| 释义 |
▪ I. jouk, jook, n.1 Sc.|dʒuk|
Forms: 6 iouk, iowk, iuike, 8– jouk, jook.
[f. jouk v.2]
1. A sudden elusive movement; a quick turn out of the way; fig. a ‘dodge’. to give (a person) the jouk: to give the slip, to elude, escape from.
1513Douglas æneis xi. xiii. 101 With mony a curs [= course] and iowk, abowt, abowt, Quhair euir he fled scho followis in and owt. 1583Leg. Bp. St. Androis 964 To George Durrie he played a iuike, That will not be foryet this oulke. 1871C. Gibbon Lack of Gold xxix, He has given the lass the jouk.
2. A bow or curtsy, a jerked obeisance.
1567Gude & Godlie B. (S.T.S.) 193 For all ȝour Joukis and ȝour noddis, ȝour hartis is hard as ony stone. 1768Ross Helenore (1866) 202 She..hailst her with a jouk. Ibid. 239 The honest shepherd..wondering at the kindness, gae a jook.
3. A place into which one may dart for shelter; a shelter from a blow, a storm, etc. Mod. Sc.
1808–18in Jamieson.
▪ II. † jouk, n.2 Obs.
In 7 iuke.
[a. OF. joc, jouc, juc, roosting of a fowl, from jokier, jouquier (see next).]
The state of roosting; at juke, at roost. (OF. au jouc.)
1626Breton Fantasticks, Twelue of the Clocke F ij b, The Beasts of the field take rest after their feed, and the Birds of the Ayre are at Iuke in the Bushes.
▪ III. † jouk, v.1 Obs.
Forms: 4–5 iouke, ioyke, 4–6 iowke, 5–6 ioke, 6 ieouke, 7 jouk, juke, jook.
[a. OF. jok-ier, joqu-ier, jouq-ier (3 sing. pr. joke, jouque) to be at roost, at rest, to lie down, mod.F. jucher, Walloon joukî, Namur joker. Ulterior derivation unknown.]
1. intr. Of birds:
a. To perch, sit (upon branches).
b. Falconry. To roost, to sleep upon its perch.
a1400Pistel of Susan 82 Þe Briddes..On peren and pynappel, þei ioyken in pees. 1486Bk. St. Albans A v (1496 a iij) The kyndeli termis that belong to hawkis... The .v. youre hauke Ioukith [Rel. Ant. I. 296 joketh], and not slepith. Ibid. C viij (1496 c iij) She Ioykith when she slepith. 1575Turberv. Faulconrie 121 Make her jeouke all nyght in payne and in a moyste or colde place, and so shall she watch moste of the nyght. c1575Perf. Bk. Sparhawkes (ed. Harting) 32 Or elles sodenly awake her from jokin. 1672Skinner, To juke or jug as birds doe, se in pertica ad dormiendum componere. 1886Harting Gloss. Perf. Bk. Sparhawkes 44 Jokin, sleeping: now obsolete.
2. intr. To lie asleep or at rest; to lie close, lie, (?) to lurk; also, more vaguely, To abide, remain.
13..E.E. Allit. P. C. 182 Ionas þe Iwe..Iowked in derne. c1374Chaucer Troylus v. 409 For certes it noon honour is to the To wepe and in þi bed to Iowken þus. 1377Langl. P. Pl. B. xvi. 92 And þanne spakke spiritus sanctus in Gabrieles mouthe To a mayde þat hiȝte Marye..þat one Ihesus a iustice sone moste iouke in her chambre, Tyl plenitudo temporis. c1400Sege Jerus. (E.E.T.S.) 300 Schal neuer kyng of ȝour kynde with croune be ynoyntid, Ne Jewe for Jesu sake [i]ouke in ȝou more. a1400–50Alexander 4202 And saue þe Iolite of Iuly þai Iowke in þa strandis.
¶b. pseudo-arch. To doze.
a1652Brome Eng. Moor iii. ii. Wks. 1873 II. 44 Buz. Hey ho. I am very sleepy. Nat. See he jooks already.
▪ IV. jouk, jook, v.2 Sc. and north.|dʒuk|
Forms: 6 iouk, iouck, iuke, iowk, 7 jowk, 8 juck, jeuk, 8–9 jook, 9 juik. 7– jouk.
[A Scottish word of uncertain origin.
It has been compared with duck v., senses 2, 4 of which coincide with senses 1, 4 of this; and it is noteworthy that the n. duck is in many parts of Scotl. Jook or jouk; but this seems an inadequate explanation, since the n. is in other parts |dʏk| or |døk|, and the vb. to duck (in water) is generally |duk|: see duck v. The forms coincide to some extent with those of jouk v.1 (which is not Sc.), but the sense seems to be essentially distinct, coinciding to some extent with that of jink v.1]
1. intr. To bend or turn the body with a quick adroit movement downward or to one side, in order to avoid a missile or blow; to dodge; to duck.
1513Douglas æneis x. ix. 39 And jowkit in vnder the speyr has he. 1535Stewart Cron. Scot. 4530 It is oure lait to juke quhen that the heid Is fra the hals. 1721Kelly Scot. Prov. i. 92 Juck, and let a Jaw go o'er you. 1785Burns To Jas. Smith xxv, I jouk beneath Misfortune's blows As weel's I may. 1820Scott Abbot xvi, But we must jouk and let the jaw gang by. 1888Barrie Auld Licht Idylls (1892) 146 The grey old man would wince, as if ‘joukin’ from a blow.
b. transf. and fig. To swerve for a moment.
1513Douglas æneis viii. iv. 120 This rolk..Hercules it smyttis wyth a mychty touk Apon the richt half, for to mak it jouk. 1573Davidson Commend. Vprichtnes 152 in Satir. P. Ref. xl, He..did not iouk ane ioit from vprichtnes.
2. intr. By extension: To dart or spring with an adroit elusive movement out of the way or out of sight; to hide oneself by such action; to skulk.
a1510Douglas Conscience 21 For Sciens baith and faythfull Consciens Sa corruptit ar with this warldis gude, That falset ioukis in everie clerkis hude. 1560Rolland Crt. Venus i. 55, I Iowkit than but dout quhen I thame sa v, Behind the Bus, Lord bot I liggit law! 1637Rutherford Lett. (1862) I. 439, I think it manhood to play the coward and jouk in the leeside of Christ. 1780–1808Mayne Siller Gun iii, As he strack, The supple tailor skips and springs—Aye jouking back. c1790Burns Past. Poetry vi, Come forrit, honest Allan! Thou need na jouk behint the hallan. 1886Stevenson Kidnapped (1888) 165 Jouk in here among the trees.
b. fig. To dart in and out (of sight).
a1810Tannahill Poems, Gloomy winter's now awa', 'Neath the brae the burnie jouks. 1894Crockett Raiders (ed. 3) 155 The reed lowe jookin' through the bars.
3. trans. To evade, elude, ‘dodge’, by ducking, bending, or springing aside.
1812Ranken Poems 36 Fain wad he the bargain jeuket, But his honour was at stake. 1894Crockett Raiders (ed. 3) 165 Ye micht possibly hae juiked the blunderbush. Mod. Sc. Every sodger at first tries to jouk the bullets.
4. intr. To bend the body adroitly (without any notion of dodging).
†a. To bend oneself supply as a tumbler or acrobat. Obs.
c1450Holland Howlat 789 Thus iowkit with iuperdyss the iangland Ia.
b. To bow in salutation or obeisance; esp. to make a quick jerky bow: cf. jerk v.1 4.
1567Ps. lxxxiii. in Gude & Godlie B. (S.T.S.) 105 Quhilk can not do, bot drink, sing, Iouk and beck. 1686G. Stuart Joco-ser. Disc. 13, I jowkt to her, she baikt to me. 1728Ramsay Step-daughter's Relief vii, Sax servants shall jouk to thee. 1795Burns Heron Ballads i. iv, But why should we to nobles jouk?
c. fig. To cringe, fawn; to dissemble.
1573Davidson Commend. Vprichtnes Prol. in Satir. Poems Reform. 276 That our watche men faint not, nor begin to iouk or flatter with the world for feir of Tyrannis. 1821Galt Ayrsh. Legatees Let. xxxii. 274, I saw no symptoms of the swelled legs that Lord Lauderdale, that jooking man, spoke about.
Hence ˈjouker, one who jouks.
1573Davidson Death Knox 34 in Satir. Poems Reform. xli, Thair ioukers durst not kyith thair cure, For fear of Fasting in the Fratour.
▪ V. jouk(e
obs. form of juck.
▪ VI. jouk
var. juke n. |