centeniern.

Brit.

/sɛnˈtɛnɪə/, U.S.

/sɛnˈtɛniər/

Forms: Middle English centyner, Middle English–1600s centener, 1500s centenyer, 1500s centioner, 1500s sentener, 1500s–1600s centiner, 1500s–1600s centinere, 1500s– centenier, 1600s centeyner, 1600s centinier, 1600s centoner.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French centenier.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman centener, Anglo-Norman and Middle French, Law French centenier, Middle French centinier (French (now historical or rare) centenier ) Roman centurion (1272 or earlier in Old French as centeinor , centeinour ), officer in charge of an English hundred (end of the 13th cent. or earlier), officer in command of around a hundred soldiers (second half of the 14th cent.), police officer or constable in a city (second half of the 15th cent. in continental French, 1502 as chentenier in documents from Jersey), senior member of the Jersey Honorary Police force (1771 or earlier) < classical Latin centēnārius (see centenary adj. and n.), in post-classical Latin also denoting a centurion (4th cent.).In the specific use in sense ‘Frankish or Carolingian official responsible for the administration of local justice’ (see sense 2) ultimately after the corresponding use of classical Latin centēnārius centenary n.; compare French centenier (1672 in the passage translated in quot. 1683, or earlier, in this sense). Compare the following apparently isolated borrowing of Anglo-Norman centener in the sense ‘(group of) a hundred’ (end of the 13th cent.):?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) (1996) i. l. 13005 Be centiners & millers [a1450 Lamb. by milers & by centeners] sette þei þer batailes sers. Compare quot. a1450 at centaine n.

†a. A Roman centurion. Cf. centurion n. 1a. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 19907 A centener, cornelius.

1575 G. Fenton Golden Epist. f. 100^v Pilate..sent..a Centenier to discouer a truth.

1603 J. Florio tr. M. de Montaigne Ess. ii. xxxiv. 425 His [sc. Cæsar's] Centeniers [Fr. centeniers] offered him..to..finde him a man at Armes.

b. More generally: any officer in command of a body of approximately one hundred soldiers; the leader of a unit or body of militia. Cf. centurion n. 1b. Now rare (historical in later use).For spec. use with reference to the Channel Islands see sense 1c.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > leader or commander > [noun] > of 100

centuriona1382

under-captain1442

centenaryc1453

centeniera1460

petty captainc1475

hundredera1557

a1460 Knyghthode & Bataile (Pembr. Cambr. 243) l. 842 (MED) In euery choors the Centyners oo fyve In numbir make.

1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. cccxlix. 559 He..ordayned and made secretely capitayns of the whyte hattes, as Senteners, and Muquateners.

1586 in Archaeologia (1800) 13 100 Instructionns for every Centioner to observe duringe the continuance of the Frenche Fleet uppon this Cost.

1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 275 The whole country [sc. the Isle of Wight] is divided into eleven parts: and every of them hath their severall Centoner, as one would say Centurion.

1651 in Sir R. Worsley Hist. Isle of Wight (1781) App. p. xxxiv The searchers [are] to hange up the gare to inform the centoner.

1819 A. Rees Cycl. VI. at Captain In the legions..that were instituted by Francis I. every captain commanded one thousand men, who were divided into ten centuries, commanded each by an officer who had..the name..of centenier or centurion.

2000 Jrnl. Soc. Archer-Antiquaries 43 56/2 The Muster Rolls of 1355 for the city of Norwich provide an example, for here we meet the vintiniers, and centeniers (names used on active service) whose titles remain for over two hundred years.

c. spec. With reference to the Channel Islands. Originally: an officer having charge of a local militia (now historical). In later use in Jersey: a senior member of the organization responsible for law enforcement on the island; (now only) a senior member of the Jersey Honorary Police force, subordinate to the Connétable of the parish.Until the creation of a paid police force for Jersey in the mid-19th cent. law enforcement was undertaken by the island's own customary force, which originated as a militia. The Honorary Police now work alongside the States of Jersey Police, primarily carrying out subsidiary policing duties. Policing on Guernsey has a similar history, but the title of centenier ceased to be used at an earlier stage.

ΚΠ

?c1682 J. Warburton Treat. Hist. Guernsey (1822) 61 The Capitaine, anciently called Centenier..is appointed by commission to command the Militia of his parish.

1709 Groans Inhabitants Jersey 23 Such Constables and Centeniers as are re-elected.

1771 J. Shebbeare Authentic Narr. Oppress. Islanders Jersey I. x. 287 There are elected in every parish, by the same persons..two officers, denominated centeniers.

1862 D. T. Ansted & R. G. Latham Channel Islands iv. xxiii. 521 Each parish has also two centeniers, except St. Helier's, where there are six.

1880 Jersey Weekly Express 13 Nov. 3/2 Charged by Centenier George C. Godfray with having been picked up dead drunk in the Royal Hall, Peter-street.

1901 Truth 31 Oct. 1113/2 It has really been a great relief to the inhabitants to learn that a man cannot be legally locked up for laughing in the presence of a centenier.

1977 Jersey Evening Post 26 July 11/6 The charges have been brought by Centenier John Godeaux of St. Clement.

1996 D. M. Ogier Reformation & Society in Guernsey 16 In their martial role vingteniers worked with the captains of the parishes, or centeniers, who were appointed by the Captain of the island or his lieutenant.

2004 Oxf. Dict. National Biogr. XVIII. 992/2 The son of Thomas Falle (1629–1673), farmer, centenier or parish constable of St Saviour from 1658 to 1660.

2014 P. Rayner Reintegrative Justice in Pract. ii. 16 Either retired from, or following another occupation, the Centenier acts in a voluntary, unpaid capacity, primarily performing duties associated with Parish Hall Enquiries and prosecution.

†2. historical. With reference to Frankish and Carolingian administration: an official having responsibility for the administration of local justice. Also: a bailiff or officer in charge of an English hundred (hundred n. and adj. 5a). Cf. centenary n. 4. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > office > holder of office > magistrate > chief magistrate of a district > [noun] > hundreder

hundred-mana1000

hundreder1455

centenary1616

centurion1618

centenier1646

centgrave1647

hundredary1700

1646 W. Hughes tr. A. Horne Mirrour Justices i. ii. 5 These Companions, after the division of the Realme into Shires, divided their people which they found scattering about into Centuries, and to every Century they appointed a Centeyner.

1683 J. Bulteel tr. F. E. de Mézeray Gen. Chronol. Hist. France i. 48 In Villages [it was] the Centeniers, in Cities the Counts and Dukes that gave Judgment.

1836 Guernsey & Jersey Mag. Aug. 95 The justice of the hundred was the lord of the manor, and he was otherwise named centurion, centenier, and alderman.

1884 New Englander Nov. 775 [Assemblies] of the nation are to be presided over by the King, those..comprising a few households, by the ordinary magistrates, or centeniers.

1913 H. M. Gwatkin & J. P. Whitney Cambr. Med. Hist. II. 138 Justice was administered in the smaller cases by the centeniers or vicars.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2016; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	centenier
释义	centeniern. Brit. /sɛnˈtɛnɪə/, U.S. /sɛnˈtɛniər/ Forms: Middle English centyner, Middle English–1600s centener, 1500s centenyer, 1500s centioner, 1500s sentener, 1500s–1600s centiner, 1500s–1600s centinere, 1500s– centenier, 1600s centeyner, 1600s centinier, 1600s centoner. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French centenier. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman centener, Anglo-Norman and Middle French, Law French centenier, Middle French centinier (French (now historical or rare) centenier ) Roman centurion (1272 or earlier in Old French as centeinor , centeinour ), officer in charge of an English hundred (end of the 13th cent. or earlier), officer in command of around a hundred soldiers (second half of the 14th cent.), police officer or constable in a city (second half of the 15th cent. in continental French, 1502 as chentenier in documents from Jersey), senior member of the Jersey Honorary Police force (1771 or earlier) < classical Latin centēnārius (see centenary adj. and n.), in post-classical Latin also denoting a centurion (4th cent.).In the specific use in sense ‘Frankish or Carolingian official responsible for the administration of local justice’ (see sense 2) ultimately after the corresponding use of classical Latin centēnārius centenary n.; compare French centenier (1672 in the passage translated in quot. 1683, or earlier, in this sense). Compare the following apparently isolated borrowing of Anglo-Norman centener in the sense ‘(group of) a hundred’ (end of the 13th cent.):?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) (1996) i. l. 13005 Be centiners & millers [a1450 Lamb. by milers & by centeners] sette þei þer batailes sers. Compare quot. a1450 at centaine n. 1. †a. A Roman centurion. Cf. centurion n. 1a. Obsolete. ΚΠ a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 19907 A centener, cornelius. 1575 G. Fenton Golden Epist. f. 100^v Pilate..sent..a Centenier to discouer a truth. 1603 J. Florio tr. M. de Montaigne Ess. ii. xxxiv. 425 His [sc. Cæsar's] Centeniers [Fr. centeniers] offered him..to..finde him a man at Armes. b. More generally: any officer in command of a body of approximately one hundred soldiers; the leader of a unit or body of militia. Cf. centurion n. 1b. Now rare (historical in later use).For spec. use with reference to the Channel Islands see sense 1c. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > leader or commander > [noun] > of 100 centuriona1382 under-captain1442 centenaryc1453 centeniera1460 petty captainc1475 hundredera1557 a1460 Knyghthode & Bataile (Pembr. Cambr. 243) l. 842 (MED) In euery choors the Centyners oo fyve In numbir make. 1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. cccxlix. 559 He..ordayned and made secretely capitayns of the whyte hattes, as Senteners, and Muquateners. 1586 in Archaeologia (1800) 13 100 Instructionns for every Centioner to observe duringe the continuance of the Frenche Fleet uppon this Cost. 1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 275 The whole country [sc. the Isle of Wight] is divided into eleven parts: and every of them hath their severall Centoner, as one would say Centurion. 1651 in Sir R. Worsley Hist. Isle of Wight (1781) App. p. xxxiv The searchers [are] to hange up the gare to inform the centoner. 1819 A. Rees Cycl. VI. at Captain In the legions..that were instituted by Francis I. every captain commanded one thousand men, who were divided into ten centuries, commanded each by an officer who had..the name..of centenier or centurion. 2000 Jrnl. Soc. Archer-Antiquaries 43 56/2 The Muster Rolls of 1355 for the city of Norwich provide an example, for here we meet the vintiniers, and centeniers (names used on active service) whose titles remain for over two hundred years. c. spec. With reference to the Channel Islands. Originally: an officer having charge of a local militia (now historical). In later use in Jersey: a senior member of the organization responsible for law enforcement on the island; (now only) a senior member of the Jersey Honorary Police force, subordinate to the Connétable of the parish.Until the creation of a paid police force for Jersey in the mid-19th cent. law enforcement was undertaken by the island's own customary force, which originated as a militia. The Honorary Police now work alongside the States of Jersey Police, primarily carrying out subsidiary policing duties. Policing on Guernsey has a similar history, but the title of centenier ceased to be used at an earlier stage. ΚΠ ?c1682 J. Warburton Treat. Hist. Guernsey (1822) 61 The Capitaine, anciently called Centenier..is appointed by commission to command the Militia of his parish. 1709 Groans Inhabitants Jersey 23 Such Constables and Centeniers as are re-elected. 1771 J. Shebbeare Authentic Narr. Oppress. Islanders Jersey I. x. 287 There are elected in every parish, by the same persons..two officers, denominated centeniers. 1862 D. T. Ansted & R. G. Latham Channel Islands iv. xxiii. 521 Each parish has also two centeniers, except St. Helier's, where there are six. 1880 Jersey Weekly Express 13 Nov. 3/2 Charged by Centenier George C. Godfray with having been picked up dead drunk in the Royal Hall, Peter-street. 1901 Truth 31 Oct. 1113/2 It has really been a great relief to the inhabitants to learn that a man cannot be legally locked up for laughing in the presence of a centenier. 1977 Jersey Evening Post 26 July 11/6 The charges have been brought by Centenier John Godeaux of St. Clement. 1996 D. M. Ogier Reformation & Society in Guernsey 16 In their martial role vingteniers worked with the captains of the parishes, or centeniers, who were appointed by the Captain of the island or his lieutenant. 2004 Oxf. Dict. National Biogr. XVIII. 992/2 The son of Thomas Falle (1629–1673), farmer, centenier or parish constable of St Saviour from 1658 to 1660. 2014 P. Rayner Reintegrative Justice in Pract. ii. 16 Either retired from, or following another occupation, the Centenier acts in a voluntary, unpaid capacity, primarily performing duties associated with Parish Hall Enquiries and prosecution. †2. historical. With reference to Frankish and Carolingian administration: an official having responsibility for the administration of local justice. Also: a bailiff or officer in charge of an English hundred (hundred n. and adj. 5a). Cf. centenary n. 4. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > authority > office > holder of office > magistrate > chief magistrate of a district > [noun] > hundreder hundred-mana1000 hundreder1455 centenary1616 centurion1618 centenier1646 centgrave1647 hundredary1700 1646 W. Hughes tr. A. Horne Mirrour Justices i. ii. 5 These Companions, after the division of the Realme into Shires, divided their people which they found scattering about into Centuries, and to every Century they appointed a Centeyner. 1683 J. Bulteel tr. F. E. de Mézeray Gen. Chronol. Hist. France i. 48 In Villages [it was] the Centeniers, in Cities the Counts and Dukes that gave Judgment. 1836 Guernsey & Jersey Mag. Aug. 95 The justice of the hundred was the lord of the manor, and he was otherwise named centurion, centenier, and alderman. 1884 New Englander Nov. 775 [Assemblies] of the nation are to be presided over by the King, those..comprising a few households, by the ordinary magistrates, or centeniers. 1913 H. M. Gwatkin & J. P. Whitney Cambr. Med. Hist. II. 138 Justice was administered in the smaller cases by the centeniers or vicars. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2016; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.a1400
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