| 释义 |
▪ I. railing, vbl. n.1|ˈreɪlɪŋ|
[f. rail v.2]
†1. The training of vines upon rails.
b. A shoot of a vine so trained; also attrib. Obs.
1382Wyclif Ps. lxxix. 12 [lxxx. 11] He straȝte out his braunchis vnto the se; and vnto the flod his railingus [L. propagines]. ― Isa. xvi. 8 His railing braunches [L. propagines] ben forsaken, thei passeden the se. 1495Trevisa's Barth. De P.R. xvii. xviii. 614 Balsamum..spredyth as a vyne wythout raylyng and vndersettinge.
2. The action of making fences, or enclosing ground with rails. Also railing-in.
1543Act 35 Hen. VIII, c. 17 § 6 To..take any of the same [coppies woodes] for palyng raylyng or enclosing of parkes. 1641Milton Ch. Govt. ii. iii, The railing in of a repugnant and contradictive mount Sinai in the gospel. 1679–88Secr. Serv. Money Chas. & Jas. (Camden) 139 Expended in..rayling and paleing in Bushy Parke.
b. concr. (also in pl.) A fence or barrier made of rails, or in some other fashion.
1471–2Durham Acc. Rolls (Surtees) 94 Pro factura lxiiij rod' del Ralyng. 1826Scott Woodst. i, The gilded railing, which was once around it, was broken down. 1852Mrs. Stowe Uncle Tom's C. xii. 105 Tom..stood listlessly gazing over the railings.
transf.1860Tyndall Glac. i. xviii. 125 From roof to ledge stretched a railing of cylindrical icicles.
c. Material for railings.
1812Sir J. Sinclair Syst. Husb. Scot. 336 Railing must be nailed across the boss..but when railing is not at hand, a strong straw rope is commonly used in its stead. 1847Smeaton Builder's Man. 147 Bars of fancy railing, and balusters of stairs consist of cast iron.
3. The laying of rails; a set or line of rails.
1825J. Nicholson Operat. Mechanic 655 The railing must..be set out in levels, or in lines nearly level.
4. Comb. railing-line, a hand-line used over the rail of a boat.
1626Capt. Smith Accid. Yng. Seamen 5 Rayling lines for Mackerell. 1883Fisheries Exhib. Catal. 12 Handlines and Long Lines..railing Lines for Mackerel.
Hence ˈrailinged a., enclosed by a railing; also railinged off.
1862Temple Bar Mag. V. 181 A turfed and railinged square. 1938Archit. Rev. LXXXIV. 104 The plain railinged balcony outside the first floor windows was replaced, for obvious aesthetic as well as structural reasons, by balconettes related in style to many which adorn the Adelphi. 1974K. Royce Trap Spider ii. 37 The houses were railinged off, with sub-basements. Ibid. vii. 120 The squares were big..with a railinged green in their middle.
▪ II. railing, vbl. n.2|ˈreɪlɪŋ|
[f. rail v.4 + -ing1.]
The action of the vb.; abusing, abuse.
1470–85Malory Arthur x. lxxii, For this entente syr Dynadan said alle this raylynge and langage ageynst sir Tristram. 1533Frith Another Bk. agst. Rastell ii. (1572) 66/2 He recounteth it to be rayling, gesting, and scolding. c1580Sidney Ps. xxxi. vii, I understand what railing greate men spredd. 1681Dryden Abs. & Achit. 555 Railing and praising were his usual Themes. 1769Junius Lett. xviii. 77 Railing is usually a relief to the mind. 1873Dixon Two Queens II. xi. vi. 255 He was proof against the railing of a mob.
pl.1526Tindale 1 Tim. vi. 4 Stryfe, realinges [1534 raylinges], evyll surmysinges. 1612T. Taylor Comm. Titus ii. 8 Hee heard raylings and reproaches of many. a1704T. Brown Satire Antients Wks. 1730 I. 17 The gall, the railings{ddd}which made these satires take with so much applause. 1854Macaulay Biog. (1867) 30 It does not appear..from the railings of his enemies, that he ever was drunk in his life.
▪ III. railing, ppl. a.1|ˈreɪlɪŋ|
[f. as prec. + -ing2.]
That rails; characterized by railing.
1526Tindale Jude 9 Michael..durst nott geve raylynge sentence. c1586C'tess Pembroke Ps. lxxiv. ix, The wrong Of thy reviling railing foe. 1697Dryden Virgil Life (1721) I. 53 The railing Eloquence of Cicero in his Philipics. 1724Pope Lett. 10 Sept., The railing Papers about the Odyssey. 1821Byron Sardan. i. ii, The railing drunkards! why, what would they have?
▪ IV. † ˈrailing, ppl. a.2
[f. rail v.3]
Flowing.
1590Spenser F.Q. iii. iv. 57 Instead of rest thou lendest rayling teares.
▪ V. ˈrailing, ppl. a.3
[f. rail v.6]
Rattling.
1844Lever T. Burke II. 163 The railing crash of falling branches, and the deep baying of the storm. |