| 释义 |
ducat|ˈdʌkət|
Forms: 4 duket, 5 dokett(e, ducatt(e, 5–6 doket, duckett(e, 5–7 dukat, (6 ducade), 6–7 ducate, duccat(e, duckat(e, 6–8 ducket, 5– ducat.
[a. F. ducat (1395 in Hatz.-Darm.), ad. It. ducato (12th c.), in late L. ducātus duchy, also name of a coin, f. L. dux duke.]
1. a. A gold coin of varying value, formerly in use in most European countries; that current in Holland, Russia, Austria, and Sweden being equivalent to about 9s. 4d. Also applied to a silver coin of Italy, value about 3s. 6d.
Used as the name of a silver coin issued in 1140 by Roger II of Sicily, as Duke of Apulia, bearing the inscription R DX AP, i.e. Rogerus Dux Apuliæ; according to Falcone de Benevento ‘monetam suam introduxit, unam vero, cui Ducatus nomen imposuit’ (Du Cange, s.v.). In 1202, it appears (Pappadopoli, Monete di Venezia, 1893, 81) as the name of a Venetian Silver coin, usually known as the grosso. In 1284, the first gold ducat, also called zecchino d'oro, was struck at Venice under the doge John Dandolo. This coin, worth about 9s., bears on one side figures of St. Mark and the Doge, and on the other a figure of Christ with the legend ‘Sit tibi Christe datus quem tu regis iste ducatus’; this, though it did not originate, may have contributed to spread the name, which was subseq. applied to the gold coins of various European countries.
c1384Chaucer H. Fame iii. 258 As fyne as ducat [v.rr. doket, ducket] in venyse. 1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) VI. 259 A duket þat is worþy half an Englisshe noble. 1477Paston Lett. No. 804 III. 204 In mony he brengyth with hym an hundred thowsand dokets. 1494Fabyan Chron. vi. clix. 148 A dukat is of sondry valuys, but y⊇ leest in value is .iiii.s. iii.d. ob. & the best .iiii.s. vii.d. 1547Boorde Introd. Knowl. xxx. (1870) 199 In golde they [Castilians] haue duccates and doble duccates. 1555Eden Decades 176 The double ducades whiche yowre maiestie haue caused to bee coyned, are disparsed throughowte the hole worlde. 1596Shakes. Merch. V. ii. viii. 15 Two sealed bags of ducats, Of double ducats. a1618Raleigh Rem. (1644) 199 This Ducket currant for three ounces in Barbary, was then worth in England seven shillings and six pence. 1727–51Chambers Cycl. s.v., The chief gold ducats now current, are, the single and double ducats of Venice, Florence, Genoa, Germany, Hungary, Poland, Sweden, Denmark, Flanders, Holland, and Zurich. 1823Crabb Technol. Dict. s.v., The Dutch ducats, which are reckoned the purest gold, are about 9s. 6d. sterling. 1835A. Burnes Trav. Bokhara (ed. 2) III. 363 A Persian ducat now bears the value of nine kurans, or rupees. 1858Carlyle Fredk. Gt. ii. xiv. I. 189 The latest existing representative of the ancient Gold Gulden is the Ducat, worth generally about a Half-sovereign in English.
†b. A money of account in the Venetian republic. Obs.
1611Coryat Crudities 286 Now whereas the Venetian duckat is much spoken of, you must consider that this word duckat doth not signifie any one certaine coyne. But many severall pieces do concurre to make one duckat, namely six livers and two gazets. 1638Roberts Merch. Map of Commerce in Halliw. Shaks. V. 323 At Venice there were two sorts of duccats, the one currant in payment, which may bee valued ster. about 3s. 4d., and the other of banco, which may be valued about 4s., or 4s. 2d.
2. loosely.
a. A piece of money; pl. Money; cash.
1775Sheridan Duenna ii. iv, I shall be entitled to the girl's fortune, without settling a ducat on her. 1853G. J. Whyte-Melville Digby Grand vi. (Farmer) From spendthrift King John downwards, the Christian has ever pocketed the [Jew's] ducats, and abused the donor. 1895Cornh. Mag. Aug. 174 Holmes was likewise out of ducketts.
b. (Also ducket.) A ticket, esp. a railway-ticket or ticket of admission. Cf. docket n.1 7. slang.
1871J. H. Banka State Prison Life 493 Railroad ticket,..ducket. 1874Hotten Slang Dict. 152 Ducket, a ticket of any kind. Generally applied to pawnbroker's duplicates and raffle cards. 1879Macm. Mag. Oct. 501/2 So I took a ducat (ticket) for Sutton in Surrey. 1935Sat. Even. Post 26 Oct. 9/2 I'll slip you a workin'-press ducat. Ibid. 9 Nov. 76/3 It'll sell plenty ducats. Big publicity. 1970Guardian 30 Nov. 8/2 My wife and I had a couple of ducketts to see the Marxes' Broadway musical, ‘Animal Crackers’.
3. ducat gold, fine gold; also applied to gilding of a brilliant colour.
1548Hall Chron., Hen. VIII, 7 The garmentes were powdered with castels, and shefes of arrowes of fyne doket gold. Ibid. 80 b, On their faces visers, and all the berdes were fine wyer of Ducket gold. 1808R. K. Porter Trav. Sk. Russ. & Swed. (1813) I. iv. 29 The spire of this edifice is..gilt with ducat gold. |