sandbagn.
A bag filled with sand.
1. gen. (Used in proverbial simile.)
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1601 B. Jonson Fountaine of Selfe-love ii. v. sig. E3v All the Ladies, and Gallants lie languishing... and (without we returne quickly) they are all (as a youth would say) no better then a few Trowts cast a shore, or a dish of Eeles in a Sand-bag . View more context for this quotation
1611 T. Middleton & T. Dekker Roaring Girle sig. H3v Wriggle in and out, like an eele in a sandbag.
2. spec.attributive.1884 Milit. Engineering (ed. 3) I. ii. 72 The tools..required are..a clean sandbag, and a sandbag fork.1875 W. R. Smith Lect. Nursing viii. 144 The rest of the limb must now be bandaged, and sand bags placed along either side of it.
a. Fortification (see quots.)
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society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > shelter or screen > [noun] > sandbag
sandbag1590
earth sack1708
woolsack1715
1590 R. Williams Briefe Disc. Warre 50 Wooll sackes, gabions, sand bagges, faggots and such deuices.
1710 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum II Sand-bags, in Fortification, are Bags holding about a Cubick Foot of Sand or Earth: they are used for raising Parapets in haste, or to repair what is beaten down.
1799 Duke of Wellington Dispatches (1837) I. 29 We did all our work last night except filling the sand bags.
1885 Standard 7 Apr. 5/4 [They] marched out..to build..a block-house with timber and sand bags.
b. used as ballast; esp. for a boat or balloon.
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society > travel > air or space travel > a means of conveyance through the air > balloons and airships > [noun] > ballast
ballast bag1747
ballast1784
sandbag1834
water balance1902
society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > other equipment of vessel > [noun] > ballast
lastage1440
ballast1486
ballasting1508
kentledge1625
water ballast1759
shifting ballast1785
pig of ballast1789
pig ballast1797
sandbag1834
stiffening1894
1834 T. Carlyle Sartor Resartus ii. v, in Fraser's Mag. Mar. 306/2 A hapless air-navigator, plunging, amid torn parachutes, sand-bags, and confused wreck, fast enough, into the jaws of the Devil!
1855 D. Lardner Hand-bk. Nat. Philos.: Hydrostatics, Pneumatics, & Heat 184 The aeronaut..is provided with ballast composed of sand-bags, by casting out which he diminishes the weight of the balloon.
1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Sand-bags, small square cushions made of canvas and painted, for boats' ballast.
c. as a weapon. In early use, a bag of sand attached by a string to the end of a staff; also, one similarly attached to the arm of a quintain. In recent use (chiefly U.S.), a weapon used by ruffians, consisting of a long cylindrical bag (sometimes an eelskin) filled with sand, by which a heavy blow may be struck without leaving a mark.
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society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > blunt weapons other than sticks > [noun] > sand-bag
sandbag1594
1594 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 2 sig. Dv, (stage direct.) Enter at one doore the Armourer..with a drum before him, and his staffe with a sand-bag fastened to it, and at the other doore, his man with a drum and sand-bagge.
1656 Earl of Monmouth tr. T. Boccalini Ragguagli di Parnasso (1674) ii. iii. 136 [He] was set upon by some..who beat him so cruelly with Sand-bags, as they left him for dead.
1678 S. Butler Hudibras: Third Pt. iii. ii. 98 They now begun With Law and Conscience to fall on..Ingag'd with Money-bags, as bold As men with Sand-bags did of Old.
1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Quintain A slender Beam fitted to turn round a Spindle; at one of whose Ends was a sloap or flat Board, and at the other a Bag of Sand, or Dirt.—The Sport was..to ride a-tilt at the Board, and..to escape the Blow of the Sand-Bag.
1871 D. G. Rossetti Last Confession in Poems 512 And there I handed him [the mountebank] his cups and balls And swung the sand-bags round to clear the ring.
1894 W. T. Stead If Christ came to Chicago 354 The predatory rich do not shrink even from using the sandbag and the revolver—of course by deputies.
d. A bag or cushion filled with fine sand, used (a) in Engraving, as a support for the plate; (b) in Surgery as a support for a set limb.
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the world > health and disease > healing > medical appliances or equipment > surgical supports > [noun] > pad or sand-bag
bolster?1541
sandbag1658
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > printmaking > engraving > intaglio printing > [noun] > metal plate > equipment
sandbag1658
cushion1735
scraper1747
bridge1860
transfer-press1877
1658 E. Phillips New World Eng. Words A Sand-bag, in Etching or Graving, is that on which they use to turn their plate.
?1790 J. Imison Curious & Misc. Articles (new ed.) 46 in School of Arts (ed. 2) Let the table..be firm..upon which place your sand-bag with the plate upon it.
1837 N. Whittock et al. Compl. Bk. Trades (1842) 214 [article Engraver] The sand-bag, or cushion,..is for laying the plate upon, for the conveniency of turning it in any direction, but is seldom used by artists.
1873 E. Spon Workshop Receipts 1st Ser. 149/1 A sand-bag, on which to rest the block whilst engraving it.
e. A long narrow cylindrical bag, usually of flannel, containing fine sand, and used to cover a crevice and exclude draught or light.
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the world > space > relative position > closed or shut condition > that which or one who closes or shuts > [noun] > that which closes an aperture > bag full of sand
sandbag1808
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > screen > [noun] > for excluding draughts > specific shape
sandbag1858
sausage1961
1808 E. Weeton Let. 8 Nov. in Jrnl. of Governess (1969) I. 123 Scarce a window or a door was permitted to be opened. My room window was fastened down, and stuffed with sand-bags.
1858 in P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products
1908 A. C. Benson Altar Fire 225 The poky, comfortable arrangements,..the sand-bags for the doors, all spoke of a timid invalid life.
3. The stomach of a crab.
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1895 I. K. Funk et al. Standard Dict. Eng. Lang. II. (marked ‘Eng.’).
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1909; most recently modified version published online December 2020).
sandbagv.
1.
a. transitive. To furnish with sandbags.
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society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > shelter or screen > protect with screen or shelter [verb (transitive)] > provide with sandbags
sandbag1860
1860 Cornhill Mag. Oct. 440 The Bank [was] sandbagged and barricaded.
1906 Daily Chron. 11 Dec. 10/5 He not only fastens all his windows, he sandbags them.
b. intransitive. To attend to sandbags.
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society > travel > air or space travel > ballooning > balloon [verb (intransitive)] > specific operations
valve1906
sandbag1928
1928 Sat. Evening Post (Philadelphia) 4 Feb. 100/2 One of the chauffeurs had just finished fueling the plane. ‘You fly her,’ said Andy. ‘I'll sandbag.’
2. To fell with a blow from a sandbag. Also figurative, to bully or coerce; to criticize or lambaste.
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society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > action of striking with specific blunt weapon > strike with specific blunt weapon [verb (transitive)]
mellc1440
wapper1481
bebat1565
rib-roast1570
batonc1580
flail1582
club1593
bastonate1596
cudgel1598
rib-baste1598
shrub1599
truncheon1600
cut1607
scutch1611
macea1634
batoon1683
towel1705
quarterstaff1709
pole1728
handspike1836
blackjack1847
bludgeon1868
sandbag1887
cosh1922
sap1926
pistol-whip1930
knuckle-dust1962
society > authority > subjection > obedience > compulsion > compel [verb (transitive)] > by violence
violent1529
throwc1598
violence1620
musclec1802
bulldoze1876
sandbag1887
the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > criticism > criticize [verb (transitive)] > severely
to be sharp upon1561
crossbite1571
scarify1582
canvass1590
maul1592
slasha1652
fib1665
to be severe on (or upon)1672
scalp1676
to pull to (or in) pieces1703
roast1710
to cut up1762
tomahawk1815
to blow sky-high1819
row1826
excoriate1833
scourge1835
target1837
slate1848
scathe1852
to take apart1880
soak1892
pan1908
burn1914
slam1916
sandbag1919
to put the blast on (someone)1929
to tear down1938
clobber1944
handbag1952
rip1961
monster1976
1887 Courier-Jrnl. (Louisville, Kentucky) 2 Feb. 6/2 The next day Claytor turned up at Central Station with a fairy story that he had been sand-bagged on his way home.
1889 Columbus (Ohio) Dispatch 16 Sept. John Lehner and Henry Koontz were sandbagged Saturday night.
1897 W. D. Howells Landlord Lion's Head 421 He had not been sand~bagged, or buncoed.
1901 Congress. Rec. 34 ii. 1345/1 [This district] is lying in wait, as it were, from one year's end to the other, awaiting an opportunity to sandbag the public.
1903 ‘O. Henry’ in Ainslee's Mag. Feb. 59/2 About what figure had you and the kalsominer agreed to sandbag the state for?
1903 N.Y. Times 12 Sept. He has been sandbagged with stock from influential quarters where there still is antagonism to advancing market prices.
1919 Daily News 12 Mar. 8/1 While the [German] revolution was being side-tracked in Parliament it was being sand-bagged in the proletariat.
1973 Globe & Mail (Toronto) 4 May 6/1 Each will attempt to sandbag the Liberals into adopting its policies.
1974 Listener 27 June 818/1 Mr Heath and Mr Wilson sandbagging each other at televised press conferences.
3. Poker. To refrain from raising at the first opportunity in the hope of raising by a greater amount later.
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society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > poker > [verb (intransitive)] > actions or tactics
brag1734
fill1865
to go blind1872
to go it blind1872
stay1882
re-raise1903
sandbag1940
slow-play1971
1940 O. Jacoby On Poker v. 36 The time to sandbag is when you have three of a kind or better.
1950 G. S. Coffin Poker Game Compl. vi. 71 Jacks back sometimes offers a fine chance to sandbag.
1977 D. Anthony Stud Game i. 7 He fondled his stack of blue chips. He was sandbagging me. I gave him the same dose of silence.
1978 Sci. Amer. July 112/3 By under-representing a strong hand (sand-bagging) and thus keeping his opponents from folding a player may increase the pot he expects to win.
Draft additions 1993
b. transferred. To underperform in a race or competition in order to gain an unfair handicap or other advantage. slang.
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society > leisure > sport > types of play, actions, or postures > [verb (intransitive)]
run1685
pike1956
freestyle1977
sandbag1985
1985 Los Angeles Times 7 Oct. iii. 13/2 If the Rams had crunched the Vikings by three or four touchdowns, Robinson would have had to admit he was sandbagging, that he really might be sitting on..a truly hot team.
1986 Telegraph (Brisbane) 11 Nov. 40/1 Did Australia III ‘sandbag’ on the last leg of her America's Cup Defender Trials match yesterday to allow stablemate Australia IV to win and gain two vital points?
1988 Daily Tel. 7 Sept. 17/6 I've actually seen them sandbagging—setting up the boat to sail slow.
Draft additions 1993
ˈsandbagging n.
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society > leisure > sport > types of play, actions, or postures > [noun] > foul play
foul play1553
foul1849
hippodroming1864
fouling1866
roughing1866
misplay1867
obstruction1923
sandbagging1940
no-throw1959
1940 O. Jacoby On Poker v. 35 Sandbagging occurs when a player who has a good hand..decides to pass in the hope that someone else will open.
1965 Richmond (Va.) Times-Dispatch 19 Dec. c-7 Ten Detroit bowlers lost $21,000 of $30,000 in prizes..when they were judged guilty..of ‘sandbagging’—gaining an unfair advantage in handicap and classified tournaments by using..established league averages which did not reflect their true abilities.
1983 Age (Melbourne) 10 Sept. 5/6 Sandbagging around several lowlying homes continued yesterday as the floodwaters rose.
1986 Telegraph (Brisbane) 11 Nov. 40/3 My colleagues..said they were astounded at the result, which produced loud jeers and cries of ‘sandbagging’ from yachting journalists.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1909; most recently modified version published online June 2019).
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n.1590v.1860