Abazan.adj.

Brit.

/əˈbɑːzə/, U.S.

/əˈbɑzə/

Inflections: Plural Abazas, unchanged.

Forms: 1600s–1800s Abasses (plural), 1700s Abasa, 1800s Abases (plural), 1800s Abazah, 1800s– Abaza.

Origin: Probably of multiple origins. A borrowing from French. Probably also partly a borrowing from Russian. Etymons: French Abaza; Russian abaza.

Etymology: Originally (in quots. 1693 and 1729 at sense A. 1) < French Abaza member of a north-west Caucasian people (1663 as †Abassa in a translation from Italian), in later use probably < Russian abaza (1781 or earlier); both ultimately < Abaza abaza , self-designation. Compare German Abasa (1787 or earlier as †Abassa ). Compare Russian abaz member of this people (1781 or earlier; compare also the Old Russian forms cited at Abkhaz n.). With use as adjective compare Russian abazinskij , (rare) abazskij . Compare earlier Abkhaz n. and later Abkhazian n. With use as adjective compare earlier Abkhaz adj. and later Abkhazian adj.

A. n.

1. A member of a north-west Caucasian people, inhabiting mainly the Karachay-Cherkess Republic in Russia.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > ethnicities > peoples of the Caucasus > [noun]

Circassian1555

Svan1601

Mingrelian1613

Abkhaz1686

Abaza1693

Lezgin1728

Ossetian1794

Abkhazian1799

Adyghe1799

Ainu1811

Chechen1814

Ossete1814

Kabardian1824

Tat1834

Laz1836

Caucasian1843

Svanetian1854

Ossetin1869

Gurian1876

Avar1881

Ingush1902

Megrelian1961

Megrel1967

1693 J. A. Barnard Bohun's Geogr. Dict. (new ed.) 1/2 Abasses or Abcasses, a People of Mount Caucasus, bordering on Mengrelia, well-shap'd and vigorous.

1729 Gen. Hist. Turks, Moguls, & Tatars II. i. xii. §iv. 618 The Abasses are certain People inhabiting the Mountains of Caucasus on the side of the Black Sea.

1792 J. Smirnove tr. S. I. Pleshcheev Surv. Russ. Empire i. vi. 61 The Abkhazi, or Abasa, are divided into three different tribes.

1814 F. Shoberl tr. J. Klaproth Trav. Caucasus & Georgia xxvi. 315 The authority of the Tscherkessian princes formerly extended over the Ossetes, the Tschetschenzes, the Abasses, and the Tartar tribes.

1820 W. Turner Jrnl. Tour Levant III. 431 The Abazà (a particular race of the Georgians).

1892 S. Baring-Gould Strange Survivals xii. 258 In the Caucasus, among the Abazas, when a boy dies he is put into a wooden coffin with a hole in it, and hung up in a tree.

1917 Jrnl. Amer. Oriental Soc. 37 226 Her father, an Abaza, was the..superintendent of the gatekeepers..of the important man Ozdamir-Oghlu Osman Pasha.

1984 R. Wixman Peoples of USSR 2 In the pre-Soviet period the Abaza were considered to be a group of Abkhaz living in the Kuban area.

2002 Bull. School Oriental & Afr. Stud. 65 170 A considerable number of Circassians, Abazas and Chechens came to the rescue of their kindred Abkhazians and fought alongside Abkhaz forces.

2. The language of this people, classified with Abkhaz in the Abkhaz-Adygey subgroup of north-west Caucasian languages.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > languages of the world > Caucasian > [noun] > north Caucasian

Abaza1840

Adyghe1840

Circassian1842

Abkhazian1855

Abkhaz1875

Chechen1928

Ubykh1951

Ingush1954

Kabardian1956

1840 J. S. Bell Jrnl. Resid. in Circassia II. xxi. 53 Along the coast the people reckon three languages, viz., Adighe, as far south as the small stream Bû..; Abaza, between the Bû and Hamish, and Azra, thence southward.

1956 Trans. Philol. Soc. 1955 138 Abaza displays no such clear distinction as that of Noun and Verb in most Indo-European languages.

1979 Trans. Philol. Soc. 232 According to the 1970 census there were 96,331 speakers of Adyche, 311,078 of E. Circassian in the USSR. This contrasts with 24,449 speakers of Abaza and 79,835 of Abkhaz.

1998 A. Dalby Dict. Langs. 1/1 The literary form of Abaza is based on the Tapanta dialect.

B. adj.

Of, belonging to, or relating to the Abaza or their language.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > ethnicities > peoples of the Caucasus > [adjective]

Circassian1638

Alan1705

Lezgin1780

Abkhaz1788

Mingrelian1788

Ossetin1788

Abaza1823

Lezgi1828

Ainua1837

Adyghe1847

Ossetic1850

Ossetian1854

Svanetian1854

Abkhazian1856

Avarian1875

Ossete1884

Ossetan1892

Kabardian1902

Gurian1932

1823 W. Glen Jrnl. Tour from Astrachan to Karass 217 A number of Abaza villages near the source of the Cuma.

1845 Encycl. Metrop. XIX. 532/2 An Abázah chief.

1917 Jrnl. Amer. Oriental Soc. 37 226 Evliya's mother had been..an Abaza slave girl.

1956 Trans. Philol. Soc. 1955 128 The Abaza language has experienced a succession of orthographies, based on Arabic, Roman, and Cyrillic letters.

1977 Language 53 450 An excellent sketch of some areas of Abaza phonology and morphology..exists.

1991 Sydney Morning Herald (Nexis) 16 Nov. 20 The delegates of the Caucasian Mountain peoples' Congress, representing the Abaza, Abkhaz,..Lak, Ossetin, Cherkes, and Shapsug nationalities have proclaimed their intention to set up an independent North Caucasian Mountain Republic.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	abaza
释义	Abazan.adj. Brit. /əˈbɑːzə/, U.S. /əˈbɑzə/ Inflections: Plural Abazas, unchanged. Forms: 1600s–1800s Abasses (plural), 1700s Abasa, 1800s Abases (plural), 1800s Abazah, 1800s– Abaza. Origin: Probably of multiple origins. A borrowing from French. Probably also partly a borrowing from Russian. Etymons: French Abaza; Russian abaza. Etymology: Originally (in quots. 1693 and 1729 at sense A. 1) < French Abaza member of a north-west Caucasian people (1663 as †Abassa in a translation from Italian), in later use probably < Russian abaza (1781 or earlier); both ultimately < Abaza abaza , self-designation. Compare German Abasa (1787 or earlier as †Abassa ). Compare Russian abaz member of this people (1781 or earlier; compare also the Old Russian forms cited at Abkhaz n.). With use as adjective compare Russian abazinskij , (rare) abazskij . Compare earlier Abkhaz n. and later Abkhazian n. With use as adjective compare earlier Abkhaz adj. and later Abkhazian adj. A. n. 1. A member of a north-west Caucasian people, inhabiting mainly the Karachay-Cherkess Republic in Russia. ΘΚΠ the world > people > ethnicities > peoples of the Caucasus > [noun] Circassian1555 Svan1601 Mingrelian1613 Abkhaz1686 Abaza1693 Lezgin1728 Ossetian1794 Abkhazian1799 Adyghe1799 Ainu1811 Chechen1814 Ossete1814 Kabardian1824 Tat1834 Laz1836 Caucasian1843 Svanetian1854 Ossetin1869 Gurian1876 Avar1881 Ingush1902 Megrelian1961 Megrel1967 1693 J. A. Barnard Bohun's Geogr. Dict. (new ed.) 1/2 Abasses or Abcasses, a People of Mount Caucasus, bordering on Mengrelia, well-shap'd and vigorous. 1729 Gen. Hist. Turks, Moguls, & Tatars II. i. xii. §iv. 618 The Abasses are certain People inhabiting the Mountains of Caucasus on the side of the Black Sea. 1792 J. Smirnove tr. S. I. Pleshcheev Surv. Russ. Empire i. vi. 61 The Abkhazi, or Abasa, are divided into three different tribes. 1814 F. Shoberl tr. J. Klaproth Trav. Caucasus & Georgia xxvi. 315 The authority of the Tscherkessian princes formerly extended over the Ossetes, the Tschetschenzes, the Abasses, and the Tartar tribes. 1820 W. Turner Jrnl. Tour Levant III. 431 The Abazà (a particular race of the Georgians). 1892 S. Baring-Gould Strange Survivals xii. 258 In the Caucasus, among the Abazas, when a boy dies he is put into a wooden coffin with a hole in it, and hung up in a tree. 1917 Jrnl. Amer. Oriental Soc. 37 226 Her father, an Abaza, was the..superintendent of the gatekeepers..of the important man Ozdamir-Oghlu Osman Pasha. 1984 R. Wixman Peoples of USSR 2 In the pre-Soviet period the Abaza were considered to be a group of Abkhaz living in the Kuban area. 2002 Bull. School Oriental & Afr. Stud. 65 170 A considerable number of Circassians, Abazas and Chechens came to the rescue of their kindred Abkhazians and fought alongside Abkhaz forces. 2. The language of this people, classified with Abkhaz in the Abkhaz-Adygey subgroup of north-west Caucasian languages. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > languages of the world > Caucasian > [noun] > north Caucasian Abaza1840 Adyghe1840 Circassian1842 Abkhazian1855 Abkhaz1875 Chechen1928 Ubykh1951 Ingush1954 Kabardian1956 1840 J. S. Bell Jrnl. Resid. in Circassia II. xxi. 53 Along the coast the people reckon three languages, viz., Adighe, as far south as the small stream Bû..; Abaza, between the Bû and Hamish, and Azra, thence southward. 1956 Trans. Philol. Soc. 1955 138 Abaza displays no such clear distinction as that of Noun and Verb in most Indo-European languages. 1979 Trans. Philol. Soc. 232 According to the 1970 census there were 96,331 speakers of Adyche, 311,078 of E. Circassian in the USSR. This contrasts with 24,449 speakers of Abaza and 79,835 of Abkhaz. 1998 A. Dalby Dict. Langs. 1/1 The literary form of Abaza is based on the Tapanta dialect. B. adj. Of, belonging to, or relating to the Abaza or their language. ΘΚΠ the world > people > ethnicities > peoples of the Caucasus > [adjective] Circassian1638 Alan1705 Lezgin1780 Abkhaz1788 Mingrelian1788 Ossetin1788 Abaza1823 Lezgi1828 Ainua1837 Adyghe1847 Ossetic1850 Ossetian1854 Svanetian1854 Abkhazian1856 Avarian1875 Ossete1884 Ossetan1892 Kabardian1902 Gurian1932 1823 W. Glen Jrnl. Tour from Astrachan to Karass 217 A number of Abaza villages near the source of the Cuma. 1845 Encycl. Metrop. XIX. 532/2 An Abázah chief. 1917 Jrnl. Amer. Oriental Soc. 37 226 Evliya's mother had been..an Abaza slave girl. 1956 Trans. Philol. Soc. 1955 128 The Abaza language has experienced a succession of orthographies, based on Arabic, Roman, and Cyrillic letters. 1977 Language 53 450 An excellent sketch of some areas of Abaza phonology and morphology..exists. 1991 Sydney Morning Herald (Nexis) 16 Nov. 20 The delegates of the Caucasian Mountain peoples' Congress, representing the Abaza, Abkhaz,..Lak, Ossetin, Cherkes, and Shapsug nationalities have proclaimed their intention to set up an independent North Caucasian Mountain Republic. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.adj.1693
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