请输入您要查询的英文单词：

　

单词 estimate
释义
estimate1 nounestimate2 verb
estimatees‧ti‧mate1 /ˈestəmət/ ●●○ W2 AWL noun [countable] Examples
EXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES
  • According to a government estimate, the number of refugees is at least 18 million.
  • According to some estimates, almost two thirds of the city has been destroyed by the earthquake.
  • At a rough estimate, staff are recycling less than a quarter of the paper we buy.
  • I'm allowing $300, but that's only an estimate.
  • I've asked the builders to give us an estimate for fixing the roof.
  • Officials said Huntcor's estimate of building costs was about $3 million more than expected.
  • The final cost was £2000 higher than the original estimate.
  • The paintings have been valued at $3.5 million, which is probably a conservative estimate.
  • These are the figures, but they're only a rough estimate.
  • This proposal represents a rough estimate of the cost of materials and labor.
  • We're predicting a 10% rise in oil prices -- and that's a conservative estimate.
  • We got two or three estimates on the car.
EXAMPLES FROM THE CORPUS
  • A number of estimates have been made of the effects of regional policy in terms of new jobs created directly and indirectly.
  • But outside observers have been sharply scaling back their estimates.
  • December sales will put earnings for the fourth quarter and all of fiscal 1996 below Wall Street analysts' estimates.
  • Lovech was open from 1959 until April 1962 and interned 12,035, people according to official estimates.
  • Q: Could you give us an estimate as to how many people were in the ditch?
  • This leads immediately to an estimate of about 360,000 heavily employed trainers needed in addition to school, college and tertiary education staff.
  • This was done by giving subjects a maximum number of accidents which their estimates could not exceed.
  • With estimates as high as $ 200 billion, this is a very important question.
Thesaurus
Longman Language Activatorto calculate how much something costs
to calculate the total cost of a plan or process - used especially in business contexts: be costed: · The project had been incorrectly costed and the money ran out before it could be completed.get/have something costed: · It would be a good idea to get the plan costed before presenting it to the board.
to decide how much a product should cost: be priced: · Porsche said its new 911 Carrera 4s would be very competitively priced.· Please get your fruit and vegetables weighed and priced before you take them to the checkout.
a statement that says how much money it will probably cost to build or repair something: · The final cost was £2000 higher than the original estimate.estimate for: · I've asked the builders to give us an estimate for fixing the roof.
also quote informal a written statement of exactly how much money something will cost, especially a service: · Get a few quotations from different firms so that you can compare prices.
a calculation
· This type of calculation would take several hours without a computer.· According to our calculations, 2000 jobs will be lost.do/make a calculation · Mickey sat at the kitchen table doing calculations on a scratch pad.· Once all the necessary calculations have been made the experiment can proceed.
especially British a simple calculation, especially one done by children as an exercise in school: · It'll be quicker if I use a calculator for these sums.· We had to do some really hard sums today.
what you think the number, price, or value of something probably is, after calculating it quickly: · I'm allowing $300, but that's only an estimate.estimate of: · Officials said Huntcor's estimate of building costs was about $3 million more than expected.rough estimate (=not exact but good enough to be useful): · This proposal represents a rough estimate of the cost of materials and labor.conservative estimate (=an estimate that is probably too low, so you can be sure that the true amount will not be less than this): · The paintings have been valued at $3.5 million, which is probably a conservative estimate.
: an estimated number/cost/value etc a number, cost etc that is not exact but has been roughly calculated: · The tunnel is being constructed at an estimated cost of £15 million.· An estimated 1 million Irish people died from starvation and disease during the Famine.
an attempt to guess something
an attempt to guess something: · This is only a guess, but I think Barbara might have gone to Jan's house.· I didn't really know the answer. It was just a lucky guess.make a guess: · I'm not sure why she left him, but I think I can make a guess.good guess spoken (=say this when someone's guess is almost correct): · "When was the house built - about 1600?" "That's a good guess - it was 1624."I'll give you two/three guesses spoken (=say this when you think the other person already knows the answer to the question): · "Who's her new boyfriend then?" "I'll give you three guesses!''an educated guess: · "Did Cindy tell you that she's sold the business?" "No, it was just an educated guess."
an opinion about the value, size, speed etc of something that is formed partly by calculating and partly by guessing: · According to some estimates, almost two thirds of the city has been destroyed by the earthquake.rough estimate (=an estimate that is not intended to be exact): · These are the figures, but they're only a rough estimate.at/as a rough estimate (=making a rough estimate): · At a rough estimate, staff are recycling less than a quarter of the paper we buy.a conservative estimate (=an estimate that is deliberately low): · We're predicting a 10% rise in oil prices -- and that's a conservative estimate.
when you try to understand something or find the answer to something by guessing, because you do not have all the information you need: · It's important to find out what consumers want to buy, rather than relying on guesswork.· At the beginning, the police investigation was largely based on guesswork.it was pure/sheer guesswork spoken (=use this to say that you found out something by guessing): · "How did you know where she'd gone?" "It was pure guesswork."
when a lot of people, especially in newspapers and on television, try to guess what is happening or what will happen because they do not have much definite information: speculation about: · There has been a lot of speculation about the date of the next election.· The success of the book was heightened by media speculation about who the characters were in real life.speculation that: · A further defeat for the government led to increasing speculation that the Prime Minister would resign.amid speculation (that): · The investigation into the crash continued amid speculation that terrorists had destroyed the plane.wild speculation (=guesses that are not sensible): · the wild speculation that surrounded Princess Diana's deathpure speculation (= guesses that are not sensible based only on guessing, and not on informaion): · Any suggestion of an imminent crash in property prices is pure speculation.
an opinion, explanation etc that is speculative is based on guessing and not on facts: · Theories of the origin of life are partly speculative.highly speculative (=based almost completely on guessing and probably not correct): · Until further research has been done, any figures that I can give you are highly speculative.entirely/purely speculative (=based completely on guessing): · The papers were full of talk of Lucan's whereabouts, all of it entirely speculative.
formal guesses that are based on information that is not complete: a matter for/of conjecture (=something that people can try to guess but cannot know): · It's a matter for conjecture who wrote the original text in the fifteenth century.pure conjecture (=based only on guessing, and not on facts): · The judge dismissed the evidence as pure conjecture.
Collocations
COLLOCATIONS FROM THE ENTRY Meanings 1 & 2verbs
· Insurers have to make an estimate of the risk involved.
· The builder gave me an estimate of £10,000.
· Could you ask him if he can provide us with an estimate?
(=say the amount that you think something is)· It is impossible to put an estimate on the value of the manuscript.
· Independent estimates put the number of refugees at 50,000.
(=use something as information to give an estimate)· The government based its estimate on data from the 2008 census.
adjectives
(=not exact)· Can you give me a rough estimate of how much the repairs will cost?
(=fairly exact)· It’s hard to put an accurate estimate on the number of people affected.
(=deliberately low)· By conservative estimates, 2.5 million people die each year from smoking cigarettes.
(=accepted by people in authority)· According to official army estimates, more than 500 rebels had been killed.
(=ones that are accepted now)· According to current estimates, the country can expect 200,000 visitors in the next three years.
(=the most recent ones)· The latest estimates are that sea levels could rise by about 20 cm by 2050.
· These amounts are much higher than those given in previous estimates.
(=the one given at the beginning of a process)· The final cost was nearly three times the original estimate.
phrases
· According to some estimates, an acre of forest is cleared every minute.
· Estimates of the number of homeless people in the city range from 6,000 to 10,000.
COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES
(=one that is guessed and may not be exact)· The estimated cost was in the region of £3,000.
COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSADJECTIVE
· It became essential to obtain an accurate estimate of just how many tigers were left.· Thus half the effort of benefit-cost analysis would devolve upon the firm, whose owners' best interests dictate accurate cost estimates.· Similarly, accurate estimates of the marginal costs of production are often very difficult to obtain.· So even in 1966, the twelve-minute figure does not appear to have been an accurate estimate.· The most reliable and accurate estimates can normally be obtained using one of the true cross-areal interpolation methods.· Some leading Republican members of Congress said Friday they consider $ 825 million to be a more accurate estimate.· All are now agreed that that proved to be a remarkably accurate estimate.· Second, how can we be sure that it provides for an accurate and reliable estimate of that population?
· Results matched the average estimate from 11 analysts surveyed by Zacks Investment Research.· As with most groups, the average estimates for women are two to four times higher than those for men.· Wall Street expected earnings of 71 cents, the average estimate of 12 analysts surveyed by Zacks Investment Research.· The results yesterday beat the average estimate of 19 cents, based on a poll of seven analysts by Zacks Investment Research.· Analysts had expected it to earn 36 cents a share, the average estimate of four analysts surveyed by Zacks Investment Research.· The results were in line with the average estimate of 71 cents a share from 13 analysts surveyed by Zacks Investment Research.
· Even this conservative estimate of problem loans amounts to a striking 8% of the total loans in banks' portfolios.· But on conservative estimates its size is likely to triple by 2025.· At a conservative estimate the water was nearly a yard deep, even near the edge.· Any differences that emerged could therefore be regarded as conservative estimates for the species as a whole.· Duke reckoned it at a mile and three-quarters; the most conservative estimates put it at over a mile.· By conservative estimates, the agency has pared 2, 200 jobs in the past two years through attrition and early retirement.· All the data published on the effect of gill-nets on small cetaceans probably represents a conservative estimate of the number of deaths.· A conservative estimate is that 6 percent are homeless.
· This is about a factor of 3 smaller than current best estimates of the neutron star radius.· Under this arrangement, Faurer was responsible for current intelligence, estimates, scientific and technical intelligence, and research.· But this slumped to a third quarter loss of £126 million. Current estimates suggest fourth quarter profits of around £24 million.· Gummer admitted that current estimates of traffic growth, and hence traffic-related pollution, were incompatible with sustainability.· Our current estimate of 70 cases per million population per year is certainly the minimum for the reasons described.
· He hadn't been dead for very long - my earlier estimate of around six hours will be somewhere near the mark.· The earthquake registered a magnitude of 6.8, according to early estimates.· This represented 8 percent of the total as against an earlier estimate of 5.6 percent.· Our earliest estimate now is around mid-December.
· This is about a factor of 3 smaller than current best estimates of the neutron star radius.· The best estimates are that Cairo has half a million roof dwellers.· Downstream people must be willing to take risks based on their best possible estimate of the future.· According to the best estimates, all this took place between 3. 7 and 4. 5 billion years ago.· A star's spectrum thus contains thousands of peaks and valleys, which provide a good estimate of that star's composition.· Taken together, they may be applied jointly to produce a better estimate of the cost of equity capital.· We may expect to generate a better estimate by using pseudo-costs.· But the best estimates now place them at about 350, 000 and growing rapidly.
· Total debt stock for 1990 was estimated at US$16,446 million, more than US$11,000 million higher than 1989 estimates.· These steps give a higher estimate of X, as follows: 1.· The differences are small, varying between 32,000 jobs a year being the lowest estimate, to 38,000 being the highest estimate.· For these higher estimates nonconventional sources play an important role.· He attributed the higher estimate to David Hartman, the Austin banker who ran against Whitehead in 1994.· The figure is three time higher than previous estimates.· The government said the change to chain weights was largely responsible for the higher estimate.
· Spitfire restorations to airworthy status have notoriously exceeded initial estimates of timing and cost, irrespective of start point condition.· An initial estimate was made of the typesetting combination responsible for the character.· This figure lies on the high side of our initial estimate but two factors must be borne in mind.
· Neither the authorship nor the commission were known to Sotheby's then, and it too had a similarly low estimate.· The differences are small, varying between 32,000 jobs a year being the lowest estimate, to 38,000 being the highest estimate.· Fifteen dollars was clearly a low estimate.· The instructor's low estimate of patron capability.· When the bids were returned, the lowest estimate by far was from Hunts Point.· Not that the difference between the lowest and highest estimate is of any significance.· This August Committee Meeting accepted the lowest estimates for building the clubhouse and the workshop.
· Population projections for 2050 range between 7.7 billion and 10.6 billion, with a mean estimate of 9.4 billion.· The mean estimate provided by First Call was 33 cents.· However, it received a mean accident estimate, 6.90, which is below the average for the 40 junctions.· That beat a mean estimate of 88 cents a share based on forecasts of 20 analysts surveyed by Zacks Investment Research.· Both mean cost estimates have been compared between treatment groups, and the significance of any difference tested using randomisation test procedures.
· Some 800 grams of plutonium lie in the sediments of the Mururoa lagoon, according to official estimates.· There was no official estimate of how many people were stranded or delayed.· The latest figures for the disease are way above their official estimate for1992.· Experts like Freyle claim the official estimate of casualties is way understated.· It was the official estimate from the Soviet spokesman at the international conference at Vienna this year.· For state and local governments, circumventing the glitch could cost more than $ 100 million, according to official estimates.· Lovech was open from 1959 until April 1962 and interned 12,035, people according to official estimates.· Of the 19,067 engines in stock in 1921-2, 64 percent were unusable according to official estimates.
· Always question any increase in price and ask why it was not included in the original estimates.· This was unchanged from the original estimate reported by Insee on Nov. 29.· Your original estimate, I think, was more realistic.· Never mind that figure was four times the original estimate for the safety assessment.· Nuclear power stations are notoriously unreliable and construction costs go way over original estimates.· The original damage estimate was $ 10, 000, later raised to $ 100, 000.· The original estimates are joined to the new ones by lines.· The reinstatement was thorough, taking place over two years and costing much more than the original estimate.
· A preliminary estimate suggests a likely ceiling of between 120 and 130 machines.· The victory came at a cost, however. Preliminary estimates put the lawyers' campaign at nearly $ 14 million.· The government will release a preliminary estimate of full-year gross domestic product tomorrow.· Gans' preliminary estimate about the Tuesday turnout means the spurt four years ago was an exception to the trend.
· Recent surveys show previous estimates of whale numbers to be wildly optimistic.· This is a revision of the previous unofficial estimate, which was: everybody except A.C.· This result is marginally bigger than the previous traditional estimate of 11p.· There have been previous estimates that he had spent $ 12 million thus far.· The figure is three time higher than previous estimates.· The Board says that a new assessment of the polonium impact puts the risk at only one hundredth of its previous estimate.· Again, the level of risk implied by this explanation seems inconsistent with the dosimetry and previous estimates of genetic risk.· The uncertainty in the 12.5 billion year figure is 3.0, which encompasses most previous cosmological estimates.
· Use the five steps and chart below to work out a reasonable estimate of the cost of rebuilding your home.· The most difficult part of the job lies in developing reasonable estimates of the equations for the curves.· Of this, 4 million cubic kilometres is a reasonable estimate for the freshwater we could extract.· Suitable accounting policies applied consistently and making use of reasonable and prudent estimates have been used in preparation of the accounts.· Radiometric dating has nearly reached the stage when we can make reasonable estimates at the stage, if not the zone level.
· This far exceeds more recent estimates for 1983 given at the On-line conference in December.· Reserves under the continental slopes are not included in these recent estimates.· The most recent estimates suggest that Britain has a population of about 250,000 adult badgers and 105,000 cubs.· The most convincing recent estimate records a fall in that proportion from 77 percent in 1905 to 61 percent in 1916.· More recent estimates have varied wildly.· A recent estimate suggests that members with farming and related experience are twice as numerous as those experienced in the park purposes.
· Sampling theory showed that reliable estimates of population characteristics could be arrived at using appropriately constructed samples.· Quite sophisticated equipment and trained manpower is required to make reliable estimates.· The most reliable and accurate estimates can normally be obtained using one of the true cross-areal interpolation methods.· The practice is quite widespread, but no one has achieved any very reliable estimate of its scale, let alone a trend.· Second, how can we be sure that it provides for an accurate and reliable estimate of that population?· Better designed studies with more complete reporting of data would enable more reliable estimates of efficacy of treatment.· How reliable are its estimates of security betas?
· While the cost has yet to be calculated, rough government estimates show it likely will run to billions of dollars.· One in 5,000 is a rough estimate.· Calculate a rough estimate of interest at 1 percent per month.· You should be able to give a rough estimate of how much work each stage of the case is likely to entail.· As a rough estimate, the average number of records required per title is 5.· A rough estimate of the current amount of housebuilding in towns of over 50,000 population is around 15 percent.· It seems worthwhile to attempt such a semi-quantitative approach if only to give rough estimates of the parameters involved.
NOUN
· The presentation of a complete proposal comprising system design, implementation plan and cost estimates must be made by 31 December 1984.· But Boeing officials have said that cost estimates at this point are too premature to be credible.· This, with the total cost estimate, is the basis for estimating the return on investment of the project.· While this discussion was continuing, Schuster was still taking in the implications of the cost estimates.· Both mean cost estimates have been compared between treatment groups, and the significance of any difference tested using randomisation test procedures.· The architectural study by Hellmuth-Obata-Kassabaum would be used by construction managers to develop a more specific cost estimate by spring.· Thus even if Capital cost estimates come out higher it would not greatly lower the gain associated with gas-coal conversion.· Thus half the effort of benefit-cost analysis would devolve upon the firm, whose owners' best interests dictate accurate cost estimates.
VERB
· To supplement traditional budgetary methods, medium-term financial planning based on estimates of economic growth was advocated.· Flight timings in this brochure are based on our best estimate and historic experience of airline flying programmes.· Initial investments of this type are relatively easy to plan because they are based on actual estimates.
· Researchers compared those estimates with the actual waiting times taken from a computerized database.· This compares with structure plan estimates of need totalling 231,000 to 233,000 over the five-year period.· But compared with past estimates, this one was a surprise.· This could be compared with an estimate of the same prevalence from some previous survey to give a measure of secular change.· On Tuesday, the company reported disappointing fourth-quarter earnings of 72 cents a share, compared with estimates of 88 cents.· Rank orderings of difficulties and hazards with advancing age will be compared with estimates given by skilled driving instructors.· Otherwise, actual profit on continuing operations is compared with the 120-day estimate.
· For these reasons a number of highly estimated lots failed to find buyers while others far exceeded their estimates.· The profits exceeded analysts' estimates.· Spitfire restorations to airworthy status have notoriously exceeded initial estimates of timing and cost, irrespective of start point condition.· Kriegel was determined not to let the cost exceed the estimate without a fight.· In all the funeral exceeded the bishop's estimate by over £540, amounting to £940 18s. 11d.· This total of 84 million far exceeds all other estimates that we have seen.· There was the rub - Rose Lipman complained they were exceeding the estimates.
· A cost of living index based more widely than on wheat, gives the estimates in Table 7.4.· Q: Could you give us an estimate as to how many people were in the ditch?· A builder will need to give an estimate for the building work.· These steps give a higher estimate of X, as follows: 1.· You should be able to give a rough estimate of how much work each stage of the case is likely to entail.· Campbell did not give a dollar estimate of the damage in Grand Forks County.· Current data on which regulatory decisions are based, because they are incomplete, give an imprecise estimate of risk.· The company declined to give specific estimates.
· Quite sophisticated equipment and trained manpower is required to make reliable estimates.· And with this data they then make an estimate of the current computation on allies or some such thing.· Other surveys, including those carried out in relatively prosperous areas such as Bristol made similar estimates.· Ideally, rehabilitation began with doctors evaluating patients and making estimates about the potential recovery of muscle use and strength.· Since alcohol consumption may have varied with time, efforts were made to obtain estimates based on patient recall and chart review.· As soon as a primary or secondary copy has been made, the estimate will be updated.· I try to make a just estimate of myself as I do of everyone else, really.· Radiometric dating has nearly reached the stage when we can make reasonable estimates at the stage, if not the zone level.
· It became essential to obtain an accurate estimate of just how many tigers were left.· If this is the type of thing you had in mind I shall obtain an estimate from him.· Similarly, we can obtain an estimate for the power spectrum on scales from bulk-flow studies.· Typically organisations require employees to obtain two or three estimates and base their payment on the lowest one.· Since alcohol consumption may have varied with time, efforts were made to obtain estimates based on patient recall and chart review.· Since is a constant across countries you should obtain the same estimate of it in this second case.· It is important to obtain detailed estimates.· However, if it is felt that the estimate is excessive, an alternative estimate should be obtained.
· The survey has produced the first national estimate of below tolerable standard houses derived from consistently applied methods.· Taken together, they may be applied jointly to produce a better estimate of the cost of equity capital.· Each year local authorities produce estimates of likely expenditure for the coming year.· It is also hoped to produce estimates across the board up to 1962 as a contribution to the complete picture up to the present.
· A star's spectrum thus contains thousands of peaks and valleys, which provide a good estimate of that star's composition.· Table 3. 2 provides individual estimate for gaseous coal seams with the geometric mean used wherever a wide spread is given.· We will be pleased to provide you with an estimate of these costs in advance, on request.· Seismologists can also provide statistical estimates of the long-term seismic hazard.· With regards to the expected Community Charge arrears at 1 April 1993, I have provided my best estimate.· Faecal concentrations, however, provide only an indirect estimate of the drug available in the tissues.
· Table 6.13 below shows a revised estimate of daily water use.
Phrases
PHRASES FROM OTHER ENTRIES► a ball-park figure/estimate/amount
  • Conservative estimates indicate at least 150 people were killed in the military coup.
  • All the data published on the effect of gill-nets on small cetaceans probably represents a conservative estimate of the number of deaths.
  • At a conservative estimate the water was nearly a yard deep, even near the edge.
  • At a conservative estimate they had cost considerably more than she had just paid for her night's lodging.
  • By even a conservative estimate, about 10,000 Dall's porpoise were harpooned each year from 1976 to 1987.
  • I understand that is a conservative estimate.
  • Narcotics agents believe a conservative estimate of the number of laboratories is between 200 and 300.
  • On a conservative estimate, there are now about 5,000 books or articles that deal with it, at least in part.
  • On this basis imitation tasks ought to be regarded as giving a conservative estimate of the child's grammatical knowledge.
► an outside figure/estimate etc
Word family
WORD FAMILYnounestimateestimationestimatoroverestimate ≠ underestimateverbestimateoverestimate ≠ underestimateadjectiveestimated
1a calculation of the value, size, amount etc of something made using the information that you have, which may not be complete:  We just need an estimate of the number of people who will come.2a statement of how much it will probably cost to build or repair somethingestimate for The garage said they’d send me an estimate for the work.COLLOCATIONS– Meanings 1 & 2verbsmake an estimate· Insurers have to make an estimate of the risk involved.give an estimate· The builder gave me an estimate of £10,000.provide (somebody with) an estimate· Could you ask him if he can provide us with an estimate?put an estimate on something (=say the amount that you think something is)· It is impossible to put an estimate on the value of the manuscript.an estimate puts something at something· Independent estimates put the number of refugees at 50,000.base an estimate on something (=use something as information to give an estimate)· The government based its estimate on data from the 2008 census.adjectivesa rough/approximate estimate (=not exact)· Can you give me a rough estimate of how much the repairs will cost?an accurate/reliable estimate (=fairly exact)· It’s hard to put an accurate estimate on the number of people affected.a conservative estimate (=deliberately low)· By conservative estimates, 2.5 million people die each year from smoking cigarettes.an official estimate (=accepted by people in authority)· According to official army estimates, more than 500 rebels had been killed.current/recent estimates (=ones that are accepted now)· According to current estimates, the country can expect 200,000 visitors in the next three years.the latest estimates (=the most recent ones)· The latest estimates are that sea levels could rise by about 20 cm by 2050.earlier/previous estimates· These amounts are much higher than those given in previous estimates.the original estimate (=the one given at the beginning of a process)· The final cost was nearly three times the original estimate.phrasesaccording to an estimate· According to some estimates, an acre of forest is cleared every minute.estimates range/vary from ... to ...· Estimates of the number of homeless people in the city range from 6,000 to 10,000.
estimate1 nounestimate2 verb
estimatees‧ti‧mate2 /ˈestɪmeɪt/ ●●○ S3 W2 AWL verb [transitive] Word Origin
WORD ORIGINestimate2
Origin:
1500-1600 Latin past participle of aestimare ‘to think important’
Verb Table
VERB TABLE
estimate
Simple Form
PresentI, you, we, theyestimate
he, she, itestimates
PastI, you, he, she, it, we, theyestimated
Present perfectI, you, we, theyhave estimated
he, she, ithas estimated
Past perfectI, you, he, she, it, we, theyhad estimated
FutureI, you, he, she, it, we, theywill estimate
Future perfectI, you, he, she, it, we, theywill have estimated
Continuous Form
PresentIam estimating
he, she, itis estimating
you, we, theyare estimating
PastI, he, she, itwas estimating
you, we, theywere estimating
Present perfectI, you, we, theyhave been estimating
he, she, ithas been estimating
Past perfectI, you, he, she, it, we, theyhad been estimating
FutureI, you, he, she, it, we, theywill be estimating
Future perfectI, you, he, she, it, we, theywill have been estimating
Examples
EXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES
  • Analysts estimate the business earned about $135 million last year.
  • At that point, the public sector deficit was estimated to be around £45 billion.
  • Can you estimate how much fabric you will need for the curtains?
  • His personal fortune is estimated at £150 million.
  • Industry sources estimate the value of the ranch at $7 million.
  • Our staff will help you estimate how much fabric you will require.
  • Police estimate that over 10,000 people took part in the demonstration.
  • The committee did not estimate how much such a program would cost.
  • The mechanic estimated the cost of repairs at $350.
  • The police department estimates that the number of violent crimes will increase this year by about 15%.
EXAMPLES FROM THE CORPUS
  • Analysts estimate sales could reach $ 300 million a year once regulatory hurdles are cleared and full marketing gets under way.
  • As much as £750,000 extra in investment from Manchester and other northern councils was estimated to be available if the paper moved.
  • At moderate speeds, Wade estimated, the topped-off tanks gave him a two-hundred-mile cruising range.
  • He estimates that between 35- 41 percent of all useful land is affected by erosion.
  • Lambert said the state has estimated that 75, 000 Texas families are educating their children at home.
  • The real amount at risk is perhaps only 1 percent to 1. 5 percent of the notional figure, bankers estimate.
  • Ultimately biliary cirrhosis results and the median survival has been estimated to be 12 years.
  • Up to 60, 000 temporary jobs are expected to pump an estimated $ 2 billion in wages into the local economy.
Thesaurus
THESAURUS
formal to find out an amount, price, or value by adding numbers together: · The students calculated the cost of printing 5000 copies of their book.
to calculate something. Work out is less formal than calculate, and is more common in everyday English: · You need to work out how much you will need to borrow.
(also figure American English) informal to calculate an amount: · We still haven't figured out how much it's all going to cost.· the method for figuring welfare payments
to find out the total number of things or people in a group by looking at each one and adding them all together: · The teacher counted the children as they got on the bus.
(also total up) to add a number of things together to get a final number: · Once the scores have been totaled, we will announce the winner.· Okay, now let's total up who had the most points.
formal to say how much something costs, how much of it there is, how serious or effective it is etc: · I think it's difficult to quantify the cost at the moment, for a variety of reasons.· How do you quantify the benefits of the treatment?· a reliable method for quantifying the amount of calcium in the blood
formal to calculate what the value or cost of something is, or decide how good, bad etc something is: · The value of the paintings was assessed at $20 million.· They are still assessing the damage.· We need to have a better way of assessing students' progress.
to guess an amount, price, or number as exactly as you can, based on the knowledge you have: · The police department estimates that the number of violent crimes will decrease by 2%.
to say what you think the exact total amount or value of something is, especially when it is a lot: · It's hard to put a figure on it, but the final cost is likely to be over £225 million.· The company has refused to put a figure on its losses.
to calculate what an amount will be in the future, using the information you have now: · The company projects sales of $4 million this year.
Longman Language Activatorto calculate an amount or price
to find out how much something will cost, how long something will take etc by using numbers: · Their accountant calculated the total cost of the project.calculate how much/how many/how far etc: · I began calculating how long it would take to get to the airport if I left at 4:00.calculate that: · Sally calculated that she needed $300 to pay all her bills.
also figure out American especially spoken to calculate an answer, amount, price, or value: work/figure out something: · I always use a calculator to work out percentages.· Has anyone been able to figure out the answer to number seven?work/figure something out: · "How much do I owe you?" "I haven't worked it out yet."work out how much/how many/how far etc: · We need to work out how much food we'll need to take with us.· I spent all of last night trying to figure out how much this wedding is going to cost me.
British informal to calculate a particular total: make it 250/20 kilos/$50 etc: · "How much do I owe you for the meal?'' "I make it $10.50.''· Will you count these figures again? I make the total 248, but Chris made it 249.
American to calculate an amount: · He needs to sit down and figure out how many people are coming.· There has been criticism about the current method for figuring social security retirement benefits.
to guess an amount, price, or number as exactly as you can: · Analysts estimate the business earned about $135 million last year.estimate that: · The police department estimates that the number of violent crimes will increase this year by about 15%.estimate something to be something: · At that point, the public sector deficit was estimated to be around £45 billion.estimate something at something: · Industry sources estimate the value of the ranch at $7 million.estimate how much/how many/how far etc: · Our staff will help you estimate how much fabric you will require.
to calculate what the value or cost of something is, especially before buying it or selling it: · This computer program will assess how much is spent on each student within the school.· I took the ring to a jeweller to have its value assessed.assess something at something: · The total value of the paintings is assessed at $20 million.
a calculation
· This type of calculation would take several hours without a computer.· According to our calculations, 2000 jobs will be lost.do/make a calculation · Mickey sat at the kitchen table doing calculations on a scratch pad.· Once all the necessary calculations have been made the experiment can proceed.
especially British a simple calculation, especially one done by children as an exercise in school: · It'll be quicker if I use a calculator for these sums.· We had to do some really hard sums today.
what you think the number, price, or value of something probably is, after calculating it quickly: · I'm allowing $300, but that's only an estimate.estimate of: · Officials said Huntcor's estimate of building costs was about $3 million more than expected.rough estimate (=not exact but good enough to be useful): · This proposal represents a rough estimate of the cost of materials and labor.conservative estimate (=an estimate that is probably too low, so you can be sure that the true amount will not be less than this): · The paintings have been valued at $3.5 million, which is probably a conservative estimate.
: an estimated number/cost/value etc a number, cost etc that is not exact but has been roughly calculated: · The tunnel is being constructed at an estimated cost of £15 million.· An estimated 1 million Irish people died from starvation and disease during the Famine.
to guess something
to give an answer or decide that something is probably true, when you do not know enough to be definitely sure: · Are you sure Linda's pregnant, or are you just guessing?· I'm only guessing, but I should think their house is worth over a million.· I didn't know all the answers so I just had to guess some of them.guess who/what/how etc: · Guess who I saw in town yesterday.· Guess how much I paid for this watch!guess at: · We can only guess at the cause of the crash.guess (that): · Sally guessed that he had been drinking for most of the afternoon.· Detectives guess the attacker must be aged from 25 - 30.
to guess something, especially when you are trying to answer a question or explain how something might have happened: · I've no idea where I lost the keys. I couldn't even make a guess.make a guess at/about/as to: · It's possible to make a guess at who the woman in the story might be.
British /take a guess especially American to guess an answer, amount, or number - use this especially when you are telling someone to do this: · "How much rent do you pay for your apartment?" "Take a guess."have a guess at: · Have a guess at the answer, then check it with your calculator.
to say how much something will cost, how many of something there are etc, partly by calculating and partly by guessing: estimate (that): · Police estimate that over 10,000 people took part in the demonstration.estimate something at $350/£400 etc: · His personal fortune is estimated at £150 million.· The mechanic estimated the cost of repairs at $350.estimate how much/how many etc: · Can you estimate how much fabric you will need for the curtains?
: put the cost/the value/somebody's age etc at something to guess that the cost, value etc is a particular amount without trying to be very exact: · I'd put her age at around 35.· The cost of the war was put at more than $10 billion.
to think about or discuss something in order to guess what its causes or results might be: · We don't know why the prehistoric stone circles were built. We can only speculate.speculate about/on/as to: · Edward began to speculate on what life would be like if he were single again.· People have been speculating about interstellar flight for years.
Collocations
COLLOCATIONS FROM THE ENTRY
 The tree is estimated to be at least 700 years old.
COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES
(=one that is guessed and may not be exact)· The estimated cost was in the region of £3,000.
COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSNOUN
· Some analysts have estimated the potential investment at more than $ 100 billion by companies with their sights set on productionsharing deals.· Demand has been heavy and analysts estimated that Ford makes $ 10, 000 on each Expedition it sells.· The company posted sales of $ 57million for 1994, and analysts estimate similar sales for 1995.· Cavallari, the Adventis analyst, estimates that Napster accounts for 3 percent of all Internet traffic.· That boosted the reported payroll increase by approximately 75, 000, some analysts estimated.· Wall Street analysts had estimated net income of 41.· Benefits analysts have estimated that companies now providing health insurance pay, on average, about 10 percent of their payroll.· The company earned $ 1. 89 a share last quarter, 5 percent higher than analysts estimated.
· Its cost is estimated as £77 million.· The final costs were an estimated $ 66 million in public and private costs.· Staff costs have not been estimated.· There are no cost estimates for implementing the program.· While the war was still in progress costs had been estimated lower, at between F5,000 million and F7,000 million.· For four additional options considered, boiler conversion costs are estimated at $ 47 per kilowatt.· Production will run into November and cost an estimated $ 20 million.
· Financial environmental appraisal is used to estimate the potential costs and benefits of responding to shortfalls highlighted in other audits.· Estimators working in the construction industry and manufacturing businesses have different methods of and motivations for estimating costs.· Before proceeding to estimate the costs of corporate crime, one last distinction needs to be made.· Sierra said of the estimated repair costs.· Such software offers add-ons such as modules to estimate quantities, labour costs, and labour schedules.· The program also provides recipes, a shopping list, estimated meal costs and a nutritional analysis of the recipes.· This project will estimate the benefits and costs of wildlife habitats and compare the results using different valuation techniques.
· The Department of Energy estimates future NO2 emissions at up to 2.1 million tonnes by 2000.· The fire department estimates that damage at 50 Congress St. is about $ 500, 000, Caron said.· The Department of Energy estimates that 10 percent of our electricity could come from hot dry rock in 125 years' time.· The Commerce Department estimates that figure will rise to $ 45. 8 billion by 2000.· The Recreation and Park Department recently estimated 120 people camped in the park despite stepped-up police enforcement of anti-camping laws.
· Co. analyst Joseph LaManna slashed his 1995 earnings estimate to 73 cents a share from 95 cents.· Computer and semiconductor stocks slid as three brokerage firms downgraded earnings estimates for Dell Computer.· The consensus earnings estimate from analysts surveyed by First Call was $ 1. 14 a share, excluding the charges.· Co. slashed its 1996 earnings estimate to $ 1. 00 a share from $ 1. 40.
· Even with such a drastic cut, we estimated our losses for the first year as being in the region of £148,000.· Gary Locke estimated losses totaling billions of dollars, as damage reports of highways, homes and businesses continued to trickle in.· Extrapolating his results to the entire Nature Reserve, Onyeanusi estimated that the actual loss of biomass was low.· Sales are down 10 percent this year, resulting in an estimated loss of $ 75 million for 1995.· Mr Mayo estimates that loan loss reserves will have to be increased by a third, assuming an economic soft landing.· He also estimates that the loss of revenue to schools over four years would be $ 1 billion.· Now London was a glorious bust and overdue for consolidation, at an estimated loss of a hundred million dollars.· One lawmaker estimated actual losses at $ 100 million.
· South Ossetia's nationalist fighters were estimated to number 3,000, although they had no united command structure.· These weapons left over from wars and civil conflicts in 60 countries are estimated to number 100 million.· For accident estimates this is as would be expected since subjects were specifically estimating the total number.· Unfortunately, there is as yet no basis for estimating their total number or total mass.· Guiraudios estimated that the number of Minitel terminals installed will reach 8m to 9m within the next four to five years.· By estimating the expected number of each chromosome and comparing it with the observed number, any significant departures can be recorded.· Today, he estimates, the number of collectors has dropped to about 50.· Since then, the Amani Trust estimates that twice that number have been killed.
· Navy officials estimated that having one 911 emergency center for the San Diego bases will save $ 4. 4 million.· But officials have estimated that at least 20 million pounds were brought into the United States illegally just last year.· Parking and Traffic officials estimate the replacement project would take two years.· Earlier, Democratic officials had estimated that there were several dozen.· Federal officials estimate that the timber salvaged from Southeastern forests damaged by Opal will generate about $ 10 million.· Utility officials estimated that 17,000 customers in the Seattle area were without power.
· Until recently, lower military officials had taken the blame for the estimated 3,000 people who were murdered or went missing.· Earthquake and fires level San Francisco, killing an estimated 700 people.· Thousands of slum-dwellers were killed, and an estimated 100,000 people were made homeless.· An estimated 5, 000 people are currently active as music therapists.· An estimated 150,000 people crossed when the bridge opened last Saturday-15 times the number expected.· In all, an estimated 100, 000 people in San Diego work in telecommunications-related firms.· An estimated 300,000 people were killed.· An estimated 2, 500 people have survived crashes because their cars were equipped with air bags.
· The commission estimates the population on the basis of the electoral register - but is working with the artificially low 1991 registers.· State biologists estimate its statewide population at 4, 000 to 6, 000, but exact figures are not known.· When small samples are used to estimate population standard deviations, the results are biased in the direction of underestimation.· Some historians have estimated a slave population in eighth-century Sussex of almost twenty thousand.· Two years later it was estimated that the cod population amounted to no more than 1700 tonnes.
· The firm's estimated successful assignment completion rate of 80% compares well with other leading firms.· In 1860 John Phillips proposed 96m years, based on estimated rates of erosion and sedimentation.· Unfortunately we are hardly yet in a position to estimate these rates in terms of years.· I can be used to graphically estimate the rate of gas generation.· Table 4 shows the proportion of individuals who have estimated hazard rates and reservation wages which fall with duration.
· The report estimates that about 234,000 shells have been imported since 1981.· Sources said the report estimates that the Prop.· Senate report in 1991 estimated Cheng's net worth at more than $ 30 million.· A new report released yesterday now estimates the bill at $ 232. 02 million.· Recent news reports have estimated that 150 remain.· The report estimated first-year sales between 202, 000 and 236, 000 units.
· Calloway estimated the sales potential of such a book at one million copies worldwide.· Analysts estimate sales could reach $ 300 million a year once regulatory hurdles are cleared and full marketing gets under way.· PelFreez estimates that rabbit sales have climbed a steady 10 to 20 percent over the past few years.· The company posted sales of $ 57million for 1994, and analysts estimate similar sales for 1995.· The report estimated first-year sales between 202, 000 and 236, 000 units.· Analysts estimate similar sales for 1995.
· By calculating A, B and C it is possible to estimate the value which experiments should find.· Most items sold for amounts within a few hundred dollars of the estimated value.· In this chapter, we shall examine the nature of these two concepts and estimate their value for teachers.· Jackson estimated the total potential value of these business opportunities at $ 200 million.· Is this a record and by what percentage would you estimate it increases the value of my dwelling?· The Independent Sector, which commissioned the poll, estimated the dollar value of their time $ 170 billion.· With private companies, Datastream has estimated the value of the shareholdings in line with prevailing stock market values.· The World Bank estimates that the value of this trade will be twenty times greater by 2005 than it was in 1994.
Phrases
PHRASES FROM OTHER ENTRIES► a ball-park figure/estimate/amount
  • Conservative estimates indicate at least 150 people were killed in the military coup.
  • All the data published on the effect of gill-nets on small cetaceans probably represents a conservative estimate of the number of deaths.
  • At a conservative estimate the water was nearly a yard deep, even near the edge.
  • At a conservative estimate they had cost considerably more than she had just paid for her night's lodging.
  • By even a conservative estimate, about 10,000 Dall's porpoise were harpooned each year from 1976 to 1987.
  • I understand that is a conservative estimate.
  • Narcotics agents believe a conservative estimate of the number of laboratories is between 200 and 300.
  • On a conservative estimate, there are now about 5,000 books or articles that deal with it, at least in part.
  • On this basis imitation tasks ought to be regarded as giving a conservative estimate of the child's grammatical knowledge.
► an outside figure/estimate etc
Word family
WORD FAMILYnounestimateestimationestimatoroverestimate ≠ underestimateverbestimateoverestimate ≠ underestimateadjectiveestimated
 to try to judge the value, size, speed, cost etc of something, without calculating it exactlybe estimated to be/have/cost etc The tree is estimated to be at least 700 years old.estimate something at something Organizers estimated the crowd at 50,000.estimate that Scientists estimate that smoking reduces life expectancy by around 12 years on average.estimate how many/what etc It is not easy to estimate how many people have the disease.RegisterIn everyday English, people often say put something at an amount rather than estimate something at:· The damage was put at thousands of dollars.GRAMMARIn more formal English, you say it is estimated that something is true: · It is estimated that the statue weighs 60 tons.—estimated adjective:  heroin with an estimated street value of £50,000—estimator noun [countable]
随便看

　

英语词典包含52748条英英释义在线翻译词条，基本涵盖了全部常用单词的英英翻译及用法，是英语学习的有利工具。

　

Copyright © 2004-2022 Newdu.com All Rights Reserved
更新时间：2024/12/23 8:41:18