| 释义 |
rotunda|rəʊˈtʌndə|
[var. of rotonda, after L. rotunda, fem. of rotundus. See also rotundo.]
1. a. A building round in shape both inside and outside, esp. one with a dome.
a1700Evelyn Diary 7 Feb. 1645, Virgil's sepulchre erected on a steepe rock, in forme of a small rotunda or cupolated columne. 1753Hanway Trav. (1762) I. iii. xliii. 199 These edifices are rotundas, of about thirty feet diameter. 1789Mrs. Piozzi Journ. France I. 393 The Temple of Vesta..is a pretty rotunda. 1814P. Hawker Diary (1893) I. 116 A grand and fine-built rotunda for wheat and flour. 1863M. Howitt tr. F. Bremer's Greece II. xiv. 103 We were conducted through a garden into a large rotunda, with an arched roof. a1878Sir G. Scott Lect. Archit. (1879) II. 232 The Pantheon is..a simple rotunda.
transf.1710Addison Tatler No. 116 ⁋1 It..covered the whole Court of Judicature with a kind of Silken Rotunda, in its Form not unlike the Cupola of St. Paul's.
b. As the name of particular buildings of this form, such as the Pantheon at Rome.
1687A. Lovell tr. Thevenot's Trav. i. 187 The Dome.., which is much like the Dome of the Rotunda at Rome. 1705Addison Italy 176 After having survey'd this Dome, I went to see the Rotunda, which is generally said to have been the Model of it. 1775Ann. Reg. i. 217/1 A temporary octagon kind of building, erected about 20 yards below the rotunda [at Ranelagh]. 1841Penny Cycl. XX. 186/2 The Rotunda or Church of Santa Maria Maggiore at Nocera. 1872R. B. Smyth Mining & Min. Statistics 81 The gutter..had been traced under the rotunda in the Botanical Gardens.
2. a. A circular hall or room within a building.
1780A. Young Tour in Ireland i. 2 In the evening to the Rotunda, a circular room, 90 feet diameter, an imitation of Ranelagh, provided with a band of music. 1808M. Wilmot Russ. Jrnls. (1934) iii. 316 From the Gallery one enters a Green House..in the Center of which is a rotunda for Entertaining Company. 1828J. F. Cooper Notions of Amer. II. 158 In the rotunda, or the great hall of the capitol. 1841Penny Cycl. XX. 187/1 A better example of a rotunda may be seen in that of the Bank of England. 1901Daily Tel. 18 Mar. 10/7 The Reading Room of the British Museum.., that immense rotunda.
b. N. Amer. The main hall of a public building; a lobby, a concourse.
1905Eye Opener (Calgary) 28 Jan. 3/1 The hotels have no drinking-water tanks in their rotundas for the use of guests or local patrons—for obvious reasons. 1912J. Sandlands Western Canad. Dict., Rotunda, the hall or main entrance and waiting-room of a railway depot or an hotel. 1924J. F. Dorrance Never Fire First xiii. 134 The scene in the rotunda of Montreal's impressive Windsor Station was as lively as it was metropolitan. 1958Edmonton Jrnl. 19 June 33/3 Place and Date of Sale [is] Rotunda, Fifth Floor, Natural Resources Building, Edmonton, Alberta. 1973H. Kemelman Tuesday Rabbi saw Red vi. 41 Inside the enclosed area of the Marble, the marble-tiled rotunda, students were swarming about.
3. Typogr. A type-face of gothic inspiration used in some early printed books, based on a rounded script developed in the 13th century and popularized by the Bolognese law-school; also, the manuscript hand on which this type-face was based.
1929A. F. Johnson in Library IX. 364 This is the rounded gothic of the Italians... In typography the Germans call it Rotunda. Ibid., Jenson's Rotundas had a much wider vogue than his roman. 1954R. Stokes Esdaile's Student's Man. Bibliogr. (ed. 3) iv. 141 The third class of rotunda types..is largely an Italian style of gothic and shows a much more open quality. 1969H. Carter View of Early Typogr. iii. 50 This Italian rotunda was a somewhat cramped letter with short ascending and descending strokes... It was ideally suited to printing and printing was ideally suited to it. 1976Times Lit. Suppl. 22 Oct. 1328/3 Caxton's mainstay bâtardes 2, 4, and 6 are surely best understood as belonging to the great calligraphic types of the earliest period, in fourth place after the Gutenbergian or Mainz texturas and rotundas and the Venetian romans. 1978Jrnl. R. Soc. Arts CXXVI. 378/1 The widely practised ‘Rotunda’ hand of the Marmion, Soane, Serristori and other manuscript Hours.
4. attrib. and Comb., as rotunda form, rotunda-house, etc.
1813Sporting Mag. XLII. 54 The rotunda form of stabling was originally recommended about seventeen years since. 1841Penny Cycl. XX. 186/2 A rotunda-house, about 50 feet in diameter. Ibid. 187/1 The rotunda interior of St. Peter-le-Poor's, London. 1841Civil Eng. & Arch. Jrnl. IV. 117/2 The tholus, or concave dome,..renders the rotunda-shape..the most complete for internal effect. |