Derbyn.
/ˈdɑːbi/, /ˈdəːbi/, U.S. /ˈdərbi/ 1.
a. An annual horse race, founded in 1780 by the twelfth Earl of Derby, and run at the Epsom races, usually on the Wednesday before, or the second Wednesday after, Whitsunday (the actual date being fixed each year in connection with those of the Newmarket and Ascot meetings, by the Jockey Club).
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1844 W. H. Maxwell Wanderings in Highlands & Islands II. xxii. 305 What care I about Oaks or Derbys?
1852 B. Disraeli Ld. G. Bentinck xxvi. 539 ‘You do not know what the Derby is,’ he moaned out. ‘Yes, I do; it is the blue ribbon of the turf.’
1871 M. Collins Marquis & Merchant II. vi. 161 I had been to the Derby.
b. Hence attributive and in other combinations, as Derby day n. the day on which the ‘Derby’ is run. Derby dog n. the proverbial dog on the race-course, after this has been otherwise cleared; hence allusively, something sure to turn up or come in the way.
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1838 Observer 26 Aug. 2/2 During last Epsom races, on the Derby day we believe, [etc.].
1862 Times 6 June It was a real Derby gathering, and, if possible, a Derby gathering exaggerated with all its queer mélange of high and low.
1867 Punch 52 227/1 The Mystery of the Derby dog..the never-failing apparition of the Derby dog at Epsom.
1871 M. Collins Marquis & Merchant I. vi. 190 On a Derby Day the hill at Epsom is thronged with them.
1885 Times 4 June 10/2 The reputation which invariably attaches to a Derby winner.
c. transferred. Of similar important races in other countries, as the French Derby.
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1890 Whitaker's Almanack 584/1 The winner of the French Derby.
1894 Daily News 20 Feb. 5/3 The great ‘Snowshoe Derby’ took place on Sunday and yesterday at Holmenkollen near Christiania.
d. Applied to any kind of important sporting contest; also air Derby (see also aerial Derby, s.v. aerial adj. 1); local Derby, a match between two teams from the same district.
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society > leisure > sport > match or competition > [noun] > types of
all comersc1450
after-gamea1500
fore-game1594
revenge1616
plate1639
set-to1743
return match1753
bye1754
scrub-race1791
anybody's game (also race, match)1826
return1834
barney1843
bonspiel1858
handicap1861
pennant1865
home-and-home1868
benefit match1871
run-off1873
international1877
American tournament1878
Grand Prix1879
single1884
friendly1885
all-comers1889
pair1890
championship1893
round robin1894
replay1895
Olympiad1896
junior varsity1902
lightning tournament1903
rematch1903
road trip1903
pickup1905
freestyle1906
marathon1908
test1908
Derby1909
scrimmage1910
eliminator1911
twosome1911
triala1914
quadrangular1916
slug-fest1916
varsity match1921
needle contest1922
curtain jerker1923
needle match1923
open1926
needle fight1927
knock-out1928
shirt1930
masters1933
pro-amateur1934
tune-up1934
World Cup1934
pro-am1937
state1941
sizzler1942
runathon1943
mismatch1954
run-out1955
match-up1959
squeaker1961
triple-header1961
Super Bowl1967
invitational1968
needle game1970
major1976
slobberknocker1986
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > racing or race > aircraft racing > [noun]
air Derby1909
1909 Daily Chron. 17 June 5/6 The twenty-ninth Medway Barge Sailing Match, known locally as ‘the barge Derby’.
1914 Daily Express 3 Oct. 3/1 A local Derby [sc. football match] between Liverpool and Everton.
1914 Whitaker's Almanack 822/2 Air ‘Derby’ round London (94½ miles).
1919 Sphere 28 June 259 (heading) An air derby at 129 miles per hour.
1962 BBC Handbk. 37 It would still be right for local talent to be nursed and local derbies to be played.
2.
a. Short for Derby hat: a stiff felt hat with a rounded crown and narrow brim. U.S.
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the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > [noun] > hat > made of specific material > felt > derby hat
Christy stiff1882
Derby1888
kelly1915
1888 Pall Mall Gaz. 12 June 14/1 Girls or young ladies are seen with their hands thrust deep into the ulster pocket..the derby tipped on one side.
1888 Pall Mall Gaz. 24 Sept. 11/1 Low felt hats—Derby hats, as they are generally called here [i.e. in the U.S.]—were universal.
b. A kind of sporting-boot having no stiffening and a very low heel (see also quot. 1968).
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the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > footwear > shoe or boot > boot > [noun] > for specific purpose > other
walking boot1854
skating-boot1895
Derby1901
ski boot1907
safari boot1912
bootee1974
1901 Daily News 23 Feb. 6/4 The Prince Consort is represented..as wearing low-heeled, square-toed ‘Derbies’, with buckles on them.
1904 Westm. Gaz. 15 Apr. 10/2 Russia calf Derbys for shooting-boots.
1968 J. Ironside Fashion Alphabet 130 Derby,..the most common form of shoe. A tie shoe with eyelets and laces, the quarter and facings stitched on top of the vamp.
3. Plastering. = Darby n. 5.
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society > occupation and work > equipment > building and constructing equipment > [noun] > plasterer's tools > spreading tools
float1700
laying-trowel1700
Darby1819
Derby1823
laying-tool1825
smoothing-trowel1825
1823 P. Nicholson New Pract. Builder 390 The Derby is a two-handed float.
1842 J. Gwilt Encycl. Archit. ii. iii. 588 The Derby..is of such a length as to require two men to use it.
1876 W. Papworth in Encycl. Brit. IV. 504 He is furnished with..a hand float, a quirk float, and a derby or darby, which is a long two-handled float for forming the floated coat of lime and hair.
4. Derby neck n. = Derbyshire neck n. at Derbyshire n. 1.
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the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > glandular disorders > [noun] > goitre
wen1530
strume1559
struma1565
Bavarian poke1621
goitre1625
bronchocele1657
throat rupture1662
strumosity1674
Derby neck1769
Derbyshire neck1802
tracheocele1828
Graves's disease1868
thyrocele1886
strumitis1889
1769 T. Prosser (title) An account of the method of cure of the bronchocele, or Derby-neck.
1770 G. Baretti Journey London to Genoa II. 148 Gaváys mean a Derby-neck or a man that has a Derby-neck.
5.
a. Denoting a variety of porcelain made at Derby, esp. a soft-paste porcelain made from about 1750, Crown Derby being a variety made from 1784. Cf. Crown Derby n. at crown n. Compounds 3a.
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society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > clay compositions > baked clay > pottery or ceramics > [noun] > porcelain > English porcelain
Worcester1802
Plymouth1816
New Hall1829
Broseley porcelain1845
Colebrook Dale1855
Crown Derby1855
Caughley porcelain1868
Derby1868
Plymouth1869
Lowestoft1875
Longton1885
frit-porcelain1889
Coalport1899
porcelain making1903
Goss1906
Longton Hall1925
Pinxton1928
1850 J. Marryat Coll. towards Hist. Pottery & Porcelain ix. 181 The Derby porcelain is very transparent... The earliest mark is not known..subsequently, the mark was a D surmounted by a crown.]
1868 C. L. Eastlake Hints Househ. Taste ix. 194 The qualities which distinguish old Chelsea, Derby, Worcester, and Plymouth china are well known to connoisseurs.
1869 C. Schreiber Jrnls. (1952) I. i One small Derby group.
1869 C. Schreiber Jrnls. (1952) I. 4 A small Derby statuette of Neptune.
1875 W. F. Tiffin (title) A Chronograph of the Bow, Chelsea and Derby Porcelain Manufactories.
1885 Encycl. Brit. XIX. 641/2 The Derby under-glaze blue was remarkably fine.
1957 C. W. Mankowitz & R. G. Haggar Conc. Encycl. Eng. Pottery & Porcelain 70/2 The work of the earliest phase of Derby porcelain was nonphosphatic... The next phase of Derby was characterized by the use of pale delicate colours, [etc.].
b. Derby red n. = chrome red n. at chrome n. Compounds.
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the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > red colouring matter > [noun] > other red pigments
rosetc1450
crimson?a1475
patise1589
sandyx1601
lake1616
lac1682
red lac1682
light red1692
carmine1712
rose pink1732
Venetian red1753
fire-red1798
pink saucer1804
chica1818
Florentine lake1822
French red1844
Antwerp red1851
Paris lake1866
carajura1874
cadmium red1886
Chinese vermilion1886
Chinese red1892
terra rosa1897
vermilionette1897
Derby red1904
Monastral1936
1904 G. F. Goodchild & C. F. Tweney Technol. & Sci. Dict. 155/1 Derby red, a scarlet red pigment of good covering and staining power, sometimes used as a substitute for vermilion.
1937 Thorpe's Dict. Appl. Chem. (ed. 4) I. 550/1 Austrian cinnabar. Derby red, Chinese red.
6. Derby cheese n. (also Derbyshire cheese) a hard, pressed cheese made from partly skimmed milk, produced chiefly in the Derbyshire district. Also elliptical.
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the world > food and drink > food > dairy produce > cheese > [noun] > varieties of cheese
goat cheeseOE
green cheesec1390
rowen cheesea1425
bred-cheesec1440
hard cheesec1470
ruen cheese1510
parmesan1538
spermyse1542
angelot1573
cow-cheese1583
goat's cheese1588
Cheshire Cheese1597
eddish-cheese1615
nettle cheese1615
aftermath cheese1631
marsolini1636
Suffolk cheese1636
Cheddar cheesea1661
rowen1673
parmigianoa1684
raw-milk cheesea1687
fleet cheese1688
sage-cheese1714
Rhode Island cheese1733
Stilton cheese1736
Roquefort cheese1762
American cheese1763
fodder cheese1784
Old Peg1785
blue cheese1787
Dunlop cheese1793
Wiltshire1794
Gloucester1802
Gruyère1802
Neufchâtel1814
Limburger cheese1817
Dunlop1818
fog cheese1822
Swiss cheese1822
Suffolk thumpa1825
Stilton1826
skim dick1827
stracchino cheese1832
Blue Vinney1836
Edam1836
Schabzieger1837
sapsago1846
Munster1858
mysost1861
napkin cheese1865
provolone1865
Roquefort1867
Suffolk bang1867
Leicester1874
Brie1876
Camembert1878
Gorgonzola1878
Leicester cheese1880
Port Salut1881
Wensleydale1881
Gouda1885
primost1889
Cantal1890
Suisse1891
bondon1894
Petit Suisse1895
Gervais1896
Lancashire1896
Pont l'Évêque1896
reggiano1896
Romano1897
fontina1898
Caerphilly cheese1901
Derby cheese1902
Emmental1902
Liptauer1902
farmer cheese1904
robiola1907
gjetost1908
reblochon1908
scamorza1908
Cabrales1910
Jack1910
pimento cheese1910
mozzarella1911
pimiento cheese1911
Monterey cheese1912
processed cheese1918
Tillamook1918
tvorog1918
anari1919
process cheese1923
Bel Paese1926
pecorino1931
Oka1936
Parmigiano–Reggiano1936
vacherin1936
Monterey Jack1940
Red Leicester1940
demi-sel1946
tomme1946
Danish blue1948
Tilsit1950
St.-Maure1951
Samsoe1953
Havarti1954
paneer1954
taleggio1954
feta1956
St. Paulin1956
bleu cheese1957
Manchego1957
Ilchester1963
Dolcelatte1964
chèvre1965
Chaource1966
Windsor Red1969
halloumi1970
Montrachet1973
Chaumes1976
Lymeswold1981
cambozola1984
yarg1984
1902 Encycl. Brit. XXVII. 355/2 Derby cheese in its best forms is much like Leicester, being ‘clean’ in flavour and mellow.
1905 W. H. Simmonds Pract. Grocer III. 79 The true ‘Derbyshire’ cheese..is a small cylindrical or flat and thin cheese of pale colour, and generally of rich, buttery quality. ‘Derby Goudas’ are a variety shaped like the Dutch Gouda.
1955 J. G. Davis Dict. Dairying (ed. 2) 189 Derbyshire or Derby cheese, one of the oldest of our national cheese, but it was not until recently that a uniform method came to be adopted for its manufacture.
1970 Listener 12 Nov. 661 You can buy a special Derby cheese in good food shops in London that's got a green stripe in it—known as Sage-green Derby.
7.
a. Derby scheme n. (in the First World War (1914–18)) a voluntary recruiting scheme initiated in October 1915 by the seventeenth Earl of Derby.By the end of 1915 it was apparent that the scheme would not be successful, and in January 1916 the Military Service Act introduced conscription.
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1915 Manch. Guardian 20 Oct. 12/2 (headline) Sir G. Toulmin commends the Derby scheme.
1915 Times 4 Dec. 9/6 Last week of the Derby Scheme.
1927 W. S. Churchill World Crisis III. i. x. 239 It was evident that the Derby scheme could only be a palliative.
2002 G. Q. Flynn Conscription & Democracy iii. 32 By the end of the year 1915 the Derby scheme had been shelved, and the government finally moved to conscription.
b. A soldier recruited under this scheme. Usually more fully Derby recruit.
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1915 Manch. Guardian 29 Nov. 12/3 What to do with pay for one day's service. A Derby recruit's example.
1917 P. Gibbs Battles of Somme 177 Old English regiments with new men in them, including some of the ‘Derby recruits’.
1925 E. Fraser & J. Gibbons Soldier & Sailor Words 76 Men of the ‘Groups’ of ‘Derbies’, awaiting their turn to be called up,..wore armlets lettered ‘G.R.’ (General Reserve).
1926 F. M. Ford Man could stand Up vii. 212 Tietjens asked if the man were a Derby recruit or compulsorily enlisted.
2007 F. Skirrow Massacre on Marne ii. 46 The Derby recruits..were better but their arrival in March postponed the date of departure.
Derivatives
Derbyed adj. U.S. wearing a Derby hat.
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1905 W. D. Howells in Harper's Mag. Mar. 560 One of the few cylindered or derbyed heads in the swarming procession of Piccadilly.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1895; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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