étourdin.

Brit.

/eɪtʊəˈdiː/,

/eɪtɔːˈdiː/, U.S.

/ˌeɪtɔrˈdi/

Forms: 1700s etourdie (rare), 1700s–1800s etourdi, 1800s– étourdi.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French étourdi.

Etymology: < French étourdi (1614 or earlier), use as noun of étourdi étourdi adj. Compare étourdie n. and slightly earlier étourdi adj., étourderie n.

A thoughtless, irresponsible, or foolish person (esp. a man); a scatterbrain. Cf. étourdie n.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > stupid, foolish, or inadequate person > person of weak intellect > confused, muddled person > [noun]

mafflardc1450

juffler15..

dromedary1567

madbrain1570

batie buma1586

addle-head1592

blunderkin1596

nit1598

addle-pate1601

hash1655

blunderbuss1692

blunderhead1692

shaffles1703

fog-pate1732

blunderer1741

puzzle-pate1761

slouch1767

étourdi1768

botch1769

puddle1782

bumble1789

scatter-brain1790

addle-brain1799

puzzle-head1815

shaffler1828

chowderhead1833

muddlehead1833

muddler1833

flounderer1836

duffer1842

muddle-pate1844

plug1848

incompetent1866

schlemiel1868

dinlo1873

drumble-dore1881

hodmandod1881

dub1887

prune1895

foozler1896

bollock1916

messer1926

Pilot Officer (also P.O.) Prune1942

spaz1965

spastic1981

a1689 J. Reresby Mem. & Trav. (1904) 135 The Low Dutch call the High, muffes, that is, etourdi, as the French have it, or blockhead.]

1768 T. Mortimer National Debt No National Grievance 147 I am not the first etourdi to whom you have given a full hearing.

1794 H. W. Paget Let. Sept. in G. C. Paget One-Leg (1961) iii. 45 I must begin this letter by owning that I am the greatest Etourdi that ever lived yet that I am always lucky enough to get well out of every Scrape.

1802 M. Charlton Wife & Mistress III. v. 130 Mr Nevarc sent an intimation that I should not expect him, the etourdi having encountered a friend.

1847 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair (1848) vi. 45 ‘I beg a thousand pardons..,’ said the young étourdi, blushing.

1939 F. C. Green Stendhal iii. 66 More often, unhappily, his irate superior treated him as an étourdi to the sycophantic delight of the other officers.

1993 D. Wood Benjamin Constant 62 A lost scholarly Eden where he had first formed the idea of being more than an étourdi, an aimless young scatterbrain.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

étourdiadj.

Brit.

/eɪtʊəˈdiː/,

/eɪtɔːˈdiː/, U.S.

/ˌeɪtɔrˈdi/

Forms: 1700s etourdi, 1700s étourdis (modifying a plural noun), 1800s etourdie, 1800s– étourdie (designating a woman), 1900s– étourdi.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French étourdi.

Etymology: < French étourdi (14th cent. in Middle French), use as adjective of étourdi , past participle of étourdir to afflict with numbness of the brain (through concussion, inebriation, dizziness, etc.) (1176; 1086 in past participle as a surname, Ricard Estordit , in uncertain sense), to annoy or bore with a repeated action (15th cent.), to stupefy, dumbfound (1629), to render insensible (1677), apparently ultimately < classical Latin turdus thrush (see turdiform adj.), perhaps with allusion to the bird's reputed tendency to become intoxicated after eating large quantities of grapes (compare Middle French plus estourdy que une grive (1456–67), plus saoul que une grive (1486), etc., lit. ‘drunker than a thrush’).

Thoughtless, irresponsible; hot-headed, rash; ‘flighty’.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > excitement > excitability of temperament > impetuosity > [adjective]

brothc1175

impetuous1398

headya1425

brainish1530

hot-brained1556

hot-headed1603

flashy1632

hot-reined1635

scapperboiling1673

warm1749

étourdi1750

torrentuous1840

impulsive1847

unpoised1872

torrential1877

Latin1914

society > morality > duty or obligation > recognition of duty > undutifulness > [adjective] > irresponsible

étourdi1750

unresponsible1764

rattle-bag1888

irresponsible1890

1673 J. Dryden Marriage a-la-Mode ii. i. 16 How charming is the French ayr! and what an etourdy bete is one of our untravel'd Islanders!.]

1750 Ld. Chesterfield Let. 26 Apr. (1932) (modernized text) IV. 1526 All those French young fellows are excessively étourdis; be upon your guard against scrapes and quarrels.

1788 A. Jardine Lett. from Barbary, France, &c. I. 49 A monarch..of a character so indolent, capricious and etourdi, as he appears to be.

1828 C. H. Phipps English in France II. 347 Had she but the animal spirits to be étourdie, she would be so.

1867 E. W. Bellamy Four-Oaks xxxii. 367 Youth is so proverbially etourdie..that one cannot wonder to see them commit blunders.

1913 Atlantic Monthly Feb. 188/1 I was étourdie—lost in my mind, perhaps.

1994 Mod. Lang. Rev. 89 482 But what is the étourdi Horace doing in this particular galère?

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	étourdi
释义	étourdin. Brit. /eɪtʊəˈdiː/, /eɪtɔːˈdiː/, U.S. /ˌeɪtɔrˈdi/ Forms: 1700s etourdie (rare), 1700s–1800s etourdi, 1800s– étourdi. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French étourdi. Etymology: < French étourdi (1614 or earlier), use as noun of étourdi étourdi adj. Compare étourdie n. and slightly earlier étourdi adj., étourderie n. A thoughtless, irresponsible, or foolish person (esp. a man); a scatterbrain. Cf. étourdie n. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > stupid, foolish, or inadequate person > person of weak intellect > confused, muddled person > [noun] mafflardc1450 juffler15.. dromedary1567 madbrain1570 batie buma1586 addle-head1592 blunderkin1596 nit1598 addle-pate1601 hash1655 blunderbuss1692 blunderhead1692 shaffles1703 fog-pate1732 blunderer1741 puzzle-pate1761 slouch1767 étourdi1768 botch1769 puddle1782 bumble1789 scatter-brain1790 addle-brain1799 puzzle-head1815 shaffler1828 chowderhead1833 muddlehead1833 muddler1833 flounderer1836 duffer1842 muddle-pate1844 plug1848 incompetent1866 schlemiel1868 dinlo1873 drumble-dore1881 hodmandod1881 dub1887 prune1895 foozler1896 bollock1916 messer1926 Pilot Officer (also P.O.) Prune1942 spaz1965 spastic1981 a1689 J. Reresby Mem. & Trav. (1904) 135 The Low Dutch call the High, muffes, that is, etourdi, as the French have it, or blockhead.] 1768 T. Mortimer National Debt No National Grievance 147 I am not the first etourdi to whom you have given a full hearing. 1794 H. W. Paget Let. Sept. in G. C. Paget One-Leg (1961) iii. 45 I must begin this letter by owning that I am the greatest Etourdi that ever lived yet that I am always lucky enough to get well out of every Scrape. 1802 M. Charlton Wife & Mistress III. v. 130 Mr Nevarc sent an intimation that I should not expect him, the etourdi having encountered a friend. 1847 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair (1848) vi. 45 ‘I beg a thousand pardons..,’ said the young étourdi, blushing. 1939 F. C. Green Stendhal iii. 66 More often, unhappily, his irate superior treated him as an étourdi to the sycophantic delight of the other officers. 1993 D. Wood Benjamin Constant 62 A lost scholarly Eden where he had first formed the idea of being more than an étourdi, an aimless young scatterbrain. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022). étourdiadj. Brit. /eɪtʊəˈdiː/, /eɪtɔːˈdiː/, U.S. /ˌeɪtɔrˈdi/ Forms: 1700s etourdi, 1700s étourdis (modifying a plural noun), 1800s etourdie, 1800s– étourdie (designating a woman), 1900s– étourdi. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French étourdi. Etymology: < French étourdi (14th cent. in Middle French), use as adjective of étourdi , past participle of étourdir to afflict with numbness of the brain (through concussion, inebriation, dizziness, etc.) (1176; 1086 in past participle as a surname, Ricard Estordit , in uncertain sense), to annoy or bore with a repeated action (15th cent.), to stupefy, dumbfound (1629), to render insensible (1677), apparently ultimately < classical Latin turdus thrush (see turdiform adj.), perhaps with allusion to the bird's reputed tendency to become intoxicated after eating large quantities of grapes (compare Middle French plus estourdy que une grive (1456–67), plus saoul que une grive (1486), etc., lit. ‘drunker than a thrush’). Thoughtless, irresponsible; hot-headed, rash; ‘flighty’. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > excitement > excitability of temperament > impetuosity > [adjective] brothc1175 impetuous1398 headya1425 brainish1530 hot-brained1556 hot-headed1603 flashy1632 hot-reined1635 scapperboiling1673 warm1749 étourdi1750 torrentuous1840 impulsive1847 unpoised1872 torrential1877 Latin1914 society > morality > duty or obligation > recognition of duty > undutifulness > [adjective] > irresponsible étourdi1750 unresponsible1764 rattle-bag1888 irresponsible1890 1673 J. Dryden Marriage a-la-Mode ii. i. 16 How charming is the French ayr! and what an etourdy bete is one of our untravel'd Islanders!.] 1750 Ld. Chesterfield Let. 26 Apr. (1932) (modernized text) IV. 1526 All those French young fellows are excessively étourdis; be upon your guard against scrapes and quarrels. 1788 A. Jardine Lett. from Barbary, France, &c. I. 49 A monarch..of a character so indolent, capricious and etourdi, as he appears to be. 1828 C. H. Phipps English in France II. 347 Had she but the animal spirits to be étourdie, she would be so. 1867 E. W. Bellamy Four-Oaks xxxii. 367 Youth is so proverbially etourdie..that one cannot wonder to see them commit blunders. 1913 Atlantic Monthly Feb. 188/1 I was étourdie—lost in my mind, perhaps. 1994 Mod. Lang. Rev. 89 482 But what is the étourdi Horace doing in this particular galère? This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1768adj.1750
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