| 释义 |
piroplasm Biol.|ˈpaɪərəʊplæz(ə)m|
† Also in mod.L. form piroˈplasma (pl. -plasmata).
[f. L. pir-um pear + -o + plasm, plasma.]
A protozoan of the suborder Piroplasmidea of sporozoans, which comprises species parasitic in red blood cells and transmitted by ticks.
[1895W. H. Patton in Amer. Naturalist XXIX. 498 The name of the southern or splenic cattle-fever parasite.—The generic name [sc. Pyrosoma] given by Drs. Smith and Kilborne, having been previously used in Zoology, must be dropped. I propose the name Piroplasma to replace it. ]1901Vet. Jrnl. IV. 50 A strange fact, showing that the form of the parasite varies in its stages of evolution, was that almost all the piroplasms were pear-shaped and bigeminate. 1908Practitioner Feb. 228 Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever. Ricketts has re-investigated this disease, in which..Wilson and Chowning claimed to have discovered piroplasmata, and to have shown that it is transmitted by a tick. 1934T. W. M. Cameron Internal Parasites of Domestic Animals ii. 45 All the piroplasms are tick-carried and consequently the main lines of prevention consist in tick eradication. 1949C. A. Hoare Handbk. Med. Protozool. iii. 37 A piroplasm of the genus Theileria is the cause of East Coast fever... Other forms of piroplasmosis in cattle are caused by species of the genus Babesia. 1974O. W. Olsen Animal Parasites (ed. 3) ii. 164/1 Upon entering the erythrocytes, they [sc. the parasites] retain their same general appearance and are generally known as piroplasms.
Hence ˌpiroplasˈmosis, any of a group of diseases of mammals, esp. red-water of cattle, caused by infestation of the blood with piroplasms.
1901Vet. Jrnl. IV. 49 (heading) Canine piroplasmosis. 1903Jrnl. Compar. Path. & Therapeutics XVI. 312 (heading) Pyroplasmosis of the donkey. 1948U. F. Richardson Vet. Protozool. iv. 81 As a rule piroplasmoses occur as enzootic diseases in which young animals contract symptomless infections and recover. 1949[see above]. 1955[see east D. 1 b]. 1960Farmer & Stockbreeder 15 Mar. 131/1 Ticks are the carriers of the organisms which when they are inoculated into the blood, attack the red cells and cause them to break down and it is the colouring matter of these cells that gives colour to the urine, and to the disease known as redwater or bovine piroplasmosis. 1974Nature 13 Dec. 532/2 Vaccination against cattle lungworm, canine hookworm and certain kinds of piroplasmosis has been achieved but the vaccines used, irradiated larvae or infected blood, are unacceptable in the field of human medicine. |