| 释义 |
▪ I. † grede, n. Obs.
Forms: 3 grade, gred.
[f. grede v. Cf. i-grede.]
A cry; outcry; noise.
c1250Gen. & Ex. 3230 On moysen he setten a gred. ‘Beð nu stille’, quað moyses. Ibid. 3717 Ðis folc ðo sette up grot and gred. 13..K. Alis. 5204 Michel was the pleynt and the grade That the folk hadden y-made. Ibid. 5470 Hy [olyfauntz] ne haue so mychel drade, Of nothing as of hogges grade.
▪ II. † grede, v. Obs.
Forms: 1 grǽdan, (3rd pers. pres. ind. grǽt), 2–3 greden, 3–4 (3rd pers. pres. ind. gret) gred, 3–5 grede, (3 greade, 4 graden, gredyn, graide, 5 greede). pa. tense 3–4 gradde, gredde, (3 grædde, 5 grad). pa. pple. 3–4 igrad, 4 ygrad, ygred.
[OE. grǽdan, of unknown origin; the resemblance in sound and sense with grǽtan greet v.2 is remarkable; in the 3rd pers. sing. pres. grǽt the two vbs. coincide.]
1. intr. To cry, cry out, shout; to wail.
c1000Sax. Leechd. II. 182 Hine mon sceal swiðe hlude hatan grædan oððe singan. c1205Lay 8634 Al þæt folc þe he lædde, lude hit grædde [c 1275 gradde]. a1240Ureisun in Cott. Hom. 199 Biuoren þine uote ich wulle liggen and greden. 1297R. Glouc. (Rolls) 9781 Loude gradde þe luþer kniȝt smiteþ alle to grounde. 13..K. Alis. 2751 They of Thebes can graden, And for him gret deol maden. c1330Florice & Bl. (1857) 449 The maid al for drede Bigan to schricken an to grede. 1340Ayenb. 56 Þe maȝe gret and zayþ [etc.]. c1425Eng. Conq. Irel. i. 4 Sho grad and cried as thogh he nam hir agaynes hir will. c1450Cov. Myst. (Shaks. Soc.) 361, I must nedys sore wepe and grede.
b. Said of birds; of the cock: To crow; etc.
c897K. ælfred Gregory's Past. lxiii. 459 Ðonne græt se lareow swa swa kok on niht. a1000Riddles xxv. 3 (Gr.) Ic..græde swa gos. a1250Owl & Night. 1149 Hwane þu havest a niht igrad, Men beoþ of þe wel sore ofdrad. c1380Sir Ferumb. 2804 Þow schalt him haue to-morwe or niȝt, þat þe cok hym graide. 1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. xii. Introd. (Tollem.MS.), Yf a crane leseþ his felawschipe he fleþ vp ful hyȝe and gredeþ and cryeþ.
c. with cognate obj. To utter (a cry), sing (a song).
13..K. Alis. 2771 Mony foul crye was y-grad. 1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) I. 237 At nyȝt for drede Truly no song doþ he grede.
d. with quoted words, in direct or indirect speech.
c1250Gen. & Ex. 3585 Ðo gredde he lude, ‘goð me to, Alle ðe god luuen so’. c1250Kent. Serm. in O.E. Misc. 33 Grede we to him Merci and sigge we him lord sauue us. 1297R. Glouc. (Rolls) 2665 He bigan to grede anon Nimeþ ȝoure sexes. 13..Life Jesu (Horstm.) 628 Men gradden aboute þat þe spouse cam anon. c1330King of Tars 610 On Tirmagaunt he gon to grede..‘Fy on ow everichon!’ 1400–10Clanvowe Cuckow & Night. xxvii, For that skil ‘ocy! ocy!’ I grede. 1480Caxton Chron. Eng. cxcvii, The vileyns..grad on high, yelde yow, traytours, yelde yow.
2. With prepositions: To cry or call after, on, upon, to, till (a person), after, upon (a thing).
a1225Ancr. R. 244 Þe oðer deouel..gredde lude to Seinte Bartholomeu. Ibid. 284 Ȝif eni is þet naueð nout þe heorte þus afeited..grede on ure Louerd. Ibid. 330 Mid þus onwille halsunge, [she] weopeð & gret efter sume helpe. 1297R. Glouc. (Rolls) 1885 Deserites bigonne alle on him grede. c1300Havelok 2703 He cam driuende up-on a stede, And bigan til him to grede. 13..Guy Warw. (A.) 3337 After Gij loude he gradde þo. 1340Ayenb. 212 Þeruore ssolle we ofte grede to god þet he ous loki uram þo þieues. 1390Gower Conf. I. 336 She with him no reste hadde For ever upon her love he gradde. 1393Langl. P. Pl. C. x. 76 Gurles, that greden after fode. 14..Ps. li. in Pol. Rel. & L. Poems 251 Aftur gostliche grace I grede. 1480Caxton Chron. Eng. cxcvii. 175 Sir Andrew ageyne grad vpon Syr thomas companye yolling as a wode wolf.
3. To announce with a loud voice; to proclaim, publish; to proclaim (a person) to be (something).
c1305St. Dunstan 101 in E.E.P. (1862) 37 He drof him out of Engelond: and let him grede fleme. 13..Guy Warw. (A.) 805 A turnament he haþ don grede. c1315Shoreham 71 For erthe the banes y-gred He that the treuthe maketh. Ibid. 122 Wanne..pays [hys] i-grad for hyre love Of angeles in-place. 1460Lybeaus Disc. (Kaluza) 771 For love of his lemman..He haþ do crie and grede; Who so bryngeþ a fairir oon, A gerfaucoun..He schall have to mede.
4. trans. To beg loudly for; to implore.
1340–70Alex. & Dind. 606 Þei scholde hasteli ȝou here..Whan ȝe greden ȝour grace to graunte ȝour wille. 1390Gower Conf. III. 16 Grace he gradde and grace he had.
5. To accuse of (a crime).
a1450Le Morte Arth. 1572 Thou, that hyr of treson gredys.
▪ III. grede
obs. form of greed; var. greade Obs. |