| 释义 |
▪ I. wince, n.1|wɪns|
[f. wince v.1]
An act of wincing.
1. A kick. Now dial.
1612Shelton Quix. i. ii. i. (1620) 66 [The Mule] within two or three winces, ouerthrew him to the ground. 1638J. Taylor (Water P.) Bull, Beare & Horse E 1 b, And as I fell, his hoofe bestow'd a wince, Upon my pate. 1840Thackeray Cox's Diary Jan., Our respective patients gave a wince out.
2. An involuntary shrinking movement (see wince v.1 2).
1865Dickens Mut. Fr. iii. xii, She looked up with a wince. 1891Conan Doyle White Company ix, The villein took the cruel blow without wince or cry.
▪ II. wince, n.2|wɪns|
[Variant of winch n.1 But cf. LG. win(n)s small capstan, Du. wins winch.]
1. = winch n.1 1, 3.
1688Holme Armoury iii. v. 272/1 When the Spinner hath drawn out his Rope Yarn.., then it is taken from the Wheele Spindle, and Wound upon the Wince. 1829Good's Study Med. (ed. 3) IV. 52 The human frame is, hence, a barrel-organ..and life is the music... So long as either the vital or the mechanical instrument is duly wound up by a regular supply of food or of the wince, so long the music will continue. 1837J. Kirkbride Northern Angler 66 The wince of the reel.
2. Dyeing. A reel or roller placed over the division between two vats so that a fabric spread upon it may be let down into one or the other. Also attrib.
1839Ure Dict. Arts 227 After 48 hours suspension [the calico] is to be washed in water at 170° containing some chalk, by the wince apparatus. 1852Abridgm. Specif. Patents, Bleaching, etc. (1859) 374 The fabric may be caused to pass several times round these winces before it leaves the cistern. 1875Knight Dict. Mech. 2777/1 The tanks are wince-pots.
▪ III. wince, v.1|wɪns|
Forms: 3 wynci, 4–5 wynse, (5 wynce, wyncy, 6 wins, 6–7 winze), 6–7 winse, 5– wince.
[a. AF. *wencir or *wencier, = OF. guencir or -ier, dial. variants of guenchir or -ier winch v.1]
1. intr. To kick restlessly from impatience or pain. Now dial.
[c1290: see b.] c1380Wyclif Sel. Wks. III. 231 A horce unrubbed, þat haves a sore back, wynses when he is oght touched or rubbed on his rugge. 1382― 2 Sam. vi. 6 Oza strauȝte out the hoond to the arke of God, and heelde it, for the oxen wynseden, and boweden it. c1386Chaucer Miller's T. 77 Wynsynge she was as is a ioly colt. 1493[H. Parker] Dives & Pauper (W. de W. 1496) x. v. 376/2 Whan he begynneth to wexe proude & wynsynge & kykyng ayenst his mayster. a1550Schole-house Wom. 1014 in Hazl. E.P.P. IV. 145 Rub a scald horse vpon the gall, And he wil bite, wins and went. 1598Florio, Recalcitrare, to kicke or strike or winze with ones heeles againe. 1600J. Pory tr. Leo's Africa ix. 340 They bray out a loude, kicking and wincing with their heeles. 1663Butler Hud. i. ii. 847 The angry Beast..Begun to kick, and fling, and wince. 1717Prior Alma i. 275 Before the child can crawl, He learns to kick, and wince, and sprawl. c1750Johnson in Boswell (1793) I. 236 note, A fly, Sir, may sting a stately horse and make him wince. 1782Wolcot (P. Pindar) Odes iv. Wks. 1812 I. 22 As for poor St. Leger and Prince, Had I their places I should wince, Thus to be gibbeted for weeks on high. 1890Glouc. Gloss., Wincing, used of a horse kicking out behind.
b. In fig. and allusive phr., e.g. to wince against the prick (cf. kick v.1 1 c and prick n. 13); hence gen. to be recalcitrant or impatient.
c1290St. Paul 23 in S. Eng. Leg. 190 To wynci aȝein þe pricke swiþe strong it is þe. 1388Wyclif Acts Prol., Poul.., whom the Lord hadde chosun, that long tyme wynside aȝen the pricke. 1393Langl. P. Pl. C. v. 22 It is þe wone of wil to wynse and to kyke. 1426Lydg. De Guil. Pilgr. 14196 Off verray surquedy and pryde, I smyte and wynse on euery syde. Ibid. 14531 For to wynse and dysobeye, And to tourne A-nother weye. c1449Pecock Repr. ii. xvii. 254 Thouȝ ȝe wolde wyncy and repugne aȝens the clergie. 1560Becon New Catech. Wks. 1564 I. 508 Not to winse, kick & spurn against their sayinges. 1603Shakes. Ham. iii. ii. 255 (Qo. 1) Let the galld iade wince [other edd. winch]. 1642Fuller Holy & Prof. St. ii. ix. 81, I should suspect his preaching had no salt in it, if no gald horse did winse. a1677Barrow Serm. Wks. 1716 III. 65 What boots it to winse and kick against fortune? a1764Lloyd Poet 21 The fancies of our rambling wits, Who wince and kick at all oppression. 1814Cary Dante, Parad. xvii. 124 Let them wince, who have their withers wrung.
†c. transf. To dart from place to place. (rare.)
c1400Laud Troy Bk. 6115 Fro stide to stide aboute he wynces, He slees kynges, dukes, & princes.
2. To start or make an involuntary shrinking movement in consequence of or in order to avoid pain, or when alarmed or suddenly affected.
a1748Watts Improv. Mind ii. v, Perhaps the gamester shrugs and winces, turns and twists the argument every way, but he cannot fairly answer it. 1781Cowper Conversat. 325 Some fretful tempers wince at ev'ry touch. 1831Lytton Godolphin xix, Why, man, you wince at the word ‘marry!’ 1842Tennyson Walking to Mail 63 You should have seen him wince As from a venomous thing. 1890Besant Demoniac vi, In your strong frame already beats the heart of a coward... When I told you this once before, you winced: now you laugh.
▪ IV. wince, v.2 Dyeing.
[f. wince n.2]
trans. To immerse in or pass through a vat by means of a wince. Also absol. Hence wincing vbl. n.2; attrib. in wincing-machine = wince n.2 2.
1839Ure Dict. Arts 224 They are winced for a few minutes in a weak solution of chloride of lime. Ibid. 1300 Wincing-machine, is the English name of the dyer's reel, which he suspends horizontally,..over the edge of his vat. 1875Ure's Dict. Arts, etc. (ed. 7) I. 660 Wince again five times. Ibid., 2 pieces of 30 yards of velvet are put in and winced backwards and forwards five times.
▪ V. wince
obs. form of quince. |