captivityn.

/kapˈtɪvɪti/

Forms: Also Middle English ( captyuide), Middle English–1500s captyuyte, 1500s–1600s captiuitie.

Etymology: perhaps < French captivité, < Latin captīvitas, -tātem, < captīvus captive. The Old French was chetiveté: as Littré has captivité only from 15th cent., the Middle English may have been direct < Latin.

a. The condition of a captive; the state of being held prisoner by an enemy or conqueror; sometimes spec. that of the Jews at Babylon.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > subjection > restraint or restraining > restraint depriving of liberty > [noun] > captivity

caitiftya1300

caitifdom1382

captivityc1400

captivance1590

captivation1610

chain1667

fetter1704

captivement1714

c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) l. 1612 Þat caȝt watz in þe captyuide in cuntre of Iues.

1480 W. Caxton Chron. Eng. ccliv. 328 There were many cristen men..put in captyuyte.

1546 Wycklyffes Wycket sig. A.ii^v They shall fall..into Captyuyte manye dayes.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 3 (1623) iv. vi. 13 To set him free from his Captiuitie .

1662 E. Stillingfleet Origines Sacræ i. vi. §8 How durst Ezra..after the Captivity, profane so sacred a thing?

1794 R. J. Sulivan View of Nature II. 238 Their several captivities, dispersions, and desolations.

1860 E. B. Pusey Minor Prophets 135 A captivity implies a removal of the inhabitants.

b. of a captive animal.

ΚΠ

1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth V. 305 A malicious joy in these call-birds to bring the wild ones into the same state of captivity.

2. figurative. The servitude or subjection of the reason, will, or affections.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > necessity > [noun] > subjugation of the will to something else

bondagea1450

captivitya1538

slavery1577

subjugation1609

vassalage1612

subordination1663

a1538 T. Starkey Dial. Pole & Lupset (1989) 21 Wyse conseyl, may at the lest..restore the wyl out of such captyvyte.

1552 Abp. J. Hamilton Catech. i. iv. f. 13 The miserable captiuitie of the deuil.

1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning i. sig. F4 Disciples doe owe vnto Maisters..not an absolute resignation, or perpetuall captiuitie .

1611 Bible (King James) 2 Cor. x. 5 Bringing into captiuitie euery thought to the obedience of Christ.

1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan iii. xxxii. 196 By the captivity of our understanding is..meant a Submission..of the Will to Obedience.

1714 J. Addison Cato iii. i The strong, the brave, the virtuous, the wise Sink in the soft captivity together.

†3. Those who are in captivity; captives collectively. (A Hebraism.) Obsolete. to lead captivity captive: a Scriptural phrase used in Judges v. 12, Psalm lxviii. 19 in the sense of ‘lead off one's captives in triumph’; but often taken (after Ephesians iv. 8) in the sense ‘to lead away into captivity those who have held others in bondage’.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > subjection > restraint or restraining > restraint depriving of liberty > [noun] > captivity > a captive > collectively

captivity1526

1526 Bible (Tyndale) Eph. iv. 8 He is gone vp an hye, and hath ledde captivitie captive [ Wyclif, ledde caitifte caitif].

1597 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie v. lxxviii. 240 He led captiutie captiue.

1611 Bible (King James) Judges v. 12 Leade thy captiutie captiue, thou sonne of Abinoam [1382 Wyclif, Tak thi chaytyues; 1388 thi prisoneris; 1535 Coverd. Catch hem y^t catched thee, thou son of Abinoam] .

1611 Bible (King James) Dan. vi. 13 That Daniel which is of the captiuity of the children of Iudah.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost x. 188 And with ascention bright Captivity led captive through the Aire.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

单词	captivity
释义	captivityn. /kapˈtɪvɪti/ Forms: Also Middle English ( captyuide), Middle English–1500s captyuyte, 1500s–1600s captiuitie. Etymology: perhaps < French captivité, < Latin captīvitas, -tātem, < captīvus captive. The Old French was chetiveté: as Littré has captivité only from 15th cent., the Middle English may have been direct < Latin. 1. a. The condition of a captive; the state of being held prisoner by an enemy or conqueror; sometimes spec. that of the Jews at Babylon. ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > restraint or restraining > restraint depriving of liberty > [noun] > captivity caitiftya1300 caitifdom1382 captivityc1400 captivance1590 captivation1610 chain1667 fetter1704 captivement1714 c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) l. 1612 Þat caȝt watz in þe captyuide in cuntre of Iues. 1480 W. Caxton Chron. Eng. ccliv. 328 There were many cristen men..put in captyuyte. 1546 Wycklyffes Wycket sig. A.ii^v They shall fall..into Captyuyte manye dayes. a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 3 (1623) iv. vi. 13 To set him free from his Captiuitie . View more context for this quotation 1662 E. Stillingfleet Origines Sacræ i. vi. §8 How durst Ezra..after the Captivity, profane so sacred a thing? 1794 R. J. Sulivan View of Nature II. 238 Their several captivities, dispersions, and desolations. 1860 E. B. Pusey Minor Prophets 135 A captivity implies a removal of the inhabitants. b. of a captive animal. ΚΠ 1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth V. 305 A malicious joy in these call-birds to bring the wild ones into the same state of captivity. 2. figurative. The servitude or subjection of the reason, will, or affections. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > necessity > [noun] > subjugation of the will to something else bondagea1450 captivitya1538 slavery1577 subjugation1609 vassalage1612 subordination1663 a1538 T. Starkey Dial. Pole & Lupset (1989) 21 Wyse conseyl, may at the lest..restore the wyl out of such captyvyte. 1552 Abp. J. Hamilton Catech. i. iv. f. 13 The miserable captiuitie of the deuil. 1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning i. sig. F4 Disciples doe owe vnto Maisters..not an absolute resignation, or perpetuall captiuitie . View more context for this quotation 1611 Bible (King James) 2 Cor. x. 5 Bringing into captiuitie euery thought to the obedience of Christ. View more context for this quotation 1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan iii. xxxii. 196 By the captivity of our understanding is..meant a Submission..of the Will to Obedience. 1714 J. Addison Cato iii. i The strong, the brave, the virtuous, the wise Sink in the soft captivity together. †3. Those who are in captivity; captives collectively. (A Hebraism.) Obsolete. to lead captivity captive: a Scriptural phrase used in Judges v. 12, Psalm lxviii. 19 in the sense of ‘lead off one's captives in triumph’; but often taken (after Ephesians iv. 8) in the sense ‘to lead away into captivity those who have held others in bondage’. ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > restraint or restraining > restraint depriving of liberty > [noun] > captivity > a captive > collectively captivity1526 1526 Bible (Tyndale) Eph. iv. 8 He is gone vp an hye, and hath ledde captivitie captive [ Wyclif, ledde caitifte caitif]. 1597 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie v. lxxviii. 240 He led captiutie captiue. 1611 Bible (King James) Judges v. 12 Leade thy captiutie captiue, thou sonne of Abinoam [1382 Wyclif, Tak thi chaytyues; 1388 thi prisoneris; 1535 Coverd. Catch hem y^t catched thee, thou son of Abinoam] . View more context for this quotation 1611 Bible (King James) Dan. vi. 13 That Daniel which is of the captiuity of the children of Iudah. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost x. 188 And with ascention bright Captivity led captive through the Aire. View more context for this quotation This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online December 2020). < n.c1400
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