yeldadj.n.

Brit.

/jɛld/, U.S.

/jɛld/, Scottish English

/jɛld/

Forms: Old English gelde, Middle English– yeld, 1500s ȝeld, ȝeild, ȝeald, 1500s–1800s yeild, yeeld, 1600s yeell, 1700s–1800s yell, yeald, 1800s yield, yeal, yeel, yill. See also eild adj.

Etymology: late Old English *gielde , gelde (in glosses), corresponding to Middle Low German galt , Old High German, Middle High German galt (Middle German gelde , gelle , German gelt ), Old Norse geldr (Middle Swedish galder , etc.): compare geld adj., geld v.¹

Scottish and northern dialect.

A. adj.

a. Of an animal: Barren; that has missed having her young, or is not old enough to bear.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > biological processes > procreation or reproduction > infertility > [adjective]

yelda1100

barrenc1200

geldc1225

untudderya1325

unfruitinga1400

infecundc1420

unfruitfula1425

fruitlessa1513

infertile1598

abortive1601

sterile1612

effete1621

deaf1633

improlifical1646

subventaneous1652

improlifica1661

unprolific1672

unfructifying1827

subfertile1846

agenesic1864

eggless1904

shy1905

radiosterilized1960

a1100 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 226/22 Effeta, gelde.

a1100 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 394/26.

1411 in J. Raine Charters Priory Finchale (1837) 158 ix yeldbestis videlicet iiij vaccæ j stot ij quioks, ij stirketts.

1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid vi. iv. 32 Enee hym self..to the, Proserpyne, A ȝeld kow all to trynschit.

1538 Reg. Privy Seal Scot. II. 386/2 xl ȝeild scheip.

a1598 D. Fergusson Sc. Prov. (1641) sig. A4 A yeeld sow was never good to gryses.

1726 Fleming's Fulfilling Script. (ed. 5) sig. *a2^v (Table Sc. Phr.) Yeald, Barren, or dry.

1808 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Yeld,..3. Applied to cattle or sheep that are too young to bear, Dumfr.

1831 P. Sellar County of Sutherland 79 in Farm-rep. Yill gimmers [On page, ‘yill gimmers’ has footnote, defining it as: ‘Ewe hogs once shorn.’].

1831 P. Sellar County of Sutherland 81 in Farm-rep. The yell ewes being all sorted off the herding a few days before the lambing begins.

1844 H. Stephens Bk. of Farm II. 38 If she has never been put to the ram she gets the name of yeld-gimmer.

1886 Athenæum 30 Oct. 560/2 To shoot the yeld hinds on the 15th of October.

1897 Badminton Mag. Apr. 474 We have got altogether four bucks and a good yeld doe.

b. Of birds: In a single state, unmated. Scottish.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > birds > actions or bird defined by > [adjective] > unmated or bereaved

yeld1535

widowed1730

1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) III. 388 Birdis clekkit as tha war wont till do,..No nestis maid bot all that tyme war ȝeild.

1809 A. Edmondston View Zetland Islands II. 280 [They], not paring, are called yield kittiwakes.

2. Of cattle: Not yielding milk, from being in calf or from age; ‘dry’. Also of a nurse.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > dairy farming > [adjective] > yielding milk > not

dryc1450

yeld1670

sew1674

1670 Contract in Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot. (1896) XXX. 20 Too tydie kay & four yeell kay.

1786 R. Burns Poems 58 An' dawtet, twal-pint Hawkie's gane As yell's the Bill.

1793 J. Sinclair Statist. Acct. Scotl. IX. 317 The yell cattle vary in numbers according to the seasons of the year.

1808 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Yeld, Yeald, Yell, Eild..A cow, although with calf, is said to gang yeld, when her milk dries up. A yeld nurse signifies a dry nurse.

1818 W. Scott Heart of Mid-Lothian ii, in Tales of my Landlord 2nd Ser. IV. 43 A wild farm in Northumberland, well stocked with milk-cows, yield beasts and sheep.

1864 A. Leighton Myst. Legends Edinb. (1886) 8 ‘And wha will pay for the wet nurse?’ said I, ‘for ye ken I am as dry as a yeld crummie.’

3. Applied to inanimate objects that are sterile, unproductive, etc. (see quots.).

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > creation > productiveness > unproductiveness > [adjective]

unbearingc825

deafc897

westyOE

wastumlessc975

wilderna1050

drya1340

gelda1350

barren1377

unfructuousa1382

poora1387

ungreenc1400

infecundc1420

farrow1494

fruitlessa1513

unfruitful1531

sterile1552

hungry1577

penurious1594

unfertile1596

infertile1598

howling1611

ungenitureda1616

arid1656

infecundous1661

ungendering1706

yeld1721

unproductive1725

infructuose1727

ungenerative1733

fallow1791

nihili-parturient1812

dowf1824

wastec1825

non-productive1830

unreproductive1836

infructuous1860

unvintaged1869

increative1877

ablastemic1881

submarginal1895

1721 J. Kelly Compl. Coll. Scotish Prov. 42 Any thing is better than the Yell Kail. An Apology for having little, or bad, Fleshmeat.

1721 J. Kelly Compl. Coll. Scotish Prov. 42 (note) Yell is properly what gives no Milk, here it signifies boil'd without Meat, or having no Butter.

1824 J. Mactaggart Sc. Gallovidian Encycl. at Yell A rock is said to be yell when it will not quarry but with gunpowder; a field is said to be yell when nothing will grow on it.

1825 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Suppl. Yeld..8. Bleak, cold; applied to the weather, as denoting that it has no tendency to fruitfulness, or that it threatens sterility.

B. n.

A barren cow or ewe; a hind that is not pregnant.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > cow > [noun] > that gives birth > that is barren or not pregnant

yeld1856

barrener1882

the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > family Cervidae (deer) > [noun] > female > barren

soaking doe1588

yeld1856

the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > genus Ovus > [noun] > Ovus Aries (domestic sheep) > female > unfit for or unable to breed or inferior

crock1528

freemartina1722

draft ewe1794

shot1796

draft1844

yeld1856

1856 J. C. Morton Cycl. Agric. (new ed.) II. (Gloss.) 727/3.

1888 F. T. Elworthy W. Somerset Word-bk. Yeld,..a female deer not pregnant.

Derivatives

yeld v. (yell) (transitive) to make ‘yell’, keep from breeding.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > biological processes > procreation or reproduction > infertility > infertile [verb (transitive)]

to shut up the womb1530

sterilize1828

yeld1831

desexualize1886

1831 P. Sellar County of Sutherland 81 in Farm-rep. That..those least fit for breeding be yelled off for sale.

1831 P. Sellar County of Sutherland 81 in Farm-rep. The contrivance of yelling or breeching a certain number of ewes in each herding.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	yeld
释义	yeldadj.n. Brit. /jɛld/, U.S. /jɛld/, Scottish English /jɛld/ Forms: Old English gelde, Middle English– yeld, 1500s ȝeld, ȝeild, ȝeald, 1500s–1800s yeild, yeeld, 1600s yeell, 1700s–1800s yell, yeald, 1800s yield, yeal, yeel, yill. See also eild adj. Etymology: late Old English gielde , gelde* (in glosses), corresponding to Middle Low German galt , Old High German, Middle High German galt (Middle German gelde , gelle , German gelt ), Old Norse geldr (Middle Swedish galder , etc.): compare geld adj., geld v.¹ Scottish and northern dialect. A. adj. 1. a. Of an animal: Barren; that has missed having her young, or is not old enough to bear. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > biological processes > procreation or reproduction > infertility > [adjective] yelda1100 barrenc1200 geldc1225 untudderya1325 unfruitinga1400 infecundc1420 unfruitfula1425 fruitlessa1513 infertile1598 abortive1601 sterile1612 effete1621 deaf1633 improlifical1646 subventaneous1652 improlifica1661 unprolific1672 unfructifying1827 subfertile1846 agenesic1864 eggless1904 shy1905 radiosterilized1960 a1100 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 226/22 Effeta, gelde. a1100 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 394/26. 1411 in J. Raine Charters Priory Finchale (1837) 158 ix yeldbestis videlicet iiij vaccæ j stot ij quioks, ij stirketts. 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid vi. iv. 32 Enee hym self..to the, Proserpyne, A ȝeld kow all to trynschit. 1538 Reg. Privy Seal Scot. II. 386/2 xl ȝeild scheip. a1598 D. Fergusson Sc. Prov. (1641) sig. A4 A yeeld sow was never good to gryses. 1726 Fleming's Fulfilling Script. (ed. 5) sig. a2^v (Table Sc. Phr.) Yeald, Barren, or dry. 1808 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang.* Yeld,..3. Applied to cattle or sheep that are too young to bear, Dumfr. 1831 P. Sellar County of Sutherland 79 in Farm-rep. Yill gimmers [On page, ‘yill gimmers’ has footnote, defining it as: ‘Ewe hogs once shorn.’]. 1831 P. Sellar County of Sutherland 81 in Farm-rep. The yell ewes being all sorted off the herding a few days before the lambing begins. 1844 H. Stephens Bk. of Farm II. 38 If she has never been put to the ram she gets the name of yeld-gimmer. 1886 Athenæum 30 Oct. 560/2 To shoot the yeld hinds on the 15th of October. 1897 Badminton Mag. Apr. 474 We have got altogether four bucks and a good yeld doe. b. Of birds: In a single state, unmated. Scottish. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > actions or bird defined by > [adjective] > unmated or bereaved yeld1535 widowed1730 1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) III. 388 Birdis clekkit as tha war wont till do,..No nestis maid bot all that tyme war ȝeild. 1809 A. Edmondston View Zetland Islands II. 280 [They], not paring, are called yield kittiwakes. 2. Of cattle: Not yielding milk, from being in calf or from age; ‘dry’. Also of a nurse. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > dairy farming > [adjective] > yielding milk > not dryc1450 yeld1670 sew1674 1670 Contract in Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot. (1896) XXX. 20 Too tydie kay & four yeell kay. 1786 R. Burns Poems 58 An' dawtet, twal-pint Hawkie's gane As yell's the Bill. 1793 J. Sinclair Statist. Acct. Scotl. IX. 317 The yell cattle vary in numbers according to the seasons of the year. 1808 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Yeld, Yeald, Yell, Eild..A cow, although with calf, is said to gang yeld, when her milk dries up. A yeld nurse signifies a dry nurse. 1818 W. Scott Heart of Mid-Lothian ii, in Tales of my Landlord 2nd Ser. IV. 43 A wild farm in Northumberland, well stocked with milk-cows, yield beasts and sheep. 1864 A. Leighton Myst. Legends Edinb. (1886) 8 ‘And wha will pay for the wet nurse?’ said I, ‘for ye ken I am as dry as a yeld crummie.’ 3. Applied to inanimate objects that are sterile, unproductive, etc. (see quots.). ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > productiveness > unproductiveness > [adjective] unbearingc825 deafc897 westyOE wastumlessc975 wilderna1050 drya1340 gelda1350 barren1377 unfructuousa1382 poora1387 ungreenc1400 infecundc1420 farrow1494 fruitlessa1513 unfruitful1531 sterile1552 hungry1577 penurious1594 unfertile1596 infertile1598 howling1611 ungenitureda1616 arid1656 infecundous1661 ungendering1706 yeld1721 unproductive1725 infructuose1727 ungenerative1733 fallow1791 nihili-parturient1812 dowf1824 wastec1825 non-productive1830 unreproductive1836 infructuous1860 unvintaged1869 increative1877 ablastemic1881 submarginal1895 1721 J. Kelly Compl. Coll. Scotish Prov. 42 Any thing is better than the Yell Kail. An Apology for having little, or bad, Fleshmeat. 1721 J. Kelly Compl. Coll. Scotish Prov. 42 (note) Yell is properly what gives no Milk, here it signifies boil'd without Meat, or having no Butter. 1824 J. Mactaggart Sc. Gallovidian Encycl. at Yell A rock is said to be yell when it will not quarry but with gunpowder; a field is said to be yell when nothing will grow on it. 1825 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Suppl. Yeld..8. Bleak, cold; applied to the weather, as denoting that it has no tendency to fruitfulness, or that it threatens sterility. B. n. A barren cow or ewe; a hind that is not pregnant. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > cow > [noun] > that gives birth > that is barren or not pregnant yeld1856 barrener1882 the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > family Cervidae (deer) > [noun] > female > barren soaking doe1588 yeld1856 the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > genus Ovus > [noun] > Ovus Aries (domestic sheep) > female > unfit for or unable to breed or inferior crock1528 freemartina1722 draft ewe1794 shot1796 draft1844 yeld1856 1856 J. C. Morton Cycl. Agric. (new ed.) II. (Gloss.) 727/3. 1888 F. T. Elworthy W. Somerset Word-bk. Yeld,..a female deer not pregnant. Derivatives yeld v. (yell) (transitive) to make ‘yell’, keep from breeding. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > biological processes > procreation or reproduction > infertility > infertile [verb (transitive)] to shut up the womb1530 sterilize1828 yeld1831 desexualize1886 1831 P. Sellar County of Sutherland 81 in Farm-rep. That..those least fit for breeding be yelled off for sale. 1831 P. Sellar County of Sutherland 81 in Farm-rep. The contrivance of yelling or breeching a certain number of ewes in each herding. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < adj.n.a1100
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