| 释义 |
▪ I. selvage, selvedge, n.|ˈsɛlvɪdʒ|
Forms: [? 5 corruptly sultviche], 6 silvadge, 6–7 silvage, selvege, 7 selvedg, self edge, 7–9 selvidge, selfedge, self-edge, 8–9 salvage, 5– selvage, 7– selvedge.
[Apparently f. self + edge n., after the equivalent early mod.Du. selfegghe (Kilian), now zelfegge = LG. sulfegge. Cf. the Du. synonyms cited by Kilian, selfkant, now zelfkant (kant = border), selfende, now zelfeinde (einde end) = G. selbende, by popular etymology salband.]
1. a. The edge of a piece of woven material finished in such a manner as to prevent the ravelling out of the weft. Also, a narrow strip or list at the edge of a web of cloth, which is not finished like the rest of the cloth, being intended to be cut off or covered by the seam when the material is made up.
c1460Bk. Curtasye 657 in Babees Bk., The ewerer schal hele his lordes borde With dowbull napere at on bare worde, The seluage to the lordes syde withe wine. 1537Bible (Matthew's) Exod. xxvi. 4 Then shalt thou make loupes of Jacyncte coloure, a longe by the edge of the one curtayne euen in the seluege of the couplinge courtayne. 1597A. M. tr. Guillemeau's Fr. Chirurg. 44/1 Nether must they [sc. bandages] have any silvages. 1665Hooke Microgr. 9 The two edges or silvages. 1725Bradley's Fam. Dict. s.v. Clear Starching, The two Selvages put together, then the Ends together, and wash it the Way the Selvage goes, to prevent the Fraying. 1878Barlow Weaving 198 The application of gauze to the formation of selvages may now be readily understood. 1888Encycl. Brit. XXIV. 466/1 These prongs come in contact with the weft thread between the selvedge of the web and the shuttle box.
fig.a1633Austin Medit. (1635) 282 Now when wee thus let slip these heavenly Thred Lines, that should bee the Selvedge, to bound in all our Worke, wee fall to tangling, tying, and knitting. 1864Spectator 27 Feb. 244/2 Almost every⁓thing is left with what seamstresses call raw selvidges,—some loose threads just sticking out that the reader feels inclined to lay hold of and pull away.
b. transf. A marginal tract, border, edge.
1650Fuller Pisgah iv. ii. 34 Thus though for his disobedience forbidden the entrance of the land of Canaan, yet he came to the selvedge or out-skirt thereof. 1663Sir G. Mackenzie Relig. Stoici 149 It should not have been thrust out upon the selvage and border of time. 1698Petiver in Phil. Trans. XX. 321 The Seed..of a brown Colour, and hem'd about with a rusty colour'd List or Selvedge. 1850Clough Dipsychus ii. iv. 59 This narrow interspace, this marge, This list and selvage of a glorious time. 1854H. Miller Sch. & Schm. xiii. (1857) 292 The population..now exists as a miserable selvedge. 1893Stevenson Catriona xi, I..threaded through the midst of it [the wood], and returned to the west selvage.
c. Tin-plating. = list n.3 7 d.
1834[see list n.3 7 d].
d. A waste strip on either side of a piece of wall-paper.
1901Black Carp. & Build., Home Handicr. 40 The handy man first cuts the salvage from all his paper on the same side, and then cuts his paper into lengths. 1904Sir A. Geikie Scott. Remin. xi. 295 The paper had been stuck on the walls just as it came, without the selvages being cut off.
†2. The selvages of cloth cut off for use as a bandage. Obs.
1599A. M. tr. Gabelhouer's Bk. Physicke 102/2 Take two peeces of silvadge, and..tye him therwith above his knees as stiffely as is possible.
3. An ornamental border or edging. ? Obs.
1481–90Howard Househ. Bks. (Roxb.) 467 Item, for xxiiij. ellys of sultviche to the same coverlett, the elne iiij.d. summa viij.s. 1513Douglas æneis xii. Prol. 16 As fresch Aurora.., Ischit of hir safron bed..In crammysin cled and granit violat, With sanguyne cape, the selvage purpurat. 1827–35N. P. Willis David's Grief 20 The golden selvedge of his robe was heard Sweeping the marble pavement.
4. Naut. and Mil. = selvagee.
1711W. Sutherland Shipbuild. Assist. 133 Salvages for Shrowds, worn. 1769Falconer Dict. Marine (1780), Selvage, a sort of hank or skein of rope-yarn tied together at several distances. It is used to fasten round any rope, as a shroud or stay, so that a tackle may be hooked in it, to extend the said shroud or stay, which is called setting it up. 1859F. A. Griffiths Artill. Man. (1862) 318 A block..attached to a selvage, answers the same purpose.
5. a. Mining. A thin layer of clayey or earthy matter surrounding a metalliferous vein.
1757tr. Henckel's Pyritol. 61 The vein, which has its selvages entire and close. 1897T. H. Holland in Rec. Geol. Surv. India XXX. 18 Each group is represented by microcrystalline and hemicrystalline types occurring either as thin veins, or as selvages to larger masses.
b. Geol. An alteration zone at the edge of a rock mass.
1934[see paragenesis 2]. 1958Econ. Geol. LIII. 292 Selvages of hydrothermal alteration of quartz monzonite along the contacts of some larger aplite-pegmatite bodies. 1979Nature 5 Apr. 511/2 That some basic dykes have conspicuous charnockite selvedges might indicate metasomatic interchange between acid and basic rocks as a primary cause of the conversion, except that many dykes..have no such marginal alteration. 1981Cambr. Encycl. Earth Sci. 211/1 The majority of M[id-]O[cean]R[idge]B[asalt] lavas have a pillow form..and glass selvages—characteristics of rapid cooling in seawater.
6. (See quot.)
1875Knight Dict. Mech., Selvage (Locksmithing), the edge-plate of a lock through which the bolt shoots.
7. attrib. and Comb., as selvage-thread; selvage-motion, ? the motion of a shuttle in forming a selvage; selvage-protector (see quot.); selvage-strop (sense 4); selvage-way adv., in a direction parallel to the selvage.
1893J. T. Taylor Cotton Weaving 98 Another kind of *selvedge motion is that used for producing a plain selvedge on a loom weaving satteens with tappets.
1863J. Watson Weaving 160 The *selvage protector..to prevent the warp yarn from being broken by the weft shot drawing it too tightly.
c1860H. Stuart Seaman's Catech. 33 Put on the *selvage strop over the parcelling, and hook the single block of the luff tackle to both parts of the selvage.
1863J. Watson Weaving 161 They allow the pins to fall into position at the selvage, taking hold of the *selvage threads.
1875Plain Needlework 13 Half a yard should be snipped *selvage-way into twelve portions.
▪ II. selvage, selvedge, v.|ˈsɛlvɪdʒ|
[f. selvage n.]
trans. To form a boundary or edging to.
1704Petiver Gazophyl. iv. 35 This has no blue above, but selvidg'd with Golden Eye-like Spots. 1774Goldsm. Nat. Hist. VI. 37 Where the stream is selvaged with sedges, or the pond edged with shrubby trees. 1849D. Jerrold Man of Money xi, One of the Primrose Places to be found selvaging London. 1899Blackw. Mag. Feb. 180 Where the little grey towns cluster Deep in the hills or selvedging the sea.
Hence ˈselvaged ppl. a., ˈselvaging vbl. n.
1611Cotgr., Orlement, a hemming, seluidging. 1750G. Hughes Barbados 150 The outside is divided into five selvaged seams, the inside containing three blackish seeds. |