| 释义 |
▪ I. nor, conj.1|nɔː(r)|
[probably a contraction of nother, like the equivalent OFris. noer for noder.]
A negative conjunction employed as follows:—
I.
1. a. Continuing the force of a negative (as not, never, etc.) attached to some word in the preceding clause, and extending it to the corresponding word which follows.
13..Cursor M. 7361 (Gött.), I here noght of þat iesse tel, Nor his sonis ne him i knaw. a1400–50Alexander 316 Þis myȝty god..is of a medill age, Noȝt of ȝouth nor of eld nor ȝerris to many. c1440Alph. Tales 6, I may not eate your benys nor your cale. c1460Fortescue Abs. & Lim. Mon. xiv. (1885) 144 The kynge shalnot be greved be importunite of suytours, nor thai shall..optayne any vnresonable desires. 1538Starkey England i. iv. 126 Wherfor to pyl theyr cuntreys for thys purpos, ys not just nor resonabul. 1590Spenser F.Q. i. iii. 11 She could not heare, nor speake, nor understand. 1622Wither Philarete (1633) 617 No others high degree, Nor beauteous looke shall change me. 1688Holme Armoury iii. 251/2 It is said of the French that they Speak not as they Write, nor Write as they Speak. 1740Richardson Pamela I. xxv. 30 Is there no Constable nor Headborough, tho', to take me out of his House? 1766Goldsm. Vic. W. i, We had no revolutions to fear, nor fatigues to undergo. 1821Scott Pirate Adv., The inhabitants..not possessing arms nor means of resistance. 1870Gladstone Glean. (1879) IV. 252 Not a vessel, nor a gun, nor a man, were on the ground to prevent their landing.
†b. Followed by another negative. Obs.
13..Cursor M. 6788 (Gött.), [To] wydw, na child fadirless, Do ȝe na wrang nor na maless. c1400Apol. Loll. 1, I haue not ben, nor is, nor neuer schal,..to sei any þing aȝen þe general feiþ. c1440Alph. Tales 6, I may not eate your benys.., nor I may not drynk your thyn ale. 1509Fisher Funeral Serm. C'tess Richmond Wks. (1876) 298 It is not loked for.., nor none abydynge stroke..falleth vpon them. 1568Grafton Chron. II. 130 No man was called to aunswere, nor no question put vnto any person by the sayd enquest. 1598R. Grenewey Tacitus, Ann. xiii. iv. (1622) 183 He could lay no iust cause against him, nor openly durst not commaund the murdering of his brother. 1668Marvell Corr. Wks. (Grosart) II. 263 Wise..he saith hath not yet bin with him, nor dares not. 1739Chesterfield Lett. xxv. (1792) I. 92 It requires no rhymes nor no certain number of feet or syllables. a1774Goldsm. Hist. Greece I. 224 No skill could obviate, nor no remedy dispel the terrible infection.
†c. Following upon as{ddd}so. Obs. rare.
1548Udall, etc. Erasm. Par. Acts 29 b, Lyke as the Israelites perceyued not this in Iesus, euen so nor than dyd they vnderstande that in Moyses. 1657R. Mossom Preacher's Tripartite i. 17 As I look not upon my merit, so nor do thou look upon my demerit.
2. a. As correlative to a preceding neither, nother, or nouther. (For examples see these words.)
b. Introducing both alternatives. Chiefly poet.
1576Gascoigne Steele Gl. (Arb.) 59 How many pore (which nede nor brake nor bit) Might therwith al..be fedde. 1591Shakes. Two Gent. v. iv. 80 Who by Repentance is not satisfied, Is nor of heauen, nor earth. 1615Day Festivals xii. 338 Nor Papists with their Miracles, nor Puritans with their Presbytery, shall ever put life into it againe. 1654–66Earl of Orrery Parthen. (1676) 9 Nor my weakness, nor my tongue..shall ever confess you have any advantage over me. 1697Dryden Virg. Georg. iii. 393 Nor Bits nor Bridles can his Rage restrain. 1725Pope Odyss. xv. 478 Now let our compact made Be nor by signal nor by word betray'd. 1798Coleridge Anc. Mar. i. xiv, Nor shapes of men nor beasts we ken. 1807J. Barlow Columb. iii. 349 But we nor fear his frown, nor trust his smile. 1839–52Bailey Festus 410 Perfection To imperfection leaves nor choice nor mean.
3. With omission of neither.
a. With preceding or following negative.
a1400–50Alexander 46 Þer preued neuer nane his prik for passing of witt, Plato nor Piktagaras. 1484Caxton Fables of æsop v. xii, Certaynly I nor none other canne give the Jugement. a1586Sidney Arcadia (1613) 41 She concealed her sorrow, nor cause of her sorrow, from no body. 1791Mrs. Radcliffe Rom. Forest x, Your father nor nobody else has ever sent after you.
b. Without other negative expressed.
a1548Hall Chron., Hen. VIII 144 [He] would sende them no woorde of his affaires,..for he ought their master, nor yet them suche service. 1594Marlowe & Nashe Dido v. ii, Though thou nor he will pity me a whit. 1621Lady M. Wroth Urania 532 The most ignorant proud woman liuing, caring for, nor respecting any but her selfe and hers. 1649Lovelace Poems 64 Yet Servants knowing Minikin nor Base, Are still allow'd to fiddle with the Case. c1750Shenstone Elegy iii. 6 Pageant nor plume distinguish Alcon's bier. 1813Byron Br. Abydos i. xii, A heart his words nor deeds can daunt. 1827Jarman Powell's Devises II. 229 It was his will that they, nor either of them, should take any thing under his will. 1872Tennyson Last Tourn. 203 Great brother, thou nor I have made the world.
†4. = or. Obs. rare.
c1489Caxton Blanchardyn viii. 32 Blanchardyn..was moche abasshed how nor by what manere he sholde mowe passe hit ouer. 1615Wadsworth in Bedell Lett. (1624) 7 It could neuer sinke into my braine how..members sound nor vnsound [could be] participant each of other.
5. Following upon an affirmative clause, or in continuative narration, with the force of neither or and{ddd}not.
1523Ld. Berners Froiss. I. cxxxv. 162, I greatly desyre to se the kynge my maister, nor I wyll lye but one nyght in a place, tyll I come there. a1578Lindesay (Pitscottie) Chron. Scot. (S.T.S.) I. 26 To mak hir purgatione that scho was frie of all misrewlle..nor gave na counsall thairto. 1631May tr. Barclay's Mirr. Mindes i. 39 The whole coast is most sweetly verdant,..nor hardly, is there ground any where more abundantly fruitfull. 1667Milton P.L. iii. 626 A golden tiar Circl'd his Head, nor less his Locks behind..Lay waving round. 1697Dryden Virg. Georg. iii. 161 His Age and Courage weigh: Nor those alone. 1738Johnson London 260 Then shall thy friend, nor thou refuse his aid,..forsake his Cambrian shade. 1788Trifler No. 22. 291 The little creature cried and laid down, nor could all our beating raise it. 1821Byron Heaven & Earth iii. 673 Away! nor weep! 1871R. Ellis tr. Catullus lxi. 205 Come nor tarry to greet her. 1875Jowett Plato (ed. 2) I. 423 Nor among the friends of Socrates must the jailer be forgotten.
II.
6. As n. or adj. Computers. (Written in capitals.) A Boolean function of two or more variables that has the value unity if all the variables are zero and is otherwise zero; ‘neither..nor..’. Usu. attrib.
1957Trans. Amer. Inst. Electr. Engin. LXXVI. i. 263/1 The transistor nor circuit was introduced because of the desire to have a single logic element which would combine well in logic configurations with a minimum concern for matching and element loading. A nor element has a signal output only if there are no input signals. Ibid., P-n-p and n-p-n transistor nor circuits..cannot be readily intermixed. 1958[see NAND]. 1969J. J. Sparkes Transistor Switching iv. 96 For NOR gates the Boolean expression is first reduced to its simplest form containing the product of sums. 1971J. H. Smith Digital Logic iv. 42 The NOR function is used extensively, especially in resistor–transistor logic systems. 1972IEEE Trans. Computers XXI. 153/1 Optimal networks consisting of NOR–OR gates (each gate produces the NOR and/or the OR of its inputs) are tabulated for all Boolean functions of three variables.
▪ II. nor, conj.2 Sc. and dial.
[Of obscure origin: cf. na conj.2]
Than.
c1400Sc. Troy-bk. (Horstm.) ii. 2402 Pirrus was of þat thing richt wo And mor of his grantschire in deid Nor of hime self. c1475Rauf Coilȝear 546, I neid nane airar myne erand nor none of the day. 1508Dunbar Flyting 133 Thow..beggis mair beir and aitis Nor ony cripill in Karrik land. 1558Kennedy Compend. Treat. in Wodrow Soc. Misc. (1844) 151 Ar nocht thaye quha sulde gyde the peple mair ignorante nor the simple pepyll self? 1573Tyrie Refut. in Cath. Tract. (S.T.S.) 15 He apperis mair wicked nor Sathan him self. 1637Rutherford Lett. (1862) I. cxliv. 342 So then I see that Christ can triumph in a weaker man nor I. a1658Durham Comm. Revelation (1660) i. 5 His Kingly Office extendeth no further nor his Priestly and Prophetical Office. 1792Burns My Tocher's the Jewel ii, Ye'll crack your credit wi' mae nor me. 1840Thackeray Catherine iv, You're no better nor a common tramper. 1859Geo. Eliot A. Bede xxx, I know better nor you. 1883W. Black Shandon Bells xxxii, There'll be more grey nor red in my beard by that time.
▪ III. † nor, conj.3 Sc. Obs.
[Cf. prec. and na adv.1]
a. In imprecations: = may.
b. If..not.
1500–20Dunbar Poems xxxiv. 32 Nor I be hangit be the nek. Ibid. 77 God..Nor ane stark widdy gar me gaip. 1552Lyndesay Monarche 5039 It maruellis me, He, haueand sic prosperite,..Nor he had infynite plesoure.
▪ IV. nor, a. Organic Chem.|nɔː(r)|
[f. prec.]
Applied to compounds or groups of compounds conventionally named by adding the prefix nor- to the name of a parent compound, esp. with a prefixed numeral indicating the methyl group lacking or a prefixed capital letter indicating the ring which is contracted as compared with the parent compound.
1940Chem. Abstr. XXXIV. 5455 Diminution from a 6-ring to a 5-ring by loss of C atoms..in rings A, B and C gives rise to the corresponding A-nor, B-nor and C-nor compds. 1946Jrnl. Biol. Chem. CLXII. 589 The nor, bisnor, and etio homologues of 3,11-dihydroxy-12-ketocholanic acid have been prepared. 1954Jrnl. Amer. Chem. Soc. LXXVI. 4092/2 The efficacy of this 19-nor analog..in human females has been established. 1972Adv. Steroid Biochem. & Pharmacol. III. 93 Two of the 19-nor steroids, norgestrel and allylestrenol, appear to show differences from norethisterone and lynestrenol. |