| 释义 |
▪ I. temple, n.1|ˈtɛmp(ə)l|
Forms: 1–2 templ, tempel, (3 Orm. temmple), 3– temple. Also 4 tempel, -ele, -ile, -ille, (templee), 4–6 tempil(l, -yll, 5 -yl(e, -ul, 5–6 -ull(e, 6 -ell.
[OE. templ, tempel, ad. L. templum; reinforced in ME. by F. temple (10th c. in Godef. Compl.) = Pr. temple, Sp., Pg. templo, It. tempio:—L. templum.]
I.
1. An edifice or place regarded primarily as the dwelling-place or ‘house’ of a deity or deities; hence, an edifice devoted to divine worship. a. In a general sense. (Often, as in quot. c 825, going back to a specific use.)
cave-temple or cavern-temple, a natural cave used as a temple.
c825Vesp. Psalter xlvii. 10 We onfengun god mildheortnisse ðine in midle temples ðines. Ibid. lxxviii. 1 Tempel haliᵹ ðin. 13..E.E. Allit. P. A. 1061 Chapel ne temple þat euer watz set. 14..Voc. in Wr.-Wülcker 626/2 Tempulle, templum. 1526Tindale Acts vii. 48 But he that is hyest of all dweleth not in temples made with hondes. 1529More Dyaloge i, God is as myghtye in the stable as in the temple. 1610Shakes. Temp. iv. i. 153 The Clowd-capt Towres, the gorgeous Pallaces, the solemn Temples, the great Globe it selfe..shall dissolue. 1642Fuller Holy & Prof. St. iii. xxiv. 219 Take Temple for a covered standing structure, and the Jews had none till the time of Solomon. 1832Disraeli Cont. Fleming v. iv, There is not a more beautiful and solemn temple in the world, than the great Cathedral of Seville. 1837Prichard Phys. Hist. Man. (ed. 3) II. 243 The great cavern-temple of Tulzis. a1845Syd. Smith in Lady Holland Mem. (1855) I. iii. 55 The true Christian..loves the good, under whatever temple, at whatever altar he may find them. 1850J. Leitch tr. C. O. Müller's Anc. Art §52. 26 The simplest temples (σηκοὶ) of the primitive ages were merely hollow trees in which images were placed.
b. Historically applied to the sacred buildings of the Egyptians, Greeks, Romans, and other ancient nations; now, to those of Hinduism, Buddhism, Confucianism, Taoism, Shintoism, and the ethnic religions generally.
971Blickl. Hom. 221 He maniᵹ templ & deofolgyld ᵹebræc & ᵹefylde. c1000ælfric Hom. II. 574 [Hi] ðam fela templa arærdon. c1205Lay. 10178 Alle þa templen [c 1275 temples] þe þa heðene hafden itimbrid. 1297R. Glouc. (Rolls) 318 A temple hii vovnde vair inou & a maumet amidde. c1375Sc. Leg. Saints v. (Johannes) 293 Þe tempil of dyane. c1400Destr. Troy 1358 All tight to þe tempull of þere tore goddes. 1596Dalrymple tr. Leslie's Hist. Scot. ii. (S.T.S.) 135 margin, Tempilis & places of sacrifice to prophane Godis. 1634Sir T. Herbert Trav. 205 The Citie [Meaco in Japan] has seuenty Temples, in one of which are set three thousand three hundred thirty three gilded Idols. 1667Milton P.L. i. 402 The wisest heart Of Solomon he [Moloch] led by fraud to build His Temple right against the Temple of God. 1756–7tr. Keysler's Trav. (1760) II. 441 The temple of the Sibylla Tiburtina spoken of by Lactantius. 1860Gardner Faiths World II. 588/2 Pagoda..In Hindustan, Burmah, and China..implies a temple in which idols are worshipped. Ibid. 894/1 Their [Taoists] priests live in the temples, and are supported by the produce of the grounds attached to the establishment.
c. spec. The sacred edifice (or any one of the successive edifices) at Jerusalem, the ‘House of the Lord’, and seat of the Jewish worship of Jehovah.
c897K. ælfred Gregory's Past. C. xxxvi. 252 Þa stanas on ðæm mæran temple Salomonnes wæron ær swæ wel ᵹefeᵹede. 971Blickl. Hom. 27 He hine asette ofer þæs temples scylf. c1000Ags. Gosp. Matt. iv. 5 Ða ᵹebrohte se deofol hine..and asette hine ofer þæs temples heahnesse. c1200Ormin 11880 Te deofell brohhte Crist Uppo þatt hallȝhe temmple. c1325Metr. Hom. 75 In the temple fand thai than Seynt Symeon. 1382Wyclif Matt. xxi. 12 Jhesus entride in to the temple of God. a1425Cursor M. 10946 (Laud) Zakarie to tempille yede. Ibid. 13745 (Trin.) Ihesu..say noon in þe tempul leued. 1533Gau Richt Vay (S.T.S.) 23 The rewlers of the tempil and the cheif prestis. 1611Bible John viii. 2 Earely in the morning hee came againe into the Temple. 1877C. Geikie Christ lvii. (1879) 692 The Temple was built of white stones of great size, the length of each about 37½ ft., some even 45 ft.
d. transf. and fig.
c1607Donne Lett., to Sir H. Goodere 14 Aug. (1651) 116 That time [for the outward service] to me towards you is Tuesday, and my Temple, the Rose in Smith-field. 1771Junius Lett. lix. (1820) 311 The temple of fame is the shortest passage to riches and preferment. 1860Tyndall Glac. i. ii. 19 A temple of science now in ruins. 1877C. Geikie Christ xxxi. (1879) 370 The true worship has its temple in the inmost soul. 1879Stainer Music of Bible 5 Whose temple of worship was the canopy of heaven.
e. A Jewish synagogue; now spec. the place of worship of Reform (and some Conservative) Jews. Now chiefly U.S.
1598J. Stow Survey of London 277 But that this house hath beene a Temple or Jewish Sinagogue..I allow not. 1830Monthly Intelligence May 75/2 There is at Frankfort..a considerable body of Jews, belonging to what is called the ‘New Temple’... Mr. Moritz mentions having visited their Temple. 1850G. Aguilar Vale of Cedars v. 27 The little temple was erected..and the solemn rites of their peculiar faith adhered to. 1914I. Cohen Jewish Life in Modern Times xi. 287 So occidentalized has the Reform temple become that a visitor at first sight can hardly distinguish whether he is in a synagogue or a chapel. 1942C. Roth in Menorah Jrnl. Winter 4 Their place of worship (no longer a homely Schul but, with unhappy retrogression, a Temple). 1978H. Kemelman Thursday the Rabbi walked Out (1979) ii. 14 It's the place of women in the temple service I want to talk about, Rabbi. Ibid. vii. 45 The synagogue, or as we call it, the temple. 1981G. V. Higgins Rat on Fire vii. 56 Saturdays everybody dressed up and went to temple.
2. transf.
a. A building dedicated to public Christian worship; a church: esp. applied to a large or grand edifice.
1399Langl. Rich. Redeles Prol. 3 A temple of þe trinite [in Bristol]..That cristis chirche is cleped. 1538Starkey England ii. i. 176 Magnyfycal and gudly housys, fayr tempullys and churchys. 1560J. Daus tr. Sleidane's Comm. 367 Whan the last of them are come to the church, the Souldiours by and by discharge their pieces: and..about the Temple kepe warde till the counsell breake vp. 1849Macaulay Hist. Eng. iv. I. 471 The king determined to hear mass with the same pomp with which his predecessors had been surrounded when they repaired to the temples of the established religion. 1867D. Duncan Disc. 120 By some classes of professing Christians, their places of worship are called temples..and are reverenced as sacred or holy. 1876Haydn's Dict. Dates 706/2 The ‘City Temple’, a dissenters' chapel..was opened 19 May, 1874.
b. spec. In France and some French-speaking countries, a Protestant as distinguished from a Roman Catholic place of worship (the term ‘church’ (église) being usually confined to the latter).
1566Clough in Burgon Life Gresham (1839) II. 154 note, They have laid and begun the foundation of four new tempells [in Antwerp], besides the great barne at St. Mychell's, which ys very handsomely trymmed for a preaching place. [1843Murray's France 465/2 There are 12,000 Protestants at Nismes, who have 2 churches (temples).] 1879Stevenson Trav. Cevennes (1886) 150 One of the first things I encountered in Pont de Montvert was..the Protestant temple.
c. The central place of worship of the Mormons.
1858Encycl. Brit. (ed. 8) XV. 591/1 This great undertaking of Nauvoo was the building of the Mormon temple. 1874J. H. Blunt Dict. Sects 347/2 A revelation of great length..gave directions for the building of a splendid temple, the first stone of which was laid with great pomp on April 6th, 1841. Ibid. 354/1 The tithes are supposed to be devoted to the building of the temple.
3. fig. Any place regarded as occupied by the divine presence; spec. the person or body of a Christian.
c975Rushw. Gosp. John ii. 19 Un-duað ðone tempel ðis & on ðrim daᵹum ic awecco ðæt. Ibid. 21 He wutudlice ᵹicwæð of temple lichoma his. c1000ælfric Hom. II. 580 Nyte ᵹe þæt eowere lima syndon þæs Halᵹan Gastes tempel, seðe on eow is? c1200Ormin 15843 Crisstene follc iss Cristess hus & Cristess hallȝhe temmple. c1290St. Kath. 21 in S. Eng. Leg. I. 92 Ȝwy ne bi-holde ȝe þe heiȝe temple..Of þe heie heuene þat geth a-boute a-bouen eov niȝt and dai. 1388Wyclif 1 Cor. iii. 16 Witen ȝe not, that ȝe ben the temple of God, and the spirit of God dwellith in ȝou? c1400Destr. Troy 11781 Couetous men comynly are cald aftur right, A temple to the tyrand, þat tises to syn. c1450Godstow Reg. 5 Iff we make clene oure tempil with-ynne. a1515Dunbar Poems lxxxvi. 19 Tryumphand tempill of the Trinite..Princes of peiss..O mater Jhesu, salue Maria! 1605Shakes. Macb. ii. iii. 73 Most sacrilegious Murther hath broke ope The Lords anoynted Temple, and stole thence The Life o'th'Building. 1681–6J. Scott Chr. Life (1747) III. 55 How could his Spirit's dwelling in us constitute us Temples of God, unless he himself were God? a1700Dryden tr. Hymn, Veni, Creator Spiritus 6 From sin and sorrow set us free, And make thy temples worthy thee. 1839–52Bailey Festus (ed. 5) 464 My favoured temple is an humble heart. 1875Manning Mission H. Ghost i. 21 Yet they have been made temples of the Holy Ghost.
II.
†4. The head-quarters of the Knights Templars, on or contiguous to the site of the temple at Jerusalem; hence, the order or organization of the Templars. Obs.
a1131O.E. Chron. an. 1128 Ðes ilces ᵹeares com fram Ierusalem Hugo of þe temple. c1400Mandeville (1839) x. 88 Towardes the south right nygh, is the temple of Salomon... And in þat temple duellen the knyghtes of the temple, that weren wont to be clept Templeres, & þat was the fundacioun of here ordre. c1400Brut 148 Amonge þe castelles he made an house of þe temple. 1656Blount Glossogr., Templaries, or Knights of the Temple.
5. spec.
a. Name of two of the Inns of Court (see inn n. 5 c) in London, known as the Inner Temple and the Middle Temple (see quot. 1727–41), which stand on the site of the buildings once occupied by the Templars (of which the church alone remains).
c1386Chaucer Prol. 567 A gentil Maunciple was ther of a temple. 1462J. Paston in P. Lett. II. 92 To myn ryth reverent..fader, John Paston, beyng in the Inder Temple. 1556Chron. Gr. Friars (Camden) 97 The xviij day of August [1556] the mayer dynned at the rederes denner at the Tempulle. 1591Shakes. 1 Hen. VI, ii. v. 19 We sent vnto the Temple, vnto his Chamber. 1656Blount Glossogr. s.v. Templaries, These Templars first founded and built the Temples or Templars Inne in Fleetstreet. 1709Steele Tatler No. 60 ⁋1 A Student of the Inner Temple. 1727–41Chambers Cycl., Temples,.. two inns of court, thus called, because anciently the dwelling-house of the knights⁓templars..They are called the inner and middle temple, in relation to Essex-house, which was also a part of the house of the templars, and called the outer temple, because situate without Temple-Bar. 1905C. T. Martin (title) Minutes of Parliament of the Middle Temple.
b. Name of the place in Paris which formed the head-quarters of the Templars in Europe.
1617Moryson Itin. i. 190 (Paris) The second gate towards the East, is the gate of the Temple. 1735[see temple diamond in 6]. 1888T. A. Archer in Encycl. Brit. XXIII. 160/2 Louis VII..gave them a piece of marsh land outside Paris, which in later times became known as the Temple, and was the headquarters of the order in Europe.
III. 6. attrib. and Comb. a. Simple attrib., in senses 1–3, as temple-book, temple-building, temple-captain, temple-chamber, temple-chief, temple-companion, temple-court, temple-door, temple-end, temple-fellow, temple-festival, temple-fronton, temple-gate, temple-gift, temple-guard, temple-hill, temple-hospital, temple-land, temple-master, temple-ministrant, temple-mount, temple-music, temple-musician, temple-pavement, temple-pediment, temple-porch, temple-priest, temple-priesthood, temple-prophet, temple-revenue, temple-roof, temple-ruin, temple-sanctuary, temple-sculpture, temple-service, temple-shrine, temple-singer, temple-staff, temple-stair, temple-stead, temple-system, temple-tax, temple-treasury, temple-union, temple-veil, temple-vision, temple-wall, temple-warden, temple-wardenship, temple-worship, temple-yard; in sense 5, as temple-exchange, temple-garden, temple-hall, etc.; appositive, as temple-house, temple-palace, temple-pyramid, temple-tomb, temple-tower. b. Obj. and obj. gen., as temple-keeper, temple-robber, temple-sweeper, temple-visiting; temple-haunting adj.; instrumental, similative, etc., as temple-crowned, temple-like, temple-sacred, temple-treated adjs.c. Special combs.: temple block, a percussion instrument of oriental origin consisting of a hollow block of wood which is struck with a drum-stick; also known as a wood block; usu. in pl.; temple children, children in the service of temples in India; Temple church: see 5; † temple diamond (see quot.); temple-foundling, ? a foundling deposited at the Temple (sense 5); Temple parliament, = parliament n.1 5 b; † temple-pickling (obs. slang): see quot.; temple prostitute, a woman maintained by a temple, who performs rituals of a sexual nature (cf. devadasi); also fig.; hence temple prostitution; temple-ring (see quot.); temple-state: in antiquity, a city-state centred on a temple or similar sacred edifice; temple-title, the name under which a deceased Chinese emperor is worshipped; temple-trotter (see quot.). Also Temple-bar.
1929Melody Maker Mar. 295/2 The same remark applies to the *Temple blocks, and even the tambourine can easily be played too loudly. 1964J. Carter in Norton & Spacey Drums & Drumming Today 40 How I yearn for the days of temple blocks and saucepan lids.
1448–9J. Metham Amoryus & Cleopes 28 Ther othe thei toke, Sweryng vpon the *tempyl-boke.
1857J. Hamilton Lessons fr. Gt. Biog. (1859) 219 The occupants of these *temple-chambers.
1727–41Chambers Cycl. s.v., The chief officer was the master of the temple... And from him the chief minister of the *temple-church is still called the master of the temple.
1846Grote Greece I. xi. 263 Pindar,..Euripidês and Apollodôrus, name Erichthonius..as the being who was thus adopted and made the *temple-companion of Athênê.
1820Shelley Witch of Atlas in Posthumous Poems (1824) 50 And round each *temple-court In dormitories ranged..She saw the priests asleep. 1930R. Graves Ten Poems More 13 In every temple-court, for all to see Flourishes one example of each tree In tricunx.
1884R. Bridges Prometheus 758 The *temple-crowned heights.
1735Dict. Polygraph. I. S vij, The factitious diamonds..call'd *temple Diamonds, because the best of them are made in the temple at Paris, are vastly short of the genuine ones.
c1386Chaucer Knt.'s T. (1875, Harl. MS. 7334) 2422 The rynges on þe *tempul dore þat hange. 1729Swift Directions for Birth-day Song in Poems (1958) 462 What tho for fifteen years and more, Janus hath lock'd his Temple-door? 1921G. B. Shaw Back to Methuselah iv. 178 The temple door is in the middle of the portico.
1760Foote Minor i. Wks. 1799 I. 239 He sits..every evening, from five till eight, under the clock, at the *Temple-exchange.
1614Selden Titles Hon. Pref. C j, Honor and deseruing Vertue..were *Temple-fellowes in old Rome.
1905Athenæum 29 July 146/1 The last of the *Temple foundlings, Mary Ann Littlefield, survived as late as 1865, and was supposed to have been the original of Miss Flite in Dickens's ‘Bleak House’.
1591Shakes. 1 Hen. VI, ii. iv. 125 This brawle to day, Growne to this faction in the *Temple Garden, Shall send betweene the Red-Rose and the White, A thousand Soules to Death and deadly Night.
1595Spenser Epithal. xii, Open the *temple gates unto my love, Open them wide that she may enter in.
1605Shakes. Macb. i. vi. 4 This Guest of Summer, The *Temple-haunting Martlet.
13..All Saints 41 in Herrig Archiv LXXIX. 435 Thus was ordeynd þis *temple-hous [the Pantheon] Off all deuyllus, to haue þer cours.
a1670Spalding Troub. Chas. I (1829) 63 He gave them the superiorities of the haill *temple-lands within their burrow.
1663Gerbier Counsel e iij, Representing Solomons *Temple-like Foundations of a State.
1860Pusey Min. Proph. 398 Habakkuk must have been entitled to take part in the *temple-music, and so must have been a Levite.
1891Cheyne Psalter ii. 69 It [Ps. 37] is evidently the work of a *temple-musician.
1851Buried City East Nineveh vii. 105 The architecture of the Assyrians, as illustrated in its only relics, the great *Temple-palaces.
1641W. Mountagu in Buccleuch MSS. (Hist. MSS. Comm.) I. 285 Friday is the day of *Temple parliament. 1905Daily News 15 July 4 The transactions of the Middle Temple ‘Parliaments’, beginning from the year 1501.
a1700B. E. Dict. Cant. Crew, *Temple-pickling, the Pumping of Bailives, Bumms, Setters, Pick-pockets, &c.
a1711Ken Hymnotheo Poet. Wks. 1721 III. 77 The *Temple-Porch two arched Cloysters flank'd.
a1911N.E.D., *Temple-priest. 1941J. Masefield Gautama 31 Like a temple-priest intoning.
1711Hickes Two Treat. Chr. Priesth. (1847) II. 251 A dissolution of the *temple-priesthood.
1890A. B. Ellis Ewe-Speaking Peoples of Slave Coast of W. Afr. ix. 141 Girls dedicated to a god do not necessarily serve him during the whole of their lives... In Dahomi there seems to be a marked distinction between those who actually minister to the service of the temple, and those who are merely *temple prostitutes. 1951Auden Nones (1952) 28 Private rites of magic send The temple prostitutes to sleep. 1980S. T. Haymon Death & Pregnant Virgin xi. 84 Poor old Charlie! Thought he'd recruited a vestal virgin when what he'd got was a temple prostitute!
1912J. N. Farquhar Primer of Hinduism xvi. 194 We are now in a position to realise how it has been possible for the Hindu to admit such things as..cruel torture, *temple prostitution. 1961L. Mumford City in History iv. 106 The custom of temple prostitution has not merely been preserved down to our own day.., but the temples of the goddesses of love..were traditionally the favored places of assignation for lovers.
1948Nat. Geogr. Mag. Jan. 127 (caption) High and steep were the *temple pyramids of the Maya. 1966M. D. Coe Maya v. 94 Towering above all are the mighty temple-pyramids built from limestone blocks over a rubble core.
1905D. Smith Days His Flesh vii. 59 Every adult Israelite..had to pay an annual tax of half a shekel to the *Temple-revenue.
1877W. Jones Finger-ring 298 Another betrothal ring..called ‘*temple’ or ‘tower’, from the figure of the sacred temple placed on their summit.
1637Nabbes Microcosm. in Dodsley O. Pl. IX. 163 The *temple-robber..to the altar flies. a1661B. Holyday Juvenal (1673) 249 Temple-robbers..stealing away plates of gold from the statues of the gods.
1857J. Hamilton Lessons fr. Gt. Biog. (1859) 86 He heard from the *temple-roof a whisper in his ear.
1860Pusey Min. Proph. 24 The condition..in which there should be none of the special *Temple-service.
a1711Ken Hymnotheo Poet. Wks. 1721 III. 78 Hymnotheo..Kiss'd the Saints' feet, who trod the *Temple-Stairs.
1920H. G. Wells Outl. Hist. 150/2 There is no *temple-state stage, no stage of priest Kings, in the Greek record. 1931Times Lit. Suppl. 1 Jan. 3/2 The Pope's temporal domain..is not a city-state but a temple-state.
1870Morris Earthly Par. III. 299 Now fain I would unto the *temple-stead.
1904R. J. Farrer Garden Asia 118 The great *temple-tomb is in high festival for the Birthday of the Saviour [Buddha].
1863W. Smith's Dict. Bible 158/2 s.v. Babel, An ancient Babylonian *temple-tower.
1873Browning Red Cotton Night-Cap Country 680 A quaint device, Pillared and *temple-treated Belvedere.
1861Sat. Rev. 30 Nov. 560 An extremely low lawyer's clerk, of the genus which in old professional slang was called ‘*Temple-trotter’.
c1340Cursor M. 16762 + 85 (Cott.) Þe *temple vayl clef in twoo.
1609Bible (Douay) Zeph. i. 4 The names of the *templewardens with the priests.
1904W. M. Ramsay Lett. to Seven Ch. xvii. 232 The fourth *Temple-Wardenship seems to be of Artemis.
1680Allen Peace & Unity 102 The corrupt estate of the Jewish church..both in *Temple-worship and in Synagogue-worship. 1714R. Fiddes Pract. Disc. ii. 138 The ceremonial ordinances which chiefly gave directions about the temple-worship.
Hence ˈtempleful, as many or as much as fills a temple; ˈtempleward adv., towards the temple.
1868Whittier Meeting 21 Nor ritual-bound nor templeward Walks the free spirit of the Lord! 1909Expositor Oct. 316 A whole templeful of men whose consciences kept them from casting a stone.
▪ II. temple, n.2|ˈtɛmp(ə)l|
Also 4–5 tempil, 5 -elle, -ylle, 6 Sc. tympille.
[a. OF. temple fem. (11th c. in Roland), = Prov. templa, It. tempia:—pop. L. type *tempula, *templa, app. for cl.L. tempora, pl. of tempus ‘temple of the head’ (taken later as fem. sing.: cf. Bible). OF. temple (still in Dict. Acad. 1694–1740) is represented in mod.F. by tempe (already in Palsgr., 1530).]
1. The flattened region on each side of the (human) forehead. (Chiefly in pl.)
c1310St. Margaret 219 in Horstm. Altengl. Leg. (1881) 231 Sche toke him bi þe temples [earlier version bi þe toppe]; about sche him swong. a1340Hampole Psalter cxxxi. 5 Þe tempils of þi heued waxis heuy. a1400Poem on Blood-letting in Rel. Ant. I. 189 Two [places] at the templys thay mot blede. 14..Voc. in Wr.-Wülcker 631/2 Tempelle, tempora. 1535Coverdale Judg. iv. 21 Then Iael..smote the nale in thorow the temples of his heade, so yt he sancke to y⊇ earth. 1643Sir T. Browne Relig. Med. ii. §12 Let no dreames my head infest, But such as Jacobs temples blest. 1703Pope Vertumnus 34 And wreaths of hay his sun-burnt temples shade. 1813Scott Rokeby i. viii, A scorching clime, And toil, had..Roughened the brow, the temples bared. 1814Cary Dante, Paradise xxv. 11, I..shall claim the wreath Due to the poet's temples.
b. transf. A corresponding part in lower animals.
1769E. Bancroft Guiana 181 The temples, rump and belly are of a violet colour. 1826Kirby & Sp. Entomol. III. 365 External anatomy of insects... Tempora (the Temples). Those parts which lie on the outside of the posterior half of the eyes. 1850R. G. Cumming Hunter's Life S. Afr. (1902) 87/1 My dinner consisted of a piece of flesh from the temple of the elephant. 1860Mayne Expos. Lex., Temple,..Ornithol., Zool. Applied to the lateral region of the head comprised between the eyes and ears.
†2. pl. Ornaments of jewellery or needlework formerly worn by ladies on the sides of the forehead. Obs.
c1430Lydg. Min. Poems (Percy Soc.) 56 A fowle visage with gay temples of atyre. 1439E.E. Wills (1882) 116 (C'tess Warwick) That my grete templys with the Baleys be sold to the vtmest pryse. [1656Dugdale Antiq. Warwick. 330/1 [marg. note on quot. 1439] Jewels hanging on womens foreheads by Bodkins thrust into their hair. ]
3. Each of the side-members or limbs of a pair of spectacles, which clasp the sides of the head of the wearer. U.S.
1877Knight Dict. Mech., Temple..one of the bars on the outer ends of the spectacle bows [i.e. rims of the lenses] by which the spectacles are made to clasp the head of the wearer. [Hence in later Dicts.]
4. attrib. and Comb., as temple-bone, temple-pulse, temple-shot; temple-spectacles, spectacles having jointed sidelimbs that grasp the temples.
1615Crooke Body of Man 583 Where it yssueth out of the *Temple-bone it is broader and thicker. 1793Holcroft Lavater's Physiogn. xiv. 75 The temple-bones..are slow in coming to perfection.
1891Daily News 28 Oct. 7/2 The witness was feeling the *temple pulse while administering.
1899F. V. Kirby Sport E.C. Africa xxi. 232, I ran in and killed him with a *temple shot from my Metford.
1762Goldsm. Cit. W. lv, He had more powder in his hair,..a pair of *temple spectacles, and his hat under his arm.
▪ III. temple, n.3|ˈtɛmp(ə)l|
[a. F. temple fem. (also templet, temploir, templu), Littré: perh. orig. the same word as temple, tempe, temple n.2]
1. A contrivance for keeping cloth stretched to its proper width in the loom during the process of weaving. Usually pl.
In the hand-loom, a pair of flat rods, having toothed ends which caught the selvedge on each side; in the power-loom, various rotary devices are used.
1483Cath. Angl. 379/2 A Tempylle of a wefere, virgula. 1688R. Holme Armoury iii. viii. 348/1 Temples,..two Staves with broad ends set with sharp Pins,..by the pins putting into the selvage of the Cloth it is kept open while it is in Weaving. 1733P. Lindsay Interest Scotl. 169 The Sum that is now given for the Encouragement of that Branch [Weaving], exclusive of the Reeds, Harness, Shuttles, and Temples. 1863J. Watson Art Weaving 150 The Breast Beam is the rail in front of the loom... It is on this rail that the self acting temples are fixed. 1888Elworthy West Somerset Word-bk., Temples, a wooden stretcher of adjustable length, having points at either end, used by weavers to keep the cloth as woven of the proper width in the loom... Often called a ‘pair o' temples’. 1898Leeds Mercury Suppl. 10 Dec. (E.D.D.), The temples on looms to-day..consist of wheels on either side of the woven piece, having projecting pins all round their circumferences.
2. = template1 2. Also attrib.
1688R. Holme Armoury iii. ix. 394/2 Temple Moulds..are Boards cut in that for[m] as the Stone is to be cut. 1847–78Halliwell, Temple-mold, a pattern, or mould used by masons in fashioning their work.
▪ IV. temple, v.|ˈtɛmp(ə)l|
[f. temple n.1]
1. trans. To enclose in or as in a temple, to enshrine; to honour with a temple or temples, to build a temple to or for. Also fig.
1593Southwell St. Peters Compl. 27 Christ, as my God, was templed in my thought. 1628Feltham Resolves ii. [i] lxxxiv. 242 The Heathen (in many places) Templed and adored this drunken god. 1838S. Bellamy Betrayal 57 Templed, and taught, and rited as thou art. 1839Bailey Festus xxxi. (1852) 514 Immured..In..her holy home, With many a lovely handmaiden around In starry palace templed. 1936A. Clarke Coll. Poems 98 We saw again How Brigid, while her women slept Around her, temple'd by the flame, Sat in a carven chair.
2. To make or fashion into a temple.
1839–49[implied in templed ppl. a. 2].
†3. intr. To reside or dwell as in a temple. Obs.
a1711Ken Hymns Evang. Poet. Wks. 1721 I. 62 Bless'd Jesu! deign to Temple in my Mind. ― Sion ibid. IV. 412 O Jesu,..I feel thee templing in my Heart.
Hence ˈtempling vbl. n.
a1638Mede Wks. (1672) 641 The Deifying and invocating of Saints and Angels,..the adoring and templing of Reliques. 1677Gale Crt. Gentiles II. iii. 105 In the Demon-worship they had many other rites, as worshipping of Columnes, Templing of Reliques. |