animal model
an·i·mal mod·el
animal model
An animal that is an accidental or deliberate (though selective inbreeding) model of a human disease. Such models are experimental living systems that are used to study disease mechanisms and provide insight into possible therapies.Animal models
• AIDS—SAIDS in macaque monkeys.
• ALL—Immune deficient SCID mice.
• Atherosclerosis—Watanabe rabbits.
• Ceroid lipofuscinosis—Border collies.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1A—Pmp-22 mutant trembler-J mice.
• Congenital hyperbilirubinemia—Gunn rat enzymopathy.
• Congenital malignancy—Embryonal nephroma—pigs; hepatoblastoma—sheep; melanoma—darkly pigmented animals.
• Crohn’s disease—Paratuberculosis/Johne’s disease, which affects dairy ruminants by Mycobacterium johnei.
• Cryptorchidism—dogs (castration).
• Cystinuria type I—Newfoundland dogs; Pebbles, a transgenic mouse model.
• Demyelination—Shiverer mouse.
• Diabetes insipidus—Brattleboro rats.
• Distichia—Cocker spaniels, dachshunds, bulldogs, Yorkshire terriers, poodles.
• End-organ resistance to normal hormones—Sebright bantam rooster.
• Endocardial fibrosis—Turkeys.
• Familial hypercholesterolaemia—Watanabe rabbits.
• Fibrosing alveolitis/Hamman-Rich disease—Bovine pulmonary disease.
• GH-resistant dwarfism—Mini-mouse.
• Inherited giant platelet disorders—King Charles Spaniel dogs (Cavaliers).
• Kinky hair disease—Copper deficiency in sheep.
• Klinefelter syndrome—X-linked testicular feminisation in mice.
• Lymphocytic thyroiditis—Beagles, obese chickens, buffalo rats, primates.
• Lymphoma—Lymphosarcoma in dogs.
• Malignant histiocytosis—Bernese Mountain dogs.
• Melanoma, spontaneously regressing—Sinclair swine.
• Mixed tumour (benign breast tumour)—Dogs.
• Muscular hypertrophy—Belgian blue cows.
• Myotonia congenita—Fainting goats.
• Neurolymphomatosis—Marek’s disease, induced by an oncogenic herpesvirus.
• Neuroplasticity—Aplysia, a marine mollusc.
• Osteopetrosis—Gray lethal mouse.
• Pacinian neurofibroma—Peking duck.
• Protothecosis—Collie dogs.
• Rheumatoid arthritis—Erysipelothrix-induced arthritis.
• Sleep apnea (obstructive)—English bulldog.
• Spermatocytic seminoma—old men and old dogs.
• Systemic lupus—NZB/NZW mice.
• Waardenburg syndrome—ferrets.