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单词 alfvén
释义

Alfvénn.

Brit. /ˈalfveɪn/, /ˈalfvən/, U.S. /ˈɑlˌveɪn/
Forms: 1900s– Alfvén, 1900s– Alfven.
Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Alfvén.
Etymology: < the name of Hannes Alfvén (1908–95), Swedish plasma physicist, who described the phenomenon (1942, in Nature 3 Oct. 405).
Physics and Astronomy.
1. Alfvén wave n. a transverse magnetohydrodynamic wave travelling in the direction of the magnetic field in a magnetized plasma.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > magnetism > [noun] > magnetic field > transverse wave
Alfvén wave1956
the world > matter > physics > mechanics > dynamics > fluid dynamics > [noun] > hydrodynamics > magnetohydrodynamics > transverse wave
Alfvén wave1956
1956 Proc. Royal Soc. 1955–6 A. 233 359 The first p-mode is an Alfvén wave propagating with Alfvén's phase velocity.
1978 Nature 26 Oct. 725/2 Accreting matter can pile up at the magnetopause (which in the case of a pulsar would be made up of very low frequency electromagnetic Alfvén waves).
1988 Physics Bull. Feb. 70/3 The basic hydromagnetic signal is the Alfven wave, analogous to a wave on a taut string.
2005 Science 7 Jan. 79/3 The twist propagates out along the magnetic field lines as a torsional Alfvén wave, extracting the rotational energy of the black hole and driving an outflow.
2. Alfvén speed n. the speed of an Alfvén wave, which is characteristic for a plasma of given properties.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > magnetism > [noun] > magnetic field > transverse wave > speed of
Alfvén speed1957
the world > matter > physics > mechanics > dynamics > fluid dynamics > [noun] > hydrodynamics > magnetohydrodynamics > transverse wave > speed of
Alfvén speed1957
Alfvén velocity1957
1957 Proc. IRE 45 147/1 The speed of propagation of these waves is given by the Alfvén speed vA = (H²/ 4πρ)1/2.
1988 Physics Bull. Feb. 66/2 A curved magnetic field will tend to eject plasma at a speed..known as the Alfven speed.
2006 Science 6 Oct. 108/1 The highest velocities—nearly the Alfvén speed—are achieved near the foot points of the loops to form shock fronts on the disk surface.
3. Alfvén velocity n. = Alfvén speed n. at sense 2.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > physics > mechanics > dynamics > fluid dynamics > [noun] > hydrodynamics > magnetohydrodynamics > transverse wave > speed of
Alfvén speed1957
Alfvén velocity1957
1957 Astrophysical Jrnl. 126 183 Because of the high Alfvén velocity, the magnetic field in the looped prominence..rapidly reproduces the changes in the sunspot configuration in the photosphere.
1989 M. Longair in P. Davies New Physics vi. 150/1 The bulk streaming velocity of the relativistic gas is restricted to roughly the sound speed in the magnetoplasma, which is the Alfven velocity.
2007 N. Meyer-Vernet Basics of Solar Wind iv. 171 A timescale whose order of magnitude may be as small as a few transit times L/VA (L being a typical size and VA the Alfvén velocity).
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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n.1956
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