| 释义 |
bi·as
I. \ˈbīəs\ noun
(plural bi·as·es \-əsə̇z\)
Etymology: Middle French biais, from Old Provençal, perhaps irregular from Greek epikarsios athwart, oblique, from epi on + -karsios (as in enkarsios athwart, oblique); akin to Lithuanian skersas oblique, Russian cherez over, across
1. : a line diagonal to the grain of a fabric; especially : a line at a 45° angle to the selvage producing a cut with some stretchability and often utilized in the cutting of garments for smoother fit
2.
a. : an inclination of temperament or outlook
< a strong liberal bias >
often : such prepossession with some object or point of view that the mind does not respond impartially to anything related to this object or point of view
< the most pernicious kind of bias consists in falsely supposing yourself to have none — Walter Moberly >
: prejudice
b. : bent, tendency, trend
< a panel of experts of psychiatric bias >
< the present bias of trade in our favor >
sometimes : inclination
< my brother had a strong bias toward the scholarly life >
c. statistics : a tendency of an estimate to deviate in one direction from a true value (as by reason of nonrandom sampling)
3. now dialect England : established procedure : settled way or course
< there is no putting him out of his bias. He is a regular piece of clockwork — Samuel Richardson >
4. archaic : anything tending to influence one in a particular direction : a determining influence
5. lawn bowling
a. : a peculiarity in the shape of a bowl that causes it to swerve when rolled on the green
b. : a tendency of the bowl to swerve; also : the impulse causing this tendency
c. : the swerve of the bowl
6. : an unvarying component of the electric potential difference between a given element of an electron tube and the cathode — see grid bias
Synonyms: see predilection
•
- on the bias
II. adjective
1. : diagonal, slanting, oblique
< a bias light >
< trimmed with bias bands of velvet >
— used chiefly of fabrics and their cut; compare bias I 1
2. obsolete : swelled or weighted on one side
3. : of, relating to, or exhibiting bias
• bi·as·ness noun -es
III. adverb
Etymology: bias (II)
1. : in a slanting manner : obliquely, diagonally
< cut cloth bias >
2. obsolete : awry, amiss
IV. transitive verb
(bi·ased or bi·assed ; biased or biassed ; bi·as·ing or bi·as·sing ; bi·as·es or bi·as·ses)
Etymology: bias (I)
1. : to give a bias to : give a settled and often prejudiced outlook to : influence, prepossess
< fixed ideas may bias observation of events >
< his background biases him against foreigners >
2. : to apply a slight negative or positive voltage to (as a vacuum-tube grid) |