| 释义 |
orthoptic, a. and n.|ɔːˈθɒptɪk|
[f. ortho- ‘straight’ + Gr. ὀπτικ-ός of or pertaining to sight.]
A. adj.
1. Fire-arms. Designating an ‘orthoptic’ (see B 1).
1882Pall Mall G. 15 July 8/2 These competitors were using the orthoptic eye-glasses about which there has recently been so much discussion.
2. Math. orthoptic locus: the locus of intersection of tangents to any curve at right angles to each other.
1882in Athenæum 17 June 769/1 ‘Theory of Orthoptic Loci’, by Rev. Dr. Taylor. 1886C. Taylor Order of Orthoptic Loci in Messenger of Math. XVI. 1 The locus..may be called its Orthoptic Locus, since at every point thereof the curve subtends or is seen under a right angle.
3. Employing the principles of orthoptics; of or pertaining to orthoptics.
1886C. M. Culver tr. Landolt's Refraction & Accomm. of Eye v. 407 We may hope to effect a cure of the strabismus by means of orthoptic treatment, with the aid of stereoscopic exercise. 1892Syd. Soc. Lex., Orthoptic training, a mode of correcting monocular vision produced by strabismus, or other defect, by ocular exercises. 1907J. H. Parsons Dis. Eye xxviii. 559 If there is any evidence of some degree of binocular vision it may be advisable to attempt to cultivate this by orthoptic treatment. 1932Brit. Med. Jrnl. 14 May 918/2 The Royal Westminster Ophthalmic Hospital established an orthoptic department..in January, 1930. 1968Katzin & Wilson Strabismus in Childhood viii. 65 In most patients with crossed eyes orthoptic exercises play a prominent role in treatment.
B. n.
1. An opaque disk perforated with three small holes, through one of which the rifleman looks in taking aim.
1881Standard 11 July 3/5 Some disgust has been created amongst the Snider men by a regulation which is to come into force this year prohibiting the use of the ‘orthoptic’. 1882Pall Mall G. 15 July 8/2 The advantage derived from the use of the orthoptics is that the eyesight is concentrated, and the sights on a rifle or gun are defined with great clearness. 1890Daily News 27 Jan. 2/5 The use of orthoptics will be forbidden in all competitions in which uniform is ordered to be worn.
2. orthoptics (const. as sing.). The treatment (esp. by means of eye exercises) of defects in the action of the eye muscles, esp. those causing defective binocular vision.
1934Brit. Jrnl. Ophthalm. XVIII. 429 The first examination in Orthoptics to be held in London will take place on July 3rd and 4th, at the Royal Westminster Ophthalmic Hospital. 1957New Scientist 9 May 38/2 Many opticians nowadays have specialised in orthoptics..and it is now included in the training of all ophthalmic students. 1957A. Huxley Let. 12 Jan. (1969) 815 Optometrists..are steadily adopting more and more the Batesian procedures into their system of ‘orthoptics’. 1963[see orthoptically below].
Hence orˈthoptically adv., by means of or with regard to orthoptics. Also orˈthoptist, one who practises orthoptics.
1937Lyle & Jackson Pract. Orthoptics in Treatment of Squint i. 3 The orthoptist must remember that most squinting children who are old enough to have experienced the taunts of their schoolfellows suffer considerably from self-consciousness and inferiority. 1945Brit. Jrnl. Ophthalm. XXIX. 420 (heading) An analysis of one hundred cases of strabismus treated orthoptically. 1963Arch. Ophthalm. LXX. 117/1, 177 cases of accommodative strabismus..had been discharged as orthoptically satisfactory after treatment with glasses or miotics alone, or in combination with orthoptics and surgery. 1969H. A. Knoll in R. Kingslake Appl. Optics V. x. 282 The orthoptist is trained to diagnose and treat by nonmedical means binocular muscle anomalies. 1972Daily Tel. (Colour Suppl.) 28 Apr. 10/1 On the staff at Ryegate..are a physiotherapist, an occupational therapist, an orthoptist (a therapist for the eyes), [etc.]. |