| 释义 |
▪ I. ‖ canard, n.|kanar, kəˈnɑːd|
[Fr.; lit. ‘duck’; also used in sense 1: see note there.]
1. An extravagant or absurd story circulated to impose on people's credulity; a hoax, a false report.
Littré says Canard for a silly story comes from the old expression ‘vendre un canard à moitié’ (to half-sell a duck), in which à moitié was subsequently suppressed. It is clear that to half-sell a duck is not to sell it at all; hence the sense ‘to take in, make a fool of’. In proof of this he cites bailleur de canards, deliverer of ducks, utterer of canards, of date 1612: Cotgr., 1611, has the fuller vendeur de canards a moitié ‘a cousener, guller, cogger; foister, lyer’. Others have referred the word to an absurd fabricated story purporting to illustrate the voracity of ducks, said to have gone the round of the newspapers, and to have been credited by many. As this account has been widely circulated, it is possible that it has contributed to render the word more familiar, and thus more used, in English.[I saw the word in print before 1850 (J.A.H.M.).] 1864in Webster. 1866Even. Standard 13 July 6 A silly canard circulated by the Owl, about England having joined France and Russia in ‘offering’ their mediation to the belligerents. 1880W. Day Racehorse in Train. xix. 185 The canards so industriously circulated as to the real cause of the deadly opposition he had met with.
2. A smaller surface on an aeroplane or hydrofoil providing stability or a means of control and placed forward of the main lifting surface; also (and orig.) an aeroplane with its wings so placed. Also attrib.
1916H. Barber Aeroplane Speaks 137 Canard, literally ‘duck’, the name which was given to a type of aeroplane of which the longitudinal stabilizing surface (empennage) was mounted in front of the main lifting surface. 1928C. F. S. Gamble North Sea Air Station Introd. 11 These monoplanes were of the ‘Canard’ (or ‘tail first’) type. 1931Flight 2 Jan. 4/1 His brother experimented with canard models. 1961New Scientist 16 Nov. 416/3 Most tentative designs for a Mach 3 liner provide for a canard form with the main wing at the rear. 1964Sci. Amer. June 27/3 SCAT 17 is a delta-wing design with a canard, or balancing surface, at the nose. 1967Jane's Surface Skimmer Systems 1967–68 95/2 The foils have been arranged..in a canard configuration, with one foil forward and two foils aft.
3. A bright, deep blue, like the colour which is found on a duck's wing.
[1902Daily Chron. 13 Dec. 8/4 The peculiar bright, yet deep, blue known in Paris as ‘canard’.] 1908Westm. Gaz. 22 Feb. 13/2 Canard—a new shade of blue inspired by the lovely patch of iridescent greeny blue that occurs on a duck's wing. 1923Daily Mail 21 June 1 Over 40 shades including Ivory,..Apricot, Canard.
▪ II. canard, v.|kəˈnɑːd|
[f. prec. n.; in sense 2, a. F. canarde-r.]
1. intr. To fly abroad as a false report.
1862Russell in Times 27 Mar., Stories of all sorts last week respecting his resignation..which may be heard canarding about in the halls of the hotels.
2. To make a harsh sound like the cry of a duck, on a wind-instrument.
1841Fraser's Mag. XXIII. 399 A ragged starveling, canarding on a clarionet. |