| 释义 |
polonaise, n.|pɒləˈneɪz, pəʊl-|
Also 8 polonoise.
[a. F. polonaise, prop. adj. fem. of polonais Polish; lit. a Polish robe or redingote.]
1. A name applied, at various periods from c 1770 onward, to an article of female dress originally suggested by that of Polish women, being a dress or over-dress, consisting of a bodice, with a skirt open from the waist downwards; variously modified at different times.
1773Mrs. Harris in Priv. Lett. Ld. Malmesbury (1870) I. 266 The four ladies were to be dressed in white polonaises. 1790Guthrie's Geog. Gram., Poland (ed. 12) II. 542 The habit of the women comes very near to that of the men, a simple Polonaise, or long robe edged with fur. 1820Lady Granville Lett. (1894) I. 153 An added or moulu border to the Polonaise. 1835World of Fashion Feb. 35/1 The Polonaise, is a very becoming carriage dress. The form resembles a short pelisse. 1883Truth 31 May 768/2 Tabs are universal. They appear on tunics, polonaises, bodices, and sleeves. 1899Daily News 15 Apr. 8/5 There is one point of difference between the modern polonaise and its ancestor... The former is rigidly tight, and plain about the hips.
†b. A similar garment worn by young boys: = Polony1 A. 2. Obs.
1819Scott Leg. Montrose xvii, This dress.. bore some resemblance to that called polonaise, still worn by children in Scotland of the lower rank.
c. A kind of overcoat for men, usually short and edged with fur.
1890in Cent. Dict.
d. A cloth of a silk and cotton mixture. Cf. polonese n. 1.
1894J. E. Davis Elem. Mod. Dressmaking v. 93 Polonaise, a mixture of silk and cotton, which has the appearance of a soft dull silk with a distinct serge-like twill, is very much used as a skirt-lining for rich materials. 1923Daily Mail 13 Aug. 4 (Advt.), The lining of the coat is silk Polonaise. 1932G. Heyer Devil's Cub x. 152 Lady Fanny..in a négligée of Irish polonaise, with a gauze apron.
2. A slow dance of Polish origin, consisting chiefly of an intricate march, procession, or promenade of the dancers in couples; also, the music which accompanies this dance, or any music written in its peculiar triple rhythm.
1797Monthly Mag. III. 466 The thirteenth [movement], a Polonoise, is characterised by much sweetness and novelty. 1813Lady Burghersh Lett. (1893) 93 The ball began with polonaises, which are in fact only walking in time. 1861Daily Tel. 22 Oct., The ball, as is usual..in Germany, commenced with a sort of general perambulation in couples. It is not dancing,..it is simply walking to the music. This solemn promenade is known as a Polonaise.
3. Cookery. Applied absol., attrib., or as adj. to dishes supposedly cooked in a Polish style. Also à la Polonaise.
1889J. Whitehead Steward's Handbk. iv. 405/2 Polonaise (a la), in Polish style. 1950E. Brunet tr. Saulnier's Répertoire de la Cuisine 199 (heading) Asparagus..Polonaise.—Dished in rows, sprinkle with hard boiled eggs and parsley chopped, pour over some bread crumbs tossed in butter nicely browned. Ibid. 203 (heading) Cauliflowers..Polonaise.—Dressed cauliflower on buttered dish, sprinkle with chopped parsley and hard boiled eggs, and bread crumbs, [etc.]. 1965House & Garden Dec. 84/2 Polonaise, lightly fried breadcrumbs used in among other ingredients and not just as a topping or garnish. 1969G. Payton Proper Names 355/1 Polonaise (Cooking), with beetroot and sour cream.
4. Used attrib. or as adj. to designate a type of rug woven in Iran during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries using silver and gold warp threads. Also absol. as n.
1911G. G. Lewis Pract. Bk. Oriental Rugs xxi. 322 According to Dr. Valentiner the so-called Polanaise [sic] and Ispahan rugs belong to the 17th century. 1913W. A. Hawley Oriental Rugs vii. 88 It was doubtless after..Shah Abbas I had begun to embellish his capital at Ispahan, that were made the famous ‘Polish’ silk or ‘Polonaise’ carpets about which there has been so much controversy. 1931A. U. Dilley Oriental Rugs & Carpets ii. 44 Many of the king's rugs—the ones containing gold and silver, now called Polonaise—were woven at Kashan. 1962C. W. Jacobsen Oriental Rugs 272 All Polonaise rugs belong to the 17th century, particularly the first half. The name Polonaise dates from the Paris exposition in 1878, when several rugs of this type were exhibited by Prince Czartorski of Warsaw. 1973M. S. Dimand Oriental Rugs in Metropolitan Museum of Art v. 65/1 Because some of the rugs bear Polish coats of arms, they, too, have been called ‘Polish’ or ‘Polonaise’. 1976Times 15 Apr. 16/3 Christie's sale of Eastern rugs. A sixteenth-century Polonaise was unsold at {pstlg}16,500.
Hence poloˈnaise v. intr., to dance a polonaise; to move in a slow and stately manner; poloˈnaise-wise adv., in the manner of a polonaise.
1828De Quincey Rhet. Wks. 1860 XI. 363 Milton..polonaises with a grand Castilian air, in paces too sequacious and processional. 1858G. Bloomfield Remin. (1883) II. xiv. 64 After the presentations..Her Royal Highness polonaised with twenty-two Princes. 1888Times (weekly ed.) 10 Feb. 1/3 The ball is opened by their Majesties and their Court parading round the house in polonaise-wise. 1898Westm. Gaz. 5 May 3/2 A cherry red voile set in deep tucks placed polonaise-wise on the skirt. |