| 释义 |
conventual, a. and n.|kənˈvɛntjuːəl|
[ad. med.L. conventuāl-is, f. convent-us convent: in F. conventuel 13th c.]
1. Of or belonging to a religious convent.
c1425Wyntoun Cron. viii. xiv. 10 In Saynct Andrewys Cathedrale Kyrk the Conwentuale Chanownys togyddyr gaddryd all. c1475Partenay 3412 The Abbot And monkes conuentuall..scorched and brend were to Askes small. 1570–6Lambarde Peramb. Kent (1826) 297 The Priorie at Leedes was a conventuall house of regular Chanons. 1659B. Harris Parival's Iron Age 57 Some Religious or Conventuall men dwelling in the town. 1820Scott Monast. vi, He turned with conventual reverence to the Lord Abbot. 1855Prescott Philip II, I. ii. xii. 277 Neither monk nor nun ventured to go abroad in the conventual garb.
b. conventual church, conventual prior, conventual priory: see quots.
1533–4Act 25 Hen. VIII, c. 21 §25 Conuentuall churches, parochiall churches, chappels. 1563–87Foxe A. & M. (1596) 3/2 Abbasies, priories conventuall, and other benefices elective. 1603in Stow Surv. (1842) 181/2 There were in this city..thirteen great conventual churches, besides the lesser sort called parish churches, to the number of one hundred and twenty-six. 1726Ayliffe Parerg. 6 Conventual Priors that have the chief ruling Power over a Monastery, and wherein no Abbot or other Person is of greater Dignity than they themselves are. Ibid. 167 A Conventual Church is that which is appropriated to some Religious House. 1852C. M. Yonge Cameos (1877) IV. xiv. 152 To be daily said in all churches instead of in only the conventual ones.
c. Belonging to the Franciscan order of the Conventuals: see B. 2.
1706in Dupin's Eccl. Hist. 16th C. II. iv. xi. 449 The Franciscans were divided into Conventual Friars, and Friars of the Strict Observance. 1873Dixon Two Queens IV. xx. i. 63 The Franciscan orders..observant or conventual.
d. transf. Characteristic of a convent.
1870Lowell Among my Bks. Ser. i. (1873) 153 [He] compels his clipped fancy to the conventual discipline of prose. 1882Stevenson New Arab. Nts. (1884) 144 The garden was conventual, the house had the air of a prison.
†2. Pertaining to an assembly. Obs. rare—1.
1569J. Sandford tr. Agrippa's Van. Artes 107 Or els Conventual, or belonging to companie.
†3. (See quot.) Obs. (Cf. conventionary.)
1610W. Folkingham Art of Survey iv. i. 80 These Reuenewes may be said to be Conuentuall and Incident. Conuentuall Reuenewes comprize al Rents both in Esse and in Posse.
B. n.
1. A member or inmate of a convent.
1611Speed Hist. Gt. Brit. ix. viii. §53 In this time of Interdict, both Conuentuals and Seculars might in their Churches celebrate diuine seruice. 1762tr. Busching's Syst. Geog. VI. 343 It [a Lutheran convent] consists of an abbot, a prior, and four conventuals. 1849Sidonia II. 132 Sidonia von Bork, Conventual (and not Prioress) of the noble convent of Marienfliess. 1889Jessopp Coming of Friars iii. 132 That large class of conventuals which comprehended the mendicant order.
2. A member of that branch of the order of Franciscan friars who live in large convents and follow a mitigated rule; the other branch being the Observants.
1533More Apol. xv. Wks. 875/2 And some question hath arisen in the order of saint Francise, betwene the obseruauntes and y⊇ conuentualles. 1611Speed Hist. Gt. Brit. ix. xx. (1632) 995 Sixe religious Houses for Franciscan Friers, three of them for Obseruants, and the other three for Conuentuals. 1868J. H. Blunt Ref. Ch. Eng. I. 9 An Observant Friar, that is a strict Franciscan, who observed his rule, as distinguished from the Conventuals, who lived in great luxury and managed to secure great estates. |