a garden centre died within days from Legionnaires' disease. hot-tubber n. originally North American a person who bathes in a hot tub. ΚΠ 1979 Harrowsmith 11 104/4 U.S. hot tubbers take less of a soaking—prices are roughly 50 per cent less. 2004 J. MacNiven Breakfast at Bucks 272 We would zoom in on the naked hot-tubbers at Esalen in Big Sur. hot tubbing n. originally U.S. the action of bathing in a hot tub. ΚΠ 1973 Los Angeles Times 8 June ii. 1/1 If hot tubbing keeps the Santa Barbara crowd looking that young.., then every body needs heat. 2006 Evening News (Edinb.) (Nexis) 17 Mar. 22 Sliding into the steaming hot water while the cold air nips at your ears is, apparently, one of the greatest joys of hot-tubbing. hot tube n. Engineering (now historical) (in some early internal combustion engines) a metal or porcelain tube, closed at the end, which projected from one end of the cylinder and was heated externally by a flame, so that it ignited the mixture forced into it during the compression stroke; usually attributive in hot-tube ignition.Quot. 1856 refers to a heating stove; quot. 1886 to an external-combustion engine burning hydrocarbon fuel. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > machines which impart power > engine > internal-combustion engine > [noun] > parts of > other parts thermo-siphon1834 crank-case1878 manifolda1884 hot tube1889 sump1894 hit-and-miss governor1897 engine pit1903 retard1903 head1904 gasket1915 gravity tank1917 cylinder block1923 transfer case1923 swirl chamber1934 manifolding1938 ignition switch1952 catalytic converter1955 small block1963 cat1988 1856 U.S. Patent 14,648 1/2 The gases in passing down the hot tube K, will come in contact with the air admitted through the register B, and will ignite. 1886 U.S. Patent 350,783 2/1 The jet of steam and hydrocarbons in passing through the hot tube J becomes highly heated before burning when it issues from J.] 1889 U.S. Patent 402,549 3/2 The ignitor-valve..permits the pressure of the explosive cylinder-charge to drive the aforesaid products of combustion into the chamber 66, and the inflammable charge, following into the hot tube, becomes ignited. 1890 W. Robinson Gas & Petroleum Engines iii. 35 With hot-tube ignition..there is the possibility of premature and irregular explosions. 1963 A. Bird & F. Hutton-Stott Veteran Motor Car Pocketbk. 67, 1899 Clément-Panhard... Engine: Transverse,..hot-tube ignition. 2001 Stationary Engine Mag. Mar. 25/3 One of the more noticeable differences between this engine and its earlier counterpart is the use of high-tension magneto ignition in place of hot tube ignition. hot walker n. North American Horse Racing a person who leads a horse at walking pace in order to let it cool down after strenuous exercise; cf. to walk hots at Phrases 16. ΚΠ 1956 Lima (Ohio) News 26 Apr. 43/4 In the morning, Jackie..leads a horse around, acting as a ‘hot walker’. 2004 Chicago Tribune (Midwest ed.) 9 May x. 17 (caption) The grooms, hot walkers and exercise riders who keep the more than 2,000 resident horses happy and fit on Arlington's backstretch. hot wall n. Horticulture (now historical) a wall containing built-in flues to warm it and so assist in ripening the fruit of trees trained against it. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > gardening > equipment and buildings > [noun] > hot-wall hot wall1739 the world > food and drink > farming > gardening > equipment and buildings > [noun] > greenhouse or glass-house > hothouse stow1614 hothouse1629 stove1697 hot wall1739 moist stove1806 tan-stove1828 warm-house1843 stove-house1860 1739 P. Miller Gardeners Dict. II. 7 Directions for building and managing of Hot-walls, either for accelerating the ripening of Fruit early in Summer, or for bringing such late-ripe Fruit to Perfection. 1777 W. Wilson (title) The forcing of early fruits, and the management of hot walls. 1853 Times 12 Mar. 11/1 (advt.) The garden..has extensive hot-houses and hot walls. 1999 S. Campbell Walled Kitchen Gardens 4 A dozen hot walls and hothouses, some over 100 yards..long, provided thousands of figs, pineapples, grapes, strawberries and peaches all year round. hot war n. [in sense (b) after cold war n. at cold adj. Compounds 4] (a) war characterized by particularly intense and violent conflict; an instance of this; cf. sense A. 9a; (b) open warfare, active hostilities; an armed conflict (opposed to cold war; now the usual sense). ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > war > types of war > [noun] > active or open war open warc1380 hot war1600 shooting war1941 1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. xliv. 1182 Antiochus now king of Syria..made hot war [L. bellum..gerens] upon his younger brother, who then held Alexandria. 1768 J. Lees Jrnl. (1911) 39 The Chipawas..were at this time in a hot war with the Sous. 1937 C. W. Elliott Winfield Scott iv. 42 The city was boiling with excitement and war fever... A hot war was in immediate prospect. 1947 Portland (Maine) Press Herald 22 Apr. 4/1 Perhaps life is a dream... Cold war or hot war, it is not a pleasant dream just now. 1955 Times 5 July 11/6 It is a reasonable assumption that a hot war would be measured in months if not weeks. 2002 S. Pinker Blank Slate (Book Club ed.) xvii. 306 Though the cold war is a memory, and hot wars between major nations are rare, we still do not have peace in the world. hot warrior n. [after cold warrior n. at cold adj. Compounds 4] a participant in or advocate of open warfare (against a particular adversary); cf. hot war n. (b), cold warrior n. at cold adj. Compounds 4. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > war > militarism > [noun] > warmongering > warmonger war-hawk1798 war-dog1813 war-man1814 warmonger1817 levier1831 sabre-rattler1928 hot warrior1950 1950 Washington Post 21 Mar. 8/3 Intelligence is the eyes and ears of the hot warriors as well as the cold warriors. 1966 New Statesman 22 July 116/2 It is more likely that the hot warriors..want to use rash behaviour in Hanoi to authenticate the next escalation. 1993 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 10 Sept. a27/1 I discount all the sudden hot warriors, the journalists and politicians who made a career of hounding the armed forces they now summon to action. hot wave n. a spell of exceptionally hot weather; a heat wave. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > hot weather > [noun] > spell or season of heat1390 hot wave1876 heatwave1878 1876 Constitution (Atlanta, Georgia) 23 July Excessive heat has prevailed thus far this summer... The weather-wise now predict that the hot wave is about to pass into Norway and from thence to the north of Russia. 1968 G. R. Rumney Climatol. xi. 198 The familiar but unwelcome heat wave, or hot wave, of eastern North America. 2007 Myrtle Beach (S. Carolina) Sun-News (Nexis) 11 Aug. c1 At least the current hot wave doesn't have a name..like..Hugo or something. hot wind n. a mass of hot dry air that blows over land, esp. for great distances from the interior in parts of Australia, North America, and some other land masses. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > wind > [noun] > hot or warm wind > hot or warm and dry red winda1400 hot wind1600 1600 R. Surflet tr. C. Estienne & J. Liébault Maison Rustique iii. li. 547 It is meete..that the oyle cellars be scituate towards the North, quite on the other side from the hot windes. 1797 Encycl. Brit. VI. 402/1 A sign of the approaching Simoom or hot wind. 1809 T. D. Broughton Lett. Mahratta Camp (1892) x. 83 The hot winds have set in. 1900 W. Stebbing C. H. Pearson 289 He revelled in the Victoria hot-wind days which shrivelled up everybody else. 2001 S. Roaf et al. Ecohouse (2002) 284 The West House takes advantage of the prevailing northwesterly hot winds that blow during the hot-dry seasons. † hot-windy adj. Australian Obsolete characterized by hot winds. ΚΠ 1861 ‘Old Bushman’ Bush Wanderings 231 In Melbourne a hot-windy day is called a ‘brick-fielder’, on account of the dust which darkens the sky. 1871 ‘Dingo’ Austral. Rhymes 18 The dust and the hot-windy weather. hot wing n. (a) Aeronautics an anti-icing system in which hot exhaust from the engine is fed through channels along the leading edge of the aircraft wing; frequently attributive; (b) originally and chiefly U.S. a chicken wing deep-fried and coated in a spicy sauce (usually in plural); = Buffalo wing at Buffalo n.² ΚΠ 1944 H. R. Byers Gen. Meteorol. xxii. 549 Recently the ‘hot wing’ has been introduced for deicing purposes. 1981 Syracuse (N.Y.) Herald-Jrnl. 17 Feb. 10/3 (advt.) Chicken Wings... Prepare your own hot wings from six recipes! 1998 R. N. Buck Weather Flying (ed. 4) xv. 220 Hot wings..are turned on and the wing heated before getting ice. The hot wing never lets ice form. 2004 L. McKeithan Understanding Men xxvii. 128 Sometimes we may find ourselves in places with crappy bathrooms, sleazy clientele, or a menu that consists of only hot wings and tequila. † hot with n. colloquial Obsolete a mixture of hot spirits and water with sugar; cf. cold without n. at cold adj. Compounds 4, with prep. 26b(b); also figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > distilled drink > [noun] > spirits and water > hot toddy1741 tod1797 warm with1838 hot stopping1840 hot with1840 1840 R. H. Barham Execution in Ingoldsby Legends 1st Ser. 71 There is ‘punch,’ ‘cold without,’ ‘hot with,’ ‘heavy wet.’ 1862 W. M. Thackeray Wks. (1872) X. 211 How do you like your novels? I like mine strong, ‘hot with’. 1892 T. H. Huxley in L. Huxley Life & Lett. T. H. Huxley (1900) II. 319 One might as well prophesy the effect of a glass of ‘hot-with’ when the relative qualities of brandy, water, and sugar are unknown. C4. Manufacturing Technology. Predicatively with verbal nouns and past participles, and often with transitive verbs corresponding to them (sometimes occurring later as back-formations and sometimes earlier), denoting an industrial or manufacturing process or its result. Also hot-press v., hot-work v. hot-dip adj. involving hot dipping; used for or applied by hot dipping. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > working with specific materials > working with metal > [adjective] > methods of coating hot-dip1912 passivifying1915 passivating1918 anodized1933 passivizing1975 1912 Times 10 Apr. 20/3 The hot-dip galvanizing process. 1971 Engineering Apr. 61/2 Croda Chemicals Ltd..supply both hot-dip strippable wax coatings as well as plastics. 1998 Materials World Apr. 219/1 Zinc coatings were applied by hot dip galvanizing—dipping prepared steel in molten zinc. hot-dipped adj. (of an object) having a coating applied by hot dipping; (of a coating) applied by hot dipping. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > plated or coated metal > [adjective] > in specific way foliate1626 foileda1680 galvanized1839 struck1881 Bonderized1932 hot-dipped1935 prefinished1935 1935 Winnipeg Free Press 30 Dec. 17 (advt.) Square Wash Tubs... Rustproof, hot-dipped. 1983 J. S. Foster Struct. & Fabric (rev. ed.) I. iii. 116/2 If steel ties are used these should be hot-dipped galvanised. 2006 Y. Fukada et al. in S. Ganesan & M. Pecht Lead-free Electronics x. 572 The use of hot-dipped tin plating presents far less risk than electro-tin plating. hot dipping n. the application of a coating to an article either by dipping it in a bath of hot liquid, or by dipping it hot in a bath of liquid. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > working with specific materials > working with metal > [noun] > coating with metal > methods of barrel-plating1911 hot dipping1913 Parkerizing1919 Bonderizing1932 metalliding1967 1913 Times 13 Aug. 20/4 In the manufacture of tinplates.., it is generally found impossible with the hot dipping process to put an efficient coating on steel plates with less than [etc.]. 1954 Plastics Engin. Handbk. (Soc. Plastics Industry, Inc.) x. 300 Successive hot-dipping of objects in a tank of plastisol over the course of several hours will raise the temperature of the plastisol. 1993 Collins Compl. DIY Man. (new ed.) ii. 61/1 Galvanized iron and steel has a coating of zinc applied by hot dipping. When new, this provides a poor key for most paints. hot-draw v. transitive to make by hot drawing, to draw (draw v. 41b) while hot. ΚΠ 1952 J. Delmonte Plastics Molding xiii. 409 It is much more feasible to stock a few sizes and then, when a special tubing is required, hot-draw the tubing down to the required dimension. 1964 Proc. Royal Soc. A. 282 3 Stress concentrators could be removed or made harmless, in glass, by hot-drawing the material into fibres. 2003 Handwoven Jan. 34/1 An acid reaction with an alcohol creates the polyester fiber; it is melt-spun and hot-drawn. hot drawing n. the drawing of wire, tubing, fibres, or the like with the application of heat or while hot. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > manufacturing processes > [noun] > processing > types of heating process burning1559 firework1560 roast1582 coction1684 kelp-burning1845 hot drawing1897 process heating1926 1897 E. C. R. Marks Manuf. Iron & Steel Tubes iv. 33 The bottles are produced from a solid block of steel, which is worked into a cup-shaped blank..then made into a tubular form by hot drawing. 1963 H. R. Clauser Encycl. Engin. Materials 685/1 Typical applications for these steels are..hot-drawing dies..and die casting dies. 2007 Optics & Laser Technol. 39 1301 Polyethylene terephthalate..fibres in the hot-drawing stage of the production process. hot-drawn adj. (of oil) extracted or expressed with the aid of heat; (of wire, tubing, etc.) obtained by hot drawing. ΚΠ 1877 J. M. Ross Globe Encycl. II. 51/2 Castor oil... The hot-drawn is obtained by boiling the seeds, then shelling and pounding to a pulp, and again boiling [etc.]. 1890 Manufacturer & Builder July 149/3 The tensile strength of hot drawn steel wire is 56,460 pounds to the square inch. 1934 C. C. Steele Introd. Plant Biochem. ii. v. 39 The press-cake is then heated at steam-heat and passed into the presses again, giving hot-drawn oil, mainly used for soap-making. 2000 Anatolian Stud. 50 183/2 A similar process of extracting hot-drawn oil from safflower seeds..yields a thick, black, viscous material used for waterproofing. hot gilding n. gilding in which an amalgam of gold or silver is applied to a surface and the mercury content subsequently driven off by heating. ΚΠ 1789 C. R. Hopson in tr. J. C. Wiegleb Gen. Syst. Chem. ii. i. vii. 577 Hot-gilding is performed in the very same various ways, but confined merely to incombustible bodies. 1897 J. H. Van Horne Mod. Electro Plating xi. 147 Hot baths, for hot gilding, work with from 11 grains to 20 grains of gold to the quart. 1999 R. Beer Encycl. Tibetan Symbols & Motifs ix. 209/2 Silver is used in the same gilding processes as gold, with a silver leaf and mercury amalgam being used for ‘hot gilding’. hot-mould v. transitive to make or produce by hot moulding. ΚΠ 1964 N. G. Clark Mod. Org. Chem. xvii. 359 The product is a colourless, transparent solid which may be machined, or hot-moulded. 2006 M. Abd-El Salam & N. Benkerroum in A. Y. Tamime Brined Cheeses v. 172 The curd is squeezed and hot moulded before cooling to 12–18°C. hot-moulded adj. made by or involving hot moulding. ΚΠ 1891 School of Mines Q. 12 191 The space shall be large enough for men to work conveniently, and..the storage of hot moulded slag while cooling. 1962 Times 13 Feb. 4/6 They have offered to build a racing eight by the hot-moulded method. 2000 K. Checkley Cash is still King ii. 43 There is an increasing demand for hot moulded plastics from a wide range of industries. hot moulding n. moulding in which heat is applied either to the material to be moulded (as in injection moulding) or to the mould itself (as in compression moulding). ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > manufacturing processes > [noun] > processing > types of shaping process moulding1327 turningc1440 turnerya1680 turnery work1744 steam-bending1835 wheeling1882 fabrication1926 hot moulding1935 tableting1947 micromachining1955 1935 Thorpe's Dict. Appl. Chem. Suppl. II. 650 For ordinary commercial hot moulding resins, in which rapidity of hardening is of prime importance, the products derived from the simpler phenols and formaldehyde have proved unrivalled. 1938 H. I. Lewenz tr. K. Brandenburger Processes & Machinery Plastics Industry i. 1 Hot moulding, where the hardening process..takes place to some extent simultaneously with the moulding of the paste by tools, which..are heated. 1999 S. Seunarine Princ. Business for CXC (ed. 4) 178 Excelsior Manufacturing Ltd produce plastic dustbins, housewares and office sundries by a hot moulding process. hot-roll v. transitive to make or produce by hot rolling. ΚΠ 1828 London Encycl. XIV. ii. 737/2 They are first hot-rolled, that is, made red-hot..and then passed through a pair of cast-iron rollers. 1925 A. H. Mundey Tin & Tin Industry 95 There was hot-rolled a total of 213,940 base boxes. 1998 APT Bull. 29 28/1 Wrought iron has a very low carbon concentration and is easily hot rolled into rod, beam, and plate sections. hot-rolled adj. made or produced by hot rolling. ΚΠ 1860 Trans. North of Eng. Inst. Mining Engineers 8 14 It would seem that a one inch bar of hot rolled iron bore 26 tons, and the same iron when rolled cold bore 36½ tons per square inch. 1907 J. V. Woodworth Grinding & Lapping iv. 129 The hot rolled and finished steel is the best variety to use. 2003 Proc. Royal Soc. A. 459 166 The initial material was supplied by a commercial producer in the form of hot-rolled plate. hot rolling n. the rolling of metal or other material while it is hot. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > working with specific materials > working with metal > [noun] > rolling rolling1530 milling1613 hot rolling1853 cogging1878 roll-forming1922 skin pass1932 1853 Brit. Patent 718 4 The cold rolling is performed in the same manner as the hot rolling, except that the tube and mandril are cold instead of hot. 1892 Trans. Amer. Soc. Civil Engineers 27 636 The result of hot rolling was to consolidate the sheet of asphalt into a compact mass. 1967 A. H. Cottrell Introd. Metall. xxii. 439 The ingots are taken from their moulds while still hot and then stored in a soaking pit or furnace ready for hot-rolling at 1000–1200° C. 1995 H. Chandler et al. Heat Treater's Guide (ed. 2) 27/2 Wrought products may be normalized..to help reduce banded grain structure due to hot rolling. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online June 2022). hotv. Brit. /hɒt/, U.S. /hɑt/ Forms: early Old English haetendae (present participle), early Old English hattendae (present participle), Old English hagiende (present participle, transmission error), Old English hatian, Middle English hat (3rd singular present indicative), Middle English hoote, Middle English hote, 1500s–1600s 1800s– hot; English regional (west midlands) 1800s– ot, 1800s– 'ot. Past tense Middle English hatte, 1800s– hotted. Past participle Middle English haȝt, Middle English hate, Middle English hatte, Middle English ihat, Middle English yhat, Middle English yhatt, Middle English yhatte, 1500s hoted, 1600s 1800s– hotted, 1800s– yatten (English regional (Yorkshire)). Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: hot adj. Etymology: < hot adj. Compare Old High German heizēn to be hot, to glow. Compare heat v. and the Germanic verbs cited at that entry; some of the Middle English past tense and past participle forms at heat v. could alternatively be interpreted as showing hot v.In Old English the prefixed form gehātian to become hot (compare y- prefix) is also attested; compare also ahātian to become hot (compare a- prefix¹), onhātian to become hot (compare on- prefix). †1. intransitive. To be or become hot. Also figurative. Obsolete. ΚΠ eOE (Mercian) Vespasian Psalter (1965) xxxviii. 4 Concaluit cor meum intra me et in meditatione mea exardescit ignis : hatade heorte min binnan me & in smeange minre born fyr. OE tr. Pseudo-Apuleius Herbarium (Vitell.) (1984) xc. 130 Genim þas ylcan wyrte, wyrc to duste, do on ða wunde. Þonne byþ heo sona hatigende. c1300 (?c1225) King Horn (Cambr.) (1901) l. 608 (MED) Þe sarazins he smatte Þat his blod hatte. a1400 Sir Degarre (Egerton 2862) l. 350 in Neuphilol. Mitteilungen (1971) 72 92 And wiþ þe lord fast he gan hoote. ?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 169 (MED) An humour vnwisely treted, turned in to coldnes & grosnez, nedeþ to his saniacioun for to chaufe, i. hote, and for to drien. 2. transitive. To heat. Also figurative. Now chiefly in to hot up 1a at Phrasal verbs. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > heating or making hot > heat or make hot [verb (transitive)] lew971 anheatOE heatc1000 warmOE hota1200 enchafec1374 eschaufec1374 chafea1382 achafea1400 calefy1526 heaten1559 glow1599 foment1658 to hot up1846 sultry1897 a1200 MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 109 (MED) Þe sunne..þincheð ful of hete, for þat hat alle þing þe on eorðe wecseð. c1475 ( Surg. Treat. in MS Wellcome 564 f. 71 (MED) So þat it be wel hate at þe fier. 1561 J. Hollybush tr. H. Brunschwig Most Excellent Homish Apothecarye f. 7 Take two tyles that be hoted. 1610 J. Healey tr. J. L. Vives in tr. St. Augustine Citie of God xviii. xiii. 680 Pelethronian Lapiths gaue the bit, And hotted rings. 1622 G. Markham & W. Sampson Herod & Antipater iv. i His sicknesse Madam rageth like a Plague, Once hotted neuer cured. 1847–78 J. O. Halliwell Dict. Archaic & Provinc. Words Hot, to heat, or make hot. Notts. 1881 Society 2 Feb. Water hotted and a steaming bowl of punch prepared. 1952 S. Selvon Brighter Sun ix. 188 Urmilla went to hot the food. 1978 ‘J. Gash’ Gold from Gemini 34 I peeled two spuds and hotted the oil. 3. transitive. colloquial. To make a situation dangerous or difficult for. Cf. to hot up 3b at Phrasal verbs. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > difficulty > of difficulty: beset (a person) [verb (transitive)] > put (a person) in difficulty mire?c1400 to make (a place, situation, etc.) too hot for1582 difficult1641 to wind (oneself) a (bonny) pirn1660 swamp1818 to be rough on1860 taigle1865 soup1895 hot1920 to hot up1927 the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > danger > endanger [verb (transitive)] > make a place dangerous for to make it (or things) warm for (a person)1793 hot1920 1920 Blackwood's Mag. Oct. 473/1 Since the enemy could get to within fifty yards, practically out of sight, the moment the troops there did fall back they would be properly ‘hotted’. Phrasal verbs With adverbs in specialized senses. to hot up colloquial. 1. a. transitive. To heat (something) up. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > heating or making hot > heat or make hot [verb (transitive)] lew971 anheatOE heatc1000 warmOE hota1200 enchafec1374 eschaufec1374 chafea1382 achafea1400 calefy1526 heaten1559 glow1599 foment1658 to hot up1846 sultry1897 1846 J. T. J. Hewlett Great Tom of Oxf. III. xv. 263 Please, miss, cookey only hotted it up by master's orders. 1878 M. E. Braddon Open Verdict xix. 139 I'll go and get things hotted up for you. 1913 E. Phillpotts Widecombe Fair 29 You'd better hot up some more poultices. 1928 J. Galsworthy Swan Song ii. iv. 138 Let me hot up your stew. 1989 O. S. Card Prentice Alvin xv. 210 If you don't mind hotting up your stove there, we can get water from Gertie's well yonder and set it to steaming in no time. b. intransitive. To become hot, to heat up. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > be hot [verb (intransitive)] > become hot heata700 chafe1393 heatenc1540 to hot up1897 1897 H. E. Browning Girl's Wanderings in Hungary 159 She fetched the iron pot with some soup in it, and put it on to ‘hot up’. 1967 M. Chandler Ceramics in Mod. World iv. 132 The higher the frequency the more the insulator will hot up. 1984 A. Mockler Haile Selassie's War v. 62 On the first day, only twenty-two miles out, the little Fiat-Ansaldo tanks hotted up to 120 degrees. 2. transitive. To alter (an engine, vehicle, or component) so as to increase its power and acceleration, or to improve some other characteristic; cf. soup v. 3. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > machines which impart power > engine > operate engine [verb (transitive)] > increase power or efficiency to hot up1920 soup1931 stretch1960 1920 Times 29 June 11/3 The principal way in which an engine of normal external appearance is ‘hotted up’ is in modifications of the valve gear. 1945 Jrnl. Royal Aeronaut. Soc. 49 205/1 The Americans have had considerable success in ‘hotting up’ engines once intended for airline use. 1948 G. Frost Flying Squad v. 55 Many of the processes involved in hotting up these cars are of a confidential nature, but two mechanical secrets of the Squad can be revealed. 1950 Hansard Commons 472 2036 Our present submarines are being ‘hotted-up’ with fast battery drive. 1984 W. L. Mitchell & A. Girdler Corvette (new ed.) 10 I'd probably be a Buick dealer today, hotting up somebody else's cars instead of my own. 1996 G. E. White Offenhauser 12/2 Many other drivers and mechanics had their own cams ground to hot up Miller's conservative valve timing. 3. a. intransitive. Of an activity: to become more intense. Also: (of an adverse situation) to become increasingly difficult or uncomfortable. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > quantity > increase in quantity, amount, or degree > [verb (intransitive)] > in intensity or degree waxc897 reforce1490 rise1594 fortify1605 strengthena1616 harden1625 intend1655 thicken1672 exasperate1742 intensify1853 thick1879 to hot up1922 to build up1936 1922 P. G. Wodehouse in Cosmopolitan Dec. 126/2 ‘Things are hotting up.’ ‘What's happened now?’ 1936 P. G. Wodehouse Laughing Gas xiii. 146 It did not need a razorlike intelligence to show me that things were hotting up, and that flight was the only course. 1958 Daily Mail 3 Sept. 1/2 The cold war being fought out between Britain and Iceland in the rich fishing grounds of the northern seas hotted up yesterday. 1969 Times 28 July 18/6 (heading) Pacific air route battle hots up. 1979 M. Leigh Abigail's Party i, in Abigail's Party & Goose-pimples 24 The party certainly seems to be hotting up at your place. 2005 Cosmopolitan Aug. 15/1 I'd been meeting up with this gorgeous brunette..for a few days and it was hotting up between us. b. transitive. To make a situation difficult or uncomfortable for (a person). Cf. hot adj. 9a. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > difficulty > of difficulty: beset (a person) [verb (transitive)] > put (a person) in difficulty mire?c1400 to make (a place, situation, etc.) too hot for1582 difficult1641 to wind (oneself) a (bonny) pirn1660 swamp1818 to be rough on1860 taigle1865 soup1895 hot1920 to hot up1927 1927 C. D. Bruce Hist. Duke of Wellington's Regiment 65 We hotted them up with gun fire at irregular intervals throughout the day. c. transitive. To intensify (an activity). Also: to make (an adverse situation) more difficult or uncomfortable. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > quantity > increase in quantity, amount, or degree > [verb (transitive)] > increase the intensity of multiplya1398 sharpenc1450 heighten1523 height1528 strengthen1546 aggravate1549 enhance1559 intend1603 enrich1620 re-enforce1625 wheel1632 reinforce1660 support1691 richen1795 to give a weight to1796 intensify1817 exalt1850 intensate1856 to step up1920 to hot up1937 ramp1981 1937 Times 16 Sept. 14/4 A telegram..saying that if ‘Mr. X’ did not pay the £140 a writ would be issued. That..was done with the idea of ‘hotting up’ things a bit for ‘Mr. X’. 1958 Times 12 Aug. 7/2 The General Assembly is the place to hot things up. 1973 Guardian 28 May 2 The need to avoid actions which would ‘hot up this cod war’. 1984 Daily Tel. 24 Sept. 16/1 Acorn launched its bid for a share of the business computer market..and is therefore hotting up an already-feverish competition. d. transitive. To make (something or occasionally someone) more lively or exciting. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > pleasure > cheerfulness > make cheerful [verb (transitive)] > make cheerful and lively alacriate1560 enlivea1617 enliven1701 frisk1802 liven1821 pearten1851 effervesce1866 to liven up1873 to hot up1929 goose1970 to funk up1972 to funk out1995 1929 Rhythm Feb. 9/2 Hugh..handles his band very judiciously, playing fairly straight, but ‘hotting it up’ when the crowd gets going. 1939 R. Lehmann No More Music 56 You seem to have hotted her up nicely. 1941 Musical Times Oct. 375/2 A classical or semi-classical musical work being ‘hotted up’ to suit what they possibly imagine is the popular taste. 1958 J. Carew Wild Coast xii. 161 The drummerboys hotted up the rhythm. 1994 New Yorker 21 Feb. 106/1 Orton had already made a mental note to hot up the new play. 2001 P. Fletcher World Musics in Context iv. xvi. 576 Tunes from the minstrel shows were hotted up. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022). hotadv. Brit. /hɒt/, U.S. /hɑt/ Forms: Old English (Middle English chiefly northern) hate, Middle English hayte (northern), Middle English haytt (northern), Middle English hoot, Middle English hoote, Middle English hote, Middle English whoot, Middle English– hot, 1500s hotte, 1900s– 'ot (nonstandard); Scottish pre-1700 hait, pre-1700 hat, pre-1700 hate, pre-1700 hayt, pre-1700 heat. Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Perhaps also partly formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: hot adj. Etymology: Cognate with Middle Dutch heete (Dutch heet ), Old Saxon hēto (Middle Low German hēte ), Old High German heizo (Middle High German heize , heiz , German heiß ) < the Germanic base of hot adj. In later use perhaps independently re-formed < hot adj. Compare hotly adv. 1. With great heat, at a high temperature; pungently. Frequently modifying a following attributive adjective or participle used attributively (usually hyphenated). ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > taste and flavour > sourness or acidity > [adverb] > pungently hotOE eagerlyc1390 hotly1565 pungitively1617 pungently1658 zingily1951 zingingly1952 the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > [adverb] > hotly hotOE hotly1565 OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 1st Ser. (Royal) (1997) xxix. 423 Lecgað ða isenan clutas hate glowende to his sidan. a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) iv. l. 979 (MED) Phebus..schyneth upon Erthe hote And causeth every lyves helthe. c1400 (?a1300) Kyng Alisaunder (Laud) (1952) 573 (MED) Þe briȝth sonne so hoot shoon. a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1957) i. vi. 185 Ane hundreth altaris..Hait byrnnyng full of Saba sens. a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 3 (1623) iv. x. 28 The Sunne shines hot . View more context for this quotation 1633 P. Fletcher Purple Island i. lvii. 15 Boyling in sulphur, and hot-bubbling pitch. 1730 J. Thomson Autumn in Seasons 147 Adhesive to the tract Hot-steaming. 1848 G. F. Ruxton Life in Far West in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Oct. 434/2 Washing down the hot-spiced viands with deep draughts of wine and brandy. 1856 E. K. Kane Arctic Explor. II. xxix. 292 With hot-tingling fingers pressed against the gunwale of the boat. 1906 C. M. Doughty Dawn in Brit. II. vi. 102 On the hot-shining sea, to noon-tide draws. 1951 T. Capote House of Flowers in H. Brickell O. Henry Prize Stories of 1951 (1951) 38 Here the sun burned hot but the shadows were cold. 1992 Taos (New Mexico) News 1 Oct. b4/3 Be aware that local cedar or juniper burns very hot, but it pops violently and sparks fly all over. 2. figurative. Passionately, fervently, intensely, eagerly, rapidly, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > manner of action > violent action or operation > [adverb] strongeOE hotOE unsoftOE snellya1000 stitha1000 stronglyOE woodlyc1000 hatelyOE unridelyc1175 wood1297 mainlyc1300 dreec1330 spackly?c1335 brothelyc1340 bremelya1375 fiercelya1375 violentlya1387 throlyc1390 roughlya1400 snarplya1400 unrekenlya1400 dreichlyc1400 ranklyc1400 witherlyc1400 maliciouslya1450 fervently1480 roidlyc1480 thrafully1535 vehement?1541 toughly1589 sickerly1596 vengeously1599 virulently1599 rageously1600 ragefullya1631 churlishly1657 improbously1657 rampantly1698 fierce1771 savagerous1832 fulgurantly1873 franticly1883 the mind > will > wish or inclination > desire > vehement or passionate desire > [adverb] hotlyeOE hotOE ardently1340 firely1340 concupiscentlyc1450 zealously?1495 fierily1600 concupiscentially1627 the mind > emotion > anger > [adverb] hotlyeOE wrothec950 wrothlyOE moodilyOE thraftlyc1275 wrathfullyc1330 teenfullya1375 heavyc1380 angerlya1387 angrilyc1400 irouslya1450 fumously1459 wrethfullyc1475 hot1487 irefully1490 wrothfullya1500 wrothly?a1500 melancholily1536 enragedlya1572 fumingly1597 iracundiously1599 teenouslya1600 passionately1615 warmly1776 wrathily1847 heatedly1862 irately1883 spunkily1890 wrothily1898 OE Phoenix 477 Þæs þe hi geheoldan halge lare hate æt [h]eortan, hige weallende dæges ond nihtes dryhten lufiað. a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) i. 2595 (MED) Glodeside he loveth hote. c1450 (c1386) G. Chaucer Legend Good Women (Fairf. 16) (1879) Prol. l. 59 Ther loved no wight hotter in his lyve. 1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) x. 693 The Erll was handlyt thair sa hat. 1551 T. Wilson Rule of Reason sig. Uij^v He toke the matter very hotte. 1594 W. Shakespeare Lucrece sig. C3 Tweene frozen conscience and hot burning will. View more context for this quotation 1678 J. Bunyan Pilgrim's Progress sig. G4 It came burning hot into my mind,..when he got me home to his House, he would sell me for a Slave. View more context for this quotation 1795 Ld. Nelson Let. 27 Aug. in Dispatches & Lett. (1845) II. 75 The French cavalry fired so hot on our Boats. 1816 Ld. Byron Siege of Corinth vi. 12 Fast and hot Against them pour'd the ceaseless shot. 1910 Westm. Gaz. 24 Mar. 5/3 The 21-h.p. Rating race will be one of the hottest contested events ever held at Brooklands. 1924 T. E. Lawrence Let. 19 Mar. (1938) 459 A[rabia] D[eserta] is selling hot in U.S.A. 1944 Esquire's Jazz Bk. 28 The number of men who sing hot is extremely limited. 1977 Rolling Stone 19 May 75/2 I meet Zhango who was looking for a violinist to ‘play hot’. Phrases to come (also go) in hot. a. colloquial (chiefly North American). To arrive at a high or dangerous speed. ΚΠ 1940 R. Ingersoll Rep. on. Eng. xii. 181 The ship came in hot just before dawn. 2011 Bluefield (W. Va.) Daily Tel. (Nexis) 1 Mar. They were coming in for a landing, but they were coming in too hot and had to turn around. b. colloquial (chiefly North American). To arrive or start doing something with great energy or speed; to take an intense or highly enthusiastic approach to something, esp. from the outset. ΚΠ 1962 Show (N.Y.) Sept. 102/1 A good team, last year's Cincinnati Reds, went into a Series without momentum... A team no better, the 1959 Los Angeles Dodgers, went in ‘hot’, won the Series. 2017 @ravekatxD 21 Nov. in twitter.com (accessed 17 Mar. 2021) My boy @blakeisenglish coming in HOT with them vocals!! c. Military slang. To make a sudden intense attack, especially by entering a combat situation while firing one's weapon or weapons. ΚΠ 1967 H. A. Mulligan No Place to Die vi. 145 The ‘guns’ came in ‘hot’, meaning with their rockets and machine guns firing. 2009 New Yorker 6 July 47/1 If we go in hot we are going to kill civilians. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online June 2022). hotint.n.³ Brit. /hɒt/, U.S. /hɑt/, South African English /hɒt/ Forms: 1700s ote, 1800s hott, 1800s– hot. Origin: A borrowing from Dutch. Etymon: Dutch hot. Etymology: < South African Dutch hot (interjection) command to a draught ox to turn in a direction away from the side of the wagon on which the driver is sitting, (adjective) designating that direction (usually ‘left’, but occasionally also ‘right’, depending on the position of the driver; Afrikaans hot ) < Dutch hot right (1550), also a call to a horse or ox to turn right (apparently 18th cent. or earlier), of unknown origin. Compare German hott call to a horse to turn right or to walk faster (15th cent.). Compare haar int., and see discussion at that entry.The semantic difference between the Dutch and Afrikaans uses of the interjection is due to different customs regarding the side where the driver is sitting, as hot originally means ‘away from the side of the wagon on which the driver is sitting’, its opposite haar ‘towards the side of the wagon on which the driver is sitting’. There is no evidence for Dutch hot in sense ‘to the left’, neither in the standard language nor in dialects. South African. Now historical and rare. Used as a command to a draught ox to turn in a direction away from the side of the wagon on which the driver is sitting. Also as n.: a command of this type. Cf. haar int. ΚΠ 1785 G. Forster tr. A. Sparrman Voy. Cape Good Hope I. 127 Each ox..will pay attention, and go to the right or to the left, merely upon hearing its own name pronounced with a ote or a aar added to it. 1812 A. Plumptre tr. H. Lichtenstein Trav. S. Afr. I. 14 The drivers manage the animals with merely calling to them; every ox has his particular name, and by pronouncing the word hot or haar, they turn to the right or left according to the signification of the word used. 1821 C. I. La Trobe Jrnl. Visit S. Afr. (ed. 2) 54 He continually calls to his cattle by their names, directing them to the right or left by the addition of the exclamations of hott and haar, occasionally enforcing obedience to his commands by a lash. 1870 Cape Monthly Mag. 1 194 Literally, I did not know my right hand from my left when hot stood for one and haar for the other—sounds intelligible enough to the most stupid bullock that ever bore the yoke. 1919 S. Afr. Jrnl. Sci. July 5 The descriptive hot and haar was employed in calling the names; thus Hot Bandom! or Haar Donker! 1919 S. Afr. Jrnl. Sci. July 5 The words hot and haar described whether they were on the near or off side; thus hot or haar achter signified left or right wheeler. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.²a1400adj.n.¹eOEv.eOEadv.OEint.n.³1785
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hotn.2

hotadj.n.1

Phrases

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hotv.

Phrasal verbs

hotadv.

Phrases

hotint.n.3

hotn.²

hotadj.n.¹

hotint.n.³