| 释义 |
‖ Mikado|mɪˈkɑːdəʊ|
Also 8–9 Mikaddo.
[Japanese mi august + kado door: for the sense cf. ‘Sublime Porte’.]
1. The title of the emperor of Japan.
It was usual for European writers to describe the Mikado as a ‘spiritual’ emperor, and the Shogun (who was the de facto ruler until 1867) as a second or ‘temporal’ emperor.
1727Scheuchzer tr. Kæmpfer's Japan iii. ii. I. 211 In Spiritual Affairs, they are under the absolute jurisdiction of the Mikaddo. Ibid. 212 The Secular Monarch professes the religion of his forefathers, and pays his respect and duty once a year to the Mikaddo. 1845Encyl. Metrop. XX. 476/1 Their Spiritual ruler is the Mikaddo, i.e. Sublime Porte, a term commonly used to express the Daïri himself as well as his Court. 1875W. E. Griffis in N. Amer. Rev. CXX. 282 The restoration of the mikado, or true emperor [of Japan] to his ancient and rightful supreme power. 1890B. H. Chamberlain Things Japanese 155 Japan.., though..avowedly ruled by the Shōguns from a.d. 1190 to 1867, always retained the Mikado as theoretical head of the state.
2. Mikado pheasant, a pheasant native to the island of Formosa, Syrmaticus mikado, first described in 1906 from specimens in the Mikado's collection in Tokyo.
[1906W. R. Ogilvie-Grant in Bull. Brit. Ornith. Club XVI. 123 Among the Mikado's collection of live animals and birds, at Tokio, there are said to be a pair of Pheasants from Formosa belonging to an undescribed species.] 1922C. W. Beebe Monogr. Pheasants III. 200 In appearance,..the Mikado Pheasant resembles the tragopans and impeyans, being heavy bodied and rather thick-necked. Ibid. 201 Several healthy hybrids with the Elliot pheasant{ddd}strongly resemble the female Mikado. 1965P. Wayre Wind in Reeds xv. 211 The beautiful Mikado Pheasant, of which the male is a deep bluish purple with red wattles and a purple and white barred tail,..found only on..Taiwan. Ibid. 212 There the Mikado inhabits the bamboo and juniper thickets..above five thousand feet. 1972Shooting Times & Country Mag. 1 July 19/1 Next on the list for rehabilitation in Formosa (Taiwan to most, these days) is the Mikado pheasant. The Trust is breeding this bird and hopes soon to have enough for a further transplant.
Hence Miˈkadoate, the office of Mikado.
1899F. V. Dickins in Eng. Hist. Rev. Apr. 229 The mikadoate of old Japan entered upon its final stage. |