单词 | dale |
释义 | dalen.1 1. a. A valley. In the northern counties, the usual name of a river-valley between its enclosing ranges of hills or high land. In geographical names, e.g. Clydesdale, Annandale, Borrowdale, Dovedale, it extends from Lanarkshire to Derbyshire, and even farther south, but as an appellative it is more or less confined to the district from Cumbria to Yorkshire. In literary English chiefly poetical, and in the phrases hill and dale, dale and down. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > landscape > low land > valley > [noun] deanc825 dalec893 sladec893 bachea1000 valley1297 vall?1611 droke1772 glen1843 nant1862 draw1864 laagte1868 c893 tr. Orosius Hist. i. iii Þæs dæles se dǽl se þæt flod ne grette ys gyt to-dæg wæstmberende on ælces cynnes blædum. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 14568 & wude & feld. & dale & dun. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 9203 Nu sket shall illc an dale beon All heȝhedd upp. & filledd. c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 37 Hwile uppen cliues and hwile in þe dales. ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 207 Iþe dalen..þu makest wallen to springen. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 13444 Heo comen..in ane dale deope. c1386 G. Chaucer Sir Thopas 85 By dale and eek by doune. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 22532, l. 22534 Al þis werld bath dale and dune..þe dals up-rise, þe fells dun fall. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 112 Dale, or vale, vallis. c1515 Ld. Berners tr. Bk. Duke Huon of Burdeux (1882–7) xxi. 60 They..rode by hylles and dales. 1560 J. Knox et al. Buke Discipline in J. Knox Wks. (1848) II. 204 Galloway, Carrik, Niddisdaill, Annanderdaill, with the rest of the Daillis in the West. 1611 Bible (King James) Gen. xiv. 17 The valley of Shaveh, which is the Kings dale [1885 R.V. vale] . View more context for this quotation 1730 J. Thomson Summer in Seasons 110 Where winded into lovely solitudes Runs out the rambling dale. 1803 Gazetteer Scotl. at Linlithgowshire Its surface is finely diversified with hill and dale. 1810 W. Wordsworth Descr. Lakes in J. Wilkinson Select Views p. xx That part of these Dales which runs far up into the mountains. 1850 Ld. Tennyson In Memoriam Epil. 208 Till over down and over dale All night the shining vapour sail. View more context for this quotation 1876 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Words Whitby Around Whitby all the valleys are ‘dales’.. There are many smaller dales into which the larger are divided. ‘Deealheead’ is the upper portion of the vale; ‘Deeal end’ being the lower part. b. figurative. ΚΠ a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 19 Ðan man hem telled soðe tale..Of blisses dune, of sorwes dale. a1340 R. Rolle Psalter xxiii. 3 Falland down agayn til þe dale of synn. a1340 R. Rolle Pr. Consc. 1044 Twa worldes..An es þis dale, whar we er wonnand. a1661 Fuller in C. H. Spurgeon Treasury of David (1882) VI. Ps. cxxi. 1 Viewing the deep dale of thy own unworthiness. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > landscape > low land > hole or pit > [noun] dalea800 piteOE dike847 hollowc897 hole946 seathc950 delfOE hollc1050 ditchc1275 lakec1320 holetc1380 slacka1500 dell1531 vault1535 pit-hole1583 delve1590 lough1672 sinusa1676 gap1696 self-lough1700 scoop1780 cup1819 a800 Corpus Gloss. 274 Baratrum, dæl [Leiden dal]. OE Genesis 421 We synd aworpene hider on þas deopan dalo. c1420 Pallad. on Husb. xi. 481 Ther thay stonde a dale Do make, and drenche hem therin. 1489 W. Caxton tr. C. de Pisan Bk. Fayttes of Armes i. xxv. 78 Dyches or dales or euyll pathes. Compounds C1. attributive and in other combinations, as dale furze. ΚΠ 1808 C. Vancouver Gen. View Agric. Devon x. 250 The..dwarf or dale furze, blooming in the autumn. C2. dale-backed adj. hollow in the back (as a horse). ΚΠ 1676 London Gaz. No. 1078/4 Lost..a brown bay Nag..a little dale backt. dale-end n. the lower end of a dale. ΚΠ 1876 [see sense 1a]. dale-head n. the head of a dale or valley. Categories » dale-land n. ‘the lower and arable ground of a district’ (Jamieson). dale-lander n. dale-man n. ‘an inhabitant of the lower ground’ (Jamieson). This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online March 2022). dalen.2 1. A portion or share of land; spec. a share of a common field, or portion of an undivided field indicated by landmarks but not divided off. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > farm > farmland > [noun] > common or unenclosed land > portion of furlong12.. dalec1241 dole1523 flat1523 stintagea1642 stintinga1642 c1241 Newminster Cartul. (1878) 87 j acram et j rodam in campo del West in duas mikel dales quas Rob. fil. Stephani et Sywardus quondam tenuerunt. ?1530 St. German's Dyaloge Doctoure & Student sig. riii The grauntee sufferyth a recouere..by the name of a rent in dale of lyke summe as [etc.]. 1735 in Quarter Sessions Rec. (N. Riding Rec. Soc.) (1892) IX. All the..closes, inclosures, dales and parcels of arrable land meadow and pasture ground thereto belonging. 1810 W. Wordsworth Descr. Lakes in J. Wilkinson Select Views p. x The arable and meadow land of the vales is possessed in common field; the several portions being marked out by stones, bushes, or trees; which portions..to this day are called Dales. 1875 Lanc. Gloss. Dale [local], an unseparated portion of a field..often unmarked, or only shown by stakes in the hedge and stones at the corners of the dale. ‘A dale of about a quarter of an acre on Black Moss belongs to this farm.’ ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > doing > activity or occupation > [noun] > conduct of affairs or dealing with dressingc1350 handlinga1400 conduct1454 dale1469 orderinga1549 dress1559 convoy1565 management1598 politics1749 approach1905 1469 Act. Audit. 9 (Jam.) He sall hafe na dale nor entermeting tharwith in tyme to cum. a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1960) xii. iv. 161 All to ȝyng with sic ane to haue daill [1553 dale]. a1525 (a1500) Sc. Troy Bk. (Douce) l. 2839 in C. Horstmann Barbour's Legendensammlung (1882) II. 299 Cume and ly heire besyde me now, So þat I may haf dale with þe. 1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) III. 302 That he wald get the best part of the daill. 1592 Sc. Acts Jas. VI (1814) 544 The successioun proceding of that pretendit mariage or carnall daill. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online March 2022). dalen.3 1. A wooden tube or trough for carrying off water, as from a ship's pump; a pump-dale. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > other equipment of vessel > [noun] > ship's pumps > parts of ship's pumps dale1611 sleeve1613 pump dalea1625 vale1685 cheek1727 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Escoursouër, the dale of a (ships) pumpe, whereby the water is passed out. 1627 J. Smith Sea Gram. ii. 8 The daile is a trough wherein the water doth runne ouer the Deckes. 1800 S. Standidge in Naval Chron. 3 472 They pumping the water into a pump dill. 1850 J. Greenwood Sailor's Sea-bk. 139 Pump dales, pipes fitted to the cisterns, to convey..water..through the ship's sides. 2. An outlet drain in the Fen district. ΘΠ the world > the earth > water > rivers and streams > stream > [noun] > channel for conveyance of water > for surplus water sluicea1552 watershoot1599 offlet?1744 dale1851 waste-way1881 spill1900 1851 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 12 ii. 304 When those fens were first embanked and drained, narrow tracts, called ‘dales’, or washes, were left open to the river..Every district, with its frontage of dales, is tolerably well drained. Compounds General attributive, as dale hose. Π 1889 J. J. Welch Text Bk. Naval Archit. xi. 129 A flexible hose, known as a dale hose, is led from the delivery nozzle of the pump to the pipe in the deck plate communicating with the compartment to be flooded. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1a800n.2c1241n.31611 |
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