| 释义 |
▪ I. ‖ li1|liː|
Also 6 lii, 9 le(e.
[Chinese.]
The ordinary Chinese itinerary measure (see quot. 1886).
1588Parke tr. Mendoza's Hist. China i. vi. 12 The Chino's haue amongst them, but only three kind of measures: the which in their language are called Lii, Pu, and Icham, which is as much as to say, or in effect, as a forlong, league, or iorney. 1827H. E. Lloyd tr. Timkowski's Trav. I. 65 The Chinese li contains two hundred and eighty-five Russian fathoms. 1884G. Williamson Old Highw. China 209 At a small town forty li from Peking we spent the night. 1886Yule & Burnell s.v. Lee, According to Mr. Giles, 274/5 li = 10 miles... From several concurrent statements we may conclude that often the li is generalised so that a certain number of li, generally 100, stand for a day's march.
▪ II. ‖ li2|liː|
Also 8 lai, 9 le.
[Chinese.]
A Chinese weight, one-thousandth part of a liang.
(A li of silver is equivalent to the copper coin called by Europeans a cash.)
1771J. R. Forster tr. Osbeck's Voy. I. 262 Kas, which the Chinese call Lai, is the only current coin which is struck in China. 1858Simmonds Dict. Trade, Li, another name for the Chinese copper cash.
▪ III. ‖ li3|liː|
[Chinese.]
(See quots.)
1912J. J. M. de Groot Relig. of Chinese iv. 95 The original li and teh, the only classical rules and ethics which keep man..in perfect harmony with the order of the universe. 1937D. Bodde tr. Fung Yu-Lan's Hist. Chinese Philos. iv. 46 The ‘Rites’ (Li) were used in diplomatic relations. 1942D. D. Runes Dict. Philos. 168/1 Li, reason; law; the rational principle. This is the basic concept of modern Chinese philosophy. To the Neo-Confucians.., Reason is the rational principle of existence whereas the vital force (ch'i) is the material principle. 1953Oxf. Jun. Encycl. V. 101/1 The word li used by Confucius, which is often translated by the English word ‘religion’, really means something more like ceremonial or ritual, the correct observance of which is needed for maintaining friendly relations with the Power or Powers of the unseen world. 1955A. Fang in E. Pound Classic Anthol. p. xvi, Read in that context, Confucius must be understood as trying to integrate music with rites (li), just as he tried to integrate poetry with music. 1962A. F. Wright in Wright & Twitchett Confucian Personalities 7 The li, spread by fathers, village elders, and government officials, and supplemented by the discipline of ordered family life, would in turn foster social virtues: filial submission, brotherliness, righteousness, good faith, and loyalty.
▪ IV. ‖ li, n.4|liː|
[Chinese lì.]
An ancient Chinese cooking vessel of bronze or pottery with usu. three hollow legs.
1945W. B. Honey Ceramic Art China ii. 26 The well-known tripod cooking-vessel after the bronze li. 1958W. Willetts Chinese Art I. i. 19 That curious emblem of Chinese culture, the li tripod. 1965T. R. Tregear Geogr. China ii. 47 The li, a very efficient tripod cooking vessel with hollow legs, shaped rather like a goat's udders, sometimes large enough to cook, say, a goose in one leg, an antelope in another and vegetables in a third. 1977G. Clark World Prehist. (ed. 3) vii. 299 Classical Lungshan ware..included a series of novel forms. These included cooking vessels with solid feet (ting), cauldrons with hollow feet (li), sometimes with necks, spouts and handles (kuei).
▪ V. li
obs. abbrev. L. libra pound, libræ pounds.
c1450ME. Med. Bk. (Heinrich) 82 Take iij lī [sic] of rosyn, and .i. lī of wax. c1489Caxton Sonnes of Aymon xiv. 322 Here is xx. li of money. 1521Pilton Churchw. Acc. (Som. Rec. Soc.) 74 For a li and a q. wexe. 1634R. Verney Let. J. Dillon in Forster Gr. Remonstr. (1860) 256 He was fined in foure thousand pounds by some, by others in 5,000li, in 6,000li, in 10,000li. |