alosen.

Brit.

/əˈləʊs/, U.S.

/əˈloʊs/

Forms: 1500s aloes, 1500s–1600s 1800s– alose, 1600s allowes.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French alose.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman and Middle French alose (c1180 in Old French; French alose ) < post-classical Latin alausa (4th cent.), alosa (frequently from 12th cent. in British sources; 1790 as genus name in scientific Latin) < Gaulish *alausa , of unknown origin. Compare German Alse (1616; mid 16th cent. as †alose ; Old High German alasa ), Middle Low German allōse , alōse , Italian alosa (a1310), Old Occitan alausa (1397), Catalan alosa , Spanish alosa (1570). Compare later allis n. and perhaps also alewife n.²

Now rare.

The allis shad, Alosa alosa.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > fish > class Osteichthyes or Teleostomi > subclass Actinopterygii > order Clupeiformes > [noun] > family Clupeidae and herrings > member of genus Alosa (shad) > alosa alosa (allice shad)

alose1584

allis1637

1584 Order Conserv. Thames in J. Strype Stow's Survey of London (1720) I. i. ix. 41/2 Fish not yet Assized, viz. Carp, Aloes, Chevin, Pearch, Eeles [etc.].

1591 R. Percyvall Bibliotheca Hispanica Alosa, an Alose or shad.

1620 T. Venner Via Recta iv. 75 The Allowes is taken in the same places that Sammon is.

1674 J. Ray Catal. Fishes 102 Alose: called in other places Shads.

1854 C. D. Badham Prose Halieutics 6 Greasy Alose sputtering from the Stall.

1903 ‘J. Oxenham’ Barbe Grand Bayou (ed. 2) xix. 206 In five minutes he had fish enough for a couple of days: alose weighing two to three pounds.

2002 J. McPhee Founding Fish (2003) 350 Tom Horton..mentions a long-bake method for Alose, the French first cousin of american shad.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

† alosev.

Forms: Middle English allossede (past participle), Middle English alosi, Middle English aloze, Middle English 1600s alose.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French aloser.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman and Old French, Middle French aloser, Anglo-Norman and Middle French alloser to praise, commend (12th cent.; in past participle also in sense ‘renowned, esteemed’) < a- a- prefix⁵ + los lose n.¹ Compare lose v.²

Obsolete.

a. transitive. In passive. With complement or for. To be known or regarded as.

ΚΠ

c1300 St. Edmund Rich (Harl.) l. 248 in C. D'Evelyn & A. J. Mill S. Eng. Legendary (1956) 500 (MED) So noble alosed þer nas non in al þe vniuersite.

c1400 Femina (Trin. Cambr.) (1909) 84 (MED) Wijs ȝe shal be alosed [Fr. alose].

c1440 (?a1400) Morte Arthure l. 3881 (MED) He was lyone allossede in londes inewe.

c1600 (c1350) Alisaunder (Greaves) (1929) l. 139 Bolde þei were And alosed in lond for leeflich knightes.

b. transitive. With of (also for). To make (a person) known for a specified deed, quality, etc. Chiefly in passive.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > damage to reputation > detract from [verb (transitive)] > bring discredit on or bring into disrepute

unworthyc1230

alosea1325

low1340

ensclaundre1389

foulc1390

disparagea1400

deface1529

depress1550

discredit?1550

ignoblec1590

redound1591

reproach1593

blame1596

nullify1603

scandal1606

sinka1616

even1625

explode1629

disrepute1649

disrepute1651

lese1678

rogue1678

reflect1769

disconsider1849

dispraise1879

a1325 (c1280) Southern Passion (Pepys 2344) (1927) l. 113 (MED) Alosed ȝe him makeþ of þeoues recet.

1389 in R. W. Chambers & M. Daunt Bk. London Eng. (1931) 52 Ȝif any of þe breþeren be alosed of þefte..þey be put out of þe breþerhede.

c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) l. 274 For her lodlych laykeȝ alosed þay were.

a1425 (?a1400) G. Chaucer Romaunt Rose (Hunterian) (1891) l. 2354 Who so with loue wole goon..He mote..of largesse a losed be.

c1450 (c1350) Alexander & Dindimus (Bodl.) (1929) l. 1078 (MED) Þe Emperour Alixandre of armus alosed.

2. transitive. To praise, esteem. Chiefly in passive.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > approval or sanction > commendation or praise > commend or praise [verb (transitive)]

heryc735

mickleeOE

loveOE

praise?c1225

upraisea1300

alosec1300

commenda1340

allow1340

laud1377

lose1377

avauntc1380

magnifya1382

enhancea1400

roosea1400

recommendc1400

recommanda1413

to bear up?a1425

exalt1430

to say well (also evil, ill, etc.) of (also by)1445

laudifyc1470

gloryc1475

advance1483

to bear out1485

prizec1485

to be or to have in laudationa1500

joya1500

extol1509

collaud1512

concend?1521

solemnize?1521

celebrate1522

stellify1523

to set up1535

well-word1547

predicate1552

glorify1557

to set forth1565

admire1566

to be up with1592

voice1594

magnificate1598

plaud1598

concelebrate1599

encomionize1599

to con laud1602

applauda1616

panegyrize1617

acclamate1624

to set offa1625

acclaim1626

raise1645

complement1649

encomiate1651

voguec1661

phrase1675

to set out1688

Alexander1700

talk1723

panegyricize1777

bemouth1799

eulogizea1810

rhapsodize1819

crack up1829

rhapsody1847

c1300 11000 Virgins (Laud) l. 39 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 88 (MED) So þat Men ne mouwen Maide non alosed finde aȝein þe.

c1330 (?c1300) Guy of Warwick (Auch.) l. 1849 As kniȝt that wele alosed is.

a1413 (c1385) G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde (Pierpont Morgan) (1882) iv. l. 1473 He shal som grek so prese and wel a-lose.

c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy (2002) f. 149 Syn ȝe [sc. Achilles] alosit ar of longtym.

3. transitive (reflexive). To make a name for oneself; to win praise, earn renown. Also with complement: to prove oneself to be.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > fame or renown > famous or eminent person > gain fame or eminence [verb (reflexive)]

alose1340

renown1606

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 183 To ssewy his strengþe ine tornemens oþer ine viȝtinges him uor to alosi.

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 199 Ine þe viȝtinge..huer þe knyȝt lierneþ, ham proueþ and aloseþ.

c1450 (c1350) Alexander & Dindimus (Bodl.) (1929) l. 1066 (MED) Þe lud [Salonienus] on his lif alosed him so noble, Þat he hevene hadde miht with handus to reche.

Derivatives

alosed adj. famed, esteemed.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > [adjective] > esteemed

toldc1275

alosed1448

esteemed1549

regarded1561

expectablec1565

circumspect1579

valued1602

considered1665

well-considered1826

1448 Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Arms) 450 These .ii. bisshoppes..were the most a losed bisshoppes.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	alose
释义	alosen. Brit. /əˈləʊs/, U.S. /əˈloʊs/ Forms: 1500s aloes, 1500s–1600s 1800s– alose, 1600s allowes. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French alose. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman and Middle French alose (c1180 in Old French; French alose ) < post-classical Latin alausa (4th cent.), alosa (frequently from 12th cent. in British sources; 1790 as genus name in scientific Latin) < Gaulish alausa , of unknown origin. Compare German Alse* (1616; mid 16th cent. as †alose ; Old High German alasa ), Middle Low German allōse , alōse , Italian alosa (a1310), Old Occitan alausa (1397), Catalan alosa , Spanish alosa (1570). Compare later allis n. and perhaps also alewife n.² Now rare. The allis shad, Alosa alosa. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > fish > class Osteichthyes or Teleostomi > subclass Actinopterygii > order Clupeiformes > [noun] > family Clupeidae and herrings > member of genus Alosa (shad) > alosa alosa (allice shad) alose1584 allis1637 1584 Order Conserv. Thames in J. Strype Stow's Survey of London (1720) I. i. ix. 41/2 Fish not yet Assized, viz. Carp, Aloes, Chevin, Pearch, Eeles [etc.]. 1591 R. Percyvall Bibliotheca Hispanica Alosa, an Alose or shad. 1620 T. Venner Via Recta iv. 75 The Allowes is taken in the same places that Sammon is. 1674 J. Ray Catal. Fishes 102 Alose: called in other places Shads. 1854 C. D. Badham Prose Halieutics 6 Greasy Alose sputtering from the Stall. 1903 ‘J. Oxenham’ Barbe Grand Bayou (ed. 2) xix. 206 In five minutes he had fish enough for a couple of days: alose weighing two to three pounds. 2002 J. McPhee Founding Fish (2003) 350 Tom Horton..mentions a long-bake method for Alose, the French first cousin of american shad. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † alosev. Forms: Middle English allossede (past participle), Middle English alosi, Middle English aloze, Middle English 1600s alose. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French aloser. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman and Old French, Middle French aloser, Anglo-Norman and Middle French alloser to praise, commend (12th cent.; in past participle also in sense ‘renowned, esteemed’) < a- a- prefix⁵ + los lose n.¹ Compare lose v.² Obsolete. 1. a. transitive. In passive. With complement or for. To be known or regarded as. ΚΠ c1300 St. Edmund Rich (Harl.) l. 248 in C. D'Evelyn & A. J. Mill S. Eng. Legendary (1956) 500 (MED) So noble alosed þer nas non in al þe vniuersite. c1400 Femina (Trin. Cambr.) (1909) 84 (MED) Wijs ȝe shal be alosed [Fr. alose]. c1440 (?a1400) Morte Arthure l. 3881 (MED) He was lyone allossede in londes inewe. c1600 (c1350) Alisaunder (Greaves) (1929) l. 139 Bolde þei were And alosed in lond for leeflich knightes. b. transitive. With of (also for). To make (a person) known for a specified deed, quality, etc. Chiefly in passive. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > damage to reputation > detract from [verb (transitive)] > bring discredit on or bring into disrepute unworthyc1230 alosea1325 low1340 ensclaundre1389 foulc1390 disparagea1400 deface1529 depress1550 discredit?1550 ignoblec1590 redound1591 reproach1593 blame1596 nullify1603 scandal1606 sinka1616 even1625 explode1629 disrepute1649 disrepute1651 lese1678 rogue1678 reflect1769 disconsider1849 dispraise1879 a1325 (c1280) Southern Passion (Pepys 2344) (1927) l. 113 (MED) Alosed ȝe him makeþ of þeoues recet. 1389 in R. W. Chambers & M. Daunt Bk. London Eng. (1931) 52 Ȝif any of þe breþeren be alosed of þefte..þey be put out of þe breþerhede. c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) l. 274 For her lodlych laykeȝ alosed þay were. a1425 (?a1400) G. Chaucer Romaunt Rose (Hunterian) (1891) l. 2354 Who so with loue wole goon..He mote..of largesse a losed be. c1450 (c1350) Alexander & Dindimus (Bodl.) (1929) l. 1078 (MED) Þe Emperour Alixandre of armus alosed. 2. transitive. To praise, esteem. Chiefly in passive. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > approval or sanction > commendation or praise > commend or praise [verb (transitive)] heryc735 mickleeOE loveOE praise?c1225 upraisea1300 alosec1300 commenda1340 allow1340 laud1377 lose1377 avauntc1380 magnifya1382 enhancea1400 roosea1400 recommendc1400 recommanda1413 to bear up?a1425 exalt1430 to say well (also evil, ill, etc.) of (also by)1445 laudifyc1470 gloryc1475 advance1483 to bear out1485 prizec1485 to be or to have in laudationa1500 joya1500 extol1509 collaud1512 concend?1521 solemnize?1521 celebrate1522 stellify1523 to set up1535 well-word1547 predicate1552 glorify1557 to set forth1565 admire1566 to be up with1592 voice1594 magnificate1598 plaud1598 concelebrate1599 encomionize1599 to con laud1602 applauda1616 panegyrize1617 acclamate1624 to set offa1625 acclaim1626 raise1645 complement1649 encomiate1651 voguec1661 phrase1675 to set out1688 Alexander1700 talk1723 panegyricize1777 bemouth1799 eulogizea1810 rhapsodize1819 crack up1829 rhapsody1847 c1300 11000 Virgins (Laud) l. 39 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 88 (MED) So þat Men ne mouwen Maide non alosed finde aȝein þe. c1330 (?c1300) Guy of Warwick (Auch.) l. 1849 As kniȝt that wele alosed is. a1413 (c1385) G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde (Pierpont Morgan) (1882) iv. l. 1473 He shal som grek so prese and wel a-lose. c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy (2002) f. 149 Syn ȝe [sc. Achilles] alosit ar of longtym. 3. transitive (reflexive). To make a name for oneself; to win praise, earn renown. Also with complement: to prove oneself to be. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > fame or renown > famous or eminent person > gain fame or eminence [verb (reflexive)] alose1340 renown1606 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 183 To ssewy his strengþe ine tornemens oþer ine viȝtinges him uor to alosi. 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 199 Ine þe viȝtinge..huer þe knyȝt lierneþ, ham proueþ and aloseþ. c1450 (c1350) Alexander & Dindimus (Bodl.) (1929) l. 1066 (MED) Þe lud [Salonienus] on his lif alosed him so noble, Þat he hevene hadde miht with handus to reche. Derivatives alosed adj. famed, esteemed. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > [adjective] > esteemed toldc1275 alosed1448 esteemed1549 regarded1561 expectablec1565 circumspect1579 valued1602 considered1665 well-considered1826 1448 Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Arms) 450 These .ii. bisshoppes..were the most a losed bisshoppes. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1584v.c1300
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