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Strandlooper, Strandloper|ˈstræntlʊpə(r)|
Also with lower-case initial. Rarely as two words or with hyphen.
[a. Afrikaans strandloper, f. Du. strand strand n.1 + looper walker: cf. land-loper.]
1. S. Afr. Any of several sand-plovers of the genus Charadrius, found in coastal regions.
1731G. Medley tr. Kolb's Descr. Cape of Good Hope II. 157 The Dutch call this Bird Strand Loper, i.e. Shore-Courser. 1875–84R. B. Sharpe Layard's Birds S. Afr. 662 ægialitis tricollaris (Vieill.)... This pretty little Plover, the Strandlooper of the colonists, is common throughout the colony. [1972Evening Post (Port Elizabeth) 9 Sept. 2 They [sc. ostriches] find the little sandplovers (strandlopertjies) on the farm a nuisance. These little birds dart at them frequently. ]
2. S. Afr.
a. A member of a people, related to the Bushmen and Hottentots, living on the southern shores of S. Africa from prehistoric times until the present millennium.
b. A member of a people, perh. to be identified with the above, found on the Namibian coast.
1838[see Saldanier]. 1846J. Sutherland Mem. Kaffirs, etc. S. Afr. II. 29 For a little tobacco the strandloopers will always fetch firewood for the cooks. 1900Jrnl. Anthropol. Inst. XXX. 47, I have not much to say about the remains of the ‘strand loopers’ or ‘shore walkers’, as they have been called, from their habit of life. 1913Daily News 16 Dec. 9 The Strandlopers lived on the coast before the Dutch went into South Africa. 1919H. H. Johnston Compar. Study Bantu & Semi-Bantu Lang. I. ii. 23 This Strandlooper either co-existed alongside the Bushman or preceded and was followed by this specialized desert negro. 1928C. Dawson Age of Gods i. 11 There is reason to think that this race [sc. Boskop Man] was the ancestor of the modern South African Hottentot and Bushman, for the remains of an intermediate type—the vanished race of Strandloopers—has been discovered and all three types agree in certain cranial characteristics. In size of brain, however, there is a steady diminution from the 1,700 c.c. or more of Boskop through the Strandlooper skulls. 1948L. G. Green So Few are Free xvi. 216 Some authorities believe that the ‘Strandlopers’, extinct in South Africa, may survive on the Kaokoveld coast. 1951[see river-debris s.v. river n.1 5 d]. 1956Cape Times 27 July 3/5 Three Hottentots of the strandloper race, said to be the last of their kind, attended a gathering of Kaokaoveld Natives addressed by..Dr. Verwoerd..in the north-west of South West Africa. 1975Eastern Province Herald (Port Elizabeth) 4 Aug. 4 A skeleton believed to be that of a Strandloper Hottentot, who was buried in the traditional position with legs drawn up and hands placed across the knees, has been unearthed near Sedgefield, the coastal resort. 1981Sci. Amer. Aug. 92/1 They appeared to fill a niche at the edge of western Europe similar to that of the aboriginal Tasmanians in the Pacific, the Patagonians in sub-polar South America and the Hottentot ‘strandloopers’ of South Africa.
3. Archæol. Usu. pl. Any prehistoric people who were nomadic about coastal areas or inland shores.
1935Proc. Prehistoric Soc. I. 12 The strandloopers who have left the kitchen-middens in Denmark. 1939V. G. Childe Dawn Europ. Civilization (ed. 3) i. 8 Asturian is the term applied to the culture of strandloopers who succeeded the Azilians on the coasts of North Spain. 1956Antiquity XXX. 48 A peripheral culture, which has lost its vitality, a ‘strand-loper’ type of existence. 1974G. Jenkins Bridge of Magpies ii. 37 The investigation of sea-shore middens belonging to Strandlopers—‘Seashore Walkers’—who were a vanished Stone Age race of Sperrgebeit nomads. 1975J. G. Evans Environment Early Man Brit. Isles v. 103 In the north of Britain, and especially along the coasts of the North Channel, groups of people known as ‘Strandloopers’, who subsisted to a considerable extent on shellfish, are represented by the Larnian and Obanian industries.
4. A beachcomber or vagrant.
1939Joyce Finnegans Wake 110 What child of a strandlooper but keepy little Kevin..would ever have trouved up on a strate that was called strete a motive for future saintity by euchring the finding of the Ardagh chalice by another heily innocent and beachwalker. 1952Chambers's Jrnl. Feb. 87/2 The man turned out to be a strandlooper—a coloured beachcomber, one who shared the food of the gulls.
Hence ˈstrandlooping ppl. a. Archæol., nomadic about coastal areas or lake shores; also as vbl. n.
1959New Scientist 12 Mar. 562/1 The Kennet of about 7,000 years ago was a series of connected lakes surrounded by forest, a site which must have been ideal for a strand⁓looping people. 1975J. G. Evans Environment Early Man Brit. Isles v. 105 For part of the year, the inhabitants probably forsook their industrial and strandlooping activities and moved inland to obtain their living by other means. 1976J. Hawkes Atlas of Early Man 44/2 Strand looping as well as fresh water and sea fishing intensified. 1978R. Bradley Prehist. Settlement of Britain 94/1 Early fishing, fowling and strandlooping are all compatible with one another. |