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单词 gola
释义

golan.1

Brit. /ˈɡəʊlə/, U.S. /ˈɡoʊlə/
Inflections: Plural golas, unchanged.
Forms: 1600s 1800s gula, 1600s– gola.
Origin: A borrowing from Italian. Etymon: Italian gola.
Etymology: < Italian gola S-shaped moulding on a cornice (15th cent.), neck or entrance of a bastion (1609), specific sense developments of gola throat (13th cent.) < classical Latin gula (see gula n.).In form gula with remodelling after classical Latin gula. For this form, N.E.D. (1900) gives the pronunciation (giū·lă) /ˈɡjuːlə/.
1. Fortification. The neck or entrance of a bastion. Cf. gorge n.1 6. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > earthwork or rampart > [noun] > bastion > parts of
orecchionc1585
pome1598
face1648
orillon1648
gola1663
neck1668
gorge1669
neckline1672
shoulder1672
epaule1702
demi-gorge1706
pan1707
throat1728
1663 N. Boteler War Practically Perform'd 20 As for the defects of the Gola of a Bulwork, they are not to be reformed and made wider.
2. Architecture. A moulding on a cornice, consisting of a continuous double curve, S-shaped in cross-section; = cyma n. 1. Cf. ogee n. 2a. gola recta n. a moulding in which the convex part of the profile projects beyond the concave part; = cyma recta at cyma n. 1. gola reversa n. a moulding in which the concave part of the profile projects beyond the convex part; = cyma reversa at cyma n. 1.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > column > [noun] > entablature > cornice > cymatium
cyma1563
cymatium1563
cymaise1656
gola1664
cyme1877
kymation1883
1664 J. Evelyn tr. R. Fréart Parallel Antient Archit. i. ii. 11 In a Cornice, if the Gola [Fr. la doucine], or Cymatium of the Corona; the Coping, the Modilions, or Dentelli make a noble shew by their graceful projectures;..it is most certain, that this manner will appear solemn and great.
1728 R. Morris Ess. Anc. Archit. 51 Cymatium, or, as some call it, Gola.
1771 G. Marshall tr. A. B. Desgodets Anc. Buildings Rome II. xxiii. 52 He puts also under the gola of the top of the cornice a fillet which is not there.
1840 P. A. Nuttall Classifical & Archæol. Dict. 347/2 The parts [of the Doric order] consist of the base, the dado,..the corona, the gola reversa, and the gola recta.
1904 Monist 14 164 Two oblong quadrilateral pedestals decorated with magnificent Etruscan gola.
1992 Archit. Hist. 35 58 A variant, not dissimilar to the gola on the Temple of Minerva, was the large ovolo moulding carved with egg and dart which took the place of modillions in the cornice of the Temple of Antoninus and Faustina in Rome.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

Golan.2adj.

Brit. /ˈɡəʊlə/, U.S. /ˈɡoʊlə/, West African English /ˈɡola/
Inflections: Plural unchanged, Golas.
Forms: 1600s Gala, 1800s– Golah, 1800s– Gola, 1900s Gora.
Origin: A borrowing from Gola. Etymon: Gola Gola.
Etymology: < Gola Gola, self-designation.In the form Gala after Dutch †Gala (1668 in the passage translated in quot. 1670; now Gola).
A. n.2
1. A member of an indigenous, traditionally agricultural people of western and northwestern Liberia and eastern Sierra Leone.
ΘΠ
the world > people > ethnicities > peoples of Africa > peoples of West Africa > [noun]
Fulbe1623
Mandingo1623
Akani1662
Gola1670
Ashanti1705
Beninese1705
Wolof1745
Igbo1757
Susu1786
Temne1791
Mossi1819
Ibibio1822
Koranko1825
Vaia1832
Sherbro1836
Yoruba1843
Akan1849
Songhai1851
Yoruban1853
Mitshi1854
Ijo1856
Igbirra1863
Soninke1869
Efik1876
Kanuri1876
Fante1879
Malinke1883
Mande1883
Kissi1884
Nupe1885
Mende1887
Ho1890
Benin1897
Limba1902
Munchi1905
Kono1909
Senufo1911
Tallensi1920
Yakö1926
Mandinka1957
Tiv1960
Togolese1962
Loma1964
1670 J. Ogilby tr. O. Dapper Naukeurige Beschrijvinge in Africa 381 On the Borders of Hondo and Manot, beyond the fore-mention'd great Wood, dwell the right Galas.
1856 J. L. Wilson Western Afr. i. ii. 96 The country of the Golas lies to the east of Monrovia, and at the distance of a hundred miles or more from the sea-coast.
1906 H. H. Johnston Liberia I. vii. 88 Dapper's ‘Gala’ are evidently the Gora of to-day and the ‘Golahs’ of..the last century.
1962 Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 96 515 The Mende..look upon the..Gola to the south as incompetent and inferior agriculturalists.
2013 B. Everill Abolition & Empire in Sierra Leone & Liberia ii. iv. 103 The slavers were mostly Dei and Gola, either acting on their own, or cooperating with Pedro Blanco and his factor.
2. The Niger-Congo language of this people.
ΘΠ
the mind > language > languages of the world > African languages > Niger-Kordofanian > [noun] > Niger-Congo > Niger-Congo proper languages > Gola
Gola1906
1906 H. H. Johnston Liberia II. xxxii. 1139 Gora is spoken in Western Liberia, along the east and west banks of the Lower St. Paul's River.
1990 L. P. Monts Annotated Gloss. Vai Musical Lang. 36 The names for some parts..are the same in Vai, Mende, and Gola.
2016 in J.-M. Iyi Humanitarian Intervention & AU-ECOWAS Intervention Treaties iii. 92 I could speak Gola, so I told them I was Gola. If I had told them I was Mandingo, they would have killed me.
B. adj.
Of or relating to the Gola or their language.
ΘΠ
the world > people > ethnicities > peoples of Africa > peoples of West Africa > [adjective]
Akani1686
Ashantian1705
Igbo1732
Mandingo1744
Nago1775
Temne1791
Wolof1828
Nupe1829
Kru1835
Gola1843
Mpongwe1844
Efik1849
Yoruban1853
Mossi1854
Fulbe1857
Ewe1861
Fan1861
Ibibio1862
Akan1863
Fon1864
Soninke1870
Mende1872
Ijo1883
Mande1883
Yoruba1883
Mitshi1892
Benin1893
Munchi1908
Yakö1926
Tallensi1936
Tiv1939
Limba1954
Kissi1957
Loma1957
the mind > language > languages of the world > African languages > Niger-Kordofanian > [adjective] > of or relating to Gola
Gola1843
1843 Afr. Repository & Colonial Jrnl. June 171 We found ourselves opposite ‘Gobby’, a Golah town, situated on a small island in the St. Paul's river.
1870 B. Anderson Narr. Journey to Musardu 33 A near relation of the King's..was a Golah man.
1962 Jrnl. Afr. Hist. 3 34 Public truths..represent ultimate or ideal values in the Gola conception of themselves as social beings with a noble heritage and a vital future.
1990 Afrikanistische Arbeitspapiere Sept. 21 We may consider the Gola noun phrase to be a clause constituent containing a noun in the sense defined above.
2009 Washington Post (Nexis) 23 Aug. a1 The new University of Liberia Alumni Chorus sang ‘Kah Beneh Kah’, another song that von Ballmoos had arranged, sung in the Gola dialect.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.11663n.2adj.1670
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更新时间:2025/2/3 13:09:16