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单词 enteric
释义

entericadj.n.

Brit. /ɛnˈtɛrɪk/, U.S. /ɛnˈtɛrɪk/, /ᵻnˈtɛrɪk/
Forms: 1700s enterick, 1700s– enteric.
Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin entericus.
Etymology: < post-classical Latin entericus (1727 or earlier) < ancient Greek ἐντερικός intestinal < ἔντερον intestine (see enteron n.) + -ικός -ic suffix.Compare French entérique (1778 or earlier).
Chiefly Medicine and Microbiology.
A. adj.
Of or relating to the intestines or (more generally) the digestive tract.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > digestive or excretive organs > digestive organs > intestines > [adjective]
intestinal1599
tripal1709
enteric1764
bowel-like1839
intestiniform1859
intestino-vesical1867
enteral1905
1764 R. Schomberg tr. T. Tronchin Treat. Colica Pictonum xvi. 87 The gastric and enteric [L. entericus] juice is obstructed.
1795 W. Vaughan Evid. Superior Efficacy Cinchona Flava 23 It [sc. Peruvian Bark] causes an increased Secretion of the Gastrick and Enterick Liquors.
1799 J. Walker On Necessity for Contracting Cavities 14 It mingles with the chyle, itself composed of the nutritive part of the aliment, of saliva, of gastric, pancreatic, enteric and bilious fluids, &c.
1833 J. Forbes et al. Cycl. Pract. Med. I. 511/2 The hands and feet are cold and clammy; the sensation they convey to the touch resembles that observed in persons labouring under enteric inflammation.
1847 Lancet 7 Aug. 156/2 At other times, the enteric morbid action passes through the stages of inflammation, ulceration, and gangrene.
1878 F. J. Bell & E. R. Lankester tr. C. Gegenbaur Elements Compar. Anat. 523 These plexuses are distributed on the enteric tube.
1895 Jrnl. Compar. Pathol. & Therapeutics 8 5 An aberrant condition of which [sc. peristalsis] may be induced either by disease, by the irritant action of the enteric contents, or by a perverted neurotic or vascular supply.
1930 W. M. Mann Wild Animals in & out of Zoo iv. 44 Pneumonia and enteric troubles are the great sources of loss.
1941 Jrnl. Pediatrics 19 53 It may be due to other enteric bacteria which today are not generally recognized as enteric pathogens.
1991 Atlantic Feb. 12/2 Among this group were poultry scientists, enteric-disease specialists, veterinarians.
2005 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 23 Aug. d5/2 The role of the enteric nervous system is to manage every aspect of digestion.
2013 Clean Slate Autumn 20/2 Pigs and chickens do not emit methane through enteric fermentation.
B. n.
1. A medication used for the treatment of diseases of the digestive tract. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > treatments of specific parts > [noun]
enteric1849
1849 J. Pereira Elements Materia Medica (ed. 3) I. p. x Class VII. Cœliacs, or remedies acting on the digestive system... 1. Enterics.
2. Enteric fever (typhoid or paratyphoid fever); a case of this. Now chiefly historical.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > fever > [noun] > typhus or typhoid
putrid fever1597
pestilential fever1617
tabardillo1624
synochus1625
Hungaric fever1661
typhus1664
military fever1736
jail distemper1745
hospital fever1750
jail-fever1754
ship-fever1758
typhus fever1780
typhoid fever1789
gastric fever1802
dothinenteritis1826
enteric fever1833
typhoid1837
pythogenic fever1858
thanatotyphus1860
typh fever1861
enteric1872
famine-fever1876
Red River fever1878
laryngo-typhus1888
laryngo-typhoid1896
typh fever1900
paratyphoid1904
1872 Lancet 17 Feb. 231/2 The characteristic eruption of typhus was noted in 400 out of the 411 cases admitted, or in 97·3 per cent.; and the eruption of enteric was observed in 162 out of the 308 admitted, or in 52·5 per cent.
1900 Westm. Gaz. 31 Jan. 5/2 The preventive inoculation for enteric.
1913 Public Health 26 163/2 Not a single one of the enterics originated there [sc. a flooded area of Norwich].
1926 W. R. Inge Lay Thoughts 99 Two of the worst scourges, enteric and tetanus.
1946 Jrnl. Hygiene 44 435/1 The negatives consist chiefly of stools from the cases finally classified as ‘clinical enterics’.
2001 T. Travers Gallipoli 1915 v. 108 He was sent home on 23 July, allegedly suffering from sunstroke or enteric.
3. Any of the bacteria that inhabit the intestines of humans and other animals; (more generally) any bacterium of the family Enterobacteriaceae (cf. enterobacterium n.).
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > organism > micro-organism > bacterium > [noun] > types of
vibrio1850
micrococcus1870
microzyme1870
Spirillum1875
mycothrix1876
leptothrix1877
Spirochaete1877
streptococcus1877
Actinomyces1879
frogspawn1880
schizophyte1880
schizomycetes1881
gonococcus1882
saprophile1882
vibrion1882
coccus1883
diplococcus1883
streptobacteria1883
Clostridium1884
actinomycetes1885
pneumococcus1885
macrococcus1887
staphylococcus1887
iron bacterium1888
Proteus1888
ferrobacterium1890
meningococcus1890
rhizobium1890
sulphobacteria1890
nitrobacterium1891
Streptothrix1891
sulphur bacterium1891
myxobacter1892
Myxococcus1892
tetracoccus1893
coli1894
Pasteurella1895
pyrotoxin1895
Gaertner1897
purple bacterium1897
myxobacterium1898
pseudomonas1899
thiobacteria1900
treponema1908
corynebacterium1909
mycobacterium1909
Salmonella1913
Neisseria1915
botulinum1916
rickettsia1916
leptospira1918
acetobacter1920
Brucella1920
pseudomonad1921
strep1927
enterobacterium1929
opportunist1937
eubacterium1939
agrobacterium1942
persister1944
Moraxella1948
enteric1956
streptomycete1956
leptospire1957
transformant1957
lysogen1958
listeria1961
C. difficile1962
yersinia1967
Campylobacter1971
cyanobacterium1973
coryneform1976
eubacterium1977
legionella1979
acetogen1982
C. diff.1990
acidophilous1996
1956 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 9 June 1378/2 It is not difficult to imagine the sources from which staphylococci or the enterics..may get into the feed.
1984 M. J. Taussig Processes in Pathol. & Microbiol. (ed. 2) iv. 540 Enterobacteriaceae..is a large family of related Gram-negative facultative bacilli (rods) that inhabit the large intestine of man and animals: together with the vibrios, they are often loosely called the enteric bacilli or simply ‘enterics’.
1998 J. T. Barrett Microbiol. & Immunol. Concepts xv. 56 The initial step is based on the use of special differential media that favor the isolation of an enteric from the numerous population of normal bowel flora.
2012 Food Res. Internat. 45 577/2 A number of studies support the hypothesis that contamination of vegetables by enterics may not simply be a random contamination event.

Compounds

enteric fever n. [after post-classical Latin febris enterica (1760 or earlier)] a fever affecting the intestines; spec. typhoid or paratyphoid fever.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > fever > [noun] > typhus or typhoid
putrid fever1597
pestilential fever1617
tabardillo1624
synochus1625
Hungaric fever1661
typhus1664
military fever1736
jail distemper1745
hospital fever1750
jail-fever1754
ship-fever1758
typhus fever1780
typhoid fever1789
gastric fever1802
dothinenteritis1826
enteric fever1833
typhoid1837
pythogenic fever1858
thanatotyphus1860
typh fever1861
enteric1872
famine-fever1876
Red River fever1878
laryngo-typhus1888
laryngo-typhoid1896
typh fever1900
paratyphoid1904
1833 J. Forbes et al. Cycl. Pract. Med. I. 556/2 In gastric and enteric fevers, also, diarrhœa is a frequent symptom.
1847 G. B. Wood Treat. Pract. Med. I. 315 I propose the title of Enteric fever with some diffidence.
1915 Lancet 13 Nov. 1086/2 The agglutination test..gave a positive result in practically every case of enteric fever.
2002 A. N. Wilson Victorians (2003) xxiii. 360 In December 1871 Bertie went down with enteric fever.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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adj.n.1764
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