| 释义 |
▪ I. sentry, n.1|ˈsɛntrɪ|
Forms: 7 sentrie, (centrie, -tree, sentery), 7–8 century, 7–9 centry, 8– sentry.
[Perh. a shortening or back-formation (apprehended as containing -ry suffix) from centrinel (1598), centronel (1594): see sentinel n.]
†1. = sentinel n. 3. Obs.
1611Cotgr., Barbacane,..some hold it also to be, a Sentrie, Scout-house, or hole. Garite,..also, a Sentrie, or little lodge for a Sentinell, built on high. Guerite.., also, a Sentrie, or Watch-tower. Vedette, a Sentrie, or Court of gard, placed without a fort, or campe. 1649J. Rosworm Good Service Ill Rew. in Lanc. Tracts Civ. War (Chetham Soc. 1844) 223, I advised him, that..he would immediately walk to the Deansgate, and from thence to the other Centuries, using his best encouragements to prop up their hearts against any dangers. 1653Cogan tr. Pinto's Trav. xxx. (1663) 118 Instead of Bulwarks it hath Sentries or Watch-towers.
2. a. Mil. and Naval. An armed soldier or marine posted at a specified point to keep guard and to prevent the passing of an unauthorized person; spec. Mil., each of the men of a military guard (see guard n. 9) posted at regular intervals round an army in garrison or in the field to watch the enemy, prevent a surprise attack and challenge all comers. Phr. to stand sentry.
1632J. Hayward tr. Biondi's Eromena 141 The great silence kept within, made them hold the enterprize for accomplished, there being neither Centrees, nor rounds to be seene. 1650T. B. Worcester's Apophth. 53 The Lieutenant call'd upon the Centry to give fire. 1728Chambers Cycl. s.v. Sentinel, or Sentry, 'Tis not long since they said, To be on the Scout, in the same Sense as we now say, To stand Sentry. 1775Adair Amer. Ind. 349 They appointed double centries over me. 1777H. Gates in Sparks Corr. Amer. Rev. (1853) I. 437 The advanced sentries of my pickets are posted within shot. 1816Singer Hist. Cards 189 The other [soldier] with his arquebuss on his shoulder is standing centry. 1822Regul. & Ord. Army 221 The Standing Orders..are to be distinctly read..after the Sentries first posted return to the Guard. 1838Lytton Leila i. i, The sentry at the gate saluted and admitted him. 1859O. W. Holmes Boston Hill 23, I hear their pacing sentry's tread. 1877Field Exerc. Infantry 374 On the approach of any person, the Sentry will port Arms and call out, Halt! 1908King's Regul. & Ord. for Army ⁋937 The commander will visit his sentries at least twice by day and twice by night.
b. transf. and fig. One who or something which keeps guard like a military sentry.
1650Vaughan Silex Scint. i. Peace Wks. (Grosart) I. 85 My soul, there is a countrie Far beyond the stars, Where stands a wingèd centrie All skilfull in the wars. 1670Sedley in Medbourne Tartuffe Epil., Though Zeal stand Centry at the Gate of Sin, Yet all that have the Word pass freely in. 1710Steele Tatler No. 20 ⁋4 She..got him a post upon a Stall in Wapping where he may be seen..as Centry to a Brandy-shop. 1746–7Hervey Medit. & Contempl. (1818) 224 His trusty dog, who, for a considerable time stood centry at the door,..snores with his master. 1901Speaker 20 July 446/2 Wild geese..when on the feed throw out sentries which keep a strict look out.
3. The occupation, duty, or service of a sentry; also the watch kept by a sentry, esp. in to keep sentry.
1639Laws & Ordin. War 9 Whosoever shall be convicted to have slept upon his Watch, Guard, or Centry..shall be put to death. 1643Sir T. Browne Relig. Med. ii. §12. 174 Thou whose nature cannot sleepe, On my temples centry keepe. 1667Milton P.L. ii. 412 What evasion [can] bear him safe Through the strict Senteries and Stations thick Of Angels watching round? 1697Dryden æneid vi. 388 Here Toils, and Death, and Death's half-brother, Sleep, Forms terrible to view, their Centry keep. 1726Leoni Alberti's Archit. I. 89 Your Soldiers..cannot be able to keep sufficient centry about it. 1835in Rep. Comm. Milit. Punishm. (1836) 192 [Scale of Punishment] Dilatory on sentry (if slight) 1 extra sentry or drill. 1887Rider Haggard Jess xxxi, Some are on sentry.
†4. A military guard or watch. Obs. rare—1.
1705Stanhope Paraphr. II. 587 The Pharisees..obtained of Pilate to have..the Sepulchre watched by a strong Guard of Soldiers. This Centry would not suffer the Body to be conveyed out.
5. Naut. An apparatus in the form of an inverted wooden kite (towed from the stern of a vessel at a set depth), which is automatically released from its slings on striking the bottom and thus gives warning of the shoaling of the water by sounding a gong on board the vessel.
Invented by Mr. S. H. James, C.E., and adopted in the Royal Navy in 1889. Cf. sentinel n. 5.
1894S. T. S. Lecky Wrinkles in Navig. (ed. 9) 176 The Submarine Sentry.
6. attrib. and Comb., as sentry bird, sentry duty, sentry place; sentry board, ‘a platform outside the gangway of a ship for a sentry to stand upon’ (Cent. Dict. 1891); sentry-fashion, like a sentry; sentry fish, lark (see quots.); also sentry-box, sentry-go.
1857Emerson May-day Poems (1883) 204 When pacing through the oaks he heard Sharp queries of the *sentry-bird.
1917W. Owen Let. 16 Jan. (1967) 428 Servants don't do *Sentry Duty. 1977Belfast Tel. 28 Feb. 4/3 A soldier who shot dead a Derry man and injured two other people while on sentry duty in the city last May was jailed for five years.
1875W. McIlwraith Guide Wigtownsh. 113 The [Custom-House] officer sauntered *sentry-fashion round and round his prize.
1664Hubert Catal. Rarities (1665) 25 A strange sort of Oyster, that is called the *Sentry fish for his nature; for it is fastned to the Rocks, and most commonly stands open to catch fish.
1869–73T. R. Jones Cassell's Bk. Birds I. 208 The *Sentry Lark (Macronyx capensis) has received its name from the peculiar cry that it utters when disturbed, which sounds exactly like the Qui vive! employed as a challenge by French soldiers on guard.
1687A. Lovell tr. Thevenot's Trav. i. 116 The Tower of St. Nicholas..has..a *Sentry-place at each Angle.
1809Malkin Gil Blas ix. vi. ⁋1 The subject of my *sentry⁓watch could not be mistaken.
▪ II. sentry, n.2 Obs. exc. Comb. in proper names.|ˈsɛntrɪ|
Also 6 sentrie, 7 centrie, centori(e, 8–9 centry, sentry.
[A contracted form of the earlier sentuarie, seintuarie, saintuarie, variant forms of sanctuary influenced by the Fr. form saintuaire.]
= sanctuary. Also attrib.
1590Nashe 1st Pt. Pasquil's Apol. C 4, He hath no way now to slyppe out of my handes, but to take sentrie in the Hospitall of Warwick. c1600Rites of Durham (Surtees) 59 Att y⊇ easte end of the said Chapter howse..is a garth called y⊇ centrie garth where all the priors & mounckes was buryed. 1774W. Gostling Walk about Canterb. xi. 67 A wall..with a very ancient arch in it, corruptly called the centry gate as parting the cœmetery or burying place of the laity from that of the monks. 1781Gentl. Mag. LI. 305/2 There is in most parishes of this county [Cornwall] a field (generally near the church-yard), which is commonly called the sentry (perhaps sanctuary). 1849Rock Ch. of our Fathers I. iv. 311 When Simeon the monk of Durham wrote. c. a.d. 1129, this latter cross stood in the centry-garth or cemetary of that cathedral. 1869N. & Q. 4th Ser. III. 254 At Moreton Hampstead, co. Devon, is a large field adjoining the church; it is called the Sentry-field.
▪ III. † ˈsentry, a. Her. Obs.
[f. sentre + -y.]
= pily a.
1486Bk. St. Albans, Her. b iv b, The threde cootarmure restriall is calde in armys whan a cootarmure is sentry of dyuerse colowris to the poynt and whatt sentre mydyll in the point yt coloure is the felde. The blaseyr shall blase from yt colowre to the next colowre of the lefte side of the cootarmure and blase the colowre sentri. [1889Elvin Dict. Her., Sentrie, an old term for Piles.]
▪ IV. sentry, v. rare.|ˈsɛntrɪ|
[f. sentry n.1]
a. trans. To guard as a sentry.
b. intr. To perform the office of a sentry.
1820J. S. Knowles Virginius v. ii. 78 Though a legion Sentried that brothel, which he calls his palace, I'd tear her from him! 1873W. S. Mayo Never Again xii, To where a postern, deep in shade, Is sentried only by the maid. 1900Daily News 27 Sept. 5/1 Most of the prisoners are..surrounded by a thick barbed wire fence, and sentried by the Gloucesters. 1910T. Hardy in Eng. Rev. Apr. 1 The unslumbering sea, That sentrys up and down all night, all day, From cove to promontory.
c. intr. and refl. To place as a sentry; also fig.
1922Joyce Ulysses 221 Corny Kelleher..glanced..at a pine coffinlid sentried in a corner. 1979G. Swarthout Skeletons 155 John and Paul had sentried themselves before the bank door, barring my re-entry. |